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English for Academic Literacy II E-Portfolio  - Sharai Rabin

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English for Academic Literacy II E-Portfolio  - Sharai Rabin

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It is used to talk about things that are common, general facts, universal truths and permanent situations.

Basic rules of the Simple Present:

Affirmative: Subject + verb (in base form)

Negative: Subject + no / not + base verb

Interrogative: Do/Does + subject + base verb?

Examples:

She works in makeup store

I don’t like to eat meat

Do you drink coffee in the morning?

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It is used to describe actions that are happening right now, temporary situations, and future plans that have already been organized.

Basic rules of the Present Continuous:

Affirmative: Subject + verb "to be" (am/is/are) + verb in ing

Negative: Subject + verb "to be" (am/is/are) + not + verb in ing

Interrogative: Verb "to be" (am/is/are) + subject + verb in ing?

Examples:

She is studying for her exams.

I am not watching TV at the moment.

Are you working this weekend?

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It is used to express future actions, predictions, spontaneous decisions and promises.

Basic rules of the Future Simple:

Affirmative: Subject + will + verb in base form

Negative: Subject + will not (won’t) + verb in base form

Interrogative: Will + subject + verb in base form?

Examples:

He will finish his homework later.

I will not eat lunch at the restaurant today.

Will you call me later?

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It is used to talk about actions completed in the past, historical events and situations that have already ended.

Basic rules of the Past Simple:

Affirmative: Subject + verb in the past (regular: -ed / irregular: specific form)

Negative: Subject + did not (didn’t) + verb in base form

Interrogative: Did + subject + verb in base form?

Example:

She watched a movie yesterday.

I didn’t go to the party last night.

Did they watch the movie on TV?

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It is used to describe actions that were happening at a specific time in the past, simultaneous actions, and to set the context of a story.

Basic rules the Past Continuous:

Affirmative: Subject + was/were + ing verb

Negative: Subject + was/were + not + ing verb

Interrogative: Was/Were + subject + ing verb?

Example:

I was studying when you called.

We weren’t walking to the park at that time.

Were you sleeping when I called?

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Adverbs of sequence are used to organize events or actions in the order in which they occur. They are very useful for describing processes, telling stories, or giving instructions.

Main Adverbs of Sequence:

First: Indicates the beginning of a sequence.

Then: Indicates the next action in the sequence.

Next: Marks an action after the previous one.

After that: Shows something that happens after a specific action.

Finally: Marks the end of the sequence.

Example:

First, I will have breakfast, then I will go to work.

Next, we will visit the museum and then go shopping.

Finally, we will have dinner and watch a movie.

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7. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

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7. Comparative and Superlative Adjectives

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Comparative adjectives are used to compare two things, people, or situations. Generally, "-er" is added to the adjective (if it is short) or "more" is used (if the adjective is long).

Subject + comparative adjective + than + object

Superlative adjectives are used to indicate the highest or extreme degree of a quality, comparing one thing or person with all the others in a group.

Subject + superlative adjective + in + place/object

Example:

This movie is more interesting than the other one. (c)

My cat is the most beautiful cat in the world. (s)

I am more tired today than I was yesterday. (c)