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1889

The First Settlement in the US was Jane Addam's Hull House.

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January 1, 1892

New York immigration center

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1889

An experiment in group living, performed by Jane Addams.

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The Contract Labor Law of 1885 Being Put into Effect

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The Contract Labor Law of 1885 Being Put into Effect

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February 26, 1885

Restricted temporary workers, in an effort to protect American workers from competition.

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The Chinese Exclusion Act Being Put into Effect

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The Chinese Exclusion Act Being Put into Effect

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May 6, 1882

First significant law restricting immigration into the US.

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Settlement houses were established by middle-class individuals to provide social services and education to immigrants, aiming to alleviate poverty and promote the growth of the middle-class, despite many remaining in poverty.

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Political machines, organized by top politicians, welcomed immigrants to gain loyalty and coordinate needs. They provided welfare, jobs, and food for newcomers, by also faced corruption and fraud, with some politicians stealing millions from taxpayers.

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Several groups supported efforts to restrict immigration from 1865 to 1898. They each had their own reasons, many of which overlapped. The labor union members were motivated by economic concerns. Employers benefitted from competition among workers for jobs, but feared immigrants would advocate radical reforms. Nativists felt alarmed that immigrants would take their jobs and weaken the culture of the Anglo majority. Social Darwinists believed southern and eastern Europeans, along with any non-Europeans were biologically inferior to people of English and German heritage.

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Urbanization and industrialization led to a shift in population from rural to urban areas, with 40% of Americans living in towns or cities by 1900. Immigrants and African Americans sought economic opportunities in cities.

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There were many negative forces driving Europeans to emigrate. Those forces including poverty of displaced farmworkers, overcrowding, joblessness, and religious prosecution. However, there were many positive forces that drove the Europeans to emigrate. Those include political freedom, religious freedom, economic freedom, abundance of industrial jobs in US cites, and relatively inexpensive one-way passage to the US.

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AMSCO APUSH Textbook, Chapter 6.9

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Gilded Age/Progressive Era

This is a selected bibliography of primary source collections pertaining to the Gilded Age and Progressive Era in U.S. history available online. Please note, the library is not responsible for the content on these sources and it is the student's responsibility to properly cite from the proper location. There may also be secondary sources included in these collections and it is up to the student to evaluate if the item qualifies as a primary or secondary source.

LSC-Kingwood Library | Ask Us: | Kingwood.Library@LoneStar.edu Reference: 281.312.1693 | Circulation: 281.312.1691 | LIB 100, 20000 Kingwood Drive, Kingwood, TX 77339

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Guides: Primary Sources (U.S. History): Gilded Age/Progressive Era

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Argued that a salad bowl would be a better metaphor than a melting pot for the idea that immigrant groups quickly shed their old-world characteristics in order to become successful citizens of their adopted country. This is because in a salad bowl each ingredient (ethnic culture) remains intact.

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Described how the American experience "melted" European immigrants "into a new race of men", in his "Letters from an American Farmer".

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Started the Hull House experiment in Chicago, as only a college classmate in 1889.

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French sculptor who created the Statue of Liberty.

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Observed that African Americans who migrated to Northern cities faced the special problem of racism, which seemed to create seemingly permanent ghettos.

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Political organizations that exercised enormous control over local government. They often tricked individuals into voting for them through things such as incentives and empty promises.

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Law that restricted temporary workers, in an effort to protect American workers from competition.

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Largest anti-Catholic organization of the 1890s

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Gift to America from the French. It honored the alliance between the two of them, during the American Revolution.

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Act that banned any new Chinese immigrants from entering the U.S.

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Responses to Immigration in the Gilded Age

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Responses to Immigration in the Gilded Age

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Hannah Agor

6.9