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a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter.

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a darkened box with a convex lens or aperture for projecting the image of an external object onto a screen inside. It is important historically in the development of photography.

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a small-format photographic film used in single-lens reflex cameras (SLRs), film cameras, rangefinders, and disposable cameras.

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A twin-lens reflex camera (TLR) is a type of camera with two objective lenses of the same focal length.

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The gelatin silver process is the most commonly used chemical process in black-and-white photography, and is the fundamental chemical process for modern analog color photography.

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a keeper or custodian of a museum or other collection.

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a public display of works of art or items of interest, held in an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair.

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a room or building for the display or sale of works of art.

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a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited.

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a business owned studio represented by one or more photographers who create and sell their own and sometimes others’ photographs.

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An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract

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An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

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An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.

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An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder).

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An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity.

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the lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray. Space An element of art by which positive and negative

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An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

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The distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture and space

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The repetition of an object or element within the art.

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The use of several elements of art to hold the viewer’s attention and to guide the viewer’s eye through and around the work of art.

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The relative size & scale of the various elements in art

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The path the viewer’s eyes takes through the work of art, often to focal points

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The feeling of harmony between all parts of the work of art , which creates a sense of completeness

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The part of the design that catches the viewer’s attention

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a type of visual balance where portions of the image radiate or extend from a central point in the frame.

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the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis.

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When a photo is asymmetrical, it has unequal visual weight on either side.

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Juxtaposition photography involves combining two or more elements in the same picture, highlighting the interesting contrast between them, to create an eye-catching and thought-provoking image.

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Abstract photography consists of images created using photography materials and equipment that don't have an immediate association with the physical world.

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Cool colors include green, blue, and violet.

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Warm colors include red, orange, and yellow.

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Muted shades that appear to lack color but often have underlying hues that change with different lighting.

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Colors opposite one another on the color wheel

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One that only features one color in the frame

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Rate of change in density with exposure

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A critique which is constructive– it informs the photographer how to improve.

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The practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own.

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The principles that guide how we take and share photographs

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an impersonal image not influenced by feelings, interpretations or prejudice.

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Focuses on the importance of self-expression, as opposed to a factual account of the subject being photographed.

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Copyright in photography means that you own an image you created.

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Trademark protection is only available for names, short phrases, slogans, service names and logos. A photo can't be trademarked because it does not meet the requisite criteria for trademark protection

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a composition guideline that places your subject in the left or right third of an image, leaving the other two thirds more open

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a compositional technique where human-made or natural lines lead the viewer's eyes through a photograph to the subject or the heart of the image

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a guide to where to place a subject or element in a photo where it will be most pleasing to the eye

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It emphasizes not just the subject, but the empty space around the subject.

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any part of the photo that jumps out from its surroundings

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Involves positioning the main light source for a photograph behind the primary subject.

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Light with an even concentration across the spread of its beam and can soften shadows and produce a more flattering image.

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any light a photographer or cinematographer did not bring to the shoot

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High contrast lighting

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a solid, dark image of a subject against a brighter background

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a set of two photos you can use to tell a story and emphasize contrast

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a group of 3 separate images displayed together.

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a view that ignores the perspective distortion we see in real life objects.

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a type of distortion wherein lines that are straight in real life appear to curve inwards

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Where straight lines bend or “pinch” inward from the center of the image

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Your camera's sensitivity to light as it pertains to either film or a digital sensor.

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an arbitrary rating of film speed

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a device that allows the camera to convert photons – that is, light – into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the device.

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The visible silver crystals in a film negative's emulsion. In other words, the random noise that you see in any film or video.

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Refers to visual distortion. Noise looks like tiny colored pixels or specks in your photograph, and sometimes resembles the grain that you may see in film photography.

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the term used to denote aperture measurements on your camera.

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The opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes

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the effect of a soft out-of-focus background that you get when shooting a subject, using a fast lens, at the widest aperture, such as f/2.8 or wider.

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how much of your image is in focus.

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determined when the lens is focused at infinity. Lens focal length tells us the angle of view—how much of the scene will be captured—and the magnification—how large individual elements will be.

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when the camera chooses the optimum shutter speed, aperture, ISO and flash settings for your shot.

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a full manual control of Aperture and Shutter Speed.

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a camera mode in which you manually set your aperture, while the camera automatically selects a shutter speed.

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a setting on cameras that allows the user to choose a specific shutter speed while the camera adjusts the aperture to ensure correct exposure.

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the camera selects and sets both the shutter speed and the aperture.

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the speed at which the shutter of the camera closes

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an exposure setting that is used when seeking to use a shutter speed of more than 30 seconds.

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a long exposure photography technique that lets you convey the feeling of movement or action in a still image

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Tripods and monopods are key tools for any serious still or video photographer, providing solid bases for taking shots

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occurs when your shutter speed is slow enough that it will not freeze your natural body shaking

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the technique in which the camera's shutter is left open during a somewhat lengthy period of time.

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Taking many photographs of the same scene and creating a video from all the captures.

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the art of creating photos by setting long exposure times on a camera and using a moving light source to “paint.”

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freezes objects in motion in a still frame.

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also known as continuous shooting mode, allows you to shoot a series of rapid-fire images without stopping.

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is a tone that is perceptually about halfway between black and white on a lightness scale

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allows the camera to measure the light reflected from the person's face and expose properly for that, instead of adjusting exposure for the much brighter light around the hairline.

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allows your camera to measure a tiny area of the scene.

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evaluates the light in the middle of the frame and its surroundings and ignores the corners.

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It ensures that the camera will automatically adjust to the right exposure setting even when the ambient lighting shows greater contrast.

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A medium tone, one that is neither very dark nor very light.

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The lightest elements in an image

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Shadows are the darkest areas in an image

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A darker border - sometimes as a blur or a shadow - at the periphery of photos.

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A chemical process that converts the metallic silver in the emulsion of a photographic print into a silver sulfide compound.

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a specific part of the frame where the camera is able to focus on something.

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you take exactly the same picture of your subject at several different exposures.

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The exposure meter indicates the level of light reaching the sensor.

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helps you override automatic exposure adjustments your camera makes in situations with uneven light distribution, filters, non-standard processing, or underexposure or overexposure

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helps you adjust the white balance and exposure settings of images by providing a reference point.

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a preset layout for the various elements that make up Photoshop's interface.

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where Photoshop holds the many tools we have to work with.