# data[].attributes.body
Task:

Write a blog post for parents

Explain how to encourage prosocial behaviour

Focus:

Modelling

Social Identity

ingroup

outgroup

Genetics

neurotransmitters

Media use

Parental mediation

Use your knowledge of social learning theory /social identity theory/biological explaination as an explanation for prosocial behaviour to write a blog post advising parents who want to make sure their children show prosocial behaviour. Your advice can focus on the importance of them and others around them as models, as well as the influence of media on prosocial behaviour and how they can ensure media has a positive effect on their children.

# data[].attributes.body
Task:

Create a cartoon strip or poster

Show how prosocial media leads to prosocial behaviour

Include parental mediation

Then rate youselves (1–10):

Content / Creativity / Effort / Learning value

# data[].attributes.body
Quick Review: Social identity theory of prosocial behaviour

Word Bank

social identity（社会身份）categorisation（社会分类）identification（社会认同） comparison（社会比较) ingroup（内群体）outgroup（外群体）favouritism（偏好）shared identity(共同身份) Levine(研究者) individual(个体的）cultural（文化的）

________ ________ refers to the part of a person’s identity based on group membership.

Putting people into groups is called social ________.

Taking on behaviours of a group is social ________.

Comparing ingroups with outgroups is social ________.

People are more willing to help members of their ________ than their ________.

Helping ingroup members more than others is called ingroup ________.

Prosocial behaviour can be explained by a ________ ________ with others.

Evidence supporting social identity theory comes from ________ et al.

A limitation of social identity theory is that ________ differences and ________ factors also influence prosocial behaviour.

# data[].attributes.body
Task:

Think of a behaviour or skill you learned as a child or teenager

Explain it using those key terms:

Attention

Retention

Reproduction

Motivation

# data[].attributes.body
Extra work for Lawrence and Steven

Critical Thinking Questions:

Does SIT explain all prosocial behaviour?

What about helping strangers in emergencies?

How does social media create new ingroups/outgroups?

Can SIT help explain bullying between school groups?

# data[].attributes.body
Scenarios:

(1) A basketball team member gets injured.

(2) A stranger from your city needs help.

(3) A classmate you rarely talk to needs help.

(4) A rival team student asks for support.

Must answer:

Identify ingroup / outgroup

Predict helping behaviour

Explain using SIT

Evaluate SIT (is it always correct?)

Key points you should include:

Ingroup → more helping

Identity strength matters

Shared similarities matter

Sometimes people help outgroup too

# data[].attributes.body
Real life example:

During a typhoon, people help classmates, neighbours, or same-country citizens first.

Why? → They feel ingroup connection（内群体联系）.

Example:

“If two students from Macau see each other in another country, they instantly become best friends in 0.3 seconds. Boom—ingroup identity activated.”

Read Psychology in Real life on P147 and Discuss

Why do you think people help on a global scale when there is a crisis?

How could social identity theory explain prosocial behaviour on such a large scale?

What can be learnt from this example of providing foreign aid?

# data[].attributes.body
Write down the social groups you belong to.

Think of groups that describe your life. Family, hobbies, nationality, class, anything.

If you write ‘I belong to the group of people who hate homework’… yes, that counts too.

Questions:

What groups are you part of?

What characteristics do you share with them?

How does it feel to be part of each group?

How important is each group to your life?

# data[].attributes.body
Draw the picture

neurotransmitters allow messages to be passed from one nerve cell to another

# data[].attributes.body
Scenario:

“Yihan says: People learn to be prosocial by copying others.”

Write 2–3 sentences using biology (serotonin, oxytocin, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, genetics) to respond.

# data[].attributes.body
nstructions: Read the news report about a car accident.

Questions:

Individual factors affecting prosocial behaviour?

Situational factors affecting prosocial behaviour?

Examples of helping, sharing, caring?

Gender differences in likely behaviour?

# data[].attributes.body
There are 3 dream senarios

Your group should:

Identify manifest content

识别表象内容（manifest content）

Infer latent content

推断潜在内容（latent content）

Identify dreamwork mechanisms

识别梦的加工机制（dreamwork mechanisms）

Present with creativity (draw, act, meme)

用创意方式呈现（绘画、表演、做表情包）

# data[].attributes.body
Which part of the mind controls dream symbolism?

Manifest = hidden? (Yes/No)

Latent content is…?

Freud thinks dreams express…?

# data[].attributes.body
Evaluate the Activation–Synthesis theory of dreaming.

Write 2 strengths + 2 weaknesses.

# data[].attributes.body
Activity: Dream Detective

1. Falling

2. Teeth falling out

3. Being chased

4. Flying

5. Arriving late for exam

Explain: Activation–Synthesis Theory Theory or Restoration Theory? Why?

# data[].attributes.body
Write

one sentence explaining “activation”

One sentence explaining “synthesis.”

# data[].attributes.body
Emotion scenario (1.breakup, 2. losing game, 3. family conflict).

Answer:

What emotion is involved?

How will REM sleep help tomorrow?

Which brain area? (Amygdala)

Write a 2–3 sentence explanation.

# data[].attributes.body
Scenario 3  “Student has weak immunity.”

A student gets sick easily after several nights of poor sleep.

decide:

Is this NREM or REM related?

Which part of restoration theory explains it?

Write a 2–3 sentence answer on mini-whiteboard.

# data[].attributes.body
Scenario 2 “Student stressed about exam.”

A student feels nervous and emotional before exams but usually feels calmer the next day after sleeping.

decide:

Is this NREM or REM related?

Which part of restoration theory explains it?

Write a 2–3 sentence answer on mini-whiteboard.

# data[].attributes.body
Scenario 1 “Student can’t remember math steps.”

The student learned new math procedures today but completely forgot the steps the next morning.

decide:

Is this NREM or REM related?

Which part of restoration theory explains it?

Write a 2–3 sentence answer on mini-whiteboard.

# data[].attributes.body
One new fact learned today

One question you still have

Example: “The most surprising thing I learned about biological rhythms today was…”

# data[].attributes.body
Answer ONE question on a sticky note:

“One thing I understand best now is…”

“One idea I still need help with is…”

“Today I realized that memory is…”

# data[].attributes.body
Five scenario cards are placed on different tables.

At each station, students write a 2–3 sentence mini-answer

# data[].attributes.body
Task: Write a short paragraph (100–120 words):

“Explain how the psychodynamic theory helps us understand why people forget unpleasant experiences.”

Optional: Research one modern criticism of Freud’s psychodynamic theory.

# data[].attributes.body
Who proposed the psychodynamic theory of forgetting?

What are the three parts of personality?

Which is unconscious: repression or suppression?

Give one positive and one negative effect of defence mechanisms.

Define “motivated forgetting.”

# data[].attributes.body
Read each statement and decide whether it represents Repression, Suppression, or Both.

Then discuss: Is the person aware of trying to forget this memory or feeling?

1. “After a car accident years ago, she can’t remember any details of what happened that day.”

2. “He was very angry with his teacher but decided to keep quiet and not show it.”

3. “Whenever someone mentions her ex-boyfriend, she quickly changes the topic to avoid thinking about him.”

4. “He has no memory of being bullied in primary school, even though others remember it clearly.”

5. “She avoids thinking about her grandmother’s death because it’s too painful, but sometimes she dreams about it.”

# data[].attributes.body
For each scenario, describe how the id, ego, and super-ego might behave.

Example: “You walk past a shop and see an expensive pair of shoes you love.”

Id: “Buy them now!”

Ego: “I’ll save up for them.”

Super-ego: “It’s wasteful to spend too much on shoes.”

Scenario

1. You see your favorite snack in the fridge, but it belongs to your roommate.

2. You forgot to study for a test tomorrow.

3. Your friend tells a secret, but another classmate asks you about it.

# data[].attributes.body
Scenario: “You see your friend’s answers during a test.”

Each student says what their “voice” would say.

# data[].attributes.body
Add examples under these Padlet columns:

Sensory Register 🎧

Short-Term Memory (STM) 🧮

Long-Term Memory (LTM) 📚

Discuss: capacity, duration, and coding for each store.

# data[].attributes.body
In Teams: Encoding | Storage | Retrieval

1️⃣ Write examples of your process (1 min).

2️⃣ Swap with another team — check if examples are correct.

🏆 1 point for each correct match.

💡 Key takeaway: how each process works in real life.

# data[].attributes.body
🧩 What affects your memory?

💭 Think of a time when your memory failed or worked really well.

Post your example on Padlet with a GIF or emoji! 😅🧠

→ Discuss: encoding, storage, retrieval.

# data[].attributes.body
Post on Padlet: “My Memory Trap”

Share one time your memory tricked you

Explain which factor (interference, context, or false memory) caused it

🧠 Be creative — this helps you connect theory to real life!

# data[].attributes.body
1️⃣ What is meant by a false memory? (1 mark)

2️⃣ Identify one factor (other than context) that affects memory accuracy. (1 mark)

3️⃣ Explain one limitation of research into memory accuracy. (2 marks)

# data[].attributes.body
Pair talk:

Is it ethical to make people believe a false childhood memory?

How could we test false memories in a more ethical way?

# data[].attributes.body
“What helps you remember better?”

1️⃣ What happened in today’s experiment?

2️⃣ What does it show about interference or context?

3️⃣ What helps you remember best in real life?

# data[].attributes.body
“What affects memory?”

Post one example from your life when your memory failed.

💭 Example: “I forgot my password after changing it many times.”

# data[].attributes.body
Why do we sometimes remember something that never happened?

answer it with 3-4 full sentences

# data[].attributes.body
Name two components of WMM.

What does the Phonological Loop do?

Why can you draw and talk at the same time?

Why can’t you draw and look at another picture at the same time?

# data[].attributes.body
What is a dual processing task?

Why can’t we do two visual tasks easily?

Which WMM component handles visual info?

# data[].attributes.body
share 2–3 examples (multitasking in daily life

# data[].attributes.body
1. Who developed the Working Memory Model?

2. What are the two parts of the Phonological Loop?

3. What does the Visuo-Spatial Sketchpad do?

4. What connects Working Memory to Long-Term Memory?

5. Why can we sometimes multitask successfully?

# data[].attributes.body
1. “Why is it important to know the strengths and weaknesses of a model?”

2. “What kind of memory model might explain active thinking better?”

# data[].attributes.body
Encoding → Storage → Retrieval

in your notebooks and label one real-life example for each stage.

Example:

Encoding: You see a new classmate’s name written on the whiteboard and repeat it several times in your head. Storage: You remember your classmate’s name after a few days because you saw and said it several times. Retrieval: One week later, you see the classmate in the hallway and recall their name when you greet them.

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Answer the following questions. 
With a partner, discuss what you notice about these questions. Can you place the questions into groups?CSE Psy Online Activities

# data[].attributes.body
a) Where did you go on your last holiday?

b) What is the largest continent in the world?

c) What colour is the sky?

d) Can you describe your first day at school?

e) Can you name an animal that has wings?

f) What did you have for breakfast this morning?

# data[].attributes.body
Does drinking tea before a test reduce anxiety?

# data[].attributes.body
Activity: Write one hypothesis + null hypothesis for these research questions：

Does listening to classical music while studying improve memory recall?

Example Research Question: “Does exercise before class improve focus?”

Hypothesis: Students who exercise before class will focus better.

Null Hypothesis: Exercise has no effect on focus.

# data[].attributes.body
“Do students remember more words when they study in the morning or evening?”

“Does drinking water before a test affect concentration?”

“Do students focus better with background noise or silence?”

“Does exercising before class improve students’ reaction times?”

# data[].attributes.body
Example:

“Students who drink coffee before a test will score higher.”

IV = Coffee / No coffee

DV = Test score

“Does listening to music improve memory?”

IV = __________

DV = __________

# data[].attributes.body
Activity 2: From Words to Categories (Qualitative Data 定性数据）

Example：

“I play video games until midnight.” → category = entertainment

“I use TikTok for too long.” → category = social media

“I worry too much about exams.” → category = stress (academic)

“The room is too noisy.” → category = environment

“I drink too much coffee.” → category = lifestyle / caffeine

Read 5 short answers. 👉

Sort them into 2–3 categories.

Post your categories on Padlet.

Practice: Interview Question: Why can’t you sleep well?

1. “I keep checking my phone before bed.”

2. “I feel nervous about tomorrow’s presentation.”

3. “The lights in my room are too bright.”

4. “I drink bubble tea at night.”

5. “My brother plays music loudly.”

# data[].attributes.body
Activity 2: Spot the Missing Material

Research idea: “Does sleep affect test scores?”

Materials: test papers, classroom…

So, ❌ what’s missing?

# data[].attributes.body
Fix the Procedure

Better example:

Give 10 words → 1 minute to study → write down words → collect papers.

Write a better procedure for：

Test if music helps memory

# data[].attributes.body
“A researcher is studying social media use. What could go wrong if they are not ethical?”

Comment on another student’s post:

Suggest how the researcher can avoid mistakes.

# data[].attributes.body
Post your improved research question on Padlet.

Then, comment on at least one other student’s question:

Is it clear?

Is it researchable?

How could it be improved?

# data[].attributes.body
“Are students happy?”

# data[].attributes.body
“Is social media bad?”

# data[].attributes.body
“Do you like music?”

Good research questions, for example: How many hours do you listen to music per day?”

# data[].attributes.body
1. What was easy in planning?

2. What was difficult?

3. What would you do next time?

# data[].attributes.body
5. Do students behave differently with teachers watching?

# data[].attributes.body
4. How do children with special memory skills learn?

# data[].attributes.body
3. Why do students like TikTok?

# data[].attributes.body
2. How many hours do students sleep?

# data[].attributes.body
1. Does music affect memory?

# data[].attributes.body
What is not ethical?

# data[].attributes.body
What is ethical?

# data[].attributes.body
Q3:“What did you eat for breakfast today?”

# data[].attributes.body
Q2:“How tall are you?”

# data[].attributes.body
Q1: “Can you write down the 10 words I showed you 5 minutes ago?”