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Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

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MAX 1150 980 700 490

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Newsela | Primary Sources: The Constitution of the United States of America

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Newsela | Sport events have a way of sparking anthem anger and questions of respect

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Giving the national anthem a little R-E-S-P-E-C-T.

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Newsela | Serena Williams sheds cape, finds form once again at U.S. Open

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Serena Williams plays her U.S. Open matches to roaring crowds in New York.

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https://newsela.com/read/lib-Great-Depression-global-event/id/53379/

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Newsela | The Great Depression as a global event

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The Great Depression was felt around the world.

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https://newsela.com/read/ian-rescue-volunteers/id/2001032959/

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Newsela | By boat and jet ski, volunteers assist in Hurricane Ian rescue efforts in Florida

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Volunteers help those stranded by Hurricane Ian

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Max, 1220L, 1070L, 850, 580
https://newsela.com/read/lib-overview-mixed-economy/id/55621/

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The United States is considered to be a mixed economy because privately owned businesses and the government both play important roles.

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https://newsela.com/read/elem-miy-ocean-dessert/id/30025/

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Newsela - Make It Yourself: An ocean ecosystem dessert

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The community of organisms, or living things, in the ocean is called an ecosystem.

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Newsela | Famous Speeches: Herbert Hoover on "rugged individualism" (1928)

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While on the campaign trail for president in 1928, Herbert Hoover expressed his belief that the American system was based on "rugged individualism" and "self-reliance."

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https://newsela.com/read/primary-source-child-laborer-1832/id/2001008089/

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Newsela | Primary Sources: Interview with former child laborer in the Industrial Revolution

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Former child laborer Michael Crabtree discusses the harsh conditions under which he worked

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Peter

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Newsela | Jaguar release is a step to saving the species in Argentina

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A jaguar breeding program in Argentina is reintroducing the large cats to life in Gran Iberá Park.

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https://newsela.com/read/student-perspectives-snapchat-free-speech/id/2001021551/

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Newsela | Student perspectives: First Amendment rights in school

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Students speak out on to what degree social media use can or can't be controlled by the schools they attend, based on their understanding of First Amendment rights.

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1160L

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

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Max
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Newsela | The United States presidential election of 1932

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Against the backdrop of the Great Depression, New York Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt defeated Herbert Hoover to become the 32nd president of the United States

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1180 L

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Newsela | Primary Sources: The Constitution of the United States of America

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Newsela | The barrier-breaking power of learning someone else's story

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Narrative 4, an organization that aims to build empathy in people through storytelling, is reaching teens around the world.

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Newsela | "Into the Wild" bus likely lands a home at Fairbanks museum

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Some of the earliest Halloween traditions involved fairies.

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Max, 1050L, 930L, 790L, 570L

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Newsela | The 1932 Bonus Army march on D.C.

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In 1932, thousands of World War I veterans descended on Washington, D.C., to demand payment for their military service. The Army violently expelled them from the city.

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.body
900L

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | The Great Depression as a global event

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
The Great Depression was felt around the world.

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https://newsela.com/read/natgeo-food-web/id/48700/

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Newsela | Consume or be consumed: breaking down the structure of a food web

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A food web is a series of interconnected food chains, and an imbalance in any of the chains could disrupt an entire ecosystem

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https://newsela.com/read/primary-source-civil-rights-act/id/18336/

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Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Primary Sources: Chicago Defender supports the Great Migration

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela - Freedom of religion in the New World

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Colonists fled to the New World to escape religious persecution that was spreading in Europe.

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880L

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Records of 320,000 Punjab soldiers from World War I uncovered

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Military files of Indian troops left unread for 97 years in a Pakistan museum go online.

# data[].attributes.body
https://newsela.com/read/fat-bear-week-conservation/id/2001032989/

490L
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Max

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Newsela | Alaska's Fat Bear Week proves conservation can be joyful

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If you love bears you'll love bear-watching in Alaska every October where you can cheer for your favorite fat bear.

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Max

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.body
Max

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Newsela - “The Tyger”: A poem by William Blake

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William Blake wonders what kind of creator could make a creature as fierce as the tiger

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Newsela | Primary Sources: The Constitution, Amendments 11-27

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A look at the 17 amendments that, together with the Bill of Rights, make up the U.S. Constitution.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Lego-like way to snap molecules together wins Nobel Prize in chemistry

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Nobel Prize winners pioneer "click chemistry"

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | The barrier-breaking power of learning someone else's story

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Narrative 4, an organization that aims to build empathy in people through storytelling, is reaching teens around the world.

# data[].attributes.body
https://newsela.com/read/lib-dust-bowl-depression/id/28666/

1060L
930L
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Newsela | Farming and the Dust Bowl During the Great Depression

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The U.S. government took action to help farms during the Great Depression.

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https://newsela.com/read/natgeo-non-renewable-resources/id/2000002214/

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Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.body
https://newsela.com/read/primary-source-black-death/id/28036/

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Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.body
570L

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Records of 320,000 Punjab soldiers from World War I uncovered

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Military files of Indian troops left unread for 97 years in a Pakistan museum go online.

# data[].attributes.body
1030L

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Records of 320,000 Punjab soldiers from World War I uncovered

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Military files of Indian troops left unread for 97 years in a Pakistan museum go online.

# data[].attributes.body
1170L

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Records of 320,000 Punjab soldiers from World War I uncovered

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Military files of Indian troops left unread for 97 years in a Pakistan museum go online.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | The Asian American women who fought to make their mark in World War II

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Despite facing barriers arising from racism and sexism, Asian American women managed to aid America's war effort in a wide variety of ways.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Jaguar release is a step to saving the species in Argentina

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
A jaguar breeding program in Argentina is reintroducing the large cats to life in Gran Iberá Park.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Ellen Ochoa: first Latina in space and former director of Johnson Space Center

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Astronauts are an exclusive club. Learn about the only Latina member.

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Florence

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Newsela | Prehistoric Times: A Stone Age Family

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Chances are you would not want to date a Neanderthal.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Sanders edges Buttigieg in New Hampshire primary

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Florence

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Newsela | House passes bill to restore key parts of Voting Rights Act

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The House of Representatives approved a bill on December 6, 2019, that would bring back important parts of the 1965 Voting Rights Act.

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If you have little or no science background, you should consider taking Life and Physical Sciences A (LPS A) in the fall. You should take the on-line chemistry and biology placement exams for course recommendations. Based on the results of the placement exams, you will receive a recommendation for your fall course.

Both LS 1a and LPS A are offered in the fall and are introductory courses in biology and chemistry. LS 1a integrates chemical and biological principles throughout the semester, and also applies these concepts to larger biological problems such as HIV and cancer. LPS A is aimed at students who, based on their background in chemistry or biology, require additional preparation before taking further science courses at Harvard. In LPS A, the first half of the semester is devoted to a study of general chemistry, and the second half of the semester explores molecular and...

Read more about What is the difference between LS 1a and LPS A?

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If I have little or no science background, what class should I take?

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If you have little or no science background, you should consider taking Life and Physical Sciences A (LPS A) in the fall. You should take the on-line chemistry and biology placement exams for course recommendations. Based on the results of the placement exams, you will receive a recommendation for your fall course.

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Florence

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Florence

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Newsela | Primary Sources: Brown v. Board of Education

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Florence

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Newsela - Learning Shakespeare and writing sonnets in youth prison

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Chicago program for youth prisons teaches young people Shakespeare.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela - “The Raven”: A poem by Edgar Allan Poe

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It’s crazy how all this happened in about a week or less!

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Newsela | Hurricane Ian lashes Florida, leaves heavy damage, millions without power

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Florida, federal officials scramble to help those in need across the state.

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https://newsela.com/read/BHP-WH-83-She-blinded-me-with-science/id/7434/

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https://newsela.com/read/primary-source-billofrights/id/18275/

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Newsela | Primary Sources: The Bill of Rights

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https://newsela.com/read/read-space-letters/id/2001025933/

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Newsela | Want to improve your reading skills? You might just need more space

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Students with and without dyslexia read better when letters have extra spacing between them.

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https://newsela.com/read/pumpkin-breaks-record/id/2001032945/

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Monster 2,554-pound pumpkin breaks U.S. record

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No Science this semester

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https://newsela.com/read/what-is-redistricting/id/2001031563/

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Newsela | Midterm elections: Here's what you need to know about redistricting

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Redistricting is supposed to make every vote equal, but it doesn't always work that way.

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https://newsela.com/read/lib-ushistory-harlem-renaissance/id/27287/

English MAX

English 950L

English 810L

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English 590English MAX

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https://newsela.com/read/periodictable-elements/id/13999/

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Newsela | Chemistry group offers seat at periodic table to 4 new elements

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https://newsela.com/read/primary-source-charles-ball/id/2001016240/

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Newsela | Primary Sources: The separation of Charles Ball's family

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https://newsela.com/read/regional-words-oxford-english-dictionary/id/44470/

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Newsela - Oxford Dictionary to add local phrases from English-speaking countries

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https://newsela.com/read/lib-writing-argumentative-essay/id/38646/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.body
https://newsela.com/read/mars-rover-helicoptor-lands/id/2001018759/

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Newsela | New NASA rover lands on Mars with a helicopter

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A new type of rover heads to the red planet to collect information on microbes.

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Newsela | Primary Sources: The Constitution of the United States of America

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Newsela | From Alchemy to Chemistry: The Origins of Today's Science

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Many of the earliest chemists, physicians, and philosophers were also alchemists.

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Newsela | Ancient Greece: Art and architecture

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English max
English 1180L
English 1060L
English 840L
English 590L

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Newsela | Instructional Content Platform

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | How video games are teaching the world to speak English

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Increasingly, video game players are finding that along with their high scores and world-building, they are also acquiring new language skills.

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Newsela | Geology of the deep: the ecosystems created by volcanoes

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Submarine volcanoes form islands around the world. Eruptions and lava flow of submarine volcanoes allow volcanic islands to grow and develop thriving ecosystems.

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FDR had great confidence in his New Deal, but his critics claimed the president abused his power.

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Recent Articles - The Journal of Social Studies Research - Journal - Elsevier

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The Journal of Social Studies Research (JSSR) is an internationally recognized peer-reviewed journal designed to foster the dissemination of ideas and researc...

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Newsela - Primary Sources: Plessy v. Ferguson

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Majority rule in favor of “separate but equal” segregated facilities

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Science News features daily news articles, feature stories, reviews and more in all disciplines of science, as well as Science News magazine archives back to 1924.

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Newsela | Trump's threats draw Iran's cultural sites into tensions

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President Trump threatened to attack Iran's cultural sites.

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Frncn

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Newsela | Pioneering black female comic artist to be honored in Hall of Fame

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How Did the Black Plague Start?

Even before the "death ships" pulled into port at Messina, many Europeans had heard rumors about a "Great Pestilence" that was carving a deadly path across the trade routes of the Near and Far East. Indeed, in the early 1340s, the disease had struck China, India, Persia, Syria and Egypt.

The plague is thought to have originated in Asia over 2,000 years ago and was likely spread by trading ships, though recent research has indicated the pathogen responsible for the Black Death may have existed in Europe as early as 3000 B.C.

Symptoms of the Black Plague

Europeans were scarcely equipped for the horrible reality of the Black Death. "In men and women alike," the Italian poet Giovanni Boccaccio wrote, "at the beginning of the malady, certain swellings, either on the groin or under the armpits...waxed to the bigness of a common apple, others to the size of an egg, some more and some less, and these the vulgar named plague-boils."

Blood and pus seeped out of these strange swellings, which were followed by a host of other unpleasant symptoms-fever, chills, vomiting, diarrhea, terrible aches and pains-and then, in short order, death.

The Bubonic Plague attacks the lymphatic system, causing swelling in the lymph nodes. If untreated, the infection can spread to the blood or lungs.

How Did the Black Death Spread?

The Black Death was terrifyingly, indiscriminately contagious: "the mere touching of the clothes," wrote Boccaccio, "appeared to itself to communicate the malady to the toucher." The disease was also terrifyingly efficient. People who were perfectly healthy when they went to bed at night could be dead by morning.

Did you know? Many scholars think that the nursery rhyme "Ring around the Rosy" was written about the symptoms of the Black Death.

Understanding the Black Death

Today, scientists understand that the Black Death, now known as the plague, is spread by a bacillus called Yersinia pestis. (The French biologist Alexandre Yersin discovered this germ at the end of the 19th century.)

They know that the bacillus travels from person to person through the air, as well as through the bite of infected fleas and rats. Both of these pests could be found almost everywhere in medieval Europe, but they were particularly at home aboard ships of all kinds-which is how the deadly plague made its way through one European port city after another.

Not long after it struck Messina, the Black Death spread to the port of Marseilles in France and the port of Tunis in North Africa. Then it reached Rome and Florence, two cities at the center of an elaborate web of trade routes. By the middle of 1348, the Black Death had struck Paris, Bordeaux, Lyon and London.

Today, this grim sequence of events is terrifying but comprehensible. In the middle of the 14th century, however, there seemed to be no rational explanation for it.

No one knew exactly how the Black Death was transmitted from one patient to another, and no one knew how to prevent or treat it. According to one doctor, for example, "instantaneous death occurs when the aerial spirit escaping from the eyes of the sick man strikes the healthy person standing near and looking at the sick."

How Do You Treat the Black Death?

Physicians relied on crude and unsophisticated techniques such as bloodletting and boil-lancing (practices that were dangerous as well as unsanitary) and superstitious practices such as burning aromatic herbs and bathing in rosewater or vinegar.

Meanwhile, in a panic, healthy people did all they could to avoid the sick. Doctors refused to see patients; priests refused to administer last rites; and shopkeepers closed their stores. Many people fled the cities for the countryside, but even there they could not escape the disease: It affected cows, sheep, goats, pigs and chickens as well as people.

In fact, so many sheep died that one of the consequences of the Black Death was a European wool shortage. And many people, desperate to save themselves, even abandoned their sick and dying loved ones. "Thus doing," Boccaccio wrote, "each thought to secure immunity for himself."

Black Plague: God's Punishment?

Because they did not understand the biology of the disease, many people believed that the Black Death was a kind of divine punishment-retribution for sins against God such as greed, blasphemy, heresy, fornication and worldliness.

By this logic, the only way to overcome the plague was to win God's forgiveness. Some people believed that the way to do this was to purge their communities of heretics and other troublemakers-so, for example, many thousands of Jews were massacred in 1348 and 1349. (Thousands more fled to the sparsely populated regions of Eastern Europe, where they could be relatively safe from the rampaging mobs in the cities.)

Some people coped with the terror and uncertainty of the Black Death epidemic by lashing out at their neighbors; others coped by turning inward and fretting about the condition of their own souls.

Flagellants

Some upper-class men joined processions of flagellants that traveled from town to town and engaged in public displays of penance and punishment: They would beat themselves and one another with heavy leather straps studded with sharp pieces of metal while the townspeople looked on. For 33 1/2 days, the flagellants repeated this ritual three times a day. Then they would move on to the next town and begin the process over again.

Though the flagellant movement did provide some comfort to people who felt powerless in the face of inexplicable tragedy, it soon began to worry the Pope, whose authority the flagellants had begun to usurp. In the face of this papal resistance, the movement disintegrated.

How Did the Black Death End?

The plague never really ended and it returned with a vengeance years later. But officials in the port city of Ragusa were able to slow its spread by keeping arriving sailors in isolation until it was clear they were not carrying the disease-creating social distancing that relied on isolation to slow the spread of the disease.

The sailors were initially held on their ships for 30 days (a trentino), a period that was later increased to 40 days, or a quarantine- the origin of the term "quarantine" and a practice still used today.

Does the Black Plague Still Exist?

The Black Death epidemic had run its course by the early 1350s, but the plague reappeared every few generations for centuries. Modern sanitation and public-health practices have greatly mitigated the impact of the disease but have not eliminated it. While antibiotics are available to treat the Black Death, according to The World Health Organization, there are still 1,000 to 3,000 cases of plague every year.
Gallery: Pandemics That Changed History

Fact Check

We strive for accuracy and fairness. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate.

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The Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s. Explore the facts of the plague, the symptoms it caused and how millions died from it.

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Newsela - Primary Sources: The Declaration of Independence

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Newsela | Supreme Court rules genes found in human body cannot be patented

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In a unanimous decision, the Court said there was a difference between genes found in the body and genes created in the lab. The ruling affects the multibillion-dollar drug and biotech industries.

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Monster 2,554-pound pumpkin breaks U.S. record

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Newsela - “The Raven”: A poem by Edgar Allan Poe

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Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela - Primary Sources: The Black Death, 1348

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The Black Death spread from India to Ireland in the 1300s and killed millions of people

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Newsela | Ellen Ochoa: first Latina in space and former director of Johnson Space Center

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Astronauts are an exclusive club. Learn about the only Latina member.

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Newsela | Science program for girls sparks controversy

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Carnegie Science Center has had to defend its "Science With a Sparkle" program after online criticism called it "shameful." Boy programs include robotics and engineering, why not the girls?

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Newsela | Radio Fever and the Start of a U.S. Consumer Economy in the 1920s

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In the 1920s, the radio quickly became a venue for manufacturers to advertise their hot new gadgets and appliances.

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https://newsela.com/read/lib-plant-biotic-abiotic-stresses/id/53507/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Newsela is an Instructional Content Platform that supercharges reading engagement and learning in every subject.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Newsela | Hurricane Ian lashes Florida, leaves heavy damage, millions without power

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Florida, federal officials scramble to help those in need across the state.