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Another challenge they faced was the rough seas and unpredictable weather, as well as the Atlantic Wall the enemy had created a 2,400 mile line of obstacles.

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It forced the Germans to fight a two-front war against their allies in the west. Later, leading to the liberation of Paris and eventually defeating Nazi forces. Overall, it was part of winning World War II

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Eisenhower also claimed that the money was being misused and used to build power for the military. All in all, Eisenhower wrote this farewell speech to warn the public about misplaced money and to urge them to balance economic stability with military spending.

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He told the people that they chose to go to the moon becasue it was especially hard and that they needed a challenge.

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The soldiers had to face the dangers of Nazi soldiers and defences set up on the beach. The Allies had to fight up a hill against the Nazi's, who had the high ground, making the battle much more difficult for the Allies. The Allies had the majority of soldiers, with over 160 thousand, while Germany only had around 50 thousand.

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One challenge the soldiers faced was that they were unequipped to fight in the hedgerows and narrow roads they encountered in Germany. The German forces used this to their advantage, creating deadly killing fields that allied troops had to cross.

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The Effects of The Space Race On Citizens of The U.S

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The Effects of The Space Race On Citizens of The U.S

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The space race created a large Spencer of achievement, superiority and a new perspective on Earth, aiding the early Environmental Movement, the space race also directed over a billion dollars to science and language education to catch up with the soviets. Many technological developments like integrated circuits, advanced materials, and satellite communications eventually improved civilian life, while the massive job investment of Nasa's projects created many job opportunities for the shifting workspace.

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They had to fight through rough terrain, that favored in german territory, the weather was often wet and bad, they had some psychological strain with intense combat and the inability to rest.

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The space race was a race between the USSR and USA, it was a race to be the first to space. It was to gain an advantage of supremacy, it was to gain technology and Military advantages.

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Speech

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John F Kennedy gave his famous "We choose to go to the Moon" speech at Rice University on September 12, 1962, to assure everyone that there would be a man on the moon by the decade end, emphasizing that such a challenge was necessary for American leadership, while adding on to Houston's growing role as a hub for NASA.

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Three days before he left office, he wrote a speech warning his citizens about how much money was being spent on military installations. He claimed that the money should have been going to schools in hospitals instead of to the military.

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Early rocket technology in the mid 1940-1960s after WWII had showed uses for rockets and missiles. What started as building for defense turned into a want to use that technology to reach space exploration.

President Kennedy's Declaration had turned the space race into a race to the moon.

People wants to go to space.

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In 1961, JFK's speech was extremely significant. The purpose of the Space Race was a challenge between the Soviet Union and the U.S. to reach the Moon, which the U.S. did through Project Apollo, resulting in the successful 1969 lunar landing. This landing sparked technological advancements in computing and materials, fueled a focus on STEM education, and established enduring NASA infrastructure.

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Over 4,400 allied troops were killed in the initial D-Day battle, not counting the continued battle of Normandy

About 2500 American troops were killed

An estimated 4000-9000 german troops were killed

The total causualties counting the Battle of Normandy reach over 100,000.

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The US and the Soviet Union were competing for national dominance in the scientific world. These two countries were on a mission to launch rockets into space, making space a military asset.

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pghoto of d-day

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After JFK's Space Race Speech, projects from NASA were executed to reach his goal, like Project Apollo, Mercury, and Gemini. By July 20, 1969, Project Apollo succeeded, and Neil Armstrong landed on the moon. The Soviet Union was the first to get a man in space, but the U.S. won the space race overall.

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JFK proposes a moon landing goal and assures they will make it their first

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JFK held this speech to inform the public about the moon landing. He also reassured everyone that they would make it to the moon before everyone else.

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Rice University established one of the first space science departments, and land was provided for the Johnson Space Center.

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Rice University established one of the first space science departments, and land was provided for the Johnson Space Center.

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Dwight D. Eisenhower was the 34th president of the United States, from 1953 to 1961. After the end of World War II, Dwight was elected president. He was born in Texas on October 14th, 1890, and died on March 28th, 1969.

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What was D-Day? (Brief summary of events)

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What was D-Day? (Brief summary of events)

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D-Day was the day over 195,000 naval personnel from eight allied countries stormed the shores of Normandy. It was during the time of WWII, and it was an event that eventually led to the defeat of German Nazi forces, and led to German General Alfred Jodl signing an unconditional surrender at Reims, France.

(Paraphrased from eisenhowerlibrary.gov)

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The D-Day operation of June 6, 1944, brought together the land, air, and sea forces of the allied armies in what became known as the largest amphibious invasion in military history. The operation, given the codename OVERLORD, delivered five naval assault divisions to the beaches of Normandy, France. The beaches were given the code names UTAH, OMAHA, GOLD, JUNO, and SWORD. The invasion force included 7,000 ships and landing craft manned by over 195,000 naval personnel from eight allied countries. Almost 133,000 troops from the United States, the British Commonwealth, and their allies, landed on D-Day. Casualties from these countries during the landing numbered 10,300. By June 30, over 850,000 men, 148,000 vehicles, and 570,000 tons of supplies had landed on the Normandy shores. Fighting by the brave soldiers, sailors, and airmen of the allied forces western front, and Russian forces on the eastern front, led to the defeat of German Nazi forces. On May 7, 1945, German General Alfred Jodl signed an unconditional surrender at Reims, France.

Order of the Day, June 6, 1944:

General Eisenhower's determination that operation OVERLORD (the invasion of France) would bring a quick end to the war is obvious in this message to the troops of the Allied Expeditionary Forces on June 6, 1944, the morning of the invasion.

"Order of the Day" - statement as issued to the soldiers, sailors and airmen of the Allied Expeditionary Force on June 6, 1944 [Museum Manuscripts transferred to the Library FY69, Box 1; NAID #12000995]

"Order of the Day" - draft of statement [Ray W. Barker Papers, 1942-46, Box 1, Papers Pertaining to COSSAC and SHAEF, 1942-1945 (1); NAID #12010107]

In Case of Failure of the D-Day Operation:

Following the decision for the cross channel invasion, General Eisenhower wrote a press release on a pad of paper, to be used if necessary. The handwritten message by General Eisenhower, the "In Case of Failure message," is mistakenly dated "July" 5 instead of "June" 5.

In Case of Failure Message [Eisenhower's Pre-Presidential Papers, Principal File, Box 168, Butcher Diary June 28 - July 14, 1944 (2); NAID #186470] Transcript

Prelude to Operation Overlord:

The Trident Conference, May 1943 [Combined Chiefs of Staff: Conference Proceedings, Box 2, Trident Conference May 1943 Papers and Minutes of Meetings; NAID #12005142]

The Quadrant Conference, August 1943 [Combined Chiefs of Staff: Conference Proceedings, Box 2, Quadrant Conference August 1943 Papers and Minutes of Meetings; NAID #12005143]

Harry Butcher, Naval Aide to General Eisenhower, Diary Entry, October 5, 1943 [Eisenhower's Pre-Presidential Papers, Principal File, Box 167, Diary-Butcher Oct. 1 - Dec. 30 1943 (1); NAID #12004922]

The Sextant and Eureka Conferences, November-December 1943 [Combined Chiefs of Staff: Conference Proceedings, Box 2, Sextant Conference November-December 1943 Papers and Minutes of Meetings; NAID #12005144]
Handwritten note from President Roosevelt to Marshal Stalin appointing General Eisenhower to command Operation Overlord. General George Marshall added a note to Eisenhower on December 7, 1943
Overlord - Anvil Papers, December 1943 - April 1944 Part 1 [Walter Bedell Smith Collection of World War II Documents, Box 21, Overlord-Anvil Paper (1); NAID #12009137]

Overlord - Anvil Papers, December 1943 - April 1944 Part 2 [Walter Bedell Smith Collection of World War II Documents, Box 21, Overlord-Anvil Paper (6); NAID #12005073]

Operation Policy Memoranda, January 29, 1944 [DDE's Pre-Presidential Papers, Box 136, Conferences Supreme Commanders (Jan-June 1944); NAID #12005223]

British Assault Area - Naval Operation Orders, May 15, 1944 [Walter Bedell Smith Collection of World War II Documents, Box 48, British Assault Area - Naval Operation Orders Operation Neptune (1); NAID #12004565]

Minutes of the SCAEF 21st Meeting, June 2, 1944 [DDE's Pre-Presidential Papers, Box 136, Conferences Supreme Commanders (Jan-June 1944); NAID #12004923]

Conditions in Normandy, June 3, 1944 [DDE's Pre-Presidential Papers, Box 137, Crusade In Europe (Documents) (3); NAID #12005079]

Reports:

Report of the 8th Air Force, Normandy Invasion, June 2-17, 1944 [Walter Bedell Smith Collection of World War II Documents, Box 48, Eight Air Force Tactical Operations in Support of Allied Landings in Normandy June 2-17 1944 (1); NAID #12005069]

Report of the Amphibious Operations, Invasion of Northern France, Western Task Force, United States Fleet, June 1944 [Walter Bedell Smith Collection of World War II Documents, Box 48, Amphibious Operations Invasion of Northern France - Western Task Force June 1944; NAID #12005066]

Report of the 82nd Airborne Division, "Operation Neptune" at Normandy, June 6 - July 8, 1944 [U.S. Army Unit Records, Box 6, 82nd Airborne Division in Normandy France - Operation Neptune; NAID #12004816]

After Action Report, 115th Infantry, June 1944 [U.S. Army Unit Records, Box 867, 115th Infantry Regiment After Action Report June 1944; NAID #12004462]

After Action Report, Headquarters, 22nd Infantry, July 21, 1944 [U.S. Army Unit Records, Box 791, HQ 22nd Infantry Regiment After Action Report June 1944; NAID #12004463]

SHAEF (Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces) Messages:

SHAEF Incoming Message from General Eisenhower to General Marshall concerning the first reports of the Normandy landing, June 6, 1944 [DDE's Pre-Presidential Papers, Box 133, Cables Official (GCM/DDE February 19 - October 18, 1944) (4); NAID #594652]

SHAEF Message from General Eisenhower reporting on the D-Day landing area, June 8, 1944 [DDE's Pre-Presidential Papers, Box 130, Cables-(C.C.S. October 1943 - July 1945) (2); NAID #12009139]

Journal Entries:

Journal entries from the 16th Infantry Regiment Journal, June 6-17, 1944 [U.S. Army Unit Records, Box 1264, 16th Infantry Regiment Journal June 6-17 1944; NAID #12004868]

Additional Information:
D-Day: Planning Overlord Subject Guide D-Day: The Invasion Subject Guide
Photographs:

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World War II: D-Day, The Invasion of Normandy

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The D-Day operation of June 6, 1944, brought together the land, air, and sea forces of the allied armies in what became known as the largest amphibious invasion in military history. The operation, given the codename OVERLORD, delivered five naval assault divisions to the beaches of Normandy, France.