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Q3. ‘Sweets and More’ is one of India's most popular brand for snacks and sweets, It offers a wide range of sweets, namkeens, cookies and frozen foods. Its organisational structure comprises of separate business units in each of the above categories. Each of these units have a manager responsible for performance, having authority over the unit. Moreover, each of these units is multi-functional as within each unit, different functions like production, marketing. finance, etc. are performed. Though this kind of organizational structure leads to increased cost because of duplication of activities across products, but it provides a proper basis for performance measurement as revenues and costs related to each of these business units can be easily identified.

(a) Identify the organisational structure of ‘Sweets and More.’

(b) State three advantages and two disadvantages of the organisational structure identified in   a) which are not discussed in the above case. [6]

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Q2. One of the questions that needs to be answered in the organizing function is ‘At what level are decisions made’? Decision making authority in an organization can be pushed down to the lower levels or it may lie with the top management. However it is not an ‘either or’ concept.

When an organization grows in size or complexity, there is tendency towards sharing decision making authority with the lower levels. This is because in large organizations, employees who are closely involved with certain operations tend to have more knowledge about them than the top management.

An important concept of organizing function is discussed above. Identify the concept and state any three points of its importance. [4]

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Q1. Anoop Gaur started ‘Cat’s Eye’, a company for providing cyber security solutions to businesses. Its objective to prevent, detect, respond to cyber attacks and protect critical data. He was a hardworking software engineer and an expert in cyber security.

His reputation grew by leaps and bounds as he was not only a person of integrity but also did his work with utmost honesty and sincerity. The business started growing day by day. He was delighted when he was offered a big project by the Ministry of Science & Technology. While working on the project he found that the volume of work made it impractical for him to handle all the work by himself. Therefore he decided to expand the team.

The company maintained a close liaison with an engineering college in the State. During a campus placement, Aarav and Pranshi were appointed to work for the new project. He found the new employees capable, enthusiastic and trustworthy. Anoop was thus, able to focus on the objectives and with the help of Aarav and Pranshi, the project was completed on time. Not only this, Anoop was also able to extend his area of operations. On the other hand, Aarav and Pranshi also got opportunities to develop and exercise initiative.

a) Identify and explain briefly the concept used by Anoop Gaur in the above case which helped him in focussing on the objectives.

(b) Also, explain any four points of importance of the concept identified in part (a). [6]

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