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a. Video Explanation: Create a short video where you define phonemic awareness and explain its importance in reading instruction. Highlight how it helps children recognize and manipulate sounds in words.

b. Classroom Activities:

Activity 1: Sound Sorting: Provide children with pictures of objects. Have them sort the pictures into groups based on the initial sound of the object's name.

Differentiation: Use fewer pictures for children who need more support, and more pictures or more challenging sounds for advanced learners.

Activity 2: Rhyming Bingo: Create bingo cards with pictures of objects that rhyme. Call out a word and have students mark the corresponding picture if it rhymes with the called word.

Differentiation: Provide visual cues or use words that are more familiar to children who need additional support.

c. At-Home Activity:

Activity: Rhyming Songs and Games: Encourage families to sing nursery rhymes or play rhyming games like “I Spy” focusing on sounds.

Explanation: Singing and playing games can be easily adapted to the child’s level by selecting simpler or more complex rhymes and can be done in any language.

d. Website:

Resource: Reading Rockets: Phonemic Awareness (https://www.readingrockets.org/reading-101/reading-and-writing-basics/phonological-and-phonemic-awareness)

Explanation: Reading Rockets provides a variety of activities and tips to support phonemic awareness at home, making it accessible for families with children of different abilities.

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a. Video Explanation: Create a short video where you define phonics and explain its role in connecting sounds to written letters.

b. Classroom Activities:

·       Activity 1: Letter-Sound Matching: Use letter cards and picture cards. Have children match the picture with the beginning letter sound.

o   Differentiation: Offer picture clues or use a smaller set of letters for students who need additional support.

·       Activity 2: Word Building with Letter Tiles: Provide students with letter tiles to form simple words.

o   Differentiation: Start with consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words for beginners and move to more complex words for advanced learners.

c. At-Home Activity:

Activity: Alphabet Hunt: Have children find objects around the house that start with each letter of the alphabet.

Explanation: This activity can be done at the child's own pace and level, making it inclusive for children with exceptionalities.

d. Website:

Resource: Starfall (https://www.starfall.com/h/)

Explanation: Starfall offers interactive phonics games and activities that cater to various learning levels and can be used by children with different abilities.

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a. Video Explanation: Create a short video where you define vocabulary and explain its importance in understanding and using language effectively.

b. Classroom Activities:

Activity 1: Word Walls: Create a word wall with new vocabulary words. Use pictures and sentences to help students understand and use the words.

Differentiation: Use larger fonts, visuals, and include translations for ELL students.

Activity 2: Vocabulary Bingo: Make bingo cards with vocabulary words. Call out definitions, and students mark the corresponding word.

Differentiation: Provide visual aids or simplified definitions for students who need additional support.

c. At-Home Activity:

Activity: Family Word Journal: Encourage families to keep a journal of new words their child learns each week. Discuss the words and use them in sentences.

Explanation: This allows children to learn at their own pace and parents can adjust the complexity of the words as needed.

d. Website:

Resource: Vocabulary.com(https://www.vocabulary.com/)

Explanation: Vocabulary.com offers a range of activities to help children learn and understand new words, suitable for various learning levels.

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a. Video Explanation: Create a short video where you define fluency and explain its importance in reading with speed, accuracy, and proper expression.

b. Classroom Activities:

Activity 1: Repeated Reading: Have students practice reading a short passage multiple times to build fluency.

Differentiation: Provide passages at different reading levels to match students’ abilities.

Activity 2: Reader's Theater: Have students perform a script, focusing on expressive reading.

Differentiation: Assign roles that match each student’s reading level and provide additional practice time for those who need it.

c. At-Home Activity:

Activity: Read Aloud Together: Encourage families to read books aloud together, taking turns.

Explanation: This practice helps children hear fluent reading and practice their own reading, adjustable to any reading level.

d. Website:

Resource: Storyline Online (https://storylineonline.net/)

Explanation: Storyline Online features actors reading children’s books aloud, providing models of fluent reading.

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a. Video Explanation: Create a short video where you define comprehension and explain its importance in understanding and interpreting text.

b. Classroom Activities:

Activity 1: Story Maps: Use graphic organizers to map out the elements of a story (characters, setting, problem, solution).

Differentiation: Provide more or less detailed maps based on students’ comprehension levels.

Activity 2: Think-Pair-Share: Have students read a passage, think about a question, discuss it with a partner, and then share with the class.

Differentiation: Pair students strategically to support those who need extra help and provide sentence starters for those who need them.

c. At-Home Activity:

Activity: Discussion Questions: Provide families with questions to ask their child after reading a book together.

Explanation: Questions can be adjusted in complexity to match the child’s comprehension level.

d. Website:

Resource: ReadWriteThink (https://www.readwritethink.org/)

Explanation: ReadWriteThink offers resources and activities to help children develop comprehension skills at various levels.

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1. National Reading Panel. (2000). Teaching children to read: An evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implications for reading instruction. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.

2. Snow, C. E., Burns, M. S., & Griffin, P. (Eds.). (1998). Preventing reading difficulties in young children. National Academy Press.

3. Pressley, M. (2006). Reading Instruction That Works: The Case for Balanced Teaching. Guilford Press.