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is a network device that replicates and amplifies a received signal to an
extended geographical area.

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Repeaters work by amplifying
the received signal then rebroadcasts it to another area.

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1. Wi-Fi Repeater
- is used to extend the coverage
area of your Wi-Fi network.
2. Network Repeater
The specific characteristic of
this is that whatever it
receives it transmits to the
other LAN segment.
3. Telephone Repeater
- is used to amplify
signals to support and
carry long distance calls.
4. SUBMARINE CABLE
-Carry telecommunication signals across stretches of ocean and sea
REPEATER
5. Radio Repeater
- this is used to extend the
coverage of a radio signal.

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a networking device that allows multiple computers to communicate with each other.

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a networking device that allows multiple computers to communicate with each other.

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(Hubs are available in 4-12 ports)

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1.Network Hub- a hub that allows multiple computers to communicate in a network.                           2.USB Hub-allows multiple peripherals to connect to a single USB port.  

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1.Network Hub- a hub that allows multiple computers to communicate in a network.                           2.USB Hub-allows multiple peripherals to connect to a single USB port.  

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-Cheap and Simple
-Can connect to different media types.

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-wastes bandwidth
-half-duplex

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➤ It amplifies the signal.
➤ It does not affect the performance of the network
when it’s performing its task on the signal.
➤ Repeaters can be used in different mediums for
reception and transmission.
➤ It does not increase or decrease the network traffic.

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➤It is not possible to connect different network
architectures using repeater. For this router or gateway is
needed.
➤The number of repeaters to be used are limited between
two ends. More repeaters create noise on the wire which
results into packet collisions or problems in the packet
detection.
➤Repeaters do not perform filtering of the data.

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Is a networking device that
allows devices to send and
receive data over the
internet by converting
analog signal into a digital
signal and vice versa.

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Modulation-- (converting data into radio waves by adding information to a carrier signal.) Modem converts the digital signal
into analog signal
Demodulation--( extracting data from the transmitted signal.) Modems extracts the analog signal to become a digital signal.

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is a kind of networking device that interconnects two or more networks together by dividing LAN into different segments.

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is a kind of networking device that interconnects two or more networks together by dividing LAN into different segments.

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(Bridges can be wired or wireless and it is a 2 port device.)

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Bridges work by dividing a LAN into segments and help the hosts send and receive data to the specific segment where the receiver or another host belong.

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Bridges work by dividing a LAN into segments and help the hosts send and receive data to the specific segment where the receiver or another host belong.

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1. CABLE MODEM
- is a modem that uses coaxial cables to provide cable TV and high-speed internet access.
2.DSL Modem
-is a modem used to transfer
digital signals over standard
telephone lines.
3. USB Modem
-is a portable modem

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• High transmission speed
• Supports different media types

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-saves MAC addresses
-prevents waste of bandwidth

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• Vulnerable to malware and hackers
• Expensive

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-expensive
-more slower than hubs.

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is a networking device that connects hosts by receiving incoming data packets. It does not disturb other computers while sending data to one computer.

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is a networking device that connects hosts by receiving incoming data packets. It does not disturb other computers while sending data to one computer.

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(Switches are available in 4-512 and up ports)

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- is a networking device that connects computers and
other devices to the Internet by acting as a dispatcher
that chooses the best route for the packets to travel.

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It routes or passes the internet connection to all devices
connected to it by distributing data packets to intended
destination using the IP addresses of each device.

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WIRED ROUTER
- are typically box-shaped
devices that connect directly
to computers via "hard-lined"
or wired connections.
WIRELESS ROUTER
- is a router that distributes
internet connection through
one or more antenna
(wireless access points).
BROUTER
- is a combination of bridge and
router.
MODEM ROUTER
- is the most common
router used nowadays.

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• Communicate across networks
• Keeps a record of IP Address
• Prevents Bandwidth waste
• Increases network size

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• More expensive

• Security risks

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Directs the data to the intended destination.

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Directs the data to the intended destination.

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-keeps a record of MAC addresses that is connected to it.
-full-duplex

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-expensive