# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
The United States Constitution does not set forth an explicit right to health care, and the Supreme Court has never interpreted the Constitution as guaranteeing a right to health care services from the government for those who cannot afford it.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
Federal taxes fund public insurance programs, such as Medicare, Medicaid, CHIP, and military health insurance programs (Veteran's Health Administration, TRICARE). The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services is the largest governmental source of health coverage funding.

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Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
private

In the US, ownership of the healthcare system is mainly in private hands, though federal, state, county, and city governments also own certain facilities. As of 2018, there were 5,534 registered hospitals in the US.

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Of the subtypes of health insurance coverage, employer-based insurance was the most common, covering 54.3 percent of the population for some or all of the calendar year, followed by Medicaid (18.9 percent), Medicare (18.4 percent), direct-purchase coverage (10.2 percent), TRICARE (2.5 percent), and VA and CHAMPVA coverage (1.0 percent).

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Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
Out-of-pocket costs include deductibles, coinsurance, and copayments for covered services plus all costs for services that aren't covered.

# data[].attributes.body
Mandatory benefits include services including inpatient and outpatient hospital services, physician services, laboratory and x-ray services, and home health services, among others. Optional benefits include services including prescription drugs, case management, physical therapy, and occupational therapy.

# data[].attributes.body
Physicians are paid a percentage of either billings or collections, or they are paid based on the resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS) units assigned to procedures or patient-visit types

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
Health care facilities are largely owned and operated by private sector businesses. 58% of community hospitals in the United States are non-profit, 21% are government-owned, and 21% are for-profit.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
The U.S. ranks last in a measure of health care access and quality, indicating higher rates of amenable mortality than peer countries. Mortality amenable to healthcare is a measure of the rates of death considered preventable by timely and effective care.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
Canada has a decentralized, universal, publicly funded health system called Canadian Medicare. Health care is funded and administered primarily by the country's 13 provinces and territories. Each has its own insurance plan, and each receives cash assistance from the federal government on a per-capita basis.

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Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Canadian health care policy is to protect, promote and restore the physical and mental well-being of residents of Canada and to facilitate reasonable access to health services without financial or other barriers.

# data[].attributes.headline
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
Canada has a decentralized, universal, publicly funded health system called Canadian Medicare. Health care is funded and administered primarily by the country's 13 provinces and territories. Each has its own insurance plan, and each receives cash assistance from the federal government on a per-capita basis.

# data[].attributes.body
Canada has a universal health care system funded through taxes. This means that any Canadian citizen or permanent resident can apply for public health insurance. Each province and territory has a different health plan that covers different services and products.

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Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
In 1983, the Mexican Political Constitution was reformed to recognize health as a universal right requiring the government to coordinate the health system to ensure access to health to all citizens.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Public healthcare is provided to all Brazilian permanent residents and foreigners in Brazilian territory through the National Healthcare System, known as the Unified Health System (Portuguese: Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS). The SUS is universal and free for everyone.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
In Germany, a constitutional 'right to health' allows patients to challenge decisions by sickness funds to withhold reimbursement of treatment excluded from public funding because of insufficient evidence of effectiveness.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Under the NHS constitution, you have the right to make decisions about medical tests and treatment you receive. Staff should clearly explain any proposed tests or treatment, including the associated risks and benefits

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Country overview. France runs a statutory health insurance (SHI) system providing universal coverage for its residents. The system is financed through employee and employer contributions, and increasingly by earmarked taxes on a broad range of revenues.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Since 1996, Russia's constitution has provided citizens and residents with the right to free healthcare. This is provided by the state through the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund (also called the OMI or Obligatory Medical Insurance).

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
The Constitution provides that the state is responsible for determining national health policy to provide equal access to all health services, and article 11 provides that free access to health benefits is guaranteed by the state through public, private, or mixed entities

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
The insurance program is funded by the federal government as well as employer and employee fees. All employers must register with the IMSS which provides full government medical coverage, including outpatient care, inpatient care, maternity care, and disability and injury benefits

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
Health care in Brazil is financed by a wide range of actors with the public Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), private health insurance schemes and direct payments by private household being by far the most important payers

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
Contributions are pooled in a central fund and reallocated to sickness funds based on the health needs of their constituents. PHI is financed through premiums defined by individual health risk upon entry

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
All English residents are automatically entitled to free public health care through the National Health Service, including hospital, physician, and mental health care. The National Health Service budget is funded primarily through general taxation

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
France runs a statutory health insurance (SHI) system providing universal coverage for its residents. The system is financed through employee and employer contributions, and increasingly by earmarked taxes on a broad range of revenues.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
Since 1996, Russia's constitution has provided citizens and residents with the right to free healthcare. This is provided by the state through the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund (also called the OMI or Obligatory Medical Insurance). It is funded through payroll and employer contributions.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
In Peru, there are two kinds of social insurances to choose from — Seguro Integral de Salud (SIS) and EsSalud. SIS is authorized via the Ministry of Health and is designed to assist people with a low income and those who don't have foreign health insurance

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Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
Mexico has achieved universal health coverage and its public healthcare is used by most Mexican residents. Despite this, the private healthcare sector has grown considerably and is driven by increasing disposable income, the growth of medical tourism, and a demand for higher quality healthcare services.

# data[].attributes.headline
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
Brazil has a robust public health system that covers every person legally living in the country. The Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) is Brazil's national health system that reaches universal health coverage within the country.

# data[].attributes.headline
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
According to The Commonwealth Fund, Germany has universal health coverage provided by two systems, which are known as the Statutory Health Insurance (SHI) and the private health insurance (PHI).

# data[].attributes.headline
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
All English residents are automatically entitled to free public health care through the National Health Service, including hospital, physician, and mental health care. The National Health Service budget is funded primarily through general taxation.

# data[].attributes.headline
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
While private medical care exists in France, the 75% of doctors who are in the national program provide care free to the patient, with costs being reimbursed from government funds.

# data[].attributes.headline
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
Since 1996, Russia's constitution has provided citizens and residents with the right to free healthcare. This is provided by the state through the Federal Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund (also called the OMI or Obligatory Medical Insurance)

# data[].attributes.headline
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.subject
Is this a public or private health care system?

# data[].attributes.body
Peru's healthcare system is broadly divided into two — public and private sector. Peruvian public hospitals, polyclinics, and medical centers are supported by the Ministry of Health and Social Security.

# data[].attributes.body
In Mexico, you will have good private and public health insurance options. Public health care is usually provided by the IMSS through employment or voluntary enrollment. The INSABI provides health care to individuals who are not covered by IMSS or who do not have private insurance

# data[].attributes.body
Brazil has a robust public health system that covers every person legally living in the country. The Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) is Brazil's national health system that reaches universal health coverage within the country.

# data[].attributes.body
You have three options for health insurance while living in Germany: the government-regulated public health insurance scheme (gesetzliche Krankenversicherung - GKV), private health insurance from a German or international insurance company (PKV) or a combination of GKV and supplemental PKV.

# data[].attributes.body
The UK has a government-sponsored universal healthcare system called the National Health Service (NHS). The NHS consists of a series of publicly funded healthcare systems in the UK. It includes the National Health Services (England), NHS Scotland, NHS Wales and Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland.

# data[].attributes.body
France runs a statutory health insurance (SHI) system providing universal coverage for its residents. The system is financed through employee and employer contributions, and increasingly by earmarked taxes on a broad range of revenues.

# data[].attributes.body
Every Russian citizen and working resident receives free public health insurance through Russia's Obligatory Medical Insurance (OMI). Of course, free isn't really free. Employers pay about 2% to 3% of salaries into a social tax, part of which is used to fund the healthcare system.

# data[].attributes.body
Public health insurance is available to Peruvian nationals through two systems, Segura Integral de Salud (SIS) and EsSalud. SIS is regulated by the Peruvian Ministry of Health and is largely aimed at those who are poverty-stricken and have no health coverage

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
According to a new study from the Fraser Institute, a family of two adults and two children with a household income of an average $156,086 will pay an estimated $15,847 for public healthcare in 2022

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
Out-of-pocket costs in Mexico have decreased from 55% to 45% of health spending but it remains a burden for the population. High out-of-pocket spending has created significant financial barriers to health care access, particularly for low-income individuals.

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
There is no cost-sharing for health care services.

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
Out-of-pocket (OOP) payments accounted for 12.7% of Germany's health expenditure in 2019 – below the EU average of 15.4%. About one third of OOP expenditure is directed to LTC Long-Term Care

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
All other long-term services and supports are paid either out of pocket or by local authorities.

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
These out-of-pocket costs average EUR 1,500 (USD 1,900) per month, some of which can be covered by VHI. End-of-life care in hospitals is fully

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
Despite the constitutional right of all Russian citizens to free medical care, out-of-pocket payment is a widespread phenomenon for all types of medical treatment.

# data[].attributes.headline
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.subject
Are there out of pocket or additional user fees?

# data[].attributes.body
The Peru healthcare system is organized so that all Peruvians regardless of income can have free health services.

# data[].attributes.body
What's covered with your health card? The universal healthcare system covers essential medical visits, such as doctors' visits, hospital services (surgeries, both in-patient and out-patient), prescription drugs provided in hospital and immunizations.

# data[].attributes.body
In Mexico, you will have good private and public health insurance options. Public health care is usually provided by the IMSS through employment or voluntary enrollment. The INSABI provides health care to individuals who are not covered by IMSS or who do not have private insurance.

# data[].attributes.body
Brazil has a robust public health system that covers every person legally living in the country. The Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) is Brazil's national health system that reaches universal health coverage within the country.

# data[].attributes.body
Yes, all Germans and legal residents of Germany are entitled to free “medically necessary” public healthcare, which is funded by social security contributions. However, citizens must still have either state or private health insurance, covering at least hospital and outpatient medical treatment and pregnancy.

# data[].attributes.body
France has a high quality healthcare system that offers universal coverage for all citizens, regardless of age or economic situation. It consists of an integrated network of public and private services including doctors, hospitals, and specialist providers.

# data[].attributes.body
Patients access doctors, dentists, and medical specialists through the state system or privately. In recent years, some state facilities have begun to offer private treatment to those with insurance. Some private providers also offer some public healthcare services.

# data[].attributes.body
The Peru healthcare system is organized so that all Peruvians regardless of income can have free health services.

# data[].attributes.body
The predominant method of reimbursement for physicians' clinical activity in Canada is fee-for-service (FFS), but other models exist, such as salary, sessional payments, capitation and other contracts. Any non-FFS payments are referred to here as alternative payment plans (APPs).

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The average pay for a Medical Doctor is MXN 843,006 a year and MXN 405 an hour in Mexico. The average salary range for a Medical Doctor is between MXN 559,756 and MXN 1,072,304. On average, a Doctorate Degree is the highest level of education for a Medical Doctor.

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The average pay for a Physician is BRL 278,776 a year and BRL 134 an hour in Brazil. The average salary range for a Physician is between BRL 185,107 and BRL 354,603. On average, a Doctorate Degree is the highest level of education for a Physician.

# data[].attributes.body
A doctor's salary in Germany varies widely by speciality. HOW? A surgeon's average annual salary is €103,000, while a general practitioner is €65,944. Specialists are paid the same regardless of whether they work nights or weekends or have supervisory responsibilities, thanks to collective bargaining agreements

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An average doctor's salary in the UK is around 76,300 GBP per year. This average annual salary includes transport, housing, and other benefits. A doctor's salary in the United Kingdom also varies with the speciality and role in the career in the UK. An experienced doctor in the UK can earn up to 121,300 GBP per year.

# data[].attributes.body
Since the end of 2017, doctors and certain medical personnel are not allowed to charge upfront payments. Instead, they receive payment directly from the government or health insurer. According to recent figures, France is the highest spender on healthcare within the EU, in terms of GDP percentage.

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Salary of medical professionals in public sector in Russia 2021, by level & region. On average, doctors in Russia earned approximately 92.5 thousand Russian rubles per month in 2021. In Moscow, the figure was significantly higher, measuring at roughly 168.4 thousand Russian rubles.

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
Private sector healthcare in Peru includes various hospitals and clinics operated by medical professionals, clinics, pharmacies, and labs. Fees are charged for treatments in both the public and private hospitals

# data[].attributes.body
The average pay for a Medical Doctor is PEN 154,183 a year and PEN 74 an hour in Peru. The average salary range for a Medical Doctor is between PEN 102,377 and PEN 196,121. On average, a Doctorate Degree is the highest level of education for a Medical Doctor.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
Healthcare in Peru is severely lacking, with between 10 and 20% of Peruvians being completely excluded from access to the healthcare system.

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
Who is responsible for hospitals? Hospitals are independent corporations run by their own board of directors. The boards are responsible for day-to-day operational decisions on how to allocate the public funding they receive.

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
The majority of Mexican hospitals are excellent and are staffed by highly trained and often English-speaking doctors. However, some nursing and care staff might not speak English. Mexico has achieved universal health coverage and its public healthcare is used by most Mexican residents.

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
The Single Unified Health System (Sistema Unico da Saude - SUS) is a national program financed by federal, state and municipal governments (though much of the funding comes from federal transfers to states and municipalities) that covers hospital and outpatient care.

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
There are three main types: public hospitals (Öffentliche Krankenhäuser) which are run by the local and regional authorities; voluntary, non-profit making hospitals (Frei gemeinnützige Krankenhäuser) run by churches or organisations run by the German Red Cross; private hospitals

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
The government owns the hospitals and providers of NHS care, including ambulance services, mental health services, district nursing, and other community services. These providers are called NHS trusts

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
Government-funded agencies cover more than 75% of health expenditures in France. The Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (Ministere des Solidarites et de la Sante) administrates public healthcare in France, with primary and secondary care services delivered by the various different healthcare providers.

# data[].attributes.headline
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.subject
Who owns the hospitals and how are they arranged?

# data[].attributes.body
How do hospitals work in Russia?

The Russian healthcare system

Patients access doctors, dentists, and medical specialists through the state system or privately. In recent years, some state facilities have begun to offer private treatment to those with insurance. Some private providers also offer some public healthcare services.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
A recent analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study showed that Canada was in the top 10% of the 195 countries that were compared on the Healthcare Access and Quality Index, ranking above several countries that scored higher in the Commonwealth Fund Report

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
While health professionals in Mexico are generally well qualified and their expertise high, the medical equipment and quality of health facilities are not always the most consistent around the country, particularly in the public sector, where the standards of comfort and equipment are uneven.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
What is the quality of healthcare in Brazil?

Public hospitals in Brazil offer free, high-quality care at the point of delivery but do struggle with overcrowdedness and long wait times. The conditions in public hospitals are lower than private sectors, for example, lack of air conditioning or missing certain medical equipment.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
Germany offers some of the most advanced and high-quality healthcare treatments in Europe. With strict standards of hygiene, access up-to-date technology and innovative treatment techniques, Germany is an excellent destination to receive medical treatment.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
The UK does not consistently overperform or underperform when compared with other countries. However, looking across the 27 indicators indicates that, compared with other countries, the UK's healthcare system is better than average in some areas, while it requires significant improvement in others.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
The quality of healthcare in France is among the highest in the world, with access to the system available to every resident regardless of age, income or status

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the quality of health care services or technology available?

# data[].attributes.body
The 2021 Health Care Index lists Russia's system as 58th best out of 89 countries, with a very low score for quality of infrastructure. A Bloomberg report ranks Russian healthcare last out of 55 developed countries based on the efficiency of state healthcare systems.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Healthcare is generally free under the Turkish public health system, however, you are required to make out-of-pocket payments for certain medications and consultations even in state hospitals. Private healthcare, on the other hand, requires a higher annual fee, however, it covers a lot more services and treatments.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Since 1995, Israel's National Health Insurance (NHI) law has ensured universal coverage for citizens and permanent residents. As the law states, "Health insurance… shall be based on principles of justice, equality and mutual assistance." Under this commitment, every resident is entitled to health care services.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Ghana's current health policy is said to derive inspiration from the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) of its 1992 Constitution, which among others requires the state to ensure the realization of the right to good healthcare for people living in Ghana irrespective of their colour, race, geographical location

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
The Constitution of the People's Republic of China (the PRC Constitution) does not specify health as a fundamental right, but Articles 21 and 45 of the PRC Constitution stipulate that the state is obligated to protect its citizens' health.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Japan's constitution expressly declares that citizens have a right to health and that it is the state's responsibility to ensure this right can be realized.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
The constitution of India obliges the government to ensure the “right to health” for all. Each state is required to provide free universal access to health care services.

# data[].attributes.headline
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.subject
Does this country have a clause in their constitution about health care?

# data[].attributes.body
Medicare entitles eligible people to free or subsidised health care, including treatment by general practitioners, specialists, optometrists, dentists, and in some circumstances, allied health practitioners.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
Healthcare in Turkey consists of a mix of public and private health services. Turkey introduced universal health care in 2003. Known as Universal Health Insurance Genel Sağlık Sigortası, it is funded by a tax surcharge on employers, currently at 5%.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.subject
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

# data[].attributes.body
There is free choice among four competing, non-profit-making health plans that receive NHI funds from the Government according to a capitation formula. The system is financed primarily from public sources via payroll and general tax revenues. Health care accounts for approximately 8% of gross domestic product (‎GDP)‎.

# data[].attributes.headline
How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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Apart from tax, health care in Ghana is also financed by OOP payments and health insurance contributions made up of premiums from the informal sector (paid directly to District Health Insurance Schemes) and payroll deductions (by the Social Security and National Insurance Trust) paid to the National Health Insurance

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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Approximately 95% of China's population is covered by a public insurance programme. These are made up of voluntary public insurance and mandatory public insurances. Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance is financed mainly from employee and employer payroll taxes, with minimal government funding.

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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The Japanese health-care system is primarily funded through insurance premiums subsidized by taxes. Both the Central Government and the municipalities levy proportional income taxes and insurance premiums on their respective populations.

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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The Indian government has recently established a National Health Protection Scheme called, Ayushman Bharat, or PM-JAY, which is financed by taxes.

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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How is the health care system financed? [meaning how is it paid for]

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The services you access through the public system are funded by local, state and federal governments, but the services you access through the private system are funded by a combination of government and private entities, including: Private health insurance premiums – paid by customers.

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Türkiye has universal public health insurance. All residents registered with the Social Security Institution (SSI) are entitled to free health care. However, there are challenges to equitable access, exacerbated, for example, by a nationwide shortage of doctors.

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Israel has one of the highest private health insurance ownership rates in the world. Private health insurance premiums known as “supplementary insurance” are offered by each of the four funds Israelis are required to join (public system). Premiums are based on age, gender, and medical history.

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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The health sector expanded to include the government health services; private, traditional, and nongovernment providers; civil society; and community groups.

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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China does have free public healthcare which is under the country's social insurance plan. The healthcare system provides basic coverage for the majority of the native population and, in most cases, expats as well.

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Is this a public or private health care system?

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Approximately 90% of eligible citizens and residents are enrolled in the public healthcare system. The majority of people also have secondary private health insurance in Japan. In general, private insurance plays a supplementary role, offering additional life and critical illness benefits.