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Deviance is behavior which goes against society accepted norms and values.
There are three  types deviance in sport, these are sportsmanship, gamesmanship and cheating.

Sportsmanship is defined as playing fair and playing within the written and unwritten rules of the sport, underpinned by good etiquette and respect for all. An example of good sportsmanship would be helping an injured opponent up in a game. Gamesmanship is defined as bending the rules in your favor e.g time wasting  to give yourself or your team a better chance of winning. Then there is cheating which is breaking the rules to increases your chances of winning e.g a athlete using preforming enhancing  drugs in a competition.

There can be many reasons why people cheat in sport, these could be for money. The better an athlete does the more chance they have of getting big sponsorship deals.Another reason an athlete may cheat is for success. An athlete may be obsessed to win so they will cheat to win just for pride.Also an athlete may cheat because of pressure. An athlete may have lots of pressure from higher places like a sponsor to win and do well which might drive them to cheat.
A positive of deviance is sport is it makes sport much more entertaining for fans and adds to the drama of sport, an example of this was Jon Jones first fight where Jon Jones won but later tested positive for steroids, this led to one of the best rivalry's in UFC history, the fact that Jon Jones was on steroids led to a spectacular knockout that provided entertainment for the fans.
Another positive of deviance in sport is it increases the quality of athletes in sport, an example of this was in sprinting there was a lot lot of former athletes that got caught for doping after there career was over, an example of this was Ben Johnson who got caught for doping after his career was over. Ben Johnson was one of the best sprinters in his era and he was doping, this shows that he wasn't doping then the quality of the sport wouldn't of been as good  and as competitive. Also deviance is sport can lead to massive upsets in sports where football giants lose to lower league clubs, deviance allows this because of gamesmanship, this allows the underdog team to bend the rules to create an advantage for them and increase their chances of suing an upset. Another advantage is it allows athletes who aren't as gifted as others athletes to become better an keep up with the completion, this ca allow them to have a better career and have a better quality of life also.

However there are also many disadvantages to deviance in sport, one of theses is that it can make sport boring for fans, for example if a team in football time waste and try to slow the game down by bending the rules it can become boring for fans. Another disadvantage is it can cause massive upset for athletes if they find out they most to someone who had cheated to win, this can lead to athletes becoming upsets. also deviance can ruin the reputation of a sport if everyone in the sport is cheating. an example of this is cycling, in the 2000s it came out the most cyclist were doping, this ruined the reputation of cycling as fans never knew if the athletes were cheating. Another example of how deviance in sport can be a disadvantage is the health issues cheating can cause. Steroids have many help issues linked with their use, however many atheist feel like they need to take them to do well.This can lead to future health problems that can be very damaging.

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An example of deviance in sport that made headlines all across the sporting world was when Harlequins player Tom Williams used a fake blood capsule so that he could be substituted. The reason why he did this was because his team were one point down near the end of the game so they needed Nick Evans to come on but he had been subbed of at half time so the only way he would be allowed to come on is if a player suffered a blood injury.
Tom Williams claims that higher powers at the club pressured him into committing the act and that he didn't have a choice in the matter. This links into the reason given at the start of this blog, why people may cheat, because Williams is claiming he was under increased pressure from higher powers at the club to cheat which made him feel like he didn't have any choice. I personally believe that he didn't have a choice in the matter because it seemed too well planned for just one person, Williams, to have planned it. Personally, I don't think that he would want to risk his whole career just so his team could have a chance of going through to the quarter final.

Was this act of cheating or gamesmanship?
I think personally this was cheating because the rules state that he could only come off for a player if he had a blood injury and as he didn't have an injury of this nature, yet he still came off the pitch to be replaced by another player. This in my opinion makes this cheating because he is breaking the rules to benefit his team  and give them a better chance of winning.However, i could see that people would think that its gamesmanship because he is bending the rules by faking a blood injury so he can come off, he hasn't broke any rules he just faked an injury so that he would be able to come off.,

How should the club be punished?
I believe that Tom Williams should be suspended because he has committed an act of deviance and cheated which puts the sport in a bad light and gives rugby a bad name and could lead to people losing interest in rugby. He did get suspend for 4 months which is a fair punishment because its show him,the club and fans that what he did was wrong and deviance in any sport is not going to be tolerated. Also the Physiotherapist should have been suspend and/or fined also because they also played a part in it incident and helped aid Tom Williams in his act of deviance however, he didn't commit the act sh he shouldn't receive as harsh a punishment.

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Racism is prejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one's own race is superior.Racism is a massive issue in both everyday life and sport for some people. Ill be talking about racism in sport today as when racism occurs in sport, racism in sport can cause massive issues for both fans and players.

What are the effects of racism in sport?
Racism can have massive effects for both players and fans, firstly one effect of racism is that it can cause players that experience racism towards them to refuse to play, this can massively disadvantage a team and cause them to lose, an example of this is when Kevin prince-Boateng had racist chants directed at him in an friendly against Pro Patria. This caused Kevin Prince-Boateng to walk off the pitch and eventually led to the game being called off. Another example of racism in sport was when Chelsea played PSG  in Paris. There was an incident where Chelsea fans pushed a black man of the metro, this led to the fans who did this getting convicted for racist violence, the effects of this is that it ruins the reputation for Chelsea. Another example of racism in sport was when Dani alves had a banana threw at him in a game against Villarreal. He dealt with this differently to the other examples that iv'e explained, instead of walking of the pith he actually ate the banana threw at him. The effect this has is that its shows the racist fans that they cant affect everyone with there racist antics.
Overall the effects of racism is that it can cause massive upsets for players and cause them not to want to play sport, it can also deter fans from football and give clubs bad reputation but racism doesn't have affects on all players and some can ignore it or even make a joke about it.

Raheem Sterling - Media Treatment
The media has a very big role in fueling racism in football, this is due to the fact that lots of people read newspapers for example so anything they write will be seen by many people and people will take on those ideas and believe them and start to think that way themselves. The media fueling racism is especially prominent in young black players, an example of a player that has had the media fuel racism towards him is Raheem Sterling.An example of this was when Raheem Sterling bought a 2.25 million pound house and got heavily criticized for this in the media. compare this to when his team mate Phil Foden bought a 2 million pond house and got praised for this. This shows that the media is discriminating against Sterling and fueling racism against him. There has been many other examples of this where the media has criticized Sterling for no reason other than to fuel racism against him.
Sterling Spoke out about this on his Instagram which is a very good thing. The benefits of sports stars speaking out against issues like this are that that it brings them to light and make them a topic of conversation, this allows them to be criticized and shown that racism towards anyone is wrong.Another benefit of athletes speaking out is that it can allow clubs to investigate racist issues and punish the fans being racist, this shows them that being racist is unacceptable and can allow them to learn.