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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HNT_B0Aqz1U
(Brief Description of His Life)

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Captain of Industry of Robber Baron (CS)

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Captain of Industry of Robber Baron (CS)

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We believe Rockefeller was a robber baron because the tactics he used to become so successful were not right. Even though he did treat his workers fairly he demanded rebates from the railroad companies. Rebates are discounted rates and he did this to lower the price of his oil to customers which made him more profitable. Rockefeller forced smaller oil companies to surrender their stock to his control and he pretty much owned the whole oil industry. Another primary source we found with the same journalist author explains, "If, as he claimed,
the oil business belonged to him, and if, as he had announced, he was prepared to refine all the oil that men would consume, it followed as a corollary that the markets of the world belonged to him" (Tarbell 1).

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Although Rockefeller had passed away on May 23, 1937, in Ormond Beach Florida, his legacy still lives on today (Biography.com 2).  Rockefeller is widely considered as one of America’s leading businessmen and is credited for helping to shape the US into what it is today. Before his death in 1937, Rockefeller had donated large amounts of his money towards organizations, such as the General Education Board and schools such as the University of Chicago (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica 4). In total, Rockefeller gave away more than $530 million and it is noted that all of these organizations and schools wouldn’t have become what they are today without his acts of generosity. Rockefeller had contributed an entire new way of obtaining energy that had helped for many businesses to thrive and grow. Rockefeller had changed the business industry entirely and he had helped many Americans even still today get jobs (History.com Editors 2).

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It is determined that Rockefeller had treated his employees with fairness and generosity. He believed in paying his employees fair wages and sometimes had handed out bonuses on top of their salaries. However, many critics still believed he gave unfair wages, due to just how rich he was. Before he died, Rockefeller had donated $530 million. It is believed by many that he did this because of the guilt he felt for not justly paying his employees (IAC Publishing 3).

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There had been several scandals and controversies that had been linked with Rockefeller. Rockefeller had been involved in many minor scandals involving his employees wages and his unethical practices that had allowed him to create a powerful monopoly. A primary source we found states, "Mr. Rockefeller . . . secured an alliance with the railroads to drive out rivals. For fifteen years he received rebates of varying amounts on at least the greater part of his shipments, and for at least a portion of that time he collected drawbacks of the oil other people shipped" (Tarbell 2). Although these scandals were fairly important, they were not nearly as big as his violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act, which had been passed by Congress in 1890. This act had been the first federal act passed by Congress that had prohibited monopolistic business practices. Although this act had been passed, the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey owned by Rockefeller seemed to be violating this act. Due to this, in 1911, after years of litigation, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey violated the antitrust laws and they had forced it to dismantle (Ushistory.org 1).

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What was his business and is it still around today? (CS) 

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What was his business and is it still around today? (CS) 

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He had been in the American oil industry and his business had been called the Standard Oil Company. The Standard Oil Company itself is not around today, but partners of the company have emerged. Nowadays, they are a part of the Exxon Mobil Corporation, BP PLC, and Chevron Corporation (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica 5).

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J.D. Rockefeller was born on July 8th, 1839 in Richford, New York. Rockefeller was the eldest son and second of six children born to traveling physician William Avery Rockefeller and Eliza Davidson. As a child, Rockefeller had continuously moved around the country with his family, until they finally settled in Strongsville, Ohio. After attending and later dropping out of Cleveland's Central High School, Rockefeller had started to take business classes at Folsom Mercantile College. This had helped him to become a bookkeeper and learn more about the business world (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica 1).   Sensing the commercial potential of the expanding oil production within Western Pennsylvania, Rockefeller built his first oil refinery near Cleveland, Ohio in 1863. Within two years it had been the largest refinery in the area, and thereafter Rockefeller devoted himself strictly to the oil business (The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica 1).

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History.com Editors. “John D. Rockefeller.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 9 Apr. 2010, www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/john-d-rockefeller.

“How Did John D. Rockefeller Treat His Employees?” Reference, IAC Publishing, www.reference.com/history/did-john-d-rockefeller-treat-his-employees-e59b9e05c2ba0f29.

“John D. Rockefeller.” Biography.com, A&E Networks Television, 18 July 2019, www.biography.com/business-figure/john-d-rockefeller.

“The New Tycoons: John D. Rockefeller.” Ushistory.org, Independence Hall Association, www.ushistory.org/us/36b.asp.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “John D. Rockefeller.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 19 May 2020, www.britannica.com/biography/John-D-Rockefeller.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Standard Oil.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 24 Mar. 2020, www.britannica.com/topic/Standard-Oil.