# data[].attributes.body
Television was invented in the 1920s. Early TVs were small, box-shaped, and mostly black-and-white. They were quite expensive and considered a luxury. The screens were small, and the overall design was bulky compared to modern flat-screen televisions. When it was released for public, the price of TV was so expensive that only the rich could afford it.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
What was the Nissan GT-R like in the past?

# data[].attributes.body
The Nissan GT-R is a legendary sports car that has evolved over several decades, gaining a reputation for its performance, advanced technology and racing pedigree. Here's a brief history of the Nissan GT-R :

1. Early Beginning's : The Skyline GT-R

(1969-1973).

- 1969: The GT-R name first appeared on the Nissan Skyline in 1969. The original car was the Skyline 2000 GT-R (PGC10), which was introduced under Nissan's "Skyline" model, originally manufactured by Prince Motor Company before its merger with Nissan. This model featured a 2.0-liter DOHC inline-six engine (S20) producing 160 horsepower.

- 1973: The oil crisis and stricter emissions regulations led to the discontinuation of the GT-R after the introduction of the KPGC110 model, of which only a few hundred were produced.

2. The GT-R Revival: R32

(1989-1994).

- 1989: After a long hiatus, Nissan revived the GT-R name with the R32 Skyline GT-R. This model was designed with the intent to dominate Group A racing and was equipped with the now-legendary RB26DETT 2.6-liter twin-turbo inline-six engine, producing around 276 horsepower. The car featured advanced technology for its time, such as the ATTESA E-TS all-wheel-drive system and the Super-HICAS four-wheel steering. - The R32 GT-R earned the nickname "Godzilla" from the Australian car media due to its monstrous performance and dominance in motorsports.

3. Further Evolution: R33 (1995-1998) and R34

(1999-2002).

- 1995: The R33 GT-R was introduced, offering improved aerodynamics, stability and an updated version of the RB26DETT engine. Though silghtly heavier, it continued to perform exceptionally well in racing, particulary in endurance events.

- 1999: The R34 GT-R followed, featuring refined aerodynamics, a stiffer chassis and advanced electronics, including the Multi-Function Display (MFD) that provided real-time data on the car's perfomance.

The R34 became famous through its appearance in movies, video game's and as a favorite among tuners and

car enthusiasts.

4. A New Era: R35

(2007-Present).

-2007: Nissan introduced the R35 GT-R, which was no longer branded as a Skyline, but stood alone as the Nissan GT-R. It featured a 3.8-liter twin-turbo V6 engine (**VR38DETT**), producing over 480 horsepower in its intial version. The R35 marked a significant technological leap, featuring a dual-clutch transmission, advanced all-wheel-drive system and sophisticated electronics.

- The R35 has undergone continuous update's since its release, with improvements in power, handling and technology. Spesial editions like the

GT-R Nismo have pushed performance boundaries even further.

5. The Legacy and Impact

(Present).

-The Nissan GT-R has become an icon in the automotive world, known for offering supercar-level performance at a relatively accessible price point. It has a strong following among car enthusiasts, tuners and in the motorsports community.

- The GT-R's success in racing, particularly in the Japanese Super GT series, has cemented its status as one of the most revered sports cars ever produced.

The Nissan GT-R remains a symbol of Nissan's engineering prowess and continues to be a benchmark for high perfomance cars worldwide.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1903, a French artillery captain named Léon Levavasseur proposed the Levavasseur project, was a canon autopropulseur ("self-propelled cannon"), moved by a caterpillar system and fully armoured for protection. Powered by an 80 hp petrol engine, "the Levavasseur machine would have had a crew of three, storage for ammunition, and a cross-country ability", but the viability of the project was disputed by the Artillery Technical Committee, until it was formally abandoned in 1908 when it was known that a caterpillar tractor had been developed, the Hornsby of engineer David Roberts.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
It's the Motorola DynaTAC 8000X mobile phone. Wow!

# data[].attributes.body
How phones were in the 80s

Back in 1984, it would have been hard to believe that mobile phones would evolve so much and provide us with so many services. Especially when the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x was first made commercially available.

Mobile phones have been in development since the late 60s, and throughout the 70s. But these were too hefty to be considered truly mobile, thus confined to cars – requiring the engine to be running.

As such, the evolution of mobile phones truly began with the Motorola DynaTAC 8000x as it was completely portable, despite weighing in at almost 1kg and measuring a colossal 30cm in length with a thickness of 9cm.

Boasting a then incredible talk time of 30 minutes and standby time of 8 hours, the DynaTAC 8000x could be purchased for a mere £2,480 – this equates to £5,573 in today’s terms!

# data[].attributes.body
The first torture machine

A proposed device that is well designed for torture, was the brazen bull. This absolute thing of a beast was a torture device that is made hollow, and materialized of bronze. The victim were to be put into said device and to be set ablaze. The poor victim screams as their body burns into dust, and the-equipped acoustic apparatus that converted the screams of the dying into what sounded like the bellows of a bull.

# data[].attributes.body
A typewriter was an essential tool in the past, especially before the advent of computers. It was invented in the early 19th century, with the first commercially successful model, the Sholes and Glidden typewriter, being introduced in 1874. The price was relatively high at the time, making it a significant investment for offices and writers. The typewriter had a rectangular shape with a keyboard on top and a roller for feeding paper through. It was fairly large and bulky, making it difficult to move around. Its primary function was to print text onto paper, letter by letter, using ink ribbons, which allowed for clear and professional-looking documents.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1814, the color Emerald Green was considered one of the most toxic paint/color ever created. It was made by mixing and heating copper verdigris with vinegar and white arsenic, then grinding the sediment in linseed oil. The reason why is it was highly poisonous due to its arsenic content. In an 1822 report its toxicity was revealed, yet its widespread use in paints and dye continued. This was probably due to a number of factors: Emerald Green was cheap to produce and highly fashionable, and the color green was tricky to get right.

Arsenic was considered a magical product in the Victorian age, found in many things but especially green dye, and mass-produced and admired by society despite its toxic qualities. When the item that had the color Emerald Green in it get wet, would give off toxic fumes, and so damp clothes or rooms could become death traps.

# data[].attributes.body
The espresso machine Was invented by Angelo Moriondo of Turin, Italy in 1884. his invention received a pantent and was first used for the Turin General Exposition. in 1901, Luigi Bezzera were panted a commercial version of the espresso machine.

fun fact :

The espresso machine has been created in 1884 in Italy.

# data[].attributes.body
Blackberries!

Blackberries, or more commonly called 'bb', was a type of handphone trending back in around 2001 - 2007.

It has a quite small, thick, look. The keyboards were not on the screen, and it dominates half of the phone. It has a rectangular shape, with a rounded edge.

As stated by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica (2024), 'the first BlackBerry phones were released in 2002. Offering cellular phone service, wireless e-mail capability, and Internet access, the new “smartphones” took the business world by storm.'

If in the present time, it's iPhone, 10 - 20 years ago, it was BlackBerry. Just like iPhone, BlackBerries were exclusive. The owner of BlackBerries can only message other BlackBerry users. These stuff were very expensive, at least, more expensive than other phone brands.

I hope you find my text helpful! Thanks!

To buy BlackBerries, click this link: https://iprice.co.id/blackberry/ponsel-tablet/smartphone/

/jk :V

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (24 August, 2024). BlackBerry, Wireless Device. Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/BlackBerry-wireless-device

# data[].attributes.body
The rotary phone was a common household item in the past. It was relatively affordable, though prices varied depending on the model The phone was circular, with a dial that had numbers arranged in a circle.

It was fairly large, usually taking up significant space on a desk or table.

The rotary phone was used for making and receiving calls. To dial a number, you had to rotate the dial for each digit, which was a slow but reliable process.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1894, Hildebrand & Wolfmüller was the first series-produced motorcycle, and the first to be called a motorbike (German: Motorrad). Excelsior Motor Company, originally a bicycle manufacturing company based in Coventry, England, began production of its first motorcycle model in 1896.

The first production motorcycle in the US was the Orient-Aster, built by Charles Metz in 1898 at his factory in Waltham, Massachusetts.

In the early periods of motorcycle history, many bicycle manufacturers adapted their designs to accommodate the new internal combustion engines. As engines became more powerful and designs transcended their bicycle origins, the number of motorcycle manufacturers increased. Many nineteenth-century inventors who worked on early motorcycles often moved on to other inventions. Daimler and Roper, for example, both later developed cars.

# data[].attributes.body
Trinity was the world's first nuclear test, conducted by the United States on July 16, 1945, as part of the Manhattan Project, a secret program aimed at developing nuclear weapons during World War II.

Specific Details:

Location: Jornada del Muerto desert, near Alamogordo, New Mexico.

Type of Bomb: A plutonium-239 bomb with an "implosion-type" design, where plutonium is compressed by conventional explosives to reach critical mass and trigger a nuclear explosion.

Explosion Yield: Approximately 20 kilotons of TNT, producing a fireball that reached temperatures of millions of degrees Celsius and created a large crater at the explosion site.

Impact: The fireball was visible up to 250 km away, with shockwaves felt hundreds of kilometers from the site. This successful test confirmed the nuclear technology later used in the bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

Trinity marked the beginning of the nuclear age, profoundly altering global perceptions of war and diplomacy and initiating the global nuclear arms race.

# data[].attributes.body
One item that existed in the past was the quill pen. The quill pen was a writing tool made from a bird's feather, typically from a goose or a swan. It was commonly used during the medieval period, before the invention of the fountain pen and ballpoint pen. The feather was carefully cleaned and the end of the quill was sharpened to a point, allowing it to hold ink and write smoothly on parchment or paper. The quill pen was lightweight and flexible, making it a preferred writing instrument for scribes, scholars, and writers.

The quill pens were important tools in history, particularly during the Renaissance, when they were used to write letters, books, and important documents. These pens were often made by skilled craftsmen who knew how to select the best feathers and shape them perfectly. Over time, quill pens were gradually replaced by metal nib pens, but they were still used in some parts of the world until the 19th century. Even today, quill pens are sometimes used for calligraphy and decorative writing, keeping the tradition of this ancient writing tool alive.

# data[].attributes.body
in ancient times we used a barter system in buying and selling.

with the passage of time now using money in the form of about 10cm in size and there are also coins.

its use as a means of payment during buying and selling until now.

# data[].attributes.body
Airplanes were invented in the early 20th century. The first successful flight took place in 1903 with the Wright brothers' plane, which was small, made of wood and fabric, and powered by a simple engine. Early airplanes were fragile, slow, and could only carry one or two people. Flying was considered a daring and risky endeavor.

When airplanes became available for commercial use, they were extremely expensive, and only the wealthy could afford to fly. The cabins were small, noisy, and lacked the comfort of modern aircraft. Early flights were also short and often uncomfortable, with limited routes and frequent stops. Despite these challenges, airplanes revolutionized travel, gradually becoming more accessible and reliable over the years. Today, air travel is a common mode of transportation, with sleek, large, and highly efficient airplanes connecting people across the globe.

# data[].attributes.body
One item that was transformed the modern world was the light bulb. The light bulb was a device that produces light when electrical energy passes through a filament inside it, causing it to glow. It was invented by Thomas Edison in 1879, although other inventors had created earlier versions. Edison's version was the first practical and long-lasting design.

The light bulb was crucial during the Industrial Revolution, as it extended working hours by providing a reliable source of light after sunset. It was initially made with a carbon filament, but later versions used tungsten, which allowed the bulb to last longer and shine brighter.

The invention of the light bulb was a turning point in history. It led to the widespread use of electricity and paved the way for further technological advancements. Light bulbs were initially expensive and found mostly in wealthy homes, but over time, they became affordable and accessible to everyone. By the 20th century, they were a common feature in homes, businesses, and public spaces.

Even today, light bulbs are continually evolving, with newer versions such as LED bulbs that are more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. The legacy of the light bulb lives on, as it remains one of the most important inventions in human history.

# data[].attributes.body
Chocolate was already people's favorite sweet in 4,000-year ago. The beginning of the history chocolate was in ancient Mesoamerica. It’s here that the first cacao plants were found. The Olmec, one of the earliest civilizations in Latin America, were the first to turn the cacao plant into chocolate. Chocolate was one of the most important things to prepare during rituals and used it as medicine.

# data[].attributes.body
The history of the first car is a fascinating journey that started in the late 19th century. The first true automobile was developed by Karl Benz, a German engineer, in 1885. His invention was a three-wheeled vehicle powered by an internal combustion engine, which was a revolutionary idea at the time. This car was called the "Motorwagen" and was the first of its kind to be designed for the purpose of carrying passengers.

Before Benz's creation, there were earlier attempts to build self-propelled vehicles, but they were mostly powered by steam engines and were not as practical. These early models were large, heavy, and difficult to operate. However, Benz's Motorwagen was different because it was compact and practical for everyday use. The engine was a single-cylinder four-stroke engine, and the car could reach speeds of up to 10 miles per hour, which was impressive for that era.

The first public demonstration of the Motorwagen was in 1886, and it was met with both curiosity and skepticism. Many people were unsure whether this new invention would be useful, but it was clear that it was a significant technological achievement. Benz's wife, Bertha Benz, was instrumental in proving the car's reliability. In 1888, she undertook the first long-distance journey by automobile, driving from Mannheim to Pforzheim, a distance of about 60 miles. This journey was not only a remarkable feat but also a successful demonstration that the car was a practical means of transportation.

As time passed, more inventors and engineers were inspired by Benz's work and began to develop their own versions of the automobile. The designs were improved, and by the early 20th century, cars were becoming more common on the roads. The development of the assembly line by Henry Ford in 1913 was another milestone, as it made cars more affordable and accessible to the general public.

# data[].attributes.body
20 Years Ago (Around 2004)

Price: Knives were relatively affordable and varied depending on quality and brand. Kitchen knives and pocket knives were commonly found in most households.

Shape: Most knives had ergonomic shapes designed for comfort and efficiency. Kitchen knives had sleek designs, while pocket knives often had folding mechanisms.

Size: Kitchen knives were medium-sized for tasks like chopping and slicing. Pocket knives were small enough to fit in a pocket or small pouch.

Functions: Knives were used mainly for cooking, cutting, and general utility purposes. Multitools with knife blades were used for a variety of functions, including opening bottles and screwdriving.

50 Years Ago (Around 1974)

Price: Knives were reasonably priced and widely available. High-quality knives were more expensive, often reflecting craftsmanship and materials.

Shape: Many knives had traditional shapes, with some featuring decorative elements. Pocket knives had multiple blades or tools.

Size: The size of knives varied from small pocket knives to larger hunting and kitchen knives.

Functions: Knives were used for cooking, outdoor activities, hunting, and general utility tasks. They were also popular among tradespeople and outdoorsmen.

100 Years Ago (Around 1924)

Price: Knives were relatively cheap and often handmade. The price varied depending on the quality of the materials and craftsmanship.

Shape: Knives had simple, functional shapes. Blades were often straight, and handles were plain, typically made of wood or bone.

Size: Kitchen knives were larger and more robust, designed to handle a variety of tasks. Pocket knives were compact but sturdy.

Functions: Knives were essential for daily tasks like cooking, farming, and crafting. They were also used for self-defense and as utility tools.

1,000 Years Ago (Around 1024)

Price: Knives were valuable tools, and the price depended on the materials used and the skill of the maker. Metal knives were more expensive due to the forging process.

Shape: Knives were simple in shape, often with single-edged blades. The handles were made from wood, bone, or antler.

Size: Knives varied in size from small personal knives to larger weapons like daggers or short swords.

Functions: Knives were used for survival tasks such as hunting, food preparation, and self-defense. They were also used in trade and as tools for everyday activities. In some cultures, they had ceremonial or symbolic uses.

# data[].attributes.body
Computers were originally developed by Charles Babbage. At that time, Babbage only wanted to make a steam-powered calculator; in short, a computer was used to manage data according to the program's instructions. The history of the development of computers consists of 5 generations. From 1940 to 1959, they were used for war and to break German secret codes. From 1959-1965, second-generation transistor computers were often used by large institutions and universities; the capacity was also larger, and the operating process was faster. However, the downside was that they were prone to overheating. In 1965-1971, the third generation of computers were smaller and thinner, and during that time, computers were able to run other programs simultaneously. From 1971-1980, computers were equipped with a chip containing 230 transistors that were capable of performing 60 thousand operations per second. Slim laptops began to appear, and computers were able to be networked. Now, in the future, Intel and Microsoft are the main companies in computer development in this era.

# data[].attributes.body
A car is a vehicle that has wheels, carries a small number of passengers, and is moved by an engine or a motor. Cars are also called automobiles or motor vehicles. Trucks and buses are motor vehicles as well. However, trucks and buses are larger than cars, and they carry heavier loads. But cars was the most common in the road. The oldest running car in the world was the Benz Motor Wagen 1885 model made in France. It has a steam engine and three wheels. The car was entered in an 1887 exhibition race from Paris to Versailles. Cars were invented by Karl Benz. The first car only have 2/3 horsepower

# data[].attributes.body
The origin story of cigarettes dates back to South America approximately 4,000 years BC. Using chewing tobacco was a part of religious rituals during that era.

Christopher Columbus ultimately contributed to the introduction of tobacco to mainland Europe by being the first European to encounter the plant.

Sailors copied the Aboriginal custom of burning tobacco by putting it into a pipe or cigar.

The term "cigarette" was first used in France around 1830 when paper-wrapped tobacco was introduced. Juan Nepomuceno Adorno, from Mexico, invented the first patented cigarette maker in 1847.

Following the development of new machines by American James Albert Bonsack in the 1880s, cigarette production increased.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Experts generally agree that the teapot dates back to around 1500 AD, with the emergence of Yixing teapots in China. Using the iconic purple and red clay from Yixing in the eastern province of Jiangsu, potters crafted small individual teapots with the handle and spout design we know today.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1903, a French

artillery captain named

Léon Levavasseur proposed the Levavasseur project, was a canon autopropulseur ("self- propelled cannon"), moved by a caterpillar system and fully armoured for protection. Powered by an 80 hp petrol engine, "the Levavasseur machine would have had a crew of three, storage for ammunition, and a cross-country ability", but the viability of the project was disputed by the Artillery Technical Committee, until it was formally abandoned in 1908 when it was known that a caterpillar tractor had been developed, the Hornsby of engineer

David Roberts.

# data[].attributes.body
In the first year of 1890 alexander graham bell was invented the telephone and the first telephone like this and the telephone was used by people to communicate with others with this telephone

# data[].attributes.body
✶ The First Album Released on CD!

In the world of music, albums have a special place. Album is a collection of songs by a single artist or a compilation from various artists. Originally, albums were called collections of vinyl records or cassette tapes, each of them containing multiple songs. With the help of these physical formats music enthusiasts are able to enjoy a selection of tracks in one set, often positioned in a specific order. According to the RIAA (2018), peak vinyl sales were in about 1978. But, what is the first album ever released on CD?

In 1976 Philips and Sony invented the compact disc (CD), it was an optical disc used to store and playback digital data. Originally, it was invented to store and playback sound recordings exclusively. Until, on October 1, 1982 Billy Joel released an album titled 52nd Street, although it turns out it wasn’t actually the first one. According to a famous daily (2022), the first album released was Eine Alpensinfonie, a tone poem for large orchestra written by German composer Richard Strauss; it was released on August 17, 1982. After that, on March 2, 1983 CD players and discs (16 titles from CBS Records) were released in the United States and other markets. The CD started to gain attraction in the larger popular and rock music markets as player prices dropped drastically.

As technology continues to evolve, so does music experience.

Today, we don’t need to buy an album to listen to songs, we can just listen to songs and albums on spotify, youtube, joox etc. Some predicted music trends for the future include: VR in an album to create an immersive experience when listening to their album and future albums not only have audio but also visual and interactive elements to enhance the listener's engagement. Would you start to buy albums if they have these features in the future?

# data[].attributes.body
The first car was invented in the late 19th century. It was a simple vehicle compared to modern cars. The engine was powered by gasoline, and the body was made of wood and metal. The wheels were large and thin, and the seats were not very comfortable. Although it was slow, the first car was a revolutionary invention that changed the way people traveled.

# data[].attributes.body
A typewriter is a machine used for typing documents. It has keys that you press to print letters and numbers onto paper. People used typewriters before computers were common. Each key strikes an inked ribbon, which leaves a mark on the paper. Typewriters were popular in offices and homes for writing letters, reports, and other documents.

# data[].attributes.body
Flight of a Helicopter under Automatic Control was Made

August 7, 1950. – Flight of a helicopter under automatic control was made at Mustin Field, Philadelphia using an HO3S-1 helicopter equipped with a single axis automatic pilot.

# data[].attributes.body
The sadiron was an early type of flat iron used for pressing clothes. It was typically made of heavy metal and had a solid, flat shape. The size was usually medium to large, and it was quite heavy. The price was relatively low compared to other household items. Its function was to press wrinkles out of fabric by applying heat, often with the aid of a hot stove or fire to heat the iron. Sadirons were commonly used before the invention of electric irons.

# data[].attributes.body
The Nissan GT-R is a legendary sports car that has evolved over several decades, gaining a reputation for its performance, advanced technology, and racing pedigree. Here’s a brief history of the Nissan GT-R:

### 1. Early Beginnings: The Skyline GT-R (1969-1973)

- 1969: The GT-R name first appeared on the Nissan Skyline in 1969. The original car was the Skyline 2000 GT-R (PGC10), which was introduced under Nissan's "Skyline" model, originally manufactured by Prince Motor Company before its merger with Nissan. This model featured a 2.0-liter DOHC inline-six engine (S20) producing 160 horsepower.

- 1970: A two-door version, the KPGC10, was released and became iconic in the Japanese touring car scene, winning numerous races.

- 1973: The oil crisis and stricter emissions regulations led to the discontinuation of the GT-R after the introduction of the KPGC110 model, of which only a few hundred were produced.

### 2. The GT-R Revival: R32 (1989-1994)

- 1989: After a long hiatus, Nissan revived the GT-R name with the R32 Skyline GT-R. This model was designed with the intent to dominate Group A racing and was equipped with the now-legendary RB26DETT 2.6-liter twin-turbo inline-six engine, producing around 276 horsepower. The car featured advanced technology for its time, such as the ATTESA E-TS all-wheel-drive system and the Super-HICAS four-wheel steering.

- The R32 GT-R earned the nickname "Godzilla" from the Australian car media due to its monstrous performance and dominance in motorsports.

### 3. Further Evolution: R33 (1995-1998) and R34 (1999-2002)

- 1995: The R33 GT-R was introduced, offering improved aerodynamics, stability, and an updated version of the RB26DETT engine. Though slightly heavier, it continued to perform exceptionally well in racing, particularly in endurance events.

- 1999: The R34 GT-R followed, featuring refined aerodynamics, a stiffer chassis, and advanced electronics, including the Multi-Function Display (MFD) that provided real-time data on the car's performance. The R34 became famous through its appearance in movies, video games, and as a favorite among tuners and car enthusiasts.

### 4. A New Era: R35 (2007-Present)

- 2007: Nissan introduced the R35 GT-R, which was no longer branded as a Skyline but stood alone as the Nissan GT-R. It featured a 3.8-liter twin-turbo V6 engine (**VR38DETT**), producing over 480 horsepower in its initial version. The R35 marked a significant technological leap, featuring a dual-clutch transmission, an advanced all-wheel-drive system, and sophisticated electronics.

- The R35 has undergone continuous updates since its release, with improvements in power, handling, and technology. Special editions like the GT-R Nismo have pushed performance boundaries even further.

### 5. Legacy and Impact

- The Nissan GT-R has become an icon in the automotive world, known for offering supercar-level performance at a relatively accessible price point. It has a strong following among enthusiasts, tuners, and in the motorsports community.

- The GT-R's success in racing, particularly in the Japanese Super GT series, has cemented its status as one of the most revered sports cars ever produced.

The Nissan GT-R remains a symbol of Nissan's engineering prowess and continues to be a benchmark for high-performance cars worldwide.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
3 muskets along with bayonets of British origin

# data[].attributes.body
A musket is a type of weapon that first appeared in Europe back in 1521, the first examples of a musket was the "Heavy Arquebus" which appeared in 1521 and were made by the Spanish Empire and used by the Spanish Conquistadors.

# data[].attributes.body
Of course! The following is a summary of the history of the Toyota Celica rally car:

- 1970s: The Toyota Celica was introduced in 1970, and early versions started participation in rallies.

- 1980s: The RA40 and RA60 models were developed for rallying with a focus on performance.

- 1990s: The Celica GT-Four ST185 (1992) with four-wheel drive and turbocharger was successful in the WRC, followed by the ST205 (1994) which improved performance and technology. Carlos Sainz and Juha Kankkunen achieved important wins.

- 2000s: Toyota's rally program was discontinued after 1999, making the ST205 one of the last models.

- Legacy: The Celica GT-Four is remembered as a rally and technology icon, and remains sought after by collectors and enthusiasts.

# data[].attributes.body
1994 - adidas Predator (The Original)The first adidas Predator changed football forever. Those distinctive rubber ridges had simply never been seen before, providing the kind of swerve and power players had been dreaming of for decades.

# data[].attributes.body
Cameras that still use celluloid or cliche film can be said to have become items that are no longer in demand in today's digital era. With the arrival of the digital era, film cameras were no longer produced because they were inferior to the practicality and convenience of digital cameras, The price the old kamera Was four hundred thousand, The function to take a photo and the shape easy to carry

# data[].attributes.body
The history of airplanes begins with humans' dreams of flying, as seen in mythology and early experiments, including the work of Leonardo da Vinci. An important milestone occurred in 1903 when the Wright brothers successfully performed the first powered flight with their aircraft, the Wright Flyer. During World Wars I and II, aircraft developed rapidly, followed by the post-war commercialization of aviation. Jet and supersonic aircraft such as Concorde marked further progress. Today, the focus is on efficiency, comfort and environmentally friendly technological innovation in aviation.

# data[].attributes.body
A DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) is a round, flat optical disc with a standard diameter of 12 cm and a thickness of 1.2 mm. It stores data, primarily movies, software, and games, with a capacity of 4.7 GB (single-layer) or 8.5 GB (dual-layer).

Functions:

- Video Playback: Used for playing movies with high-quality video and audio.

- Data Storage: Stores large files, software, or backups.

- Interactive Content: Includes menus and extras for navigation.

Price:

- Blank DVDs: $0.10 to $0.50 per disc.

- Pre-recorded DVDs (e.g., movies): $5 to $30+ depending on the title.

Though DVDs have declined with streaming and other storage options, they are still used for video playback and data storage.

# data[].attributes.body
The first piano was almost entirely invented by one man back in the 1700s by an inventor named Bartolomeo Cristofori. The piano was created after Cristofori switched out the plucking mechanism with a hammer. It was called clavicembalo col piano e forte, which translates to "harpsichord that plays soft and loud". The name was given to refer to the instrument's ability to change its volume depending on the pressure on the keys, a feature that doesn't exist on harpsichords. After some time, the name was shortened to fortepiano or pianoforte, before eventually turning into piano. By the early 1800s, the piano was the go-to keyboard and made its mark during that century.

# data[].attributes.body
Vinyl records have their origins in the late 1800s, with the invention of the phonograph by Thomas Edison. The early phonographs played wax cylinders, but by the early 1900s, the flat disc format we know as vinyl had become popular. Early vinyl records were often made of shellac, a brittle material that limited the length of the recordings that could be pressed onto them. Despite these limitations, vinyl records became a popular form of entertainment in the early 20th century, providing people with the ability to listen to their favourite music at home for the first time. The 1950s and 1960s saw the golden age of vinyl records, with the advent of rock & roll and other new styles of music. Record companies began to mass-produce vinyl records, making them more accessible and affordable to a wider audience. This era also saw the rise of the 12-inch LP (long-playing) vinyl record, which allowed for longer play times and better sound quality. The LP format quickly became the standard for vinyl records, with many classic albums from this era still being pressed and enjoyed today. In the 1980s and 1990s, the popularity of vinyl records began to decline, with the rise of cassette tapes and then CDs (compact discs). Many music fans abandoned vinyl records in favor of these new formats, which were considered more convenient and modern. As a result, many record stores began to close, and the production of vinyl records slowed down significantly. Eventually even CDs went out of fashion as MP3 players emerged and then online streaming services such as Spotify.

# data[].attributes.body
The rice paddle was first invented in Japan in the late 18th century by a Buddhist monk. The “Shamoji” as it’s called in Japanese, is the ideal tool for mixing and serving finished rice. They were originally made from wood and combined with a traditional Japanese “Hangiri” which is a wood rice bowl used for serving freshly made rice. Rice paddles are also commonly used for mixing vinegar with rice for making sushi. They are popular throughout Japan and many parts of Southeast Asia. The size of the rice paddle depends on the size and how big is the diameter and length of the paddle, for price the price also varies depending on the material used, the size of the paddle, and the quality. The shape of a rice paddle is made of an oval for the top part and a rectangle shape thing for the handle.

# data[].attributes.body
at the beginning of 19 century Sending a letter with an envelope WAS a popular way to communicate from one Individual to others

With this habit, the postman becomes an important job because it is a paralink of communication in back then

Not only for long-distance communication, letters can be used as invitations such as weddings, parties because of their functions WAS various

at 1990 to 2000 the beginning of phone industry WAS start to take over the communication system

sending letters WAS getting forgotten and WERE Losing to a mobile phone

# data[].attributes.body
The first books were created around 500 BC as hand-written scrolls. In the early 16th century, pamphlets were the first printed materials used to share information widely. They were popular in England, France, and Germany, and were frequently used to debate ideas and religious beliefs. Papyrus scrolls were the earliest forms of books, superseded in the 6th century by the codex. The codex was more portable, sturdier, and easier to store, which made it a more popular format. During the Middle Ages, books were handwritten on parchment and then painstakingly decorated. It was used not only for the production of books (in roll or scroll form) but also for correspondence and legal documents

# data[].attributes.body
A revolver was a handheld firearm that had a cylindrical chamber designed to hold multiple bullets. It was typically made of steel and had a compact size, allowing it to be easily carried in a holster. The revolver's shape was characterized by a barrel, a trigger, and a grip, with the barrel being straight and long, and the grip curved for a comfortable hold. The price of a revolver varied depending on its make and model, but it was generally affordable for its time. It was primarily used for self-defense, law enforcement, and hunting. The revolver was reliable and simple to operate, with each pull of the trigger rotating the cylinder to align a new bullet with the barrel for firing.

# data[].attributes.body
The word 'guitar' or guitar in United Kingdom, was originally taken from the name of an ancient plucked instrument in Persia in about 1500 BC known as citar or sehtar. This musical instrument then developed into various kinds of ancient guitar models known as the common term tanbur. In 300 BC the Persian Tanbur was developed by the Greeks and six centuries later by the Romans (Bellow, 1970:54-55). In 476 AD this instrument was brought by the Romans to Spain and transformed into: (1) the Morisca guitarra which served as a melody carrier, and (2) the Guitarra Latina for playing chords. Three centuries later the Arabs brought a kind of gambus guitar called al ud to Spain (Summerfield, 1982:12). Based on the construction of the Arabic al ud and the two models of the Roman guitar, the Spain then made their own musical instrument called the vihuela. As a result, the vihuela became popular in Spain while its predecessor musical instruments little by little it was abandoned. Nevertheless, it was brought to Western European countries and rivaled the popularity of vihuela in Spain. In Europe al ud was well received and developed into various European lute models until about the end of the 17th century. Meanwhile, the vihuela continued to evolve into a wide variety of guitars over the centuries until it eventually became the classic guitar used today.

The authenticity of the guitar cannot be seen from its antiquity. Some experts feel this tool originated on the African continent, where many modern replicas in the form of round boxes like shells with Gut/silk thread threads, in many areas of the continent. Other experts found this tool in the form of glass in the reliefs of old stone reliefs in the Central Asian and Ancient Asian periods. Other thoughts also arose with the discovery of patterned Ancient Greece vases. Greek strings were probably the first instrument to be categorized as a guitar. The modern guitar may have its roots in the Spanish guitar, but the various types of guitars such as the instrument instruments that we can see are painted in the Medieval and Renaissance periods that are abundant throughout Europe.

# data[].attributes.body
The price of a rotary dial telephone was quite affordable in the 1960s, generally ranging between $20 and $50. This was considered a reasonable cost for most households at that time.

The shape of the rotary dial telephone was distinctive. It had a large, round dial on the front with finger holes for dialing, and the body was often rectangular or slightly curved, designed to sit comfortably on a table or desk.

The size of these telephones was relatively large compared to today’s compact devices. They measured approximately 10 inches by 6 inches and were about 6 inches tall, making them quite prominent on any surface.

The main function of the rotary dial telephone was to make and receive voice calls. It was connected to the telephone line with a thick, coiled cord that limited mobility. The rotary dial was used to manually dial phone numbers by rotating the dial to each digit. It also had a ringer for incoming calls and a handset that could be lifted off the base to start or end a call.

# data[].attributes.body
Typewriters were widely used in the past before computers became common. They were typically heavy and made of metal, with keys that were pressed to imprint letters onto paper. The size of a typewriter was large, often taking up significant space on a desk. The primary function was to type documents, letters, and other written materials. The sound of the keys clacking was a familiar noise in offices and homes. Although they were less efficient than today’s keyboards, typewriters were essential tools for writing and communication.

# data[].attributes.body
In 618-907 AD, Alexander the Great loved to pour honey and nectar on his snow, but emperor of the Tang Dynasty was the first person to eat a frozen milk. When Technology was better, Ice cream became more accessible.The ice cream became ice cream soda in year 1874 at America.

In 1892, they created a bowl of vanilla ice cream topped with cherry syrup. It called ice cream sundae. There was another way in eating ice cream with cone from waffle in 1904. People started selling Ice cream from trucks in 1950s and prepackaged ice cream available in supermarket and pallor around 1970s.

# data[].attributes.body
The earliest ovens were found in Central Europe, and date back to 29,000 BC. They were roasting and boiling pits inside yurts used to cook mammoth. In Ukraine from 20,000 BC they used pits with hot coals covered in ashes. The food was wrapped in leaves and set on top, then covered with earth.

I couldn't find the price anywhere ,sorry.

# data[].attributes.body
The telephone emerged from the making and successive improvements of the electrical telegraph. In 1804, Spanish polymath and scientist Francisco Salva Campillo constructed an electrochemical telegraph. The first working telegraph was built by the English inventor Francis Ronalds in 1816 and used static electricity. An electromagnetic telegraph was created by Baron Schilling in 1832. Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber built another electromagnetic telegraph in 1833 in Göttingen. At the University of Göttingen, the two had been working together in the field of magnetism. They built the first telegraph to connect the observatory and the Institute of physics, which was able to send eight words per minute. The telephone emerged from the making and successive improvements of the electrical telegraph. In 1804, Spanish polymath and scientist Francisco Salva Campillo constructed an electrochemical telegraph. The first working telegraph was built by the English inventor Francis Ronalds in 1816 and used static electricity. An electromagnetic telegraph was created by Baron Schilling in 1832. Carl Friedrich Gauss and Wilhelm Weber built another electromagnetic telegraph in 1833 in Göttingen. At the University of Göttingen, the two had been working together in the field of magnetism. They built the first telegraph to connect the observatory and the Institute of physics, which was able to send eight words per minute.

# data[].attributes.body
The First Book:

The first book or more fitting, the earliest surviving written literature was "The Epic of Gilgamesh" from Mesopotamia. But books aren’t as big back in Mesopotamian times, so let's move forward multiple centuries, to medieval times.

Price:

Before the printing press was invented, books could cost more than a house. They’re expensive because making a book without a machine to help was hard, from the papers to writing the literature to crafting the cover etc.

Shape:

The shapes of books are just the same as now, the shapes were a bit crooked back then.

Size:

The sizes varied from tiny books measuring only a few centimetres to more than a meter, long the size of a small child and heavier than one.

Functions:

There were not many functions for books back then, but there were prayer, choir, learning and probably decorations and artefacts.

# data[].attributes.body
The B-29 Superfortress was a heavy bomber used during World War II. It was known for its advanced features and high-altitude capabilities. The plane was built with a sleek, streamlined shape, which was designed to reduce drag and improve speed. The size of the B-29 was massive, with a wingspan of 141 feet and a length of 99 feet. Its primary function was to carry out long-range bombing missions, and it was equipped with pressurized cabins, which were rare at that time. The B-29 was also known for its significant payload capacity, and it was the aircraft that dropped the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Its price was extremely high due to its advanced technology and complex design, making it one of the most expensive aircraft of its time.

# data[].attributes.body
In the 1800s, pizza and bread were delivered using a copper container called a stufa, meaning "stove" in Italy.

Pizza was then introduced to America in the early 1900s, when Italian immigrants in New York and other large metropolises started selling "to-go" pies that were rolled into a cone shape, wrapped in paper and tied with twine.

Later in the 1940s, pizza sellers started using paperboard boxes since the large demand of pizza take-outs required the sellers to stack the pies.

Finally in the 1960s, Domino's founder Tom Monaghan created a box for pizza delivery, and has remained relatively unchanged since then.

Reference list: Romando, T. (n.d.) The History Of Food In 101 Objects. Topix Media Lab.

# data[].attributes.body
The invention of the airplane

On the evening of Sept. 18, 1901, Wilbur Wright, a 33-year-old businessman from Dayton, Ohio, addressed a distinguished group of Chicago engineers on the subject of “Some Aeronautical Experiments” that he had conducted with his brother Orville Wright over the previous two years. “The difficulties which obstruct the pathway to success in flying machine construction,” he noted, “are of three general classes.”

This clear analysis—the clearest possible statement of the problem of heavier-than-air flight—became the basis for the Wright brothers’ work over the next half decade. What was known at that time in each of these three critical areas and what additional research was required are considered below.

Construction of the sustaining wings: the problem of lift

The dream of human flight must have begun with observation of birds soaring through the sky. For millennia, however, progress was retarded by attempts to design aircraft that emulated the beating of a bird’s wings. The generations of experimenters and dreamers who focused their attention on ornithopters—machines in which flapping wings generated both lift and propulsion—contributed nothing substantial to the final solution of the problems blocking the route to mechanical flight.

Thus, the story of the invention of the airplane begins in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries, with the first serious research into aerodynamics—the study of the forces operating on a solid body (for instance, a wing when it is immersed in a stream of air). Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo Galilei in Italy, Christiaan Huygens in the Netherlands, and Isaac Newton in England all contributed to an understanding of the relationship between resistance (drag) and such factors as the surface area of an object exposed to the stream and the density of a fluid. Swiss mathematicians Daniel Bernoulli and Leonhard Euler and British engineer John Smeaton explained the relationship between pressure and velocity and provided information that enabled a later generation of engineers to calculate aerodynamic forces.

# data[].attributes.body
The word “cake” is derived from the Old Norse word “kaka”, which means “flatbread”. Early cakes were actually more like what we would today consider biscuits or cookies. They were flat and dry, and often had fruit or nuts added to them for flavor. The first cakes were probably made in ancient Egypt.

# data[].attributes.body
Chapter 1: The first computer mouse (1963)

The first computer mouse was made by Douglas Engelbart in 1963, when he was 38 years old. It was a wooden shell with two metal wheels on the bottom and a button on top of it. The metal wheels were used to track movement on a surface.

Chapter 2: Computer mouses with balls (1968/1972 - 2004)

Back then, computer mice used balls to detect motion, in turn connected to internal rollers. The ball on those kinds of mice does get dirty after a while, so you had to get the ball on the mouse out and clean it before using it, or dust may accumulate and lag the mouse.

Chapter 3: Computer mouse nowadays (2004 - Now)

Now, computer mice have red LEDs, and many high-end mice are used for gaming. Those kinds of mice used for gaming have two side buttons on the left of the mouse and a button near the scroll wheel called the "DPI button." We even have wireless mice.

# data[].attributes.body
A mechanical adding machine was an essential tool for arithmetic calculations before the advent of electronic calculators. It was widely used in offices and businesses during the early to mid-20th century.

The price of a mechanical adding machine was relatively high for its time. It was considered a significant investment due to its intricate mechanical components and the precision required in its manufacture. Depending on the brand and model, the cost was a considerable expense for many businesses, reflecting the machine’s importance in performing complex calculations efficiently.

The form of the mechanical adding machine was generally rectangular and boxy, designed to be sturdy and durable. Its casing was often made of metal, which provided a robust structure to withstand frequent use. The machine was equipped with a series of levers, dials, and buttons arranged in a logical layout, allowing users to input numbers and perform calculations. The design was functional and straightforward, aimed at optimizing the user’s ability to perform arithmetic tasks with minimal error.

The size of the mechanical adding machine was moderate, typically fitting comfortably on a desk or countertop. It wasnot overly compact, as it needed space for its mechanical parts and operational mechanisms. Despite its size, it wasdesigned to be portable enough to be moved when necessary, but it was primarily intended to remain in a fixed location for regular use.

The functions of the mechanical adding machine were focused on performing arithmetic calculations. It was equipped with various buttons and levers that were used to input numbers and perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and sometimes division. The machine was operated by turning dials or pressing keys, which were linked to mechanical gears and counters. Each function was executed through a series of mechanical movements, providing an accurate result displayed on an output register. The machine was valued for its reliability and precision, significantly improving efficiency in financial and accounting tasks.

Overall, the mechanical adding machine was a groundbreaking tool in its time, revolutionizing the way calculations were performed and contributing to the development of modern computing technology.

# data[].attributes.body
In ancient times, timekeeping was based on natural elements. The first timekeepers were sundials, which were used by ancient civilizations to track the movement of the sun. Water clocks, another early method, were also used in ancient Egypt and Babylonia to measure time based on the flow of water. In 1656, Christiaan Huygens invented the pendulum clock, which greatly improved timekeeping accuracy. The pendulum is able to regulate the clock's movement, making it more accurate than previous designs. This discovery was a turning point, leading to the creation of more precise timepieces.

Today, we rely on digital clocks, atomic clocks, and smart devices to keep time. These advancements allow for extremely precise time measurement, which was and is critical for everything from global communications to GPS systems.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
The history of television was marked by several key developments that transformed it from a mere concept to a global medium. The early stages of television were experimental, with inventors and engineers working to transmit moving images over long distances.

In the 1920s, mechanical television systems were the first to be developed. These early systems were based on the work of pioneers like John Logie Baird, who was able to demonstrate the first televised images in 1925. However, mechanical television was soon replaced by electronic television, which was more efficient and reliable.

The 1930s and 1940s were significant decades for television, as the technology was improved and standardized. The first regular television broadcasts were made in the United States and Europe during this time. World War II was a major factor that delayed the widespread adoption of television, but by the late 1940s, television was becoming a household item.

The 1950s were known as the "Golden Age of Television," as television programming was increasingly popular, and shows like "I Love Lucy" were watched by millions. Color television was introduced in the 1950s and 1960s, and by the 1970s, color TV sets were common in most households.

As the decades passed, television was continually evolving with the advent of cable, satellite, and eventually, digital broadcasting. Today, television is not just confined to traditional TV sets, as streaming services and online platforms have expanded how content is consumed.

# data[].attributes.body
The iconic tape was invented by an Illinois mom named Vesta Stoudt who wanted to save soldiers' lives in World War II. The year was 1943 and Stoudt, who had two sons serving in the U.S. Navy, was working at the Green River Ordnance Plant near Amboy, Illinois,

# data[].attributes.body
The first electric fan in the world was created by an engineer named Dr Schuyler Skaats Wheeler in 1886. He also created the electric fire engine and specialised in making electric tools that were power efficient.

In the late 1920s GE released a design which had overlapping blades, which made fans much more quiet.  As the decades passed other materials like nylon and wood were used in the designs.  There were more variations in color and style after the 20s as well, before this fans only came in black.  In the 1950s air conditioning gradually replaced table fans.

# data[].attributes.body
The 8-track tape player was a widely used audio device from the 1960s through the early 1980s. It was rectangular and bulky, often measuring about 12 inches wide and 8 inches deep. Its size made it a prominent feature in homes and cars. The primary function of the 8-track tape player was to play 8-track magnetic tapes, which allowed users to listen to music. The price of an 8-track tape player was generally moderate, making it accessible to many music enthusiasts of the time.

# data[].attributes.body
China

iPhones are primarily assembled in China, with components sourced globally ². Apple has also shifted a small amount of iPhone production from China to India ³. To learn which country your iPhone was made for, you can check the model number in the settings ¹.his month marks 10 years since Apple launched the first iPhone, a device that would fundamentally transform how we interact with technology, culture, and each other. Ahead of that anniversary, Motherboard editor Brian Merchant embarked on an investigation to uncover the iPhone’s untold origin. The One Device: The secret history of the iPhone, out on June 20th, traces that journey from Kenyan mines to Chinese factories all the way to One Infinite Loop. The following excerpt has been lightly condensed and edited.

If you worked at Apple in the mid-2000s, you might have noticed a strange phenomenon afoot: people were disappearing.

It happened slowly at first. One day there’d be an empty chair where a star engineer used to sit. A key member of the team, gone. Nobody could tell you exactly where they went.

“I had been hearing rumblings about, well, it was unclear what was being built, but it was clear that a lot of the best engineers from the best teams had been slurped over to this mysterious team,” says Evan Doll, who was then a software engineer at Apple.

Here’s what was happening to those star engineers. First, a couple of managers had shown up in their office unannounced and closed the door behind them. Managers like Henri Lamiraux, a director of software engineering, and Richard Williamson, a director of software.

One such star engineer was Andre Boule. He’d been at the company only a few months.

“Henri and I walked into his office,” Williamson recalls, “and we said, ‘Andre, you don’t really know us, but we’ve heard a lot about you, and we know you’re a brilliant engineer, and we want you to come work with us on a project we can’t tell you about. And we want you to do it now. Today.’ ”

Boule was incredulous, then suspicious. “Andre said, ‘Can I have some time to think about it?’ ” Williamson says. “And we said, ‘No.’ ” They wouldn’t, and couldn’t, give him any more details. Still, by the end of the day, Boule had signed on. “We did that again and again across the company,” Williamson says. Some engineers who liked their jobs just fine said no, and they stayed in Cupertino. Those who said yes, like Boule, went to work on the iPhone.

And their lives would never be the same — at least, not for the next two and a half years. Not only would they be working overtime to hammer together the most influential piece of consumer technology of their generation, but they’d be doing little else. Their personal lives would disappear, and they wouldn’t be able to talk about what they were working on. Steve Jobs “didn’t want anyone to leak it if they left the company,” says Tony Fadell, one of the top Apple executives who helped build the iPhone. “He didn’t want anyone to say anything. He just didn’t want — he was just naturally paranoid.”

More on The One Device /

Hear Nilay Patel interview Brian Merchant about the reporting behind The One Device on a special episode of the Vergecast.

Jobs told Scott Forstall, who would become the head of the iPhone software division, that even he couldn’t breathe a word about the phone to anyone, inside Apple or out, who wasn’t on the team. “He didn’t want, for secrecy reasons, for me to hire anyone outside of Apple to work on the user interface,” Forstall said. “But he told me I could move anyone in the company into this team.”

# data[].attributes.body
The history of radio began with the experiments of inventors and scientists like Guglielmo Marconi and Nikola Tesla in the 1890s:

1894

Marconi built a lab at his family's villa in Italy to transmit experimental broadcasts, based on the work of physicists and other inventors.

1895

Marconi developed a practical wireless radio communication system and filed a patent for it in England in 1896.

1895–1900

Tesla conducted experiments with radio transmissions and wireless communication.

1901

Marconi transmitted a radio signal across the Atlantic Ocean from Cornwall, England to Newfoundland, Canada, which laid the foundation for future radio development.

Marconi is often called the "father of radio" because he proved that radio waves could be used for communication. However, Tesla also demonstrated a wireless radio in St. Louis, Missouri in 1893, and filed for patents for his radio in the U.S. in 1900.

Radio's impact on society has been more lasting than most other media. Before television, radio allowed people to learn about each other through news, music, dramas, interviews, and stories. The Radio Corporation of America (RCA) produced many popular shows during the "Golden Age of Radio", including The Lone Ranger, The Shadow, and I Love a Mystery.

Technology. Radio waves are radiated by electric charges undergoing acceleration. ... As they travel farther from the transmiiting

Licensed commercial public radio stations. ... It is commonly attributed to KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which in October 192

History of the Radio | Tech Wholesale

In 1893 the inventor Nikolai Tesla demonstrated a wireless radio in St. Louis, Missouri. Despite this demonstration, it was Guglie...

Tech Wholesale

# data[].attributes.body
People in the past listened to music with a cassette. Cassette player have various different names or models depends on what they need. One of them was a Walkman, Walkman is a portable cassette player from Sony since 1979. Walkman Cassette players were very popular during the 1980s. They have to put the Cassette onto the player before they can listen to songs. Back then people have to bring Cassettes wherever they go or sometimes they made a mixtape which was consist of many songs in one Cassette. They also had Cassette Deck, Cassette Deck is a type of machine for playing and recording audio for Cassettes, a Cassette Deck is older than a Walkman. A Cassette tape’s size was around 5.25inch x 4inch or 13cm x 10cm. Cassette player became really popular because they were smaller and easier to bring around.

# data[].attributes.body
Towels are used to wipe the body. At that time, towels could be said to be quite expensive because they were made from cotton or silk. The towel is rectangular and the size depends on the person using it. Towels must be kept clean so they don't carry germs.

# data[].attributes.body
People in the past use to work on computer, like us now. Old computer was use for mathematic like calculator. Old computer were invented in 1822 by Charles Babbage. Computer in the old time was very difficult not like the computer now, it was heavy, laggy, and glitchy but people don't care about that. Old computer usually have about 25 or 23 MB storage system. Because of that people made an old usb card that are called Floppy disk that keep around 1.4 MB or 1.5 MB. So many people buys hundred of thousend Floppy disk to keep their computer going.

# data[].attributes.body
A CD player is an electronic device that plays audio CDs. After a year of experimentations and discussions, the first CD player were published in 1980. CDs was gaining popularity in the 1990s, quickly outselling the player too. A lot of generations were listening to music with a CD player, until now that technology has increasingly advanced. Many people said listening with a CD player often sounds better than the compressed formats used by streaming services. But since the production isn't as widespread as it was before, the price of a CD player is getting higher. So its a two-on-two situation, but i'd listen to music with a CD player if i was a teen in the 90s too.

# data[].attributes.body
The first PlayStation, known simply as the PlayStation or PS1, was released by Sony on December 3, 1994, in Japan, and later in 1995 in North America, Europe, and other regions. It was a revolutionary console that helped shape the future of gaming.

Key Information about the First PlayStation:

Development History:

Origins: The PlayStation's development began after a failed collaboration between Sony and Nintendo in the early 1990s. Originally, Sony was working with Nintendo to create a CD-ROM add-on for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES). However, the partnership fell apart, leading Sony to develop its own gaming console.

Release Date: December 3, 1994 (Japan); September 9, 1995 (North America); September 29, 1995 (Europe).

Impact: The PlayStation was Sony's first entry into the video game console market, and it quickly became a massive success. It was the first console to sell over 100 million units worldwide, reaching this milestone in 2005.

# data[].attributes.body
BlackBerry is a cellphone brand that was originally developed by a Canadian company called Research In Motion (RIM). Founded in 1984 by Mike Lazaridis and Douglas Fregin, RIM rose to fame in the late 1990s with the launch of the BlackBerry phone known for its QWERTY keyboard and highly innovative email features at the time.In 1999, RIM launched the BlackBerry 850, the first device known as the BlackBerry. It is a handheld device that combines the functions of a telephone with the capabilities of email, utilizing a wireless network to send and receive messages in real-time. The BlackBerry 850 stands out for its QWERTY keyboard that allows fast and efficient typing, as well as a strong encryption system for data securit

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
BlackBerry is a cellphone brand that was originally developed by a Canadian company called Research In Motion (RIM). Founded in 1984 by Mike Lazaridis and Douglas Fregin, RIM rose to fame in the late 1990s with the launch of the BlackBerry phone known for its QWERTY keyboard and highly innovative email features at the time.In 1999, RIM launched the BlackBerry 850, the first device known as the BlackBerry. It is a handheld device that combines the functions of a telephone with the capabilities of email, utilizing a wireless network to send and receive messages in real-time. The BlackBerry 850 stands out for its QWERTY keyboard that allows fast and efficient typing, as well as a strong encryption system for data securit

# data[].attributes.body
BlackBerry is a cellphone brand that was originally developed by a Canadian company called Research In Motion (RIM). Founded in 1984 by Mike Lazaridis and Douglas Fregin, RIM rose to fame in the late 1990s with the launch of the BlackBerry phone known for its QWERTY keyboard and highly innovative email features at the time.In 1999, RIM launched the BlackBerry 850, the first device known as the BlackBerry. It is a handheld device that combines the functions of a telephone with the capabilities of email, utilizing a wireless network to send and receive messages in real-time. The BlackBerry 850 stands out for its QWERTY keyboard that allows fast and efficient typing, as well as a strong encryption system for data securit

# data[].attributes.body
Old Time Telephone

Inventor: Alexander Graham Bell is officially recognized as the inventor of the telephone. However, there are also other inventors such as Antonio Meucci who claim to have invented a similar device first.

Initial Function: The primary function of the telephone was initially for long-distance voice communication. People could talk directly to each other without having to meet face to face, especially for business purposes and intercity communication.

Price: In its early days, telephones were a very expensive luxury. Only certain groups could afford them. The cost of installing and subscribing to a telephone was also very high.

# data[].attributes.body
Thrown

Thrown, or more rare called "The Queen's Throws" Was a type of thrown that was already back in around 800 - 1034.

it was quite big, and and old, the thrown was also made by king Anglo-Saxon, Alfred's son Edward the Elder

The thrown was often for the British empire and even the British Period, The thrown was also the first And most Oldest Thrown in the 2nd of country on England, This thrown was the most valuable thrown in England, Which make this thrown a lot history about queen's and king's war from death to love, and even how such more often about their love story about the British Period

This Thrown was also the sit by the most Longest Period of all Queen's like, Queen Elizabeth 1, Queen Victory, Queen Elizabeth 2, this 3 queens were the most longest reign in history of Britain, and they made history about their love story and even story of their reign by their most uncommon self

First, Lets talk about Queen Elizabeth 1, Queen Elizabeth 1 was a virgin queen, She never married because she is the last reign and the Tudor dynasty, Queen Elizabeth was also threaten by her Sister, Queen Mary, The catholic Bloody Mary, Queen Mary was also a queen, and she was a queen who kills Catholicism people, for bringing his father's dynasty of killing the Catholicism in 1456, Queen Elizabeth 1 was never been married, when after her sister Lady Mary (Queen Mary), Ask her in 1578, will she be married when Elizabeth reign England, But after Elizabeth realize of what her step-mother, Queen Catherine Howard executed by his father King Henry, She was Guilt by her own father and also threatened by her destiny from of his father execution to her mother's cousin Queen Catherine Howard

Elizabeth was very disappointed about his father reign about killing people from Catholicism, since then, their another history before Lady Mary (Queen Mary) Became a Queen, Queen Jane, 9 days becoming a Queen only, Lady Jane or Lady Jane Grey was a nine day Queen, Who was threated by her stepcousin, Lady Mary (Queen Mary), she was executed for being high treason. She and all her supporters were found guilty. She might have been spared and exiled but for a Protestant rebellion in January of 1554 against Mary's engagement to the Catholic king of Spain, Philip II.

and after queen jane nine days of being a queen died, Lady Mary Became Queen, Who is Queen Mary Tudor, The Reign of Queen Mary was 1553 - 1558, she was the most bloody Mary, Of all queens she was also the killing queen who Reign by Protestant people and the Catholicism people were also bein threaten by her dynasty and mercy of all time, after all the Catholicism, Queen Mary was also Shock after hearing her Sister, Lady Elizabeth (Queen Elizabeth 1) Was a protestant, and she was mad furious after finding out about her own sister, and then Queen Mary face to face to Lady Elizabeth about her becoming a protestant, But Lady Elizabeth hasn't give up, because she is the right path being a protestant, and Queen Mary was also sick of dead Poison Cancer, because of her miscarriage her own child, And after Queen Mary 1 died at 17 November 1558, The New queen of England to Ireland and Scotland Reign to, Lady Elizabeth

All history about this 3 Queens reign by her own mercy and wealth by her most reign of all time,

i hope you find my text helpful!! Thanks!

# data[].attributes.body
It has been demonstrated that the Babylonians had a working knowledge of soap production as early as 2800 BC. Archaeologists have discovered soap-like substance in ancient clay cylinders from this era. What we interpret to be "fats boiled with ashes" (a process for producing soap) was written on these cylinders.

Sources: The America Cleaning Institute https://www.cleaninginstitute.org/understanding-products/why-clean/soaps-detergents-history#:~:text=Evidence%20has%20been%20found%20that,a%20method%20of%20making%20soap

# data[].attributes.body
Origin of Color Pencils

The early history of colored pencils is not very well documented. It is known that the ancient Greeks used writing tools similar to our waxes and there are proofs that the Romans also used colored waxes. Allen Greig points out that the first wooden-covered colored pencils appeared in the 19th century and were used for “checking and marking”.

Inventor of the Color Pencil

Staedtler, a German company owned by Johann Sebastian Staedtler, invented the oil pencil in 1834. The production of colored pencils for artistic purposes began at the dawn of the 20th century. The talented colored pencil artist, Allen Greig specifies that the first artistic colored pencils were invented and produced in 1924 by Faber-Castell and Caran d’Ache. Berol began manufacturing his range of pencils in 1938.

Other major brands that also created colored pencils in the late 1930s and early 1940s were Derwent, Progresso, Lyra Rembrandt, and Blick Studio. Few manufacturers claim to have invented the first watercolor pencil, a type of pencil with a water-soluble core whose origin remains uncertain.

# data[].attributes.body
In October of 1958, Physicist William Higinbotham invented the first video game. Higinbotham's game was a tennis match called "Tennis for Two" and was introduced at Brookhaven National Laboratory annual visitors days on October 18, 1958. Regarding this, there are some claims that earlier video games were made way before Tennis for Two was published, but it was invalid. Tennis for Two resembles a video game that was made in the 1970s by Atari which was Pong, despite the popular belief, Pong was not the first video game ever created. The game mimics Ping-Pong and it first appeared on a coin-operated arcade at bars and restaurants. Written by Anna Kaufman (2022).

# data[].attributes.body
The hourglass was an ancient timekeeping device that was created in the 14th century. It was made in an hourglass shape, with two glass bulbs connected by a narrow neck. The size was usually small enough to hold in one hand, though some versions were larger. Its main function was to measure a set amount of time by allowing sand to flow from one bulb to the other. The price of the hourglass during its early use was likely modest, as it was commonly used by sailors, churches, and other groups for timing purposes.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
First, the cable telephone was like this and developed in the 19th century onwards.

# data[].attributes.body
The wired telephone was invented in 1876 by Alexander Graham Bell. The shape of cable telephones has changed from time to time.
In the past, the function of the telephone was for communication, but it was still limited over long distances. The price was also expensive.
The size was big and could not be moved anywhere because it needed cable to connected.
The significant change occurred due to the addition of the button. Star button (*), hashtag (#), and dial button for repeating calls to the same number. In addition, the number key has also increased to 12 digits.
1980 marked the end of cable telephones. In that year, cordless telephones began to become popular.

# data[].attributes.body
In 1903, a French artillery captain named Léon Levavasseur proposed the Levavasseur project, was a canon autopropulseur ("self- propelled cannon"), moved by a caterpillar system and fully armoured for protection. Powered by an 80 hp petrol engine, "the Levavasseur machine would have had a crew of three, storage for ammunition, and a cross-country ability", but the viability of the project was disputed by the Artillery Technical Committee, until it was formally abandoned in 1908 when it was known that a caterpillar tractor had been developed, the Hornsby of engineer David Roberts.Gossiping can cause mistrust, damage reputations, spread false information, foster negativity, and harm relationships within a community or groupBergosip dapat menyebabkan ketidakpercayaan, merusak reputasi, menyebarkan informasi palsu, menumbuhkan hal-hal negatif, dan merusak hubungan dalam suatu komunitas atau kelompok.”

# data[].attributes.body
Radio is one of the most important inventions in the history of communications. The discovery of radio began in the late 19th century by scientists such as James Maxwell, Heinrich Hertz and Guglielmo Marconi. With the advent of radio, wireless communication became possible and brought about revolutionary changes in the way humans interact. Now to use radio we don't have to rely on analog wave modulation techniques (frequency and amplitude), but can do it digitally via the internet. What is Radio? Radio is a technology that uses radio waves to convey information in the form of sound (audio) and images (visual). The radio technology technique is to systematically modulate electromagnetic energy waves and then spread them through space. This wave modulation can be via frequency (FM) or amplitude (AM). History and Use of Radio in the Past Radio technology was first discovered in the 19th century by the perseverance of three scholars, including a natural science theorist named James Maxwell who succeeded in finding a formula that was thought to be able to create electromagnetic waves, namely the waves used for radio and television waves (1865). Based on his theory that magnetic movement can travel through space at a speed almost the same as the speed of light (186,000 miles/second). Maxwell's theory was proven by Heinrich Hertz in 1884. However, it was only used for practical purposes by Guglielmo Marconi who succeeded in finding a way of wireless transmission by creating radio in 1894. At that time, radio was still limited to maritime use.

# data[].attributes.body
Flutes are not a modern instruments, it was a popular ancient, wood instruments that was invented hundreds years ago. Flute were the oldest woodwind instrument, dating to 900 B.C. or earlier. The first likely flute was called the "ch-ie" and emerged in China. Early flutes were played in two different positions: vertically, like a recorder, or horizontally, called the transverse position. The transverse flute first arrived in Europe with traders from the Byzantine Empire during the Middle Ages and flowered in Germany, became known as the German flute. During the 1100s and 1200s, the flute was widely used in courtly music and saw use as a military signaling and marching tool, it became more popular at the 1300. During the Renaissance, it became fashionable for amateur flute players to practice and play together. The flute was an important part of these groupings. By 1600, plucked and bowed instruments were combined with flute mixed consort music.

During the 1600s and 1700s, flute makers in Italy, the Netherlands, and France experimented with the flute’s design, adding features like an E flat tone hole and dividing it into sections for easier travel. It were growing solo flute repertoire by composers like Vivaldi and Bach. By the mid-1700s, London makers added keys to the baroque flute, improving tuning and expanding its range. Theobald Boehm later introduced a key system that revolutionized flute design, leading to the modern flute.

Flute produces sound when a stream of air was directed against the edge of a hole, causing the air within the body of the instrument to vibrate. Most flutes are tubular, but some were globular or other shapes.

# data[].attributes.body
An Austrian automobile entrepreneur, Emil Jellinek, trademarked the name “Mercedes” after his daughter, Mercedes Jellinek. The name Mercedes, meaning "grace" in Spanish, was a tribute to his beloved daughter.

The first Mercedes, officially known as the Mercedes 35 HP, was revolutionary. It was designed by Wilhelm Maybach, the chief engineer of the DMG company at the time, and the car was unveiled in March 1901. The Mercedes 35 HP was far ahead of its time in terms of design and performance. With its low center of gravity, lightweight yet powerful engine, and innovative cooling concept, it set new standards in the automotive industry.

Benz and Gottlieb Daimler later combined their companies in 1926, and thus began the production of the first brand-name Mercedes-Benz models.

# data[].attributes.body
Formula One was first defined in 1946 by the Commission Sportive Internationale (CSI) of the FIA, forerunner of FISA, as the premier single-seater racing category in worldwide motorsport to become effective in 1947. This new "International Formula" was initially known variously as Formula A, Formula I, or Formula 1 with the corresponding "Voiturette" formula being titled Formula B, Formula II, or Formula 2. When the 500cc formula was internationally recognised as Formula 3 in 1950 it was never titled as "Formula C" so the three International Formulae were then "officially" titled Formula 1, Formula 2 and Formula 3.

In the beginning, the formula was largely based on pre-World War II regulations defined by engine capacity. The regulation expected to bring a new balance between supercharged and normally aspirated cars. Non-supercharged 4.5-litre pre-war Grand Prix cars were allowed to race against the pre-war 1.5-litre supercharged 'voiturettes', while pre-war supercharged 3-litre Grand Prix cars were banned.

There is some debate as to what can be considered to be the first Formula 1 race. The first race under the new regulations was the 1946 Turin Grand Prix held on 1 September, the race being won by Achille Varzi in an Alfa Romeo 158 Alfetta - but this was before the Formula was officially in place. The next contender is the 1947 Swedish Winter Grand Prix which was won by Reg Parnell driving an ERA - but this race was run on ice and some consider that it therefore was not a "proper" race (there is also some doubt whether it was a Formula 1 race or a Formule Libre race). The third claimant is the 1947 Pau Grand Prix which was won by Nello Pagani driving a Maserati 4CL, which is irrefutable.

Championships for drivers or constructors were not introduced immediately. In the early years there were around 20 races held from late Spring to early Autumn (Fall) in Europe, although not all of these were considered significant. Most competitive cars came from Italy, particularly Maserati. Races saw pre-war heroes like Rudolf Caracciola, Manfred Von Brauchitsch and Tazio Nuvolari end their careers, while drivers like Alberto Ascari and Juan Manuel Fangio rose to the front.

# data[].attributes.body
Chess is a board game generally played by two people. Chess consists of a checkered board consisting of 64 squares, arranged in an 8x8 grid, divided equally, 32 squares each in black and white color groups. This chess game has been played by millions of people throughout the world, including Indonesia. The game of chess is believed to have originated in India, called chaturanga, around the 7th century. The way to play is to watch all the player's movements. Initially, each player has 16 chess pieces, consisting of one king, one queen, two rooks, two horses, two elephants, and eight pieces or pawns.

# data[].attributes.body
The first submarine, built by Cornelis Drebbel in 1620, was made from wood and covered with leather. It was shaped like a barrel or an elongated egg. Its size was small, just enough to fit a few people. The submarine was hand-powered and could only submerge a few feet under the water. It had no weapons and its main function was exploration. Drebbel’s invention was simple, slow, and not very effective, but it was the first step toward underwater travel

# data[].attributes.body
The first torture machine

A proposed device that is well designed for torture, was the brazen bull. This absolute thing of a beast was a torture device that is made hollow, and materialized of bronze. The victim were to be put into said device and to be set ablaze. The poor victim screams as their body burns into dust, and the-equipped acoustic apparatus that converted the screams of the dying into what sounded like the bellows of a bull.

# data[].attributes.body
The sewing machine was a revolutionary invention that transformed the way clothes were made. It was first patented in 1790 by Thomas Saint, but the machines of that time were large and difficult to operate.

In the mid-19th century, Elias Howe introduced a practical sewing machine with a lockstitch mechanism. This machine was smaller and easier to use than earlier models. It had a needle that went up and down through the fabric, and a bobbin that held the thread for the underside of the stitch. Howe's machine was a great improvement, but it was still expensive and not widely available.

Isaac Singer, another inventor, made significant contributions to the sewing machine. He improved Howe's design and developed a pedal-powered machine that was easier to operate. Singer also established a successful business selling sewing machines to the public. His machines were affordable and reliable, and they became popular with both homemakers and seamstresses.

Sewing machines were typically made of metal and had a rectangular shape. They were usually quite heavy and required a sturdy table to support them. The machines had a variety of functions, including straight stitching, zigzag stitching, and buttonhole making. Some machines also had attachments for embroidery and quilting.

The sewing machine was a vital tool for the Industrial Revolution, as it allowed clothing to be produced more efficiently and at a lower cost. It also enabled people to make their own clothes at home, which was a significant change in society.

# data[].attributes.body
It was the year 1931, where the first electric guitar was invented. According to Wikipedia, the first electrically amplified stringed instrument to be marketed commercially was a cast aluminium lap steel guitar nicknamed the "Frying Pan" designed by George Beauchamp, the general manager of the National Stringed Instrument Corporation, with Paul Barth, who was vice president. The instrument earned its name because its shape resembles a frying pan: it has a flat, circular body, and the neck represents the “handle.” It was a lap steel guitar designed to cash in on the popularity of Hawaiian music during the 1930s.

(n/a) (2010), The Evolution of the Electric Guitar, Truefire, https://blog.truefire.com/inspiration/first-electric-guitar-evolution/

How electric guitars function.

A vibrating string cuts through the field of a bar magnet in the pickup, producing a signal in the pickup's coil. To produce sound, an electric guitar senses the vibrations of the strings electronically and routes an electronic signal to an amplifier and speaker.

Marshall Brain, (n/a), How Electric Guitars Work, Howstuffworks, https://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/electric-guitar.htm#:~:text=A%20vibrating%20string%20cuts%20through,to%20an%20amplifier%20and%20speaker.

The Frying Pan guitar was sold around $4,500.00.

# data[].attributes.body
The Nissan Skyline GT-R (Japanese: 日産・スカイラインGT-R, Hepburn: Nissan Sukairain GT-R) is a Japanese sports car based on the Nissan Skyline range. The first cars named "Skyline GT-R" were produced between 1969 and 1972 under the model code KPGC10, and were successful in Japanese touring car racing events. This model was followed by a brief production run of second-generation cars, under model code KPGC110, in 1973.

After a 16-year hiatus, the GT-R name was revived in 1989 as the BNR32 ("R32") Skyline GT-R. Group A specification versions of the R32 GT-R were used to win the Japanese Touring Car Championship for four years in a row. The R32 GT-R also had success in the Australian Touring Car Championship, with Jim Richards using it to win the championship in 1991 and Mark Skaife doing the same in 1992, until a regulation change excluded the GT-R in 1993. The technology and performance of the R32 GT-R prompted the Australian motoring publication Wheels to nickname the GT-R "Godzilla" in its July 1989 edition.[1][2] Wheels then carried the name through all the generations of Skyline GT-Rs, most notably the R34 GT-R, which they nicknamed "Godzilla Returns", and described as "The best handling car we have ever driven". In tests conducted by automotive publications, R34 GT-R have covered a quarter of a mile  (402 metres) in 12.2 seconds from a standing start time and accelerated from 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) in 4.4 seconds.

The Skyline GT-R became the flagship of Nissan performance, showing many advanced technologies including the ATTESA E-TS All-wheel drive system and the Super-HICAS four-wheel steering. Today, the car is popular for import drag racing, circuit track, time attack and events hosted by tuning magazines. Production of the Skyline GT-R ended in August 2002. The car was replaced by the GT-R (R35), an all-new vehicle based on an enhanced version of the Skyline V36 platform. Although visibly different, the two vehicles share similar design features and are manufactured in the same factory.

The Skyline GT-R was never manufactured outside Japan, and the sole export markets were Hong Kong, Singapore, Australia and New Zealand, in 1991,[3] and the UK (in 1997, due to the Single Vehicle Approval scheme[4]). They are also popular across the world as used Japanese imports.

Despite this, the Skyline GT-R has become an iconic sports car as a grey import vehicle in the Western world (mainly the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Ireland, Canada, and the United States).[5][6][7][8] It has become notable through pop culture such as The Fast and the Furious, Initial D, Shakotan Boogie, Wangan Midnight, Need for Speed, Forza, Driving Emotion Type-S, Test Drive, and Gran Turismo. In 2019, Nismo announced that it would resume production of spare parts for all generations of the Skyline GT-R, including body panels and engines.

# data[].attributes.body
During its development, the pen underwent a change in shape at the tip, which was pointed but had a gap to store and dispense ink. In the 16th century, bird feather stems were widely used by people as practical writing tools.

The bird's feathers became a model for the creation of modern pens, which can be sharpened, flexible, and do not break easily when under pressure from the user's hand.

In the 19th century, 300 years after the use of bird feathers, pen materials began to be made from metal. Although the metal pen still has to be dipped into the ink bottle and used until the tip is dry. However, pens have experienced very rapid development. Basically, pens were developed in the 19th century, using the same methods as thousands of years ago in Ancient Egypt.

ADVERTISEMENT

In 1884, Lewis Waterman, began trying to create a pen that was easy to use. At first he felt bored with the pen which had to be dipped into the ink bottle continuously. For him, this method is very impractical, apart from the cleanliness factor, the ink he uses will also increase.

At that time, the flow of ink was very difficult to control, making it impossible to insert it into a medium. Lewis Waterman also looked for a solution so that the ink wouldn't spill easily, namely by using air.

He also created two channels that allow air and ink to move simultaneously. Finally he succeeded in making a tool that could hold the ink line when inserted into a medium.

# data[].attributes.body
The oldest guitar in the world was a vihuela, an early form of the guitar that originated in Spain during the 15th century. It was quite different from modern guitars.

- The price was unknown because it was made by craftsmen and not sold in markets like modern guitars. These instruments were often custom-made for wealthy individuals.

- Its shape was similar to a figure-eight, like modern guitars, but it was thinner and smaller.

- The size was smaller than today's guitars, with a narrow body and a short neck.

- The vihuela was used primarily for playing classical music and was popular in the Spanish royal courts. Its strings were made of gut, not metal or nylon like modern guitars.

- The materials were wood, but the wood was not as durable as modern guitar woods, and the construction techniques were much simpler.

- There were fewer strings—usually 6 double strings (paired), which were tuned differently from modern guitars.

The vihuela was considered the ancestor of the modern guitar and influenced the development of string instruments in Europe.

# data[].attributes.body
By : Calya Queennisa 8A

Clock was found in 1505. Theres a boy name Henlein. Henlein was raised at Nuremberg. His parent is an blacksmith. When he was young, he apprenticed to a locksmith. He get many knowledge from his experice, to be locksmith. In 1505 he invented the world's first watch, a gold-plated pomander. In November 1509, he became master of the City Locksmiths' Guild. He is best known for making small portable brass watches with decorative springs. The oldest watch were owned by Elizabeth I. This watch is a product that has just been released. The watch has a leather strap.

# data[].attributes.body
The 1973 Porsche 911 RSR was a famous race car known for its performance. The price of the 911 RSR was quite high for its time, due to its special design and engineering. It had a distinctive shape with a wide body and a large rear wing to help with aerodynamics. The cars were compact, similar in size to the regular 911 but wider to fit racing tires and improve handling. They featured a 2.8-liter flat-six engine that gave them great speed and handling on the track. The 911 RSRs were built for racing, with a lightweight body, strong suspension, and improved brakes and cooling systems, making them very effective in endurance races.

# data[].attributes.body
Televisions can be found in billions of homes around the world. But 100 years ago, nobody even knew what a television was. In fact, as late as 1947, only a few thousand Americans owned televisions.

These early televisions started appearing in the early 1800s. They involved mechanically scanning images then transmitting those images onto a screen. Compared to electronic televisions, they were extremely rudimentary.

One of the first mechanical televisions used a rotating disk with holes arranged in a spiral pattern. This device was created independently by two inventors: Scottish inventor John Logie Baird and American inventor Charles Francis Jenkins. Both devices were invented in the early 1920s.

Prior to these two inventors, German inventor Paul Gottlieb Nipkow had developed the first mechanical television. That device sent images through wires using a rotating metal disk. Instead of calling the device a television, however, Nipkow called it an “electric telescope”. The device had 18 lines of resolution.

# data[].attributes.body
The first violin was made around the 16th century, and its creation is often attributed to Andrea Amati, a luthier from Cremona, Italy. He was one of the earliest known violin makers who shaped the violin into the form that is recognizable today. Amati was commissioned by the French court, which helped popularize the violin across Europe.

The early violins crafted by Amati were smaller in size compared to modern violins, and their shape was slightly different with broader and less defined curves. The instrument had four strings tuned in perfect fifths, which was a new development compared to earlier string instruments like the viola da gamba. The violins were made of spruce for the top plate and maple for the back, sides, and neck. The fingerboard was shorter, and the neck was angled differently, which affected the instrument’s sound and playability.

The price of these early violins was high, as they were considered luxury items and were custom-made for wealthy patrons, including royalty and noblemen. They were used in various settings, such as court music, religious ceremonies, and later, in orchestras as the violin's popularity grew.

The function of the early violins was to produce a bright and resonant sound that could project well in both indoor and outdoor settings. This made them suitable for a variety of musical genres, from lively dances to solemn church music. Early violins played a very essential role in the evolution of Western music, as they offered greater versatility and expressiveness compared to earlier string instruments.

# data[].attributes.body
Little Willie, the world's first tank, was a groundbreaking prototype built in Britain in 1915. Designed to overcome the stalemate of trench warfare, Little Willie was a heavily armored vehicle with a caterpillar tread. Despite its primitive design and limited mobility, it proved to be a valuable stepping stone in the development of the Mark I, the first tank to be used in combat. Little Willie's legacy lives on as a symbol of innovation and the evolution of military technology.

# data[].attributes.body
The first car in the world was invented by Karl Benz in 1885. It was a three-wheeled vehicle called the Benz Patent-Motorwagen. The car was very small and had a simple design. It had a single-cylinder engine and was powered by steam. The car was priced at 1,500 German marks, which was a very high price at the time.

Despite its simple design, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen was a significant achievement. It was the first self-propelled vehicle that could be used on public roads. The car was a major step forward in transportation and paved the way for the development of the modern automobile.

# data[].attributes.headline
The first headphones we would recognize as such were the invention of an American named Nathaniel Baldwin. Known as a “Radio Head-Set”, Baldwin's device was sat comfortably on the head. Two ear cups were connected by a headband in a design that headphones have maintained in basic form up to the present day.

# data[].attributes.subject
The first headphones we would recognize as such were the invention of an American named Nathaniel Baldwin. Known as a “Radio Head-Set”, Baldwin's device was sat comfortably on the head. Two ear cups were connected by a headband in a design that headphones have maintained in basic form up to the present day.

# data[].attributes.body
The first book is thought to have appeeared in Egypt in the 2400s BC, after the egyptians created papyrus paper.

Papyrus paper containing writing was rolled into the shape of the first book