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Xi Jinping walking together with Jakaya Kikwete.

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In global resource management, the Angola Model is a good strategy used by the Chinese government to exploit resources in peripheral nations, notably across Africa and South America.

This method uses big investments and infrastructure development in exchange for access to valuable resources.

Often focusing on non-renewable resources like minerals and oil, this strategy secures China's resource needs while providing economic benefits to partner countries.

However, concerns come up regarding the sustainability and long-term impacts of this resource exploitation strategy.

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Quick Term 1: Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources

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Quick Term 1: Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources

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There are 2 different types of resources: Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources.

Renewable Resources are a type of resource that is relatively quickly renewed after exploitation and Non-Renewable Resources take a longer time to renew and usually this takes to long to be renewed so it can and will run out therefore its non-renewable.

An example of a renewable resource is Water, because the water cycle to get "new" water goes by very quickly.

An example for a non-renewable resource is something like oil because it takes hundreds of thousands of years to be formed.

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Can 100% renewable energy power the world? - Federico Rosei and Renzo Rosei

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Quick Term 2: Solidifying, and Crystallization

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Quick Term 2: Solidifying, and Crystallization

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When it the formation of different minerals, there are two key terms to understand: solidifying and crystallization.

Solidifying means the process where magma, the molten rock beneath the Earth's surface, cools down and turns into a solid. This cooling can happen in 2 different ways: Either slowly under the Earth's surface or very quickly when reaching the surface, resulting in 2 different rocks.

Crystallization, on the other hand, is the process within solidification where minerals within the magma begin to form into different patterns, creating crystals.

These crystals vary in size and shape depending on different factors, such as temperature, and/or pressure.

To sum it up, solidifying is the transition from liquid to solid, while crystallization is the formation of crystals within that solid. Both processes are crucial in creating the various rock types we all know and love.

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In today's global landscape, land grabbing happens when foreign investors buy or rent land, often in less developed countries.

This means big pieces of land are bought or leased by investors from other countries. They might use it for farming, mining, or building.

Some say it boosts the economy and creates jobs, but others worry it can harm local communities by displacing people, damaging the environment, and affecting food supplies.

It's a complicated issue involving questions of fairness, superiority, and how to develop sustainably.

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Resource curse is a term used to describe a common problem in regions rich in natural resources, where many locals don't benefit from these riches.

This happens because often, instead of these resources bringing wealth to the community, they lead to problems like corruption, inequality, and conflict. For example, corrupt officials might take profits, leaving little for the local people.

Also, when a region's economy relies too much on one resource, it can make other industries suffer, leading to fewer job opportunities for locals. This leaves most of the population without the advantages they should have from their own resources.

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Quick Term 6: Warlords, and Fragile States

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Quick Term 6: Warlords, and Fragile States

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Warlords are commanders of armed groups within a country, often with goals different from the national government. They lead military forces representing specific factions or regions, with their own interests and ideas. This can lead to power struggles, instability, and violence within the country.

Fragile states are nations marked by internal conflicts, widespread poverty, and ineffective goverments. These states struggle to provide basic services and maintain stability. Strong internal tensions, weak defenses and economic problems contribute to their vunerablility, making them unprotected to extra problems and external influence.

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News Article: CBSNews - Humans have used up the planet's natural resources for the year. Here's what Earth Overshoot Day means.

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News Article: CBSNews - Humans have used up the planet's natural resources for the year. Here's what Earth Overshoot Day means.

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/ CNN

Toronto, Ontario (CTV Network) -- Humans have already used up Earth's natural resources for the year at a pace faster than the planet can regenerate them, a natural resources research organization says.

On August 2, 2023, the world marked Earth Overshoot Day, which signals the depletion of the planet's ecological resources for the year.

Every day from today to the end of 2023, humans will carry a debt by continuing to take from nature and accumulating waste like carbon dioxide, according to data in a report from research organization the Global Footprint Network.

The demand we put on the environment has outpaced how the environment can regenerate those resources; like wood, water and plants.

The Global Footprint Network has marked Earth Overshoot Day each year since 1971.

"During the pandemic when we weren't using quite as many resources, we actually did better, but now we're back to where we started," Eric Miller, director of the Ecological Footprint Initiative in York's Faculty of Environmental and Urban Change, said in a news release.

At the height of the pandemic, in 2020, the planet hit Earth Overshoot Day on Aug. 16, the latest it hit that milestone since 2009.

Miller said Earth Overshoot Day is like a bank account: one that humans have "once again" overdrawn. Instead of money, it is natural resources that humanity has used up.

"Seven months into the year and the account is empty," he said.

The Global Footprint Network calculates the planet's biocapacity (the amount of ecological resources Earth is able to generate that year) and divides it by humanity's ecological footprint. Multiplying that number by 365 gives that year's Earth Overshoot Day.

The earliest humanity depleted Earth's resources for the year was Aug. 1, in 2018 and again in 2022, the Global Footprint Network says.

When researchers started calculating, the first Earth Overshoot Day was measured on Dec. 25, 1971, marking only a week where humans outpaced the environment.

First published on August 2, 2023 / 9:30 AM EDT

The-CNN-Wire ™ © 2023 Cable News Network, Inc., a Warner Bros. Discovery Company. All rights reserved.

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Humans have used up the planet's natural resources for the year. Here's what Earth Overshoot Day means

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The demand we put on the environment has outpaced how the environment can regenerate those resources; like wood, water and plants.

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Africa is the most resource rich continent in the world, this is because the history behind the continent: Around 300 million years ago, all the continents were stuck together like a giant puzzle to form a supercontinent called Pangea. Underneath Pangea, there was a lot of magma. This magma pushed up against Pangea, making it rise and causing cracks in the ground. This split Pangea up into the 7 continents we know today.

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In the 1800s and 1900s, Nigeria was colonized by Great Britain, which had a big impact on the country's culture and politics. The British introduced Western-style education and Christianity, especially in the south around Lagos, where they had a lot of influence. In the north, the British had less control, so schools were not as good, and Islamic traditions were stronger.

In the early 1900s, companies started looking for oil in Nigeria. The British-Dutch company Shell began exploring for oil in the 1930s. After World War II, Shell found a large oil field called Oloibiri in the Niger Delta. This discovery marked the start of Nigeria's journey as a country with a lot of oil, even after it became independent in 1960.

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In the 1600s, Portuguese colonists took control of Angola. They brought weapons and new technologies. In exchange, Angola provided resources like gold, diamonds, slaves, and ivory from elephant tusks. This made Angola a colony where resources were heavily exploited.

After World War II, the desire for independence grew in Angola. The country gained independence in 1975, but this was followed by years of civil wars and unrest, lasting until 2002. The main reasons for these conflicts were corruption among the elites and the unequal sharing of wealth from the country's resource exports, which hindered Angola's economic growth. Today, 36% of the population still lives in poverty, and the GDP per capita is about $6,800.

Most people in Angola live on the west coast near the capital, Luanda. The country's natural resources are mostly found along the coast and in the northeast.

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At the end of the 1800s, European colonizing countries like, Belgium, France, Germany, and Great Britain divided Africa among themselves. This was called the Scramble for Africa. The Congo region became a Belgian colony, known as Belgian Congo. King Leopold II aimed to "civilize" Belgian Congo by developing its infrastructure, education, and healthcare.

However, under Leopold's rule, Belgian Congo faced a lot of oppression. There was significant inequality between black and white people, heavy religious influence, and negative impacts from powerful companies. The colonizers also drew the Congo's political boundaries during the Scramble for Africa, merging many different tribal groups into a single state, leading to numerous internal conflicts.

In the 1960s, Belgian Congo faced a crisis as tensions between the local population and Belgian colonists grew. After several conflicts, Belgian Congo gained independence. Since then, the country's name and leadership have changed multiple times. In January 2019, Tshisekedi, an opposition leader, won the presidential election and became the new president.