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If the civil war were to never happen I believe the there would have continued to be two separate countries. These two countries would likely have benefited mutually from one another's economy. Done by trading crops for goods and manufacturing and vice versa. Each state would develop some more economic independence, but would not become nearly as capable as the other and would probably still rely on the other. Eventually the citizens of USA would become upset about still relying on a country that has active slavery. At least I would hope, even today we support countries and companies who are not treating their employees well.

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IF the Civil War would have never happened I think we would have seen slavery eventually die out but it would have taken much longer. Technology eventually reached a point where the work of slaves could be done with machines and so the need of slaves would have not been needed. If the North and South remained separate the North would have continued to be an industry giant and the South would have continued to dominate in only one main good, cotton, this would not have been enough to match the growth of the North and steps would need to be taken in order to modernize and become more like the North. The South would have reached out to the North as its closet trade ally and perhaps that would have lead to the two coming back together to create one nation again as at this point technology would have replaced slavery.

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If the Civil War had never occurred, slavery could have persisted in the southern states for much longer than it did. The economic independence of the northern and southern states would have continued. To avoid this, the federal government could have invested in the infrastructure of the south, helping them acquire more manufactured commodities, banking capital, and trade routes.

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Everyone knew back when the Constitution was written that slavery was intended to be abolished. Rather than kicking the can down the road and ignoring the fact that the southern states' economies would be descimated by the abolition of slavery the federal government could have taken a pro active stance and helped the southern states develop technology and infrustructure to help them transition to a slave free economy rather than put the burden entirely upon the southern states.  This, however, did not happen. The southern states would have continued on with their slave based agricultural society as the north expanded and developed further technology. Argriculture based on slavery is not a sustainable economic structure and it would have eventually crumbled under slave revolts as it did in South Africa during Apartied.  As I stated above the issue could have been resolved without a war by being pro active but it could also have been avoided with a reactionary effort to help the southern states transition their economic structure.  The south missed out on a huge opportunity to educate their slave populations prior to giving them freedom thus creating a working class that could have bested the north's economy had they been willing to transition to a free society. The plantation owners could have become factory owners and the slave population a whole new class of consumers.

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If the Civil War never happened the country would continue to grow into two separate entities. They would both growth their economies, the north is industrialism and the south in agriculture. This would continue until the richest farmers and the richest business men see a profitable union between the two areas and then monopolies would ensue.

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In the event that the Civil War didn't happen, then I think the North and South could have stayed split if there were no fighting. The South could export their cotton elsewhere to make ends meet.
If the U.S. was to become rejoined, then I think either side, the North or South would wage war because the South wasn't doing as well as they could do on their own, or the North missed the South's cotton production.

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In the 1860s the Northern and Southern states of American come head to head but have not gone to war. The south promotes slavery, plantation farming, and states rights. The north promotes abolition, manufacturing/factories, and more rights to the central government. As the years go on the northern states begin to prosper even further while the south continues to fall behind economically, population wise, and stability in regards to government.
More people immigrate to the Northern states of America in the next decades from the south and from countries abroad. They see these states as an opportunity to start new jobs and start a new life; whereas, the see the southern states as third world countries. The southern states start to lose slaves by the minute as civil rights are coming about and the plantation owners are in dept.

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If the war never happened, then the economy of the South would have continued to depend on cotton and slave labor. The North would have progressed economically, and due to the prosperity, they would have expanded further. The slaves in the South would have continued to revolt, and with their increasing demand and population, would have eventually overthrown their "masters". The North would have offered to supply the South, and I think that eventually they would have become allies, and maybe unified later on.

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If the Civil War never happened there would no longer be a United States. The south split from the north and then continued to fight until each state declared their own sovereignty. Without the collective economy the states quickly deteriorated with people immigrating to the north and essentially leaving the south barren. The north thrived, but without the advantages of the souther agriculture also began to fall into disarray. Eventually, seeing the south falling apart, the north colonized and eventually overtook southern control and implementing their original plan of United States.

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The year is 1861 and the South has seceded from the North. There is no Civil War and the Southern States placed all their economic structure in agriculture. Their political system has continued to focus on states rights. Because of this, the Southern States were unable to work together. Accordingly, the United States refused to open trade with the Southern States due to the atrocity of slavery. The Northern States saw the advantage of expanding their economic status because of industry, agriculture, and textiles. Because of their increasing economy, the North is able to trade with the rest of the world and become more prosperous. Finding that the Southern States cannot sustain their economic structure, they renounce their secession, forebode slavery and rejoined the United States.