# data[].attributes.body
I’m sure you’re all familiar with the Union Jack flag of Great Britain, and perhaps you may also know what the individual flags of Scotland, Wales and Ireland look like, but did you know that there are also many other flags in the UK too?
In this article, we take a closer look at these lesser-known British flags and discover what they represent and how they help they help retain a sense of local identity.

Flags of The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Let’s start with the one we all recognise, the Union Jack, so-called because it represents all four flags of the kingdoms of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. The design reflects the 1801 Act of Union between Britain and Ireland, although rather interestingly the Welsh flag was not incorporated into the Union Jack as it was considered to be a province of England.

Tradition states that this flag should always be flown with the broader white diagonal seen on the top left quadrant, nearest the top of the flagpole. However, if it is ever seen to be flying upside down with the broader white stripe at the base, this is usually interpreted as a sign of distress or emergency.

# data[].attributes.headline
Flags of the different countries and regions

# data[].attributes.subject
Flags of the different countries and regions

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.britannica.com/place/Scotland

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Scotland, most northerly of the four parts of the United Kingdom, occupying about one-third of the island of Great Britain. The name Scotland derives from the Latin Scotia, land of the Scots, a Celtic people from Ireland who settled on the west coast of Great Britain about the 5th century ce. The name Caledonia has often been applied to Scotland, especially in poetry. It is derived from Caledonii, the Roman name of a tribe in the northern part of what is now Scotland.

An austere land, subject to extremes of weather, Scotland has proved a difficult home for countless generations of its people, who have nonetheless prized it for its beauty and unique culture. "I am a Scotsman," the poet and novelist Sir Walter Scott wrote in the 19th century; "therefore I had to fight my way into the world." Historically one of Europe's poorest countries, Scotland has contributed much to political and practical theories of progress: forged in the Scottish Enlightenment in the hands of such philosophers as Francis Hutcheson, Adam Smith, and David Hume, who viewed humankind as a product of history and the "pursuit of happiness" as an inalienable right, this progressive ideal contributed substantially to the development of modern democracy. Scots have also played a vital role in many of the world's most important scientific and technological innovations, with inventors, engineers, and entrepreneurs such as Alexander Graham Bell, James Watt, Andrew Carnegie, and John McAdam extending Scotland's reach far beyond the small country's borders. Few students of English-language literature are unacquainted with historian Thomas Carlyle, poet Robert Burns, and novelist Muriel Spark.

Scotland's relations with England, with which it was merged in 1707 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain, have long been difficult. Although profoundly influenced by the English, Scotland has long refused to consider itself as anything other than a separate country, and it has bound itself to historical fact and legend alike in an effort to retain national identity, as well as to the distinct dialect of English called Scots; writing defiantly of his country's status, the nationalist poet Hugh MacDiarmid proclaimed: "For we ha'e faith in Scotland's hidden poo'ers, The present's theirs, but a' the past and future's oors." That independent spirit bore fruit in 1996, when the highly symbolic Stone of Scone was returned to Edinburgh, Scotland's capital, from London, and in 1999 a new Scottish Parliament-the first since 1707-was elected and given significant powers over Scottish affairs.

Edinburgh is a handsome city of great historical significance and one of Europe's chief cultural centres. Other significant principal cities include Glasgow, Dundee, Aberdeen, and Perth, all centres for industry, transportation, and commerce.

Hardworking, practical, and proud of their traditions, the Scots have a reputation for thrift that verges on miserliness. Travelers to the country, however, often remark on the generosity and friendliness of their hosts, as well as on the vibrancy of contemporary Scottish culture. An ancient Gaelic song, a blessing on cattle and the people who keep them, speaks to that hospitality in a sometimes inhospitable landscape:

Pastures smooth, long, and spreading,

Grassy meads aneath your feet,

The friendship of God the Son to bring you home

To the field of the fountains,

Field of the fountains.

Closed be every pit to you,

Smoothed be every knoll to you,

Cosy every exposure to you,

Beside the cold mountains,

Beside the cold mountains.

Land

Scotland is bounded by England to the south, the Atlantic Ocean to the west and north, and the North Sea to the east. The west coast is fringed by deep indentations (sea lochs or fjords) and by numerous islands, varying in size from mere rocks to the large landmasses of Lewis and Harris, Skye, and Mull. The island clusters of Orkney and Shetland lie to the north. At its greatest length, measured from Cape Wrath to the Mull of Galloway, the mainland of Scotland extends 274 miles (441 km), while the maximum breadth-measured from Applecross, in the western Highlands, to Buchan Ness, in the eastern Grampian Mountains-is 154 miles (248 km). But, because of the deep penetration of the sea in the sea lochs and firths (estuaries), most places are within 40 to 50 miles (65 to 80 km) of the sea, and only 30 miles (50 km) of land separate the Firth of Clyde and the Firth of Forth, the two great estuarine inlets on the west and east coasts, respectively.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Scotland | History, Capital, Map, Flag, Population, & Facts

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Scotland is the most northerly of the four parts of the United Kingdom, occupying about one-third of the island of Great Britain. It has a long and complicated history with England, with which it was merged in 1707 to form the United Kingdom. Its capital is Edinburgh.

# data[].attributes.body
Republic of Ireland
https://www.britannica.com/place/Ireland

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Audio File: National anthem of Ireland

Head Of Government:

Prime Minister: Leo Varadkar
...(Show more)

Capital:

Dublin
...(Show more)

Population:

(2023 est.) 5,203,000
...(Show more)

Currency Exchange Rate:

1 USD equals 0.939 euro
...(Show more)

Head Of State:

President: Michael D. Higgins
...(Show more)

Ireland, Irish Éire, country of western Europe occupying five-sixths of the westernmost major island of the British Isles.

The magnificent scenery of Ireland's Atlantic coastline faces a 2,000-mile- (3,200-km-) wide expanse of ocean, and its geographic isolation has helped it to develop a rich heritage of culture and tradition that was linked initially to the Gaelic language. Washed by abundant rain, the country's pervasive grasslands create a green-hued landscape that is responsible for the popular sobriquet Emerald Isle. Ireland is also renowned for its wealth of folklore, from tales of tiny leprechauns with hidden pots of gold to that of the patron saint, Patrick, with his legendary ridding the island of snakes and his reputed use of the three-leaved shamrock as a symbol for the Christian Trinity. But while many may think of Ireland as an enchanted land, the republic has been beset with perennial concerns-emigration, cultural and political identity, and relations with Northern Ireland (comprising the 6 of Ireland's 32 counties within the province of Ulster that remain part of the United Kingdom). At the beginning of the 21st century, Ireland's long-standing economic problems were abating, owing to its diverse export-driven economy, but calamity struck again in 2008 when a new financial and economic crisis befell the country, culminating in a very costly bailout of the Irish economy by the European Union (EU) and the International Monetary Fund.

The emergence of Ireland as an independent country is a fairly recent phenomenon. Until the 17th century, political power was widely shared among a rather loosely constructed network of small earldoms in often-shifting alliances. Following the so-called "Flight of the Earls" after an unsuccessful uprising in the early 17th century, Ireland effectively became an English colony. It was formally incorporated into the United Kingdom in 1801. A 1914 Home Rule Act was passed but never implemented due to pro-union militancy in the north, the onset of World War I, and the subsequent Irish War of Independence. In 1920 the island was effectively partitioned with the creation of Northern Ireland, a six-county area with devolved powers within the United Kingdom, whereas under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 6, 1921, the other 26 counties became the Irish Free State, a self-governing dominion within the British Commonwealth and Empire. In 1937 the southern state passed a new constitution that offered a more robust expression of sovereignty, and in 1949 it formally left the Commonwealth as the Republic of Ireland.

Since then Ireland has become integrated with the rest of western Europe. It joined the European Economic Community (forerunner of the EU) in 1973. Though the country generally retained a neutral role in international affairs, in 2008 Ireland became an impediment to the enactment of the Lisbon Treaty -an agreement aimed at streamlining the EU's processes and giving it a higher international profile-when the Irish voted against the passage of the treaty in a national referendum. The treaty, however, was approved by Irish voters in a second referendum, held the following year.

Dependent on agriculture, Ireland was long among Europe's poorest regions, a principal cause of mass migration from Ireland, especially during the cycle of famine in the 19th century. Some 40 million Americans trace their ancestry to Ireland as a result of that traumatic exodus, as do millions of others throughout the world. Every year members of this diaspora visit their ancestral homeland and forge connections with long-lost family.

Ireland's capital is Dublin, a populous and affluent city whose metropolitan area is home to more than one-fourth of the country's total population. The city's old dockside neighbourhoods have given way to new residential and commercial development. Cork, Ireland's second largest city, is a handsome cathedral city and port in the southwest. Other principal centres include Waterford, Wexford, and Drogheda on the east coast, Sligo in the northwest, and Limerick and Galway in the west.

Although Ireland is now both urbanized and Europeanized, its culture retains many unique characteristics, and its people prize folkloric and social traditions that largely derive from and celebrate the country's rural past. In "Meditations in Time of Civil War" William Butler Yeats, perhaps Ireland's best-known poet, evokes the idyllic and idealized countryside, a place central to the memories of the country's millions of expatriates and their descendants:

An acre of stony ground,

Where the symbolic rose can break in flower,

Old ragged elms, old thorns innumerable,

The sound of the rain or sound

Of every wind that blows;

The stilted water-hen

Crossing stream again

Scared by the splashing of a dozen cows.

Land

The republic of Ireland occupies the greater part of an island lying to the west of Great Britain, from which it is separated-at distances ranging from 11 to 120 miles (18 to 193 km)-by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St. George's Channel. Located in the temperate zone between latitudes 51°30′ and 55°30′ N and longitudes 6°00′ and 10°30′ W-as far north as Labrador or British Columbia in Canada and as far west as the West African state of Liberia-it constitutes the westernmost outpost of the Atlantic fringe of the Eurasian landmass (the absolute extreme of which is Tearaght Island, the westernmost member of the Blasket Islands, which lie off the Dingle Peninsula and are part of County Kerry). Ireland, which, like Great Britain, once formed part of this landmass, lies on the European continental shelf, surrounded by seas that are generally less than 650 feet (200 metres) deep. The greatest distance from north to south in the island is 302 miles (486 km), and from east to west it is 171 miles (275 km).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Ireland | History, Map, Flag, Capital, Population, & Facts

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Ireland, country of western Europe occupying five-sixths of the westernmost major island of the British Isles. The country is noted for a rich heritage of culture and tradition that was linked initially to the Gaelic language. Its capital city is Dublin.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rNu8XDBSn10

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
The Difference between the UK, Great Britain & England Explained

# data[].attributes.body
https://bristolenos.com/2014/09/08/diferencias-entre-uk-gran-bretana-e-inglaterra/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Belfast & N.Ireland

Hoy os he buscado la forma gráfica de aprender a diferenciar entre Reino Unido, Gran Bretaña e Inglaterra, que no son lo mismo. Para no daros la "chapa" con demasiado texto, os he dejado dos imágenes que lo resumen y un vídeo en inglés con la historia del origen del Reino Unido.

REINO UNIDO - La unión de 4 países independientes en uno: Inglaterra, Escocia, Gales e Irlanda del Norte.

GREAT BRITAIN - (Gran Bretaña) La isla principal, donde están Inglaterra, Escocia y Gales.

BRITAIN - Históricamente, el área o unión de Gales e Inglaterra. Actualmente los própios británico usan el térmico de Britain para todo Great Britain.

ISLAS BRITÁNICAS - Las islas de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda, y las pequeñas de alrededor.

IRLANDA - Segunda isla por tamaño de las islas británicas, dividida en dos países: Irlanda del Norte (UK) y la República de Irlanda.

Vídeo rápido y muy didáctico que explica la formación del Reino Unido, diferencias entre nacionalidades, su formación, las islas y la monarquía:

Y un gráfico muy útil para resumirlo todo:
Para aprender más sobre las Islas Británicas, diferencias e historia: http://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/questions/britain.html http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Británicas http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reino_Unido

Categorías: Belfast & N.Ireland, Curiosidades, Notícias

Etiquetado como: diferencia entre inglaterra y gran bretaña, diferencia entre inglaterra y reino unido, diferencia ingleses y británicos, diferencias entre las islas británicas, españoles en escocia, españoles en gales, españoles en gran bretaña, españoles en inglaterra, españoles en irlanda, españoles en reino unido, españoles en uk, países de gran bretaña, países del reino unido, países islas británicas

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Diferencias entre UK, Gran Bretaña e Inglaterra

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Hoy os he buscado la forma gráfica de aprender a diferenciar entre Reino Unido, Gran Bretaña e Inglaterra, que no son lo mismo. Para no daros la "chapa" con demasiado texto, os he dejado dos imágenes que lo resumen y un vídeo en inglés con la historia del origen del Reino Unido.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.britannica.com/place/British-Isles

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This article was most recently revised and updated by

British Isles, group of islands off the northwestern coast of Europe. The group consists of two main islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and numerous smaller islands and island groups, including the Hebrides, the Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands, the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Man. Some also include the Channel Islands in this grouping. Although the term British Isles has a long history of common usage, it has become increasingly controversial, especially for some in Ireland who object to its connotation of political and cultural connections between Ireland and the United Kingdom. See England; Ireland; Northern Ireland; Scotland; United Kingdom; Wales.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Adam Augustyn.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
British Isles | Definition, Countries, Map, & Facts

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
British Isles, group of islands off the northwestern coast of Europe. The group consists of two main islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and numerous smaller islands and island groups, including the Hebrides, the Shetland Islands, the Orkney Islands, the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Man.