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since the appearing of the writing to the 5th century

During the period the greek and the roman culture, based on past knowledge found a provisional definition to illness, like something magical and kind of religious. As well they started developing the world of medicines in order to found a cure for the common diseases

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~25,000 - 17,000 B.C.
People began to live in settlements in which diseases from lifestock and rats started to spread among humans

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~5th Century (500 - 400) B.C.
Proposed that diseases were caused by an imbalance between four humors: melancholy, phlegm, bile and blood, rather than from a mythological or divine source

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(1020)
In Arabia the Cannon o Avicenna is published. A medicine book in which it explains how to prevent some diseases.

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During this period there was multiple changes in the point of view of what health and illness were, with the Constantinopla fall, religion and magic beliefs fell too. So that allowed to people to investigate the real behind of illness.

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~1347-1700 A.C.
Caused by bacteria Yersinia pestis, transmitted from rats to humans via flea; superstition and religion were the main source of explanation for the epidemic

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14th Century
Developed as a preventive measure to stop the spread of Black Death in Italy

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(1590) Microscope is invented by Zacarias Janssen

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1750 A.C.
People moved from the countryside to big cities. Poor labor conditions favored the development of diseases between workers

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(1804) Considered as the first health inspector

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1846
Boston dentist William T.G. Morton used sulfuric ether to anesthetize a man who needed surgery to remove a vascular tumor from his neck, becoming the first surgery performed under general anesthesia

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1853 - Developed pasteurization
1885 - Developed the rabies vaccines

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1870s
Before the 1870s, it was not common practice for doctors to sterilize their hands and equipment before surgery, as germ theory was not fully developed yet, and as a result many died from infection following surgery. The physician Joseph Lister proved the efficacy of hand washing at preventing infection and thus instituted it as a standard practice

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1882
Robert kouch identified the main cause of the disease "Mycobacterium
tuberculosis "

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1884
Robert Koch isolated the germ that caused cholera and described how it spreads, as well as prevention and control measures.

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1895
Wilhelm Roentgen discovered the X-rays and their capacity for
see bones and hard tissues inside of the body

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1899
Aspirin goes on sale around the world and becomes one of the most successful and adaptable medical drugs of all time.

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1901
Alois Alzheimer writes the first account of a form of dementia that will become known as Alzheimer's disease.

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1922
Elliott Joslin becomes one of the first physicians to introduce insulin to the United States and subsequently founds Joslin Diabetes Center.

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1928
Alexander Fleming discovered the penicilin and founds out that it could be used in the treatment of different illness

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1947
A set of research ethics principles for human experimentation. These were created in response to the Nuremberg Trials at the end of WWII, and dictate the need in research for: voluntary consent and ability to withdrawal at any time, benefit to society, results justify means, avoidance physical and mental suffering of participants, minimize risks, terminate if results are known, proper preparation to protect subjects.

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1948
The World Health Organization (WHO) began its journey when its Constitution of April 7, 1948 came into force.

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1948
Fluoridation is the act of adding fluoride ions to water in order to reduce tooth decay in the general population. Many North American municipalities fluoridate their water supplies, citing effectiveness in reducing tooth decay, safety of fluoridation, and the low cost to do so.

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1951
Henrietta Lacks was an African American woman who suffered from cervical cancer. The cells obtained from her tumor underwent a mutation that turned them practically immortal. Since then, her cells have been cultivated for use in medical research as the HeLa cell line

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On January 11, 1964, Luther L Terry M.D., Surgeon General of the U.S. Public Health Service, released the report of the Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health. That landmark document, was USA's first widely publicized official recognition that cigarette smoking is a cause of cancer and other serious diseases.

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(1981) First HIV cases are detected in New York

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2000
Authorities in the United States approved the Da Vinci robotic surgical system, which is a less invasive and less bleeding, as well as no after pain and infections surgery.

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1979
Mass General radiologists pioneer the use of MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, to diagnose illness and injury.

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2019
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2)