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How gen Z is putting a fresh spin on a centuries old-fashion

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How gen Z is putting a fresh spin on a centuries old-fashion

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The Sari is one of the oldest forms of clothing and is seen as the representation of traditional and feminine beauty. But recently the Sari is being reclaimed in a modern way. The word Sari comes from the Sanskrit word Sati, which means a strip of cloth. His history goes back to 3200 bc. The Sari was used above all by married women, whereas now more young girls are using it with tennis shoes and over jeans. Changing its accessories makes it easier to wear on an everyday basis. An influencer, Kutty,  on Instagram, twirled a hula hoop while wearing a Sari and others did backflips or simply styled a Sari in their own way. The Co-founder Sofi Kassam of the Canadian label the Saree room says: “ it’s nice to see so much representation and have the younger generation be proud of their heritage”.

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The surreal art of “unnatural lighting” 

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The surreal art of “unnatural lighting” 

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The introduction of artificial light in a nature enviroment opens the mind to another way of seeing, says photographer and drove pilot Reuben Wu. While he was taking photos around the world, Reuben Wu realised that something were missing in those photos: the unnatural lighting. For this art, he was enspired by a mistake. He was near the Death Valley, California, Wu set a camera to take a time-lapse series in the back, when a pickup track drove by and washed out the scene with its harsh headlights. To make the phosographs what we see now, he flew drones carrying lights in front of the camera, taking long exposures, long as 30 seconds. After that he retouched the final version of the images to remove the drones and leave the light. Each photo is a visual that anyone has ever seen in his life. Reuben Wu photographs mostly in the USA where he lives. << In the spirit of exploration any landscape on Earth is a candidate for such a portrait, any scene, anywhere, that can be captured in a way it doesn’t usually appear>> he sad.

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The Afgans immigration flow after the taliban takeover

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The Afgans immigration flow after the taliban takeover

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key words -> taliban takeover, airport, borders, UK and US, VISA.
The article analizes the Afgans immigration flow from their houses to the neightbouiring countries or to other wordl's nation. After the Taliban takeover in august, Afgans are trying to leave their country but their evacuation has been more difficult since the Taliban took controll of all the Afghanistan's borders and airport. Despite that, from the 15th to the 30th of august more than 123,000 Afghan citizens left the country and found asylum in a different nation. America announced that about 80,000 refugees has been took on the American land and more than 73,000 of them were Afgans. Then, after a few days, the UK ministry of defence announced that his country is hosting 15,000 afgans. Another problem that makes evacuation even more difficult is that the Talibans control all the main land crossing points with Afghanistan's neighbours and the neightbouring country are not going to host more refugees. But for those who escaped the country the problems aren't ended, infact, they have to get VISA, a document that allows you to stay in another country which is not your home country. Even on this point the host countries are trying to figure out a process that will help every refugees to get VISA.

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Thousands of people are scrambling to flee Afghanistan after the Taliban seized back control of the country, almost two decades after they were ousted by a US-led coalition.

The United Nations has warned that up to half a million Afghans could flee the country by the end of the year and has called on neighbouring countries to keep their borders open.

The current crisis comes on top of the 2.2 million Afghan refugees already in neighbouring countries and 3.5 million people forced to flee their homes within Afghanistan's borders.

How many Afghans were evacuated?

The US-led operation to evacuate people by air has now ended, with the last flight taking off from Kabul airport just after midnight on Tuesday - a deadline agreed with the Taliban for foreign forces to withdraw.

More than 123,000 civilians were evacuated by US forces and its coalition partners after the Taliban took control of the capital on 14 August - but it's unclear exactly how many of those were Afghan nationals.

The US has said that it flew nearly 80,000 civilians out of Kabul and of those, about 5,500 were Americans and more than 73,500 were either Afghans or other foreign nationals.

While the UK Ministry of Defence, which ended its evacuations on Saturday, said it had flown out more than 15,000 people and some 8,000 of them were Afghans.

At the height of the operation, the US said its military planes were departing the airport every 39 minutes - although the evacuations did slow down after the suicide bomb attack on the 26 August outside the airport, which killed about 170 people, including 13 American troops.

Many of those flown out of the country were taken to emergency processing centres set up in several countries, including Spain, Germany, Qatar and Uzbekistan.

As many as 300,000 Afghans have been affiliated with US operations in the country since 2001, according to the International Rescue Committee, and tens of thousands of them are eligible to obtain a US visa - but many will now have to find a different way out of the country.

At the weekend, the US said it had received assurances from the Taliban that Afghan nationals who are issued with valid travel documents by another country will be allowed to leave Afghanistan.

What's happening on the border?

The Taliban control all the main land crossing points with Afghanistan's neighbours (shown on the map below) and reports suggest they are only allowing traders or those with valid travel documents to leave the country.

However, many of those trying to flee because they fear for their safety under Taliban rule will not have any paperwork.

The UN has urged Afghanistan's neighbours to keep their borders open to refugees and called on the international community to support those countries.

But Uzbekistan, which borders the north of Afghanistan, has said its main crossing point is closed to "ensure security" and there are no plans to open it.

Pakistan, which has the longest border with Afghanistan, has also said it will not accept refugees - with its US ambassador telling the BBC: "We are already overburdened by the refugees, and it is beyond our capacity to host any more refugees."

Last week, satellite imagery of the Spin Boldak crossing point between Afghanistan and Pakistan showed a large crowd of people gathered on the Afghan side.

The BBC's Shumaila Jaffery, who was at the crossing point, said it was a chaotic scene with many Afghans not being allowed to enter Pakistan.

Last Friday, two Afghans were reportedly killed by Pakistani security forces at the Torkham border crossing after trying to enter Pakistan illegally.

There have also been reports of thousands of Afghans trying to cross the western border with Iran, but it's unclear how many have been successful.

The latest movement of Afghans is part of a historical exodus from a country that has suffered instability and conflict over many years.

Even before the Taliban retook control, more than 550,000 people had been forced to flee their homes this year due to fighting, according to the UNHCR.

That means an estimated 3.5 million Afghans are currently internally displaced within the country.

In addition to those within Afghanistan's borders, about 2.2 million refugees and asylum seekers were also seeking sanctuary in neighbouring nations as of the end of last year.

This year, Afghans have also had to deal with a severe drought and food shortages across most of the country. A report by the UN World Food Programme (WFP) in June said that 14 million people - more than a third of the population - were suffering from hunger.

Mary-Ellen McGroarty, WFP country director for Afghanistan, said last week that unless emergency food and medical supplies arrived soon, the "already horrendous situation" would become "an absolute catastrophe, a complete humanitarian disaster".

Where do Afghan refugees go?

Neighbouring countries Pakistan and Iran saw the highest numbers of Afghanistan's refugees and asylum seekers last year.

Almost 1.5 million fled to Pakistan in 2020, while Iran hosted 780,000, according to UNHCR figures.

Germany was third, with more than 180,000, while Turkey took nearly 130,000.

When looking at asylum seeker numbers only - those who have applied for sanctuary in another country but whose claims have not yet been granted - Turkey, Germany and Greece top the list, with about 125,000, 33,000 and 20,000 respectively.

Although there are no Afghan asylum seekers in Iran, those with refugee cards - an official document recognising their status - are able to access the country's health and education systems.

The UN has called on its member states to help Afghan people in "their darkest hour of need" - but while some countries have offered refugees a safe haven, others have indicated they will not be giving sanctuary to those fleeing the crisis.

Both Pakistan and Iran have said that they cannot cope with a further influx of Afghan refugees. Officials in both countries have said that any refugees that do arrive will have to stay in camps near the border until they can return to Afghanistan.

Uzbekistan has said it will help transfer Afghans to third countries but will only host refugees temporarily. The Tajikistan government previously offered to accept up to 100,000 refugees but it's unclear if any have been allowed in yet. Turkmenistan has said its airspace can be used for evacuation flights but it hasn't made any commitment to take in refugees itself.

In Turkey, the government has urged European countries to take responsibility for any new migrant crisis, saying Turkey would not be "Europe's migrant storage unit". The country has stepped up construction of a border wall with Iran to thwart those entering illegally.

Officials in several European Union countries say they are keen to avoid a repeat of the 2015 migrant crisis, when there was a populist backlash against large numbers of Syrian refugees being allowed to enter EU territory.

France, which evacuated more than 2,800 people from Kabul airport, mostly Afghans, has indicated it will accept some refugees but has not specified a number. Germany has also not specified a number but Chancellor Angela Merkel has said as many as 40,000 people still in the country may have a right to be evacuated to Germany if they feel they are endangered.

Other EU countries, like Austria, Poland and Switzerland have said they will not accept any new Afghan arrivals and are upping their border security to guard against illegal arrivals.

The UK has said it will take in 5,000 Afghans in 2021 as part of a scheme to resettle 20,000 over the next few years, focusing on those at greatest risk from the Taliban.

The US has not said how many refugees it will accept yet, but it has authorised $500m (£367m) for "unexpected urgent refugee and migration needs of refugees". Canada has said that it will resettle 20,000 Afghans while Australia has said it will take in 3,000.

Several countries, including Kosovo and Uganda, have also accepted US requests to temporarily accept Afghan refugees before they are resettled elsewhere.

More on this story

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Afghanistan: How many refugees are there and where will they go?

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Thousands of people are scrambling to flee Afghanistan after the Taliban seized back control of the country, almost two decades after they were ousted by a US-led coalition. The United Nations has warned that up to half a million Afghans could flee the country by the end of the year and has called on neighbouring countries to keep their borders open.

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On the trail of Ireland’s legendary pirate queen

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On the trail of Ireland’s legendary pirate queen

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The article announces that in the next two years a new tourist trail is going to be built in the countryside of Mayo, Ireland. Therefore everyone could admire his phenomenal scenery, but the main message is about one of the most important heroes of Ireland: Grace O’Connor. This paper, as the route itself, tries to introduce such admirable person. Still in these days Irish girls are thrilled and emboldened by her, even if she was largely omitted because the protagonist of sea were all male. In fact she was a pirate queen also when seafaring was considered a male preserve, but much more. When she was nine years old she set sail on the board, although without permission, and never disembarked. Her father, another character of the route, taught her the entire seafaring knowledge and the importance to defend the family. Grace also outdid herself becoming the leader of O’Malley clan, building a great wealth and rebelling against foreign occupation, thanks to her commitment Ireland can celebrate the 100 years if independence. Especially she was not just a leader limiting herself to send orders, Grace O’Malley lived the dangers with her 200 men, even if it cost two of her sons. In conclusion the route demonstrates how the pirate queen never gave up doing what she loved such that rewrote the gender rules, affirming her strength as an example of female self empowerment. She dedicated her life to Ireland, her family and country.

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Almost five centuries ago, an 11-year-old Irish girl pleaded with her father. Eager to emulate this intrepid, seafaring man, she begged to board his ship and join his next expedition. Her request was denied. The reason he gave: Her long red hair would get caught in the ship's ropes.

The next time this captain saw his daughter, she was near bald. The brazen girl had shorn her own locks and was on her way to cutting a fresh path for Irish women. These were the first bold steps of a future pirate queen.

Her name was Grace O'Malley. Yet the Gaelic moniker that long bellowed across Ireland's rough seas was Granuaile (Gron-ya-wail), or "Bald Grace." The fiercest female in Irish history, she haggled with Queen Elizabeth I, rebelled against the English army, and for decades commanded ships that plundered the oceans near Ireland, even while heavily pregnant.

Now this extraordinary pirate tale is set to reach a wider audience. A Granuaile tourist trail is being developed by Mayo County Council and Failte Ireland, the country's national tourism body. Anna Connor, the Council's tourism development officer, says signposts will shepherd visitors through the majestic countryside of Mayo to sites Granuaile made her own.

Covering 2,156 square miles, Mayo is the third largest of the 26 counties in the Republic of Ireland, similar in size to Delaware yet with only one-seventh of its population. Located on Ireland's west coast, Mayo is renowned for its sacred mountains, serene beaches, salmon-rich rivers, cattle-filled paddocks, and quaint fishing villages. The native Gaelic language is still commonly spoken in traditional communities.

Granuaile is one of Mayo's heroes, and her story is particularly relevant now as Ireland marks a hundred years of independence from Great Britain, with commemorative events being held throughout 2021. Connor says the Granuaile trail will celebrate a woman who was "one of the last Irish leaders to defend against English rule in Ireland."

(Meet these 20 other trailblazing explorers who changed history.)

The trail will include the picturesque town of Westport, where Granuaile was born in 1530; the beaches of Clew Bay, where her ships docked; her castles on the mountainous Clare and Achill Islands; and Clare Island Abbey, where she was buried at 73 years old.

The planned trail is welcomed by Joe McDermott, a Mayo historian and guided-walks consultant who suggested the trail also include Murrisk Abbey. This 15th-century friary was built by the O'Malleys at the base of Croagh Patrick, a 2,500-foot-tall mountain overlooking Clew Bay and long a site of Catholic pilgrimage.

Most of these proposed trail sites have been closed since Christmas due to a strict lockdown prompted by the coronavirus pandemic, but will re-open this month. When the trail is completed, which Connor says could be more than two years away, tourists will need at least two days to properly explore each site on this driving route.

She ruled the waves

On the trail, visitors will learn not just about Granuaile but also her father, Owen O'Malley. He was the leader of the O'Malley clan, a powerful dynasty which ruled the seas off Mayo for several centuries, according to Irish author Anne Chambers, the foremost expert on Granuaile.

In the 1500s, Ireland was divided into about 40 Gaelic clans, dynasties that claimed ownership of parts of the nation, and often fought over territory and wealth, Chambers explains. Some of these groups accepted the authority of the English, who had taken full control of Ireland in 1541. Other clans, like the O'Malleys, rebelled against this foreign occupation. Governing a clan, then, was not just dangerous but also politically complex.

Yet, when Owen O'Malley died in the 1560s, it was not his eldest son who succeeded him as clan leader. Instead, Granuaile ascended. Wielding the seafaring knowledge and military tactics learned from her father, she controlled two galleys, 20 ships, and more than 200 men in the stormy Atlantic Ocean near Mayo.

(Drive through 5,000 years of history to discover Ireland's rich and storied past.)

Granuaile didn't command from afar. She didn't send her orders from the comfort of lavish castles. Rather she bellowed them, from the sloping deck of a ship, her voice raised above the crash of waves, and eyes trained on her men. Even while pregnant, she stood alongside them. The story goes that, in 1567, Granuaile had just given birth at sea when her ship was set upon by Algerian pirates. She rallied her men and repelled their foes.

Gradually, under Granuaile's guidance, the O'Malley clan built great wealth via trade, fishing, and piracy, according to Chambers. "Her leadership by sea sets Grace O'Malley apart from every other female leader in history," Chambers says. "Seafaring was considered, and to a degree still is, a male preserve. It required immense skill and courage to extract a living from the seas along the dangerous Irish coastline."

The O'Malleys plundered English ships that dared pass near Mayo, and this banditry soon placed Granuaile in English crosshairs. In 1577, she was imprisoned for two years. That time behind bars didn't extinguish Granuaile's fire. Chambers says that, after she was released, Granuaile repeatedly led her army in bloody rebellions against English generals who attempted to steal her family's territory.

When one such rival killed one of her sons, kidnapped another, and destroyed her fleet, Granuaile deployed both aggression and diplomacy. First, she seized an English ship. Next, she made the most unlikely of requests: In 1593, Granuaile asked for an audience with England's Queen Elizabeth I.

Many pirates had visited London before her. Most had brief and brutal stays, executed at Wapping Dock, their hanged corpses left dangling for days over the Thames River. But Queen Elizabeth was intrigued by Granuaile, so she granted her the rarest of audiences at London's Greenwich Palace.

When Granuaile confronted the Queen, she was not daunted, Chambers wrote in her book. Instead, she arrived with a bone to pick, a point to prove, and a knife in her dress. She did not see herself as beneath England's royalty. They were emperors bound by borders, whereas she was a ruler of the open seas, whose wealth and power were earned by daring and doing, not gifted by bloodline. It was they who should be impressed by her.

(For these pirates, their most valuable booty was a sailing atlas.)

Granuaile departed this royal meeting with not a bow but a bounty. She had secured the release of captured relatives and permission to continue her brash seafaring.

In return, Granuaile agreed to end her rebellion against the English. Her final decade on earth, thereafter, was less eventful, and she died of natural causes at Mayo's Rockfleet Castle. Perched on the shore of Clew Bay, near the pretty town of Newport, this four-story, 16th-century castle remains in fine condition and will be included on the Granuaile tourist trail

Granuaile's English opponents labeled her a "notable traitress" and a "nursing mother of rebels." But tomany Irish people, she was a legend before she even died. Now, more than 400 years after her death, Irish girls are still being thrilled and emboldened by her tale.

Reviving the legacy

In a country where patriarchy has long loomed, Granuaile was a key example of female self-empowerment, according to Chambers. "Breaching boundaries of gender imbalance, and bias, in a period of immense social and political upheaval and change, Grace O'Malley rewrote the rules to become one of the world's first recorded feminists," Chambers says.

It was only after death that chauvinism finally bested Granuaile. Chambers says that, until just 40 years ago, the pirate was largely omitted from mainstream Irish history. This was partly due to the over-emphasis on Ireland's male protagonists. Another key factor was that Granuaile didn't fit the mold of the "patriotic, untainted, dutiful picture of Gaelic womanhood promoted by later generations of Irish historians."

(Around the world, women are taking charge of their future.)

In fact, Granuaile may still be underappreciated if not for Chambers. Her 1979 biography of O'Malley, Granuaile: Ireland's Pirate Queen, is widely considered to have revived this story. Granuaile is now part of Ireland's public-school history curriculum and has been the subject of books, articles, documentaries, and stage plays.

And in years to come, tourists from across the world will be able to follow a Granuaile trail through Mayo. As they admire this county's phenomenal scenery, they'll learn an outrageous story: the tale of an audacious girl who defied gender roles, murderous foes, and an invading colonial power to protect her family's legacy and blaze a trail for Irish women.

Ronan O'Connell's mother grew up in County Mayo, and two of his favorite people are named after Granuaile: his sister, Grainne, and his cousin Grace. Follow him on Twitter.

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On the trail of Ireland's legendary pirate queen

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Almost five centuries ago, an 11-year-old Irish girl pleaded with her father. Eager to emulate this intrepid, seafaring man, she begged to board his ship and join his next expedition. Her request was denied. The reason he gave: Her long red hair would get caught in the ship's ropes.

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A New Yorker captures his city's revival behind the lens of his camera

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A New Yorker captures his city's revival behind the lens of his camera

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KEY WORDS: lockdown, photographs, rediscover New York, wanderlust, joy in present.

We are in Covid -19 pandemic and also New York, the most chaotic and vibrant city, is on lockdown. Here lives the narrator Michael George, a photographer, that, being used to travel, has never explore his city to take photographs. The pandemic changes this in an instant. For him it’s the opportunity to rediscover New York, that during lockdown seemed dead with its inhabitants. Therefore, after all the sacrifices of lockdown, he revisits New York’s tourist attractions. In spite of the agonizing months, the city goes back to being the crazy and incredible place it has always been, reminding Michael why he loves this city, maybe more than he ever has before. Likewise the pandemic changes his life, not because it deprives a lot, but because it reminds him to never conceive aspects in life as taken for granted. Not only, eventually lockdown re-invigorates Michael’s wanderlust in his everyday life and he figures how important is to live and discover joy in present.

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I may have been born in Florida, but New York City has been my home for more than a decade. It's my home base where I get to relax, recharge, find inspiration, and build my community.

Work has sent me travelling often over the last few years, which didn't allow much time for exploring New York to take photographs. The pandemic changed that in an instant.

When Covid-19 hit, lockdown turned into weeks, and then months, I couldn't do much other than take photos of my home and my cat. Though I used my camera occasionally in 2020, it spent a lot of time on the shelf. Motivation was hard for anyone to find, including all of us living in New York.

That's why it was such an emotional moment to finally be able to go outside and start taking photos again. This spring, it felt like the air was buzzing with a collective joy. Being able to walk out my front door, go outside safely, and take portraits again was an adrenaline rush.
How New York got its groove back
New York has always been known as a strong city that breeds tough people. Watching New Yorkers regain their signature energy while also attaining a new sensitivity and humility was refreshing and inspiring.

Everyone is starting to thrive again, but we sometimes still feel dazed at the same time. When going out to a bar, or weekly karaoke like I used to with my friends, there is a palpable appreciation for things we long took for granted.

When places that I love, including Coney Island, began to gather crowds again, it gave me and other New Yorkers a sense of hope after a long period of sadness, especially after the lockdowns.

I am a Coney Island evangelist and if I ever meet someone who hasn't been, I make sure to take them and force them onto all the scary rides. It is the best place to go in the summer to lay on the beach, people-watch on the boardwalk, get on rides, win silly prizes, and end it all with a Cyclones baseball game.

There was so much talk about 'New York is Dead', and though I never agreed, it was definitely scary to see a place that is normally so vibrant become a ghost town. Then, suddenly, as if someone flipped a switch overnight, New York went back to being the crazy, chaotic, and incredible place it has always been.

All the pent-up energy ended up bursting onto the streets, parks, beaches, and more. It reminded me of why I love this city, maybe more than I ever have before.
Remember to stop and look at the world around you
While I've immensely enjoyed re-exploring New York, it was also immensely refreshing to travel around the country again. Being able to visit other states showed me that other parts of America were also slowly healing.

If this pandemic has taught me anything, it's that we should never take the small pleasures in life, like going outside to say hello to friends and neighbors, for granted ever again. The pandemic also re-invigorated my wanderlust, because spending all those months cooped up taught me that the ability to do something like go on a spontaneous cross-country trip can be taken away in an instant.

I was always a walker, and I've walked several pilgrimages in my life thus far. The past year has changed my walks from a time to explore to a daily ritual of reflection and growth. I've walked everywhere from Coney Island to Prospect Park, my neighborhood, in circles, north and south, whatever side of the street the sun is hitting. I've been surprised to learn it never gets old, and even when I walk the same streets, I see something new every time. It is something I intend to hold onto long after the pandemic is behind us.

This final shot taken of the sunrise eclipse on June 10th was spectacular and otherworldly. I immediately turned to my friends and said, "It's like we're on a sci-fi planet." There are few places to witness the sunrise in New York City, but I was lucky enough to watch it from Edge NYC, an outdoor viewing platform that sits over 1,000 feet above the city. I was joined by other photographers, news crews, and lucky visitors there to witness the natural phenomenon. It had been a long time since I'd experienced collective awe - it feels like a blessing, and it reminds me of how important it is to live and discover joy in the present.
Michael George is one of the judges of the vivo VISION+ Mobile PhotoAwards 2021. The VISION+ Project gives photographers a platform for their work to be featured and rewarded. This year's theme, 'Create Together', focuses on photographs of one's surroundings - be they interpersonal relationships, the streets around them, their homes, and their daily lives. Learn how to enter here.

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A New Yorker captures his city's revival behind the lens of his camera

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I may have been born in Florida, but New York City has been my home for more than a decade. It's my home base where I get to relax, recharge, find inspiration, and build my community. Work has sent me travelling often over the last few years, which didn't allow much time for exploring New York to take photographs.

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How Diverse Emojis Encourage More Social Inclusion

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How Diverse Emojis Encourage More Social Inclusion

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Did you already know that since the 2015 emojis can have different skin tones...no? really? People nowadays use emojis more and more because nothing it is expressive likewise our faces. Indeed not all the faces are the same skin tone, an instance of this I am a little bit pale. In this article it is explained very well the disagreement that there was in the decision of putting the emojis in different shades. This essay deals with the diversity, the social inclusion and the identity of each person in the online world. Someone considers important to be hisself even on iMessage. Thanks this text you can find out how much might be important to express personal identity online, specifically, with our skin tones.

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“Covid: Delta variant spreads globally as cases soar”

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“Covid: Delta variant spreads globally as cases soar”

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Key words: Delta variant, Covid-19, WHO (world health organization), dominant variant globally, infections, vaccines

Abstract

The article deals with the spread of the Delta Variant of Covid-19 worldwide and the impact it could have in different countries.

The first cases were identified in India, but it has now been reported in lots of countries around the world.

It is expected to become the dominant variant globally in the coming months as the WHO has predicted.

It is a variant of concern, meaning it has undergone some genetic changes that are potentially worrying in terms of transmissibility and vaccine escape; however experts say vaccines still work well to protect against severe disease caused by this variant.

Infections are rising, particularly in Europe and the western Pacific region. Various countries are handling the situation in different ways: for example, some Western countries have started to ease restrictions as death rates have dropped. But those without access to vaccines or with a less effective vaccination campaign are in danger.

-        Indonesia has become Asia's new Covid epicentre: the country is recording more than 50,000 new daily cases, and the government is keeping emergency restrictions. Hundreds of people have died possibly because they could not get immediate treatment or were turned away by overwhelmed hospitals.  Moreover, only the minority of the population has been vaccinated.

-        In Tunisia this variant of Covid is having the most devastating impact since the beginning of the pandemic: the vaccination campaign has been very slow. In order to encourage people to register for a vaccine the authorities have offered for examples 1GB of free internet or a discount in some well-known restaurants.

-        In Mexico the government does not plan to increase restrictive measures or shut down economic activities once again, despite the risk of the spread of Delta because the population is exhausted by this crisis.

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It is expected to become the dominant variant globally in the coming months, with the WHO predicting that there could be more than 200 million confirmed cases within a matter of weeks.

Infections are rising, particularly in Europe and the western Pacific region. Some Western countries have started to ease restrictions as death rates have dropped. But those without access to vaccines or with a slower vaccine rollout are facing a deadlier threat.

Here, BBC journalists around the world give a sense of the toll the Delta variant is taking and what impact its spread could have.

With more than 1,300 deaths in a day, Indonesia has become Asia's new Covid epicentre. Hundreds of people have died in self-isolation - possibly because they could not get immediate treatment or were turned away by overwhelmed hospitals.

Wirawan, a firefighter in the capital city of Jakarta, sees the worsening crisis first-hand. He and his team are tasked with picking up bodies from homes before finally delivering them for burial. Before the latest spike in cases, he arranged two or three funerals a day. Now, he gets calls for up to 24 funerals a day.

That's more than he can handle, so the bodies need to wait.

The country is recording more than 50,000 new daily cases, and the government is keeping emergency restrictions until at least the end of this week. It is likely to extend the measures on Monday.

As the new highly transmissible Delta variant, which was first detected in India, continues to ravage the country, Indonesia is racing to vaccine its people. From 208 million people eligible for vaccines, only around 16 million have received both doses.

What is the Delta variant?

The first cases were identified in India, but it has been reported in lots of countries around the world

It is a variant of concern, meaning it has undergone some genetic changes that are potentially worrying in terms of transmissibility and vaccine escape

In some countries, including the UK, Delta has become the dominant type of Covid circulating

Experts say vaccines still work well to protect against severe disease caused by this variant

Tunisia is now witnessing the most devastating impact of Covid since the global pandemic took hold.

It's not known whether most of the new infections are the Delta variant specifically, but case numbers grew after its known arrival here.

Hospitals across the country are completely overwhelmed, with some medics filmed crying over a shortage of oxygen concentrators as they are forced to decide who lives and who dies.

Infection rates are soaring, and the vaccination campaign has been very slow with less than 8% of the population fully jabbed. Rights organisations have accused the government of mismanaging the crisis, and on Tuesday the health minister was sacked.

In recent days, Tunisia's national telecoms agency has offered 1GB of free internet for those who follow a mobile text prompt to register for a vaccine. At least one known pizza place in Tunis offered a 10% discount if customers showed proof of vaccine registration.

The situation could turn a corner next month after Tunisia received donations of vaccines, oxygen tanks and other medical supplies from European and Arabic countries, with several countries pledging to deliver more aid.

Mexico is facing its third wave of the pandemic. The number of infections has risen to more than 15,000 a day, reaching the peak we saw at the beginning of the year.

Authorities are concerned about the advance of the Delta variant, which in the capital Mexico City already accounts for around 60% of cases.

The government admitted that the spread of this variant in Mexico and the US is the reason they have extended the closure of the land border between the two countries to non-essential travel.

Most of those affected in Mexico are young and unvaccinated people. Only one in four over 18 year-olds in the country are fully vaccinated.

But with 65% of beds available, hospitals do not show for now the collapse seen in the worst moments of the pandemic.

In the streets, the feeling is almost of apparent normality among a population exhausted by this crisis. Many of them must leave home daily to work selling food or in other informal jobs, in order to earn the money they need to survive.

This is why the government does not plan to increase restrictive measures or shut down economic activities once again, despite the risk of Delta.

Until recently, Rwanda had been praised for its swift and strong measures to contain the virus.

But since mid-June, the virus has hit harder. Cases and deaths have spiked to record highs week after week. By early July, all Covid treatment centres were said to be full.

"We have never been here before in this pandemic," the health minister told the state broadcaster on 6 July. Two days later he confirmed the arrival of the faster spreading and deadlier Delta variant, and by 25 July the variant made up nearly 57% of samples sequenced.

On 17 July, the country announced a 10 day lockdown in the capital Kigali and eight districts to try to halt virus. Cases and casualties, however, remain relatively high.

More than 400,000 people are fully vaccinated - around 3% of Rwanda's population.

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Covid: Delta variant spreads globally as cases soar

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It is expected to become the dominant variant globally in the coming months, with the WHO predicting that there could be more than 200 million confirmed cases within a matter of weeks. Infections are rising, particularly in Europe and the western Pacific region. Some Western countries have started to ease restrictions as death rates have dropped.

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Kabul make-up artist: 'Women like me are Taliban targets'

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Kabul make-up artist: 'Women like me are Taliban targets'

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KEY WORDS: advertising posters; women; taliban targets; beauty industry in Afghanistan.
This article describes how much the beauty industry has meant to Afghan women and Afsoon, a modern Afghan woman, is telling us about it. She talks about a life event which shakes you to your core. After the Taliban had entered Afghanistan’s capital Kabul beauty salons in her country were banned again, but actually she grew up in an Afghanistan where beauty parlours were a regular part of her life; in the two decades since the US-led invasion that ousted the Taliban in 2001, more than 200 beauty parlours opened in Kabul alone, and now everything is over. Afsoon’s  salon had windows that were entirely covered with posters of glamorous and elegant women, that are now hedged with black paint, and she wanted a place where women could relax away from men. But from Afsoon’s point of view this is the end of beauty industry in Afghanistan. Now the parlour is closed and they accepted that they will not be going back to work ever again. Actually the girl can’t even talk about the future, she feels every second like if the taliban will come for her, she is a Taliban target.

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On the day the Taliban took control of Afghanistan's capital Kabul, advertising posters outside beauty parlours showing women in bridalwear were painted over. Salons around the city were closed down too. While some businesses have vowed to return to full service soon, others fear for their futures. Afsoon (not her real name), a make-up artist in hiding, describes how much the beauty industry has meant to Afghan women.

It's hard to translate the exact meaning of the Dari phrase takaan khordum into other languages.

Roughly, it describes a rare life event that shakes you to your core, after which you will have changed forever - like the death of someone you love, someone central to your life.

Afsoon experienced the feeling of takaan for the first time on 15 August 2021.

That Sunday she woke at 10:00 to a call from a colleague at the beauty salon where she worked. Afsoon was at her happiest there, the smell of fresh shampoo and nail polish mixed with the whir of a hairdryer and chatter.

"Don't come in today," Afsoon's co-worker told her when she rang. "We are closing up. It's over."

Sitting up in bed, Afsoon checked her mobile. Her thumb moved up and down the screen of her phone as she scrolled through dozens of texts from friends and family and then hundreds of social media posts. A torrent of dread slammed her with such force that she felt freezing cold and sick at the same time.

The messages were all the same. The Taliban had entered Afghanistan's capital Kabul. Within 16 days Western troops and their diplomats were gone from the country.

"It's over," she repeated to herself. It was time to hide.

Afsoon is in her mid-20s and considers herself a modern Afghan woman.

She loves social media, she loves movies, she can drive and she has career ambitions.

Afsoon can't remember the time in the 90s, the decade she was born, when the Taliban first banned beauty salons in her country.

But she grew up in an Afghanistan where beauty parlours were a regular part of her life. In the two decades since the US-led invasion that ousted the Taliban in 2001, more than 200 beauty parlours opened in Kabul alone, with hundreds more in other parts of the country.

As a teenager she would thumb through magazines and social media for glamorous looks, and she'd visit salons with women in her family.

She loved everything about that world. The multi-coloured nail painting, the make-up artists bent over women to paint smoky kohl eyeliners to frame thick brushed eyelashes on a dewy sparkling made-up face. The glossy blow-dries and swishy long hairstyles.

Eventually Afsoon fulfilled her dream of working in one of them as a successful make-up artist. There was nothing else she'd wanted.

Like all beauty parlours in Kabul, Afsoon's salon had windows that were entirely covered with posters of glamorous and elegant women advertising a promise of beauty that could be yours inside.

The posters meant a passer-by in the hot, male-dominated streets of Kabul could not see inside the tranquil and multi-generational female space of Afsoon's salon.

At any one time there would be more than a dozen women inside, be it the stylists or the clientele - who varied from doctors to journalists, from singers and TV stars to brides prepping for their big day and teenage girls giggling with their mothers on a special bonding day out.

Business was always healthy, be it weddings or simple pampering and the salon would be so busy during festivals like Eid that it would take days to book an appointment.

"I love women. I wanted to work and build spaces where women could be free and shine," Afsoon says. "We could relax in a place away from men."

But on Sunday 15 August, the day the Taliban took control of Kabul's presidential palace, her years of hard work ended in a day.

It's almost midnight in Kabul and Afsoon speaks in a hushed tone down the phone to us. She's palpably afraid. She left her home that Sunday and found a safe house.

"Women in the beauty industry, especially people like me who were visible and public with our work are targets," she says.

After the phone call from her friend telling her to not come in to work, Afsoon heard that any poster that represented female beauty was being painted over by scared Kabul residents. A friend of Afsoon's painted over some posters of models himself, a gesture to appease the Taliban and not attract attention to his female friends with beauty businesses.

"There is no way they would approve of seeing unveiled faces, or the necks of women on display," she says. "They have always been very clear on their belief that a woman must not attract attention.

"It is the end of the beauty industry in Afghanistan."

Afsoon has no invitation or paperwork that could have secured her a seat on a plane away from Kabul.

There is no way out for her.

She keeps in touch with her colleagues on a daily group chat. The last payment they received was on 24 August. No more will be coming in now. The parlour is closed and they've all accepted that they will not return to work.

Afsoon cannot talk about the future, she says.

What's next, she's not sure. She hasn't thought about how she will dress now, or even when she will venture outside.

Right now, the colour of a future she imagined has been painted over in thick black paint, and she is in the midst of a shock that has no time limit to recovery.

"Staying alive is the only thing I can think about. I'm not afraid of dying - but not like this, terrified and hopeless," she says.

"Every second I feel like the Taliban will come for me."

Afghanistan has been labelled one of the most dangerous places in the world to be a woman. One study suggested 87% of women in the country experience some form of domestic violence. Sodaba Haidare visited one place in the capital Kabul that offers hope to women escaping abuse. (Published April 2017.)

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Kabul make-up artist: 'Women like me are Taliban targets'

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On the day the Taliban took control of Afghanistan's capital Kabul, advertising posters outside beauty parlours showing women in bridalwear were painted over. Salons around the city were closed down too. While some businesses have vowed to return to full service soon, others fear for their futures.

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Key words ---> climbing chalk, pollution, flora, aid

Rock climbing is a sport that has obtained a lot of popularity lately. Wether you climb freely or with straps, many climbers decide to help themselves with climbing chalk, powder that is supposed to tighten one's grip on the rocks. However, with climbing getting more popular, experts have expressed concerns on how eco-friendly the chalk is, since it visually pollutes the rocks, but also affects the organisms living on it. Some have proposed to use rock-coloured chalk to solve the visual pollution issue, but have been botched since it doesn't only make it harder for the climber to find a path, usually identifiable by chalk marks, but it also doesn't remove the actual pollution affecting the flora on the boulders. More natural alternatives were proposed, as sticky resin from trees, but have ultimately been turned down. Experts have also questioned if the chalk actually improves grip or if it's only a physiological aid. This meaning that it helps climbers by making them think they have a better grip strength, therefore giving them confidence which improves thei performance.

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Even before climbing star Alex Honnold's stunning "free solo" ascent of Yosemite's El Capitan in 2017, rock climbing was gaining a foothold. Now, with its debut at this year's Tokyo Olympics, the once niche sport is set to reach new heights.

Yet the popularity of rock climbing and its sister sport, bouldering (where climbers scramble up large rocks without the use of ropes or harnesses), is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk-a ubiquitous and essential climbing tool.

Made from magnesium carbonate, climbing chalk is the same substance that gymnasts and weightlifters use to improve their grip on bars and weights. In fact, it was first introduced to rock climbing in the 1950s by John Gill, who was a gymnast in college before he turned his attention to bouldering. Since then, amateur and professional climbers alike have come to depend on the chalk's desiccating and friction-inducing properties-and have been leaving streaks of the stuff on rock faces around the world.

The resulting "chalk graffiti" has become so bad in the United States that parks are beginning to restrict its use. Utah's Arches National Park allows only colored chalk that mostly matches rocks, while Colorado's Garden of the Gods National Natural Landmark banned all chalk and chalk substitutes. Native American tribes have declared areas under Indigenous control off-limits to climbers, not only because of unsightly chalk marks but also to preserve spiritually important areas.

Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the flora that grows on rocks. The latest study on the effects of climbing chalk, released October 2020, found that it negatively impacted both the germination and survival of four species each of rock-dwelling ferns and mosses in laboratory settings. Wiping it off doesn't seem to help; chemical trails on cleaned boulders changed the rock surface's pH balance, which could affect the ability of plants to grow there in the future.

That matters because some climbing spots, such as erratic boulders (the study's focus), host unique ecosystems. These erratic boulders-rocks scattered across the globe by glaciers at the end of the Ice Age-are islands of vegetation, different from the land they sit on. As such, they may hold information about that era and how these plants travel.

It's not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all. Some papers found no additional grip benefits, while others found the opposite. Some climbers may find it helpful, says Daniel Hepenstrick, a co-author of the 2020 study and a doctoral candidate at ETH Zürich. But more likely it's a psychological aid. "When you face a problem on a rock, what do you do?" he says. "You powder your hands and go on."

(Learn more about the history of rock climbing.)

Compounding the problem

Adding to climbing chalk's potentially problematic nature is how it's sourced. Magnesium carbonate (MgCO3) is processed from magnesite, a mineral buried deep within the Earth. According to Climbing Magazine, more than 70 percent of the world's supply comes from mines in China's Liaoning Province, where satellite photos show magnesium carbonate powder piled up, and resembling snow, around one mining and processing plant.

The Chinese government has strengthened laws around mining to reduce its environmental impact and proposed remediation. But De-Hui Zeng, an ecologist at Liaoning's Chinese Academy of Sciences, who is studying the substance, says his research squares up with Hepenstrick's. Zeng says soil samples with elevated magnesium levels from the mining sites showed reduced nutrients, low microbial life, and plant death.

Hepenstrick emphasizes that his study-one of the first to examine chalk's effect on the environment-is far from conclusive. Additional work needs to be done to understand the full ramifications of climbing chalk. But that's easier said than done.

The environmental impact of rock climbing, in general, isn't well known. Access is one limitation, as most scientists are not climbers. Even in accessible areas, the variable terrain itself can present a challenge to measuring climbing's effects. "It's been difficult to tease apart the mechanisms that are potentially impacting the sensitive cliff communities," says Peter Clark, a doctoral candidate at the University of Vermont, who is studying cliff ecology.

(Hiking a desert park? Here's how you can help preserve the landscape.)

Climbing groups such as Access Fund, an advocacy organization that provides guidelines to the climbing community, are taking a wait-and-see approach to Hepenstrick's report before making any policy adjustments. "It's data for us," says executive director Chris Winter. "If there is a conservation concern, we take that quite seriously."

'Clean' climbing?

Until additional studies can be conducted, responsibility is mostly left to climbers, who "do care about nature," says Hepenstrick, an occasional climber himself. "You could inform them that using climbing chalk in a certain way could have an impact, and they would take that in."

Colored chalk that blends into rocks is one way to mitigate visual pollution. It can also help preserve the spirit of exploration at the root of climbing, says Shawn Axelrod, owner of Climbing Addicts, which sells two types of colored chalk. "[Chalk marks] give you the path," he says, suggesting that reducing the visibility of chalk supports the problem-solving integrity of the sport. Otherwise, "there is no individuality, no creativity, no challenge to what is the next step."

(Here's how "Free Solo" filmmaker Jimmy Chin tackles fear-and family travel.)

But while colored chalk can help mitigate visual blight, it doesn't prevent environmental damage. Most colored chalks contain magnesium carbonate along with other ingredients, which Axelrod declined to disclose in his own products due to proprietary reasons.

Beyond adhering to " Leave No Trace" goals, there may be other alternatives. Gill says that in his day, climbers used naturally occurring resin, such as sap from trees, and yellow pollen, the powdery stuff that seemingly sticks to everything in springtime. But he says these options were pushed aside in favor of chalk.

Aside from natural options, the most radical idea of all may be to skip gripping aids altogether. "Back then-a different world. A few marks here and there were unremarkable," says Gill about the sport's early days. "My friend [Patagonia founder Yvon] Chouinard declined to use [aids] when we bouldered because he considered it cheating. Perhaps today he would say it was an eyesore as well, and worse."

Jackie Snow is a technology and travel writer based in Washington, D.C. Follow her on Twitter and Instagram.

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Rock climbing is getting more popular-and that concerns conservationists

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Even before climbing star Alex Honnold's stunning "free solo" ascent of Yosemite's El Capitan in 2017, rock climbing was gaining a foothold. Now, with its debut at this year's Tokyo Olympics, the once niche sport is set to reach new heights.

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Ancient cave art may depict the world's oldest hunting scene

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Ancient cave art may depict the world's oldest hunting scene

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Key words
mural, human, painting, message

Abstract

The Indonesian Island of Sulawesi is a wonderful heavenly place, famous for its colourful coral reefs and for suitable places for diving. But that’s not it. In 2017 the Indonesian spelunker named Hamrullah did an unbelievable and unlooked-for archaeological excavation exploring the grounds of a concrete plant on the island. He spotted an unassuming hole in the limestone high above his head and found early people’s breath-taking paintings on the mural of an ancient cave. Animal’s and humanoid figure’s paintings, that bear unusual features, are represented on the rock and show the strong and special bond between early humans and animals. Likewise, the mural unfolds early people’s thoughts about themselves as an indivisible part of the wild world.

“When you do an archaeological excavation, you usually find what people left behind, their trash. But when you look at rock art, it’s not rubbish—it seems like a message, we can feel a connection to it” says lead study author Maxime Aubert. He also claims that the uncovered paintings of the ancient cave’s rock have completely changed the picture of our endless human journey. Eventually, they reinforce the notion that the origins of art are more global than once thought.

by Iannarelli Alessia

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An Indonesian spelunker named Hamrullah was exploring the grounds of a concrete plant on the island of Sulawesi in 2017 when he spotted the unassuming hole in the limestone high above his head. Without a second thought, he shimmied up the rock and tucked himself into the mouth of a small cave, where he clambered through the tunnel's cool, musty air. He hit the back wall and saw a mural spread out across eight feet of flaking rock, so he pulled out his phone and began snapping pictures.

The painting, described today in the journal Nature, depicts two pigs and four small-bodied relatives of water buffalo, as well as what appear to be eight humanoid figures that are two to four inches tall. Some of the human figures are holding long, spindly objects pointed toward the animals that might be ropes or spears.

Whether the art depicts a hunt or some other event, it's likely the oldest known story told through pictures, the researchers say. The mural dates back at least 44,000 years, which makes it about twice as old as most similar cave-art scenes in Europe, such as a 19,000-year-old French mural of a bison charging a bird-headed man. The discovery adds to a growing body of ancient art known in Southeast Asia that changes some long-standing ideas about when and where humans started showing our defining cognitive traits.

"When you do an archaeological excavation, you usually find what people left behind, their trash. But when you look at rock art, it's not rubbish-it seems like a message, we can feel a connection to it," says lead study author Maxime Aubert, an archaeologist and geochemist at Australia's Griffith University.

"Now we're starting to date it, not just in Europe but in Southeast Asia, and we see that it completely changes the picture of our human journey."

Finding the time

The mural is the latest major artistic work found in the caves of Sulawesi's Maros-Pangkep region. Millions of years ago, underground rivers had cut through the limestone here to form a maze of caverns, many of which contain hand stencils and other paintings made by the humans who called the island home tens of thousands of years ago.

Since the 1950s, scholars have documented more than 240 cave art sites on Sulawesi, but for decades, these paintings were assumed to be no older than about 12,000 years. That started to change in 2014, when a team including Aubert and Brumm began finding cave paintings in Indonesia that were at least 40,000 years old, making them at least as old as Europe's famed cave-art sites, if not older.

"Europe was once thought of as a 'finishing school' for humanity, because France in particular was the subject of intense research early on ... so for a long time the European rock art record really set the tone for what we expected to see," University of Victoria archaeologist April Nowell, who wasn't involved with the research, says in an email. "We have long known this view of Europe as a 'finishing school' is no longer tenable, and the richness of the finds from Australia and Indonesia continue to underscore this point."

The mural is globally significant, says Peter Veth, a University of Western Australia archaeologist who reviewed drafts of the study: "As with the early dates of people voyaging across the sea to Australia and engaging in highly complex art, here we have [Southeast] Asian Indigenes showing human-animal relations before sapiens even got to Europe."

How do researchers tell the age of a cave painting? One method provides an indirect estimate by revealing when minerals started growing over the finished art. These minerals naturally include trace amounts of radioactive uranium, which decays into thorium at a predictable pace. The older the deposit, the more thorium it'll have relative to uranium.

For the newfound mural, Aubert and Brumm's team sampled deposits that grew over parts of the painting and found that the minerals started forming between 35,100 and 43,900 years ago. Since it's possible that the mural was made even earlier, the researchers are treating these dates as minimums. And because the team thinks that the mural was done in one fell swoop, they are using the oldest date-43,900 years-as the whole mural's minimum age.

Aubert is confident these dates will hold. For one, the team sampled minerals that clearly formed over the painting's pigment layer and so were assuredly younger than the painting. The samples don't seem to have leached uranium over time, which nixes a possible source of error. It's also clear that Sulawesi's ancient residents had developed artistic chops; a nearby excavation led by Brumm found 30,000-year-old "crayons" and pieces of jewelry.

Elisabeth Culley, an archaeologist at Arizona State University who specializes in cave art, agrees that the Sulawesi painting is at least as old as the paintings in France's Chauvet Cave, which date to between 30,000 and 32,000 years ago. She also agrees that the artwork represents a proper scene.

"I don't think the interpretation is controversial," she says. "The figures are oriented toward each other, [and] it's not simply dynamic-there does seem to be some motion."

Going abstract

But the new mural has more contentious elements for scientists to ponder. The humanoid figures bear unusual features, including one with a stubby tail and another with a birdlike beak. As part of their paper, Aubert's team claims that the figures might be the oldest human-animal hybrids ever found in a work of art. The oldest accepted one, a lion-headed male figurine, was carved from mammoth ivory in what's now Germany 39,000 to 40,000 years ago.

If the painting's figures do in fact blend the human and the non-human, they suggest that the artist behind them could think abstractly and creatively. It's even possible that the figures hint at an early spirituality or express shamanic beliefs.

"Maybe early people at that time, to them, they saw themselves as an indivisible part of the animal world," says study coauthor Adam Brumm, an archaeologist at Griffith University. "This special bond between humans and animals was so strong that culturally and philosophically, they might have seen themselves as part-animal, part-human, for all we know."

Nowell agrees that the artwork might depict an abstract hunting scene: "Given that some of the human-like figures appear to have a tail or beak suggests that it is not a straightforward hunting scene, that there is some mythological quality to it," she says. Culley also agrees that the artwork is meant to be abstract, since the painting's humanoid figures are unrealistically tiny. But precisely because it's abstract, Culley says, the painting could support many interpretations beyond a hunting scene. Perhaps the putative spears are shamanistic "power lines" meant to show energy moving from one object to another.

Regardless of the specifics, Culley says that the scene's true importance lies in the artist's attempt at abstraction-a trait that also pops up in France more than 30,000 years ago.

"There's huge variation in [the two] cultures, there's a lot of space dividing these traditions ... but they're also very consistent," she says. "That, to me, is the real take-home: They're contemporaneous with a very, very similar tradition, which must have some shared origin."

Protecting the past

Now that researchers have described the painting, they're racing to find and document more. Hamrullah, who is a study coauthor, and the team's other Indonesian members routinely find more as-yet unexplored caves as they survey the region. The team is also trying to chart a future for this mural's cave site. It's unclear precisely why, but the newfound art has recently started flaking off the cave wall at an accelerating pace.

The bustle of activity around the site may play a role. While the local government and the concrete plant have agreed to protect the cave, nearby mining explosions still rattle the landscape.

"We don't know how long it's still going to be there," Aubert says.

It's possible that protections for the area will strengthen. In an email, Hamrullah expressed hope that the cave system could be declared a UNESCO World Heritage site. And even though its future is uncertain, Brumm marvels at what the cave has already told us about our shared past.

"You do have this opportunity to sit in this cave where you're only the fourth person, or fifth or sixth, to have seen this in tens of thousands of years, as far as we're aware-and then to be privy to this knowledge, this understanding, to know how ancient this is," he says. "It's very hard to describe that feeling. But it's certainly what keeps you going."

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Ancient cave art may depict the world's oldest hunting scene

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An Indonesian spelunker named Hamrullah was exploring the grounds of a concrete plant on the island of Sulawesi in 2017 when he spotted the unassuming hole in the limestone high above his head. Without a second thought, he shimmied up the rock and tucked himself into the mouth of a small cave, where he clambered through the tunnel's cool, musty air.

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See the Violent Italian Sport that Inspired Modern Football

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See the Violent Italian Sport that Inspired Modern Football

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key words > calcio storico, fight, violent, Renaissance Italy, glory and fame
Calcio storico is a game that you have probably never heard of but that you have almost certainly played in similar versions. From this game derive current sports such as soccer, American football, rugby, lacrosse and hockey. It is close to the modern one because it took place in a field where two teams faced each other even if with some different rules, the most unlike is that in Calcio storico the fighting is real and not a byproduct of the game. For this reason the sport was a violent game and routinely men who took part in it left the field with bloody faces and broken limbs. It was born in Renaissance Italy, most precisely in Florence and initially, participation was allowed only to natives of Florence but then it was open to everyone. Calcio storico continued to exist despite the men’s physical consequences because anything, includes the actual prize, can compare the glory and the fame of winning the match.
by Alessandra Bigoni

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This obscure Italian sport inspired modern American football

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Despite horrific injuries, Florence’s neighborhoods still compete for glory in calcio storico every summer.

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Where is the world's most expensive painting?

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Where is the world's most expensive painting?

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This article analyze in detail the mysteries of a painting: the Salvator Mundi by Leonardo Da Vinci.

The text deals of two main theses.

The first these is about the fact that it is not known certainly where the painting is currently located.

The artwork indeed it should be found somewhere in Saudi Arabia. It was bought at auction in 2017 by the crown prince Mohammad Bin Salman. It is also said that the same prince ordered the painting to be hidden somewhere, but no one knows where it physically is.

The second these that address this article talk about that it is not known certainly if the painting is actually by Leonardo. Many think that the painting was created by assistants in Leonardo’s workshop and that he added only some finishing touches.

However now the painting has been lost and consequently also the truth about this famous painting is lost.

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Jackson Hole is one of the last intact ecosystems in the USA. Being nature, human can destroy it, but he is also the only one that can safeguard it. So we have the task of protecting nature, and not just the Jackson Hole, but every single ecosystem on earth; therefore the following would be the rules we should always  follow in life, Jackson Hole calls them “The Wild Rules”. Introduced in recent years they serve to safeguard the planet, which as everyone knows, in recent years is undergoing severe attacks by humans who do not care. “The Wild Rules” are: The first is “Tread on the trail” to avoid destroying the vital habitat of animals and plants. The second rule says “Give wildlife space”; you have to stay far from the animals. Because you can camp in this area, the third norm is “Be an eco-conscious camper”. The fourth and last rule is similar to the third and says that you have to “Leave no traces” of your passage, like plastic bottles or waste.

Keywords:

ecosystem; safeguard; Wild; eco-conscious; wildlife

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Jackson Hole, Wyoming is a special place. As one of the last intact ecosystems in the continental United States, the region provides migration routes and protected areas for large ungulates like elk and moose. But, while Jackson Hole is all about wild things, only humans can protect it. So, whether you're in Jackson Hole now or are planning a future trip, put nature's needs first and live by The Wild Rules. Here's how:

Tread on the trail

Going off-trail-whether on foot or by bike-damages Jackson Hole's fragile ecosystem and destroys vital habitat and grazing grounds for animals. It can take up to 30 years to control erosion, replant trampled areas, restore meadows, and fully reverse other destructive impacts of unofficial "social trails."

To tell people to stay on the trail (without adding any invasive signage), Jackson Hole created a set of hiking boots with "Tread on the Trail" imprinted on the soles. Locals hiked the most popular trails wearing the boots, leaving a subtle, yet strong, message on the ground. What started as a rule to follow, turned into a step-by-step movement protecting 24,000 acres of land. As you explore, look for the "Tread on the Trail" footprints and, remember, there's no reason to take a nature-damaging detour, especially with 56 miles of paved pathways linking the town of Jackson to Teton Village and Grand Teton National Park, and over 115 miles of mountain bike trails.

Give wildlife space

Jackson Hole is where the wild things are, because this is their home. Be a good guest by treating animals and their habitats with respect. Begin by not feeding or approaching any wildlife. Stay at least 25 yards away from most wild things, and at least 100 yards (the length of a football field) away from big predators, such grizzly and black bears. Bear sightings are common in Jackson Hole, so review bear safety guidelines before hiking or camping.

If you're traveling with a dog, keep him leashed to prevent interactions that could agitate, injure, or kill wildlife. Dogs and pets are not allowed in the backcountry in the national parks, only on sidewalks and paved surfaces, and always on leash. When driving, slow down and give wildlife a "brake." Following posted speed limits and watching for animals in and near the road helps prevent deadly wildlife-vehicle collisions.

Be an eco-conscious camper

Camping gives humans access to Jackson Hole's great outdoors for an extended time. That's great for people, but not always so good for nature. To minimize your impact on the environment, treat your camping home like your own (or even better). Start by reserving a campground or backcountry site in Grand Teton National Park or by choosing a designated or dispersed camping site in Bridger-Teton National Forest.

Before entering (and leaving) the campsite, clean your shoes and gear to prevent the spread of invasive species. To protect wildlife and yourself, store food in bear-boxes, do not leave your food unattended, and follow current fire restrictions. When it's time to head home, pack out everything you brought in, including food waste. In camping areas without restroom facilities, remember to properly dispose of or bury human waste, too.

Leave no trace

Jackson Hole's wild spaces are extraordinary just the way they are. Ensure they stay that way by taking a Leave No Trace approach to nature. In other words, leave the wild exactly as you found it. Seemingly small actions, such as picking a few flowers, taking a rock as a keepsake, carving initials into tree bark, or collecting colorful leaves (an important food source for deer), diminishes scenic beauty for future visitors and can damage the environment.

Any human activity leaves a footprint, of course, but you can shrink yours by taking some simple nature-friendly steps. Bring a refillable water bottle and put snacks in reusable containers to reduce waste. Travel car-free by riding bikes and using START, the public bus, bike, and shuttle service provided by the town of Jackson and Teton County. Every nature-friendly choice you make is a step in the right direction. When you're here, discover all the steps Jackson Hole is taking to become a world-class sustainable destination.

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Jackson Hole, Wyoming is a special place. As one of the last intact ecosystems in the continental United States, the region provides migration routes and protected areas for large ungulates like elk and moose. But, while Jackson Hole is all about wild things, only humans can protect it.

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Rock climbing is getting more popular – and that concerns conservationists  

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Rock climbing is getting more popular – and that concerns conservationists  

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Rock climbing is getting more popular with its debut in Tokyo Olympics and so the use of chalk climbing is more frequent. Consequently, the popularity of rock climbing and bouldering is raising questions about the damaging environmental effects of climbing chalk that was first introduced in the 1950s by John Gill. Beyond the visual pollution, new research suggests chalk may be harming the flora that grows on rocks and may be changing the rock surface’s pH balance and it’s not even clear whether chalk improves climbing performance at all. According to Climbing Magazine, more than 70 percent of the world’s supply comes from mines in China. The Chinese government has strengthened laws around mining to reduce its environmental impact and proposed remediation. The environmental impact of rock climbing in general isn’t well known. However, responsibility is mostly left to climbers. Colored chalk that blends into rocks is one way to mitigate visual pollution, but it doesn’t prevent environmental damage. Most colored chalks contain magnesium carbonate along with other ingredients or another way is to use some natural options, for example resin or yellow pollen. Aside from natural options, the most radical idea of all may be to skip gripping aids altogether.

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The Olympics’ turbulent history in times of global crisis

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The Olympics’ turbulent history in times of global crisis

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Key words:
Olympic games, eruption, war, boycott, pandemic, 40 Years

This article reports all the global crisis that the Olympics’ history has faced since 1904. In fact, the coronavirus pandemic isn’t the first global crisis the international Olympics Committee has been dealing with. In 1908 the eruption of mount Vesuvian caused the shift of the seat of the games from Rome to London. Then in 1914 cause of the I World War the Committee had to move the games from Berlin to New York, a more neutral seat. But the most important issue was that there weren’t enough men to compete in the games, consequently they were cancelled. Later in 1936 the rise of Adolf Hitler impeded the organization of the Olympics games, because he barred Jewish athletes from competing. So, the Olympics was postponed to 1940 in Finland, but, cause of the Soviet Union’s invasion, they were cancelled, again. In addition, before the Moscow 1980 Olympics, United States led a Boycott to protest in favour of Afghanistan that was invaded by Soviet Union. Finally in early march 2020 Japan prospected to cancel the Olympics due to the coronavirus pandemic crisis. It’s interesting how these problems happen approximately every 40 Years. It would mean something or it’s just a coincidence?

by Anna Morabito

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Tokyo officials have announced that the 2020 Summer Olympics will be postponed by a year in the face of mounting fears over the coronavirus pandemic.

This is the first major disruption the modern Olympic Games have faced since 1944-and only world wars have ever brought the Olympic Games to such a standstill. But the global event is no stranger to turmoil: It has been subject to boycotts, bans, and even volcanic eruptions throughout its history.

Mount Vesuvius forces a relocation

In 1904, Rome won out over cities like Berlin and Turin to host the 1908 Olympic Games. But two years into preparations for the event, disaster struck: Mount Vesuvius erupted, causing serious destruction in the cities near the base of the volcano and paralyzing the city of Naples. Overwhelmed by the cost of recovery, Italy had to give up its Olympic bid.

But even that volcanic eruption couldn't cancel the Olympics. International Olympic Committee officials instead turned to London to host-giving the city just 10 months to prepare. The British Olympics Association made the most of that time and even managed to build a brand new stadium, which was the first ever to be built especially for the Games.

Europe goes to war

When World War I broke out in July 1914, Berlin was already well into its preparations to host the 1916 Olympics. It, too, built a new stadium, one that had been inaugurated with a parade before Kaiser Wilhelm II, the German emperor and king of Prussia.

With most of Europe at war, officials considered moving the 1916 Olympics to more neutral territory like the United States, which hadn't yet entered the war. But this time around the question wasn't just where to host the Games, but whether there would be enough men to compete in them. In December 1914 the New York Times reported that the Games would "in all probability have to be abandoned as a result of the war." Ultimately, the 1916 Games were canceled.

In 1920, the Olympic Games resumed in Antwerp, Belgium. Doves were released at the opening ceremony as a symbol of peace, and competitors took the Olympic oath for the first time. For the next two decades, the Games carried on as usual and even expanded with the launch of the first Winter Olympics in 1924.

Nazi boycotts and World War II

The International Olympic Committee awarded Berlin hosting honors for the 1936 Olympics, symbolizing its return to the international community after its defeat in World War I. But the rise of Adolf Hitler and the barring of Jewish athletes from competing outraged many. Movements to boycott the 1936 Olympics spread in the U.S., Great Britain, France, Sweden, and beyond.

Though the Games still went on that year-marred by racist propaganda -they would be the last for more than a decade owing to the outbreak of World War II.

In 1940 Japan was slated to host both the summer Games, in Tokyo, and the winter Games in Sapporo. But after war with China erupted in 1937-and as other nations threatened to boycott in response-Japan forfeited its right to host, citing the rising costs of war, as well as floods in Tokyo, Yokohama, and Kobe.

Olympics officials once again deliberated moving the events to Finland and Germany, ultimately reassigning them to Helsinki. But by 1940, the Soviet Union had invaded Finland and the Games were off. War engulfed the world until 1945, forcing officials to cancel the 1944 Summer Games in London and Winter Games in Cortina d'Ampezzo in northern Italy.

Boycotts

Throughout its history, nations have occasionally boycotted-or been barred from participating-in the Olympic Games. In 1964, South Africa was banned from the Olympics due to its racist apartheid regime. In 1976, Denver backed out of hosting the Olympics after Colorado voters signaled they didn't want to pay for the undertaking.

Most famously in recent history, though, the United States led a boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympics to protest the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan. Sixty-six countries joined the boycott, including Japan, Canada, and West Germany. Four years later, the Soviet Union turned the tables and led a 14-country boycott of the 1984 Olympics held in Los Angeles in retaliation for the 1980 boycott.

Tokyo and the 40-year curse

But while the Olympics may have survived decades of boycotts and bans, some believe that they're cursed-particularly whenever Japan is set to host. In early March 2020, Japan's finance minister Taro Aso bemoaned the looming prospect of canceling the Olympics due to the coronavirus pandemic.

"It's a problem that's happened every 40 years-it's the cursed Olympics-and that's a fact," he said, pointing to the canceled Olympics of 1940 and the U.S.-led boycott of 1980.

If there is an Olympics curse, Japan would know. While Tokyo did ultimately host the 1964 Olympics, that year was marred, too: North Korea, China, and Indonesia boycotted the event after the IOC refused to allow some of their athletes to participate.It was also the first year that South Africa was banned from the Olympics over apartheid.

In spite of its star-crossed history, Japan-which has spent more than $10 billion preparing for this year's Olympics-signaled its intent to reschedule the event for sometime in 2021. Perhaps by then the 40-year curse will no longer apply.

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The Olympics' turbulent history in times of global crisis

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Tokyo officials have announced that the 2020 Summer Olympics will be postponed by a year in the face of mounting fears over the coronavirus pandemic. This is the first major disruption the modern Olympic Games have faced since 1944-and only world wars have ever brought the Olympic Games to such a standstill.

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Apache youth reclaim their story through skateboarding

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Apache youth reclaim their story through skateboarding

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Key Worlds: future, planet, artist, skateboard

The chosen article talks about a group "Apache Skateboards", which have a broad look at the future of the world, especially for us young people. I chose this article because the issues are very close to my heart and I hope it is so for many young people like me. Miles who is the founder and spokesperson left his statements in the article about the future of our planet and how it depends only on us. According to his experience he has chosen to get involved not only thinking about himself but also about the future and explains how according to him and according to his group there are ways to live life better, helping those in need and being with the people who make happier we. His main goal is to make a group of young people grow in the best possible way, with all the difficulties that you may have. he helps children on the street and defines himself as an artist by helping them and being with them, he helps them learn to skate and makes other engaging proposals.

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Rwadan orphans find hope in innovative Youth village 

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Rwadan orphans find hope in innovative Youth village 

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Viking ‘amulet factory’ discovery forces rethink of enigmatic artifacts

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Viking ‘amulet factory’ discovery forces rethink of enigmatic artifacts

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Key words Amulets, viking, Valkyries, weapons, Archeologists, discussions and debates about gender and identity.

abstract
Today I would like to talk about a viking “amulet factory” discovery. In August 2021, in fact some mysterious, ancient female figurines have been found all over Denmark and as far afield as England and Russia. This figurines are very small and they date back more than thousand years, to the height of the Viking age. The researchers notice that the woman represented in amulets are armed by shields and swords. This is so important because generally Viking women weren’t buried with weapons. So they, searching very well, discover that the armed figurines represented Valkyries.

What is the function of these amulets?

During the excavations, amulets depicting men were also found, and various assumptions about their functions begin. The most likely is the once of Sarah Croix, an Aarhus University archaeologist. She says that: “What the pendants are showing is ambiguity, in fact you have female individuals bearing weapons, and a male pulling his hair, which is a female gesture.”

With this hypothesis Croix shows that todays discussions and debates about gender and identity are nothing new. She says: “It’s an important reminder that we can’t assume ideas about gender roles are fixed or permanent, male and female roles have been changing and differ from one culture to another.”

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Mysterious, ancient female figurines have been found by the dozens all over Denmark, and as far afield as England and Russia: inch-long bronze depictions of long-haired women, often wearing crested helmets and long dresses, and armed with shields and swords. The small amulets date back more than a thousand years, to the height of the Viking Age.

But because Viking women weren't typically buried with weapons-unlike their male counterparts-researchers reached into sagas and mythology to explain the armed female figurines and concluded that they represented Valkyries, the mythical warrior women ancient Scandinavians thought were responsible for transporting slain warriors to the afterlife.

"The images had always been understood in terms of what we know of Norse mythology," says Pieterjan Deckers, an archaeologist at the Free University of Brussels.

In a paper published today in the journal Medieval Archaeology, however, Deckers and his co-authors argue that the "Valkyrie" pendants represent actual women who played a central role in Viking festivals or ceremonies. Furthermore, they propose the armed female figurines are part of a larger set of ritual objects that suggest gender roles in Viking-era Europe may have been more complex than previously thought.

Viking 'assembly line'

The key to the latest research was the 2017 discovery of what seemed to be a jewelry workshop dating back to the early ninth century-near the dawn of the Viking Age-at a trading outpost called Ribe on Denmark's western coast.

Archaeologists from Aarhus University found over 7,000 fingernail-size clay fragments in and around the small workshop. Painstakingly piecing the fragments together, the team realized they had evidence of a Viking-era assembly line: Artisans would carve a single figurine, then press each side into clay to make two-sided molds. Melted bronze was poured into the clay molds, which were broken and discarded after the metal cooled.

"Using one model, you can make hundreds of [figurine] copies," says Soeren Sindbaek, an archaeologist at Aarhus University and co-author of the study.

To figure out what sort of objects the workshop was casting, researchers used scanners originally designed for dental implants to create 3D computer models of the shattered clay molds, then digitally reassembled the pieces. With a copy of the mold, they could then reconstruct the amulets they produced.

"They're creating an image of an artifact that does not actually exist out of scattered puzzle pieces," says National Museum of Denmark archaeologist Leszek Gardela, who was not involved with the research. "It's quite innovative."

Ritual warriors

One of the reconstructed molds was for mass-producing the familiar "Valkyrie" pendants. But the more molds the researchers reassembled, the more they began to doubt the idea that the figurines represented mythical Valkyries: The workshop was churning out not just figurines of women carrying weapons and shields, but also depictions of men tugging their hair as well as other, more everyday objects, including wheels, horses, and other non-mythological imagery.

All of the figurine examples produced at the Ribe factory can also be found on one of the rare visual representations that has survived from the Viking Age: Known as the Oseberg Tapestry, the 1,200-year-old embroidered cloth depicts a ritual procession involving wheeled carts, horses, women carrying weapons, and people wearing horned helmets or animal costumes. Many of the tapestry's images are a match for the Ribe molds.

"I'm sure this is what the small amulets are showing," says Sindbaek. "We've got exactly the same range."

Taken as a set, the amulets manufactured at Ribe might provide a new look into a ceremony that had special meaning for people in Viking Age Scandinavia. "Women were really prominent in these rituals," Sindbaek says. "Of course they would be-in the home setting, they were central characters."

What the "Valkyrie" figurines and scenes from the Oseberg tapestry don't depict, Sindbaek says, are women who served as warriors in real life. Although women were known to fight in the Viking Age, and women were very occasionally buried with swords and other weapons, the design of the female figurines from Ribe and elsewhere suggests something else is going on: The woman are depicted holding shields and swords, but also wearing antiquated helmets and long dresses.

"It's not showing us combat-you couldn't go into battle in a dress with a long train," Sindbaek says. "Female warriors were a thing, but that's not what they're showing us in these amulets."

Instead, the researchers say, the amulets may depict a space where traditional Viking gender roles melted away. "What the pendants are showing is ambiguity," says Aarhus University archaeologist Sarah Croix, a co-author of the paper. "You have female individuals bearing weapons, and a male pulling his hair, which is a female gesture."

Colleagues say that's a refreshing change from some recent scholarship that narrowly focuses on warrior women in the Viking Age. "They steer away from a simplistic interpretation of women and weapons, where they're all Valkyries and warriors, and argue for something else," Gardela says. "It's good to remember there's no one fixed way of interpreting this material."

For Croix, who spent a decade working at Ribe and masterminded the scanning and 3D reconstruction of the clay fragments, the pendants add a layer of complexity to our view of the Viking era-and show that today's discussions and debates about gender and identity are nothing new.

"It's an important reminder that we can't assume ideas about gender roles are fixed or permanent," Croix says. "Male and female roles have been changing and differ from one culture to another."

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Viking 'amulet factory' discovery forces rethink of enigmatic artifacts

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Mysterious, ancient female figurines have been found by the dozens all over Denmark, and as far afield as England and Russia: inch-long bronze depictions of long-haired women, often wearing crested helmets and long dresses, and armed with shields and swords. The small amulets date back more than a thousand years, to the height of the Viking Age.

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Key words: tuned upside-down, racial reckoning, facing

Travel during last year became impossible because the world was turned upside-down by global pandemic, racial reckoning and climate changing. However BBC travel hopes and believes that 2021 will be different. The purpose of this article in fact is to make people fall in love with world again, and BBC travel try to do that asking to different people: “Why do you love the world ?”.

50 people of different country and culture answer this question talking about their personal experience.

Among fifth testimonials there’s one that summarize all of them. The testimony  of Isabella Allende. This woman said that she love the world because despite the pandemic and the difficulties that the world is facing she wake up every morning between her husband and her two dogs and she understood that the only important thing in the world is love and consequently loving the world.

All people have told different things but in all of them there’s the desire of travel and fall in love again with the world and its differences.
By Carolina Paletti

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How Native American Youth Are Reviving Tribal Bonds

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How Native American Youth Are Reviving Tribal Bonds

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Do you know what is like being part of a Native American clan nowadays? Well in this article is addressed this topic. In fact, some specialists decided to ask some young Native Americans, part of the Crow clan, some simple questions: “What is your clan? What is your Indian name? Who named you?”. Those questions were meant to awaken something in the students and make them remember their origins. In addiction this essay deals with the fact that the American tribes are slowly disappearing because of what is called a “pop culture” phenomenon. For this reason, the specialists proposed a photography camp in which the participants had to answer a simple question: “Can photography be used to help revive the idea of the Crow clan system among its youth?”. With this very challenging project, the kids were encouraged to find out more about where they come from, but in a much more fun and interesting way, that can get to fascinate many more people.

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Partially-shredded Banksy back under the hammer at Sotheby's

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Partially-shredded Banksy back under the hammer at Sotheby's

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Bansky’s most famous painting “girl whit balloon” self-distracted in London in 2018 right after the auction.  The painting is re-titled “love is in the Bin” and in the new auction the prices from win 1,1 million its between  4 and 6 million.  In the frame there is a secret shredder that divide the bottom part of the canvas tatters. At the beginning “girl whit balloon” was stenciled  on wall however it is reproduce as paintings  and also in 2017 the painting was voted the nation’s favorite artwork.  This anti-establishment affirmation is the most recent of many that the anonymous artist made in his career.
Lucia Liuzzi

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Fernando Alonso extends contract with Alpine

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Fernando Alonso extends contract with Alpine

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Fernando Alonso, who’s one of the best drivers in the history of Formula 1, has extended his contract with the French team Alpine. The spaniard driver turned 40 last month, but despite this he’s still competitive in the sport, in which he won two World Championships in 2005 and 2006. In 2021 he struggled in the first races of the championship, but after four races he improved his pace and speed, achieving points in every race. At the Hungarian Grand Prix he managed to convince Alpine to keep him with the team for the year 2022 as well. In the crazy race of Budapest, Alonso was in fourth position, and he managed to keep behind him drivers that were much faster than him, especially Hamilton, and defend his teammate Esteban Ocon. Thanks to him Ocon won the first race of his career and of Alpine’s history.

Keywords: to struggle, pace, speed, to improve, to achieve

Alessandro Alberti

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The bombing of Hamburg foreshadowed the horrors of Hiroshima

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The bombing of Hamburg foreshadowed the horrors of Hiroshima

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this article is about the Gomorrah operation. as one of the many vicissitudes during the Second World War, it caused many deaths, perhaps useless as we will see later. this operation consists of a series of aerial bombardments which took place between 24 and 28 July 1943 in Hamburg, the most important of the ports of Nazi Germany. due to the absence of wind and humidity, the fire caused by the various fires generated a firestorm which certainly increased the disasters that occurred in those days. at the end of the article is reported the opinion of a scholar regarding the dead of those terrible days, noting that they were absolutely useless as they are certainly not to stop the desire for German victory against the English and American alliance. “After Operation Gomorrah, the Nazis doubled down on their military objectives even as civilians suffered.”

another harm that this operation did is that it was involuntarily an example, in the following years, of the destruction of Nagasaki and Hiroshima in 1945.

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Your kids wants to be social. science says they need to be

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Your kids wants to be social. science says they need to be

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This article talks about the situation of the kids during the pandemic. Science says that our kids need to be social, and this in spring 2020 was impossible because of the pandemic. Humans have evolved to need each other since ancient times, and so the kids need each other too, rather kids need each other more than adults because they are growing up. The pandemic and the social isolation are hard on kids. Interacting with others allows the kids to learn new behaviours, inspires their curiosity and creativity and give them a chance to discover who they are. the teachers have tried in every way to entertain the children: online lessons, games, draw activities, talks and many other things, but it is absolutely not the same thing.

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Key words: Football, Chelsea, Villareal, European Supercup, Lukaku

Chelsea, that won Champions League in May against M. City, won even European Supercup against Villareal, that won Europa League against M. Utd, after penalty shootout, whith a big save from his goalkeeper, Kepa, who dived low to his right to save from Raul Albiol penalty.
Chelsea scored at 27th minute with Hakim Ziyech assisted by Havert; Villareal equalised with Gerard Moreno after a poor clerance out of defence by Kurt Zouma.
Chelsea dominated all the first half but after the goal, Ziyech went out off the pitch after clashing with Juan Foyth.
During thi time furthermore Marina Granovskaia, sport director of Blues are at work to re-sign belgian striker Romelu Lukaku who plays in Milan for Inter team, for the club record fee of 100 millions pounds

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How children are effected by gender issues

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How children are effected by gender issues

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The article exposes the results of a National Geographic’s study that has been done on children from around the world, about the gender discrimination in childhood.

The article says that already from nine years old, all around the world, children know the differences between girls and boys and they feel the gender discrimination. Girls in Kenya know that probably they will be married just for a dowry and otherwise boys know that when they will grow up, they will be pressured to sexually harass girls in street.

Girls and boys say that they are proud of their gender but despite this, they hate that there are some activities that only boys or girls can do that the other gender isn’t supposed to do: girls aren’t supposed to like computers, to ride scooter or to play in some dangerous street, boys can’t play with “games for girls” (for example a jump rope) and they’re not supposed to be calm and quiet.

This article also exposes the dreams of children and what they want to do when they'll grow up: in Canada a boy says that he plans a future as “a banker or a computer, like, genius guy.”; a girl wants to be a police officer but she says that almost all police officers are men, so she can’t do that; in Pennsylvania a journalist girl rides around her neighborhood on her bike searching for news, suspecting that a boy journalist may “get more information from the police”.

Keywords: discrimination, gender, society’s pressure, expectations, children.

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They're only 9 years old, but these girls and boys from around the world offer keen insight into how gender shapes destiny.

If you want candid answers about how gender shapes destiny, ask the world's nine-year-olds.

At nine, a girl in Kenya already knows that her parents will marry her off for a dowry, to a man who may beat her. At nine, a boy in India already knows he'll be pressured by male pals to sexually harass women in the street.

At nine, youngsters from China to Canada and Kenya to Brazil describe big dreams for future careers-but the boys don't see their gender as an impediment, while the girls, all too frequently, do.

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International Day of the Girl 2018: How Gender Affects Boys and Girls

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They're only 9 years old, but these girls and boys from around the world offer keen insight into how gender shapes destiny. If you want candid answers about how gender shapes destiny, ask the world's nine-year-olds. At nine, a girl in Kenya already knows that her parents will marry her off for a dowry, to a man who may beat her.

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Assam-Mizoram clash: Why are Indian policemen firing at each other?

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Assam-Mizoram clash: Why are Indian policemen firing at each other?

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KEY WORDS: unusual incident, violence, problem, India's independence

The article talk about the war between Assam and Mizoram. Assam is a state of India and is bordered to the north-east by Arunachal Pradesh, to nord-ove by Bhutan, to east by Nagaland and Manipur, to south by Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya and to ove by Bengala Occidentale. Mizoram was a small part of Assam but in 1987, it became a fully-fledged state. Mizoram has accused Assam of mobilising police along the border, and has asked the federal governement to intervene. The violence follows months of tensions over a long-running border dispute. The federal Government has been trying to mediate a truce between the states since 1994. The problem was that the forested area is contested at several points, with both Assam and Mizoram accusing each other of encroaching on their land and so the first row broke out in 1994 and the sporadic clashes have continued. Tensions escalated to an unprecedented level in October 2020 when residents of Assam and Mizoram clashed twice a week. Assam's chief minister, Himanta Biswa Sarma, Announced on Twitter that members of the state police were killed by Mizoram forces but authorities in Mizoram denied this. So on Monday, Mr Shah reportedly spoke to Mr Zoramthanga and Mr Sarma, and urged them to find an "amicable solution".

by Emanuele Poretti