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The Red Scare was an event after WW1 where Americans were scared there would secret communists in Hollywood and throughout America. Many people in the movie/ writing industry were accused or told to accuse others of being a communist. Out of all those individuals, Arthur Miller was accused but stood up for himself and refused to name any of his friends as communists. In result of these events, Arthur Miller wrote the play “The Crucible”. At first, the play did not do well considering people didn’t want to be considered communists if they went and saw it, but down the road the play became one of the nations most famous plays.

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The City Upon a Hill theory is the theory that those who live in the city have others look up to. Puritans believed strongly in this theory after coming to America. They believed after they created their great theocracy, other nations would look towards them for influence. With this great reputation came the witches that threatened said reputation. To uphold this reputation, they tried to deal with the witches and wizards as soon as possible. To the puritans dismay however, they didn’t become the city upon a hill they hoped to be.

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Puritans traveled to America in the 1620's in search for religious salvation and sought to create a powerful theocracy. Puritans were very conservative and would only read gospel books for fun. Anything related to disease, bad fortune, and natural disasters was blamed on The Devil and his evil doings. They also founded many Ivy League schools still around today like Yale, Harvard, and Princeton. Today, some of their views still fester in our culture regarding conservatism.

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Back then, Puritans beliefs were mainly rooted in the Bible and other books like that. The idea of witchcraft started in England since there were self proclaimed witches and wizards among the people and the Puritans believed they followed them into America. This thought was supported by the fact that people would get "random" diseases, naturals disasters would occur, and bad fortune started happening out of nowhere. All the evils were thought to be the Devils work, but the Devil couldn't have done this just by himself, he would have to have recruited witches to do his evil bidding. So, the Puritans believed the witches were behind it all when in reality they just had a hard life considering modern technology and medicine wasn't invented yet.

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The Salem Witch Trials were quite outrageous considering everyone accused was considered guilty. In said trials, teen girls and children would accuse women in the village of possessing witchcraft, claiming these individuals put them under spells that made them act out in hysterics. Those accused would be asked the question, "Are you a witch." Those who said no were hanged for their dishonestly and those who confessed were thrown into jail. There was one specific instance where a man was accused of witchcraft but did not confess nor deny he was a witch. In return the judges pressed the man under stone in order to get the truth out of him, but ended up killing him instead.