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1. Maryam Eissa

2. Moza Ahmed

3. Meera Omar

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Week 1                  ( Date: 20/1/2025)   (2:16 PM)     Roles and Responsibilities        

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Week 1                  ( Date: 20/1/2025)   (2:16 PM)     Roles and Responsibilities        

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Leader/Manager : Maryam Eissa

Researcher/Data collecter : Meera Omar

Designer : Moza Ahmed

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(Week 1 ) (Date : 20/1/2025) My Goals :                                    What do I want to do ? How will I use my time in the best way?

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(Week 1 ) (Date : 20/1/2025) My Goals :                                    What do I want to do ? How will I use my time in the best way?

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What do I want to do?
I want to focus on using mathematical functions to show how they help explain solar power. I’ll work on creating cool graphs and visuals to make it easier to understand. I’ll also help my group stay on track and make sure everything fits together perfectly.

How will I use my time in the best way?
I’ll focus on the math functions and visuals, and make sure I finish my part on time. That way, I can help my group with anything they need and make sure everything’s ready and looking great before we present.

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Week 1 (Date : 21/1/2025)   :       Question 1:  Collect information on the structure and working of solar panels.        

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Week 1 (Date : 21/1/2025)   :       Question 1:  Collect information on the structure and working of solar panels.        

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Structure and Working of Solar Panels :

Solar panels are flat devices made of small parts called solar cells, usually made of silicon. The top layer is glass to protect the cells.

Solar panels change sunlight to electricity. When sunlight hits the cells, it makes tiny particles called electrons move, creating power. This power is sent to a device called an inverter so we can use it in homes.

Solar panels are amazing because they use sunlight to make clean energy without causing pollution. Done by : Maryam Eissa Alraeesi Grade : 8-1 Advance

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Week 1 (Date : 21/1/2025)  Question 3 : What factors affect the efficiency of solar panels ?

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Week 1 (Date : 21/1/2025)  Question 3 : What factors affect the efficiency of solar panels ?

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Sunlight Intensity: More sunlight means more energy. The system works better and produces more power with more sunlight.

Tilt Angle: The system needs to face the sun at the right angle to capture the most sunlight throughout the day.

Temperature: Too much heat reduces the systems ability to turn sunlight into electricity.

Cleanliness: Dust or dirt blocks sunlight, lowering energy production. Cleaning it keeps the system working well.

System Quality: High-quality materials help the system perform better and last longer, making it more reliable. Done by : Maryam Eissa

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Week 1 : ( Date : 21/1/2025)                    Essential Question : How can we calculate optimal solar panels using mathematical functions?

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Week 1 : ( Date : 21/1/2025)                    Essential Question : How can we calculate optimal solar panels using mathematical functions?

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We can calculate optimal solar panels using mathematical functions like E(n)=n⋅p, where E(n) is energy, n is the number of panels, and p is energy per panel. This helps find the right number of panels based on energy needs and other factors like sunlight hours.

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4.Solar power systems in UAE and areas where solar plants are yet to be used?

The UAE is doing great with solar power! They've built huge solar plants like the Noor Abu Dhabi Solar Plant and the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Solar Pork in Dubai. These projects help produce a lot of clean energy.

Now, solar energy is mostly used in cities like Abu Dhabi and Dubai, and in desert areas where there's a lot of sunlight. The Northern Emirates (like Sharjah or Ras Al Khaimah) have solar power too, but not much.

There are still places in the UAE where solar energy isn't fully used, in small cities (like Ajman) far from big cities. But the UAE is planning to use solar energy everywhere, including putting solar panels on roofs and creating new solar projects to help the country use 50% clean energy by 2050!

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2. Resources required to make a solar panel

To make a solar panel, you need a few important materials. The main one is silicon, which is used to make solar cells that catch sunlight and turn it into electricity. You also need metal wires like copper to connect the cells, and glass to protect them. The panel is usually held together with a frame made of aluminum, and small parts that help control the flow of electricity. All these materials work together to make a solar panel that can produce clean energy from the

sun.

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Question 5: learn how to design infographic posters?

1. Use formula - Show how solar energy works:

Energy = Efficiency x Sunlight hours x panel area

2. Choose a tool - Use canvas or PowerPoint to design

3. Get data - Find out how much energy panels make and how many hours of sunlight

4. Show the math - Example :

“Energy = 0.15 x 6 hours x 10m2 = 900 wattas / day

5. Add pictures - Use icons of the sun, solar panels, and energy

6. Colours / Fonts - Use yellow and green, with easy-to-read fonts

7. Keep it simple - Make the Math easy to understand

8. Save / share - download and share it

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How Temperature Affects Solar Power

I’ll look at the average temperatures in Brazil, India, and South Africa and predict how much power solar panels can produce in each country.

Step 1: Average Temperatures

Brazil – 25°C (77°F)

India – 27°C (81°F)

South Africa – 18°C (64°F)

Step 2: Power Output Formula

We use this formula:

Power Output (kW) = (Temperature × 0.5) + 5

Step 3: Power Output Calculations

Brazil: (25 × 0.5) + 5 = 12.5 kW

India: (27 × 0.5) + 5 = 13.5 kW

South Africa: (18 × 0.5) + 5 = 14 kW

Step 4: What We Notice

Higher temperatures = more power, but South Africa’s cooler climate still produces good power.

Other factors like sunlight hours and weather also affect solar power.

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Mission Question: How does temperature affect solar panel power output?

Answer: when it’s hot solar panels, make less power this happens because it makes it harder for panels to change sunlight into electricity, so they become less efficient in warm temperature.

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Week 3 : ( Date : 28/1/2025) Question 1.1 Is the relationship between temperature and power output linear or non linear? Explain your findings using data from the table or graph.

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Week 3 : ( Date : 28/1/2025) Question 1.1 Is the relationship between temperature and power output linear or non linear? Explain your findings using data from the table or graph.

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The relationship between temperature and power output is nonlinear. The graph shows a curve rather than a straight line, indicating that power output doesnâ€™t change at a consistent rate as temperature increases. For example, in Saudi Arabia (28.9Â°C, 1905 Wh) and China (7.6Â°C, 525 Wh), the temperature and power output donâ€™t follow a constant trend; the changes in power output become more significant at different temperature levels. This shows a nonlinear relationship between temperature and power output.

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Summer temperatures in the UAE average between 38°C to 42°C (100°F to 108°F), during the day and from 30°C to 35°C (86°F to 95°F) at night.

In winter days

Winter temperatures in the UAE average between 18°C to 25°C (64°F to 77°F) during the day, and from 10°C to 15°C (50°F to 59°F) at night.

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Question 2.2

1. Identify intervals where the graph increases or decreases.

Answer: In the graph it increases at point 15. And decreases at point 30.

2. What is the ideal temperature for maximum power output?

Answer: The maximum power output is 30.

3. Interpret the relationship between solar power output and temperature.

Answer: Solar power increases as Temperature increases however when the temperature is too high, for example 35°C it will decrease because of the amount of heat, as well as pressure.

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Create an image. Design a poster or an infographic titled "Solar panels Around the World" Include: 1. A graph showing the relationship between temperature and solar power. 2. An explanation to the relationship between temperature and solar power. 3. Tips for improving efficiency in hot climates. Include your analysis two countries where solar energy would be most effective and why.

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Week 5 (Date: 3/2/2025) 2.1 Graph this function to analyse the relationship between temperature and efficiency.

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Week 5 (Date: 3/2/2025) 2.1 Graph this function to analyse the relationship between temperature and efficiency.

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Week 5 (Date: 4/2/2025) 2.1 Is the function linear or nonlinear? Explain. 

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Week 5 (Date: 4/2/2025) 2.1 Is the function linear or nonlinear? Explain. 

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The function is linear because it has a constant rate of change. The equation follows the form y=mx+by = mx + by=mx+b, and the graph is a straight line. This means efficiency decreases at a steady rate as temperature increases.

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The steps you took to reach your conclusion were logical and easy to follow. Including a summary at the end would help reinforce your findings.

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Week 5 (Date: 4/2/2025 ) Interpret the values 90 and -1.2

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Week 5 (Date: 4/2/2025 ) Interpret the values 90 and -1.2

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90 represents the maximum efficiency of the system when the temperature is 0°C. It is the starting point of the equation.

-1.2 is the slope, meaning that for every 1°C increase in temperature, the efficiency decreases by 1.2%. This shows a negative relationship between temperature and efficiency—higher temperatures lead to lower efficiency.

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Week 5 ( Date: 4/2/2025 ) 2.1 Choose three countries  from Section 1 and calculate their solar panel efficiency.

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Week 5 ( Date: 4/2/2025 ) 2.1 Choose three countries  from Section 1 and calculate their solar panel efficiency.

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1. Brazil (25°C) :

P= 90-1.2(25)

P=90-30

P= 60%

2. India (27°C) :

P=90-1.2(27)

P=90-32.4

P=57.6%

3. South Africa (18°C) :

P=90-1.2(18)

P=90-21.6

P=68.4%

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Week 6 ( 10/2/2025) Mission Question : How many solar panels are required to power an entire city like Masdar?

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Week 6 ( 10/2/2025) Mission Question : How many solar panels are required to power an entire city like Masdar?

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To estimate the number of solar panels needed to power a city like Masdar City, we need to consider a few factors:

1. Masdar City's Energy Demand:

Masdar City is designed as a low-energy and sustainable city.

Estimated energy consumption: 100-150 MW (megawatts).

2. Solar Panel Output:

A typical solar panel produces 300-400W (0.3-0.4 kW).

Assuming 5 peak sun hours per day, a 400W panel generates about 2 kWh/day.

Calculation:

Let’s assume Masdar needs 120 MW (120,000 kW) continuously.

Per day, that’s 120,000 kW × 24 hours = 2,880,000 kWh/day.

One 400W panel generates 2 kWh/day.

Panels required = 2,880,000 ÷ 2 = 1,440,000 panels.

So, around 1.4 to 1.5 million solar panels would be needed to fully power Masdar City! ☀️🔋

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Week 6 (Date : 10/2/2025 ) 3.1 Sketch a qualitative graph to represent the situation.

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Week 6 (Date : 10/2/2025 ) 3.1 Sketch a qualitative graph to represent the situation.

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Week 6 (Date: 10/2/2025) 3.1 Is the graph linear or nonlinear? Explain your answer.

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Week 6 (Date: 10/2/2025) 3.1 Is the graph linear or nonlinear? Explain your answer.

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The graph is nonlinear because the solar power output does not increase or decrease at a constant rate.

Instead, it follows a curved pattern, gradually rising to a peak and then gradually falling.

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Week 6 ( Date : 11/2/2025 ) 3.1 How to find $P$, the solar panel output (kWh/year) for your graph?

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Week 6 ( Date : 11/2/2025 ) 3.1 How to find $P$, the solar panel output (kWh/year) for your graph?

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To estimate the yearly solar output, I’d add up the monthly values from the graph. If the pattern is smooth, I could approximate it by multiplying the peak value (July) by 6.

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Question 3.4 creativity answer: 2/10/2025

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Question 3.4 creativity answer: 2/10/2025

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Week 6 ( Date: 11/2/2025) 3.3 The research analyst in your team has found that each solar panel generates approximately 1,500 kWh/year. The operation researcher in your team has finally found a formula to calculate the number of solar panels required in Masdar. Use their formula to calculate N:

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Week 6 ( Date: 11/2/2025) 3.3 The research analyst in your team has found that each solar panel generates approximately 1,500 kWh/year. The operation researcher in your team has finally found a formula to calculate the number of solar panels required in Masdar. Use their formula to calculate N:

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Masdar City consumes 19.1 million kWh of electricity per year. Given that each solar panel generates 1,500 kWh annually, we used the formula:

N = C/P

N = 19,100,000/1,500 = 12,733

N =12,733

To summarize, Masdar City would need approximately 12,733 solar panel s to meet its energy needs.

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Week 5 (Date: 4/2/2025)                                                            Mission Question: How does temperature affect the efficiency of solar panels, and what strategies can optimize performance in different climates

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Week 5 (Date: 4/2/2025)                                                            Mission Question: How does temperature affect the efficiency of solar panels, and what strategies can optimize performance in different climates

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Temperature changes how well solar panels work. Hot weather makes them less efficient, while cold weather helps them work better. Cool, sunny days are the best for solar power

1. Hot places: Use cooling systems and leave space for airflow.

2. Cold places: Tilt panels at a good angle and use anti-snow coatings.

3. Cloudy places: Get high-efficiency panels and batteries to store energy.

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Question 3.2 power consumption I each year week 6 (Date: 10/2/2025)                           

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Question 3.2 power consumption I each year week 6 (Date: 10/2/2025)                           

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1. Masdar city

KWh: 19.1 billion per year

MWh: 19.1 million of electricity per year

2. Neom (Saudi Arabia)

KWh: 50 to 60 billion of electricity per year

MWh: 50 to 60 million of electricity per year

3. Songdo (South Korea)

KWh: 2.4 billion of electricity per year

MWh: 2.4 million of electricity per year

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The relationship is non-linear.

The behavior of the graph is increasing

The change happens variably

Dust blocks sunlight, cutting solar power by up to 50%. It traps heat and sticks to panels, making cleaning harder. In dusty places like the UAE, regular cleaning is needed to keep panels efficient, but it can be costly. Finding cheaper cleaning solutions is important for maintaining power output.

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3.4 Creativity (Date: 28/2/2025 )            (Infographic poster findings 4):                

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3.4 Creativity (Date: 28/2/2025 )            (Infographic poster findings 4):                

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Green Illustrative 4 Ways of Natural Reforestation Poster