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Governments often use trade and taxation as tools to maintain power and influence, but if people see it as unfair, it can lead to rebellion.

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Governments often use trade and taxation as tools to maintain power and influence, but if people see it as unfair, it can lead to rebellion.

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Tea Act of 1773= regulated tea prices through political power economically controlling the colonies 

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Tea Act of 1773= regulated tea prices through political power economically controlling the colonies 

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"tea evolved from an exotic luxury to a daily staple, influencing social rituals and becoming synonymous with Britishness."

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"tea evolved from an exotic luxury to a daily staple, influencing social rituals and becoming synonymous with Britishness."

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Since the 17th century the United Kingdom has been one of the world’s largest consumers of tea, with an average annual per capita supply of 1.9 kilograms (4.2 lb).[1] Originally an upper-class drink in Europe, tea gradually spread through all classes, eventually becoming common. It is still considered an important part of the British identity[2] and is a prominent feature of British culture and society.[3]

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The Extremely Un-British Origins of Tea - JSTOR Daily

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Tea is a quintessential British product. And for that reason is bound up in the nation’s history of colonial expansion. British tea drinkers preferred Chinese tea at first, and had to be convinced on patriotic grounds to drink tea from India.

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drinking tea----Politically, it’s tied to social cohesion: MPs, workers, and citizens all share this ritual, creating common ground.

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drinking tea----Politically, it’s tied to social cohesion: MPs, workers, and citizens all share this ritual, creating common ground.

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https://www.britannica.com/event/Boston-Tea-Party Taxation Without Representation: Tea taxes angered colonies, showing limits of Britain’s control.

Trade = Power: Tea was Britain’s tool for political and economic influence.

Protest Shapes Policy: The Boston Tea Party forced Parliament to react, showing unrest impacts politics.

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Boston Tea Party, (December 16, 1773), incident in which 342 chests of tea belonging to the British East India Company were thrown from ships into Boston Harbor by American patriots disguised as Mohawk Indians. The Americans were protesting both a tax on tea (taxation without representation) and the perceived monopoly of the East India Company.

The Townshend Acts passed by Parliament in 1767 and imposing duties on various products imported into the British colonies had raised such a storm of colonial protest and noncompliance that they were repealed in 1770, saving the duty on tea, which was retained by Parliament to demonstrate its presumed right to raise such colonial revenue without colonial approval. The merchants of Boston circumvented the act by continuing to receive tea smuggled in by Dutch traders. In 1773 Parliament passed a Tea Act designed to aid the financially troubled East India Company by granting it (1) a monopoly on all tea exported to the colonies, (2) an exemption on the export tax, and (3) a "drawback" (refund) on duties owed on certain surplus quantities of tea in its possession. The tea sent to the colonies was to be carried only in East India Company ships and sold only through its own agents, bypassing the independent colonial shippers and merchants. The company thus could sell the tea at a less-than-usual price in either America or Britain; it could undersell anyone else. The perception of monopoly drove the normally conservative colonial merchants into an alliance with radicals led by Samuel Adams and his Sons of Liberty.

In such cities as New York, Philadelphia, and Charleston, tea agents resigned or canceled orders, and merchants refused consignments. In Boston, however, the royal governor Thomas Hutchinson determined to uphold the law and maintained that three arriving ships, the Dartmouth, Eleanor, and Beaver, should be allowed to deposit their cargoes and that appropriate duties should be honoured. On the night of December 16, 1773, a group of about 60 men, encouraged by a large crowd of Bostonians, donned blankets and Indian headdresses, marched to Griffin's wharf, boarded the ships, and dumped the tea chests, valued at £18,000, into the water.

In retaliation, Parliament passed the series of punitive measures known in the colonies as the Intolerable Acts, including the Boston Port Bill, which shut off the city's sea trade pending payment for the destroyed tea. The British government's efforts to single out Massachusetts for punishment served only to unite the colonies and impel the drift toward war.

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Boston Tea Party | Facts, Summary, & Significance

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Boston Tea Party, precursor to the American Revolution in which 342 chests of tea belonging to the British East India Company were thrown into Boston Harbor by American patriots disguised as Mohawk Indians on December 16, 1773. They were protesting a tax on tea and the East India Company's perceived monopoly.

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Workplace Norms: Beyond Parliament, tea breaks are a staple in British workplaces, mandated by law for workers on shifts longer than six hours. This practice highlights the value placed on regular intervals for rest and social interaction in professional settings.

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Tearooms on the map

In Newcastle, activists Dr Ethel Bentham and Lisbeth Simm led political meetings at Fenwick's Café. In Nottingham, the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) held meetings at Morley's Café, founded as a teetotal alternative to the pub. In Edinburgh, the Café Vegetaria hosted the Women's Freedom Society, and in Manchester, Parker's Café was a popular venue for suffragettes.

Meanwhile, in the West End of London tearooms that were meeting points included the Tea Cup Inn on Portugal Street off Kingsway. Located near the WSPU offices at Clement's Inn, the Tea Cup advertised in 'Votes for Women'.

"Dainty luncheons and afternoon teas at moderate charges. Home cookery. Vegetarian dishes and sandwiches; entirely staffed by women."

Cheaper and considered more downmarket than the Lyons tearooms were those run by the ABC (Aerated Bread Company) whose establishments were ubiquitous in early 20th century London and were described by the suffragist and Liberal politician Margaret Corbett Ashby, as "an enormous move to freedom".

Another popular place was the elegant Criterion in Piccadilly, where the Actresses' Franchise League (AFL) had begun holding meetings in 1909. Molinari's Restaurant at 25 Frith Street, Soho advertised in 'The Suffragette', offering to donate 5% of takings to the cause for suffragettes who wore badges.

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Taking Tea and Talking Politics: The Role of Tearooms | Historic England

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In Newcastle, activists Dr Ethel Bentham and Lisbeth Simm led political meetings at Fenwick's Café. In Nottingham, the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) held meetings at Morley's Café, founded as a teetotal alternative to the pub. In Edinburgh, the Café Vegetaria hosted the Women's Freedom Society, and in Manchester, Parker's Café was a popular venue for suffragettes.

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The report of the Industrial Fatigue Board, issued to-day, on the rest pause in an unbroken working spell of five hours for women, may lead to a compulsory provision, as it sums up heavily in favour of the arguments for it. It would not, it is admitted, "always be possible in the case of continuous or semi-continuous processes to give such a rest to the whole of the workers simultaneously." The pause - with opportunity for refreshment - should come fairly near the middle of the work-spell, and ten minutes is suggested.

"The rest pause increases the efficiency of the workers, for in various occupations (with 4½-hour work spells) the immediate effect of introducing a rest was to increase output by 2.8 per cent, whilst the improvement in other groups of workers who were tested some months after the introduction of the rest amounted to 6.2 per cent. Also the introduction of the rest appeared to reduce the labour turnover greatly." The rest pause is advocated for physiological reasons - the distance of the worker's home from the factory which means that often the period between breakfast and dinner is six hours; and psychological reasons, dependent on the relief from monotony.

A stimulant to flagging energies
"Though direct statistical evidence is lacking, there is a widely held impression that a cup of tea acts as a powerful but harmless stimulant to flagging energies," states the report. "One large firm visited by us are so convinced of its efficacy that they offer a free cup of tea or cocoa to every worker in the morning and afternoon work spells, and during the dinner hour." As an instance of the effect on labour turnover, the case is quoted of a factory where workers were given a fifteen minutes' rest pause in each work spell, during which they went to the canteen, and a free tea was provided in the afternoon.

As an instance of the effect on labour turnover the cases are quoted of three-manufacturing confectionery works. At one, where the workers were given a fifteen minutes' rest pause in each work spell, during which they went to the canteen and had a free tea provided in the afternoon, the percentage leaving during the years 1923 to 1925 was 21; at a second where the workers did not leave their places but had a three-minute pause in which to drink the tea provided by the management, the percentage was 52: at a third where no rests at all were allowed and the workers were discouraged from surreptitious feeding the percentage was 94.

The main objections urged by employers against any kind of break for women were that such breaks resulted in the temporary idleness of highly paid skilled men; that there was loss of time and therefore decreased productivity, and that there was a loss of extra working time over and above the nominal ten or fifteen minutes' break. After stating various ways in which the nominal duration of the rest pause could be kept to the report says: "The system of tea-drinking which struck us as the best and simplest was for each worker to bring her own tea in a vacuum flask. Thereby all were able to start their meal the moment the siren sounded, and they returned equally promptly to work at the end of their rest."

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Tea breaks should be made compulsory - archive, 19 March 1928

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19 March 1928: Government backed body finds that a cup of tea acts as a powerful but harmless stimulant to flagging energies of workers, boosting output

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The entire UK tea industry has an annual turnover of £748m, which is about 0.02% of the entire country’s turnover. It employs 3,324 people across 27 businesses

https://www.crunch.co.uk/knowledge/article/how-britains-tea-economy-pushed-the-world-boiling-point?utm_source=chatgpt.com

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How Britain’s Tea Economy Changed The World | Crunch

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It’s no secret the British love tea. But it’s also interesting to know that our tea consumption is driving factor for the economy. We explore.

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Tea breaks” in workplaces and Parliament — important = networking and decision-making.

The Tea Act and Boston Tea Party

Parliament and the monarchy: tea as part of political culture