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measuring acute stress in correlation with media consumption of a tradgedy.

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measuring acute stress in correlation with media consumption of a tradgedy.

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"Media’s role in broadcasting acute stress followingthe Boston Marathon bombings" is an article published november 14, 2013 by E. Alison Holmana , Dana Rose Garﬁn, and Roxane Cohen Silver. Published by PNAS

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negative effects of pornography addiction 

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negative effects of pornography addiction 

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"Physiological, Psychosocial and Substance Abuse Effects of Pornography Addiction: A Narrative Review" is an article pulling from many studies published by national library of medicine in jan 12, 2023.

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Haseeb Mehmood Qadri haseebmehmood18yahoo.com ✉Corresponding author.

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Physiological, Psychosocial and Substance Abuse Effects of Pornography Addiction: A Narrative Review

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Internet pornography provides explicit content in various forms and can progress from habit to addiction. The consumption of online porn has risen due to the general use of current technology. The main reasons people consume it are sexual arousal…

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social media's impact on university students mental health

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social media's impact on university students mental health

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"The mediating effect of nomophobia in the relationship between problematic social media use/problematic smartphone use and psychological distress among university students." is an academic journal published in Psychology, Health & Medicine, in Aug2025.

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"Effects of Social Media on Mental Health" is a blog published by By the Annie E. Casey Foundation on December 12, 2024.

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How Does Social Media Affect Mental Health?

In less than a generation, social media was born and evolved into a staple of modern life. Today, the ​"typical" social media user spends two hours and 23 minutes a day perusing social platforms. And teens report being on YouTube or TikTok ​"almost constantly," according to a 2023 survey by Pew Research Center.

Despite social media's enormous popularity, many mental health experts urge caution. Multiple studies have found a strong link between heavy social media and an increased risk of depression, anxiety, loneliness, self-harm and even suicidal thoughts, according to the global nonprofit HelpGuide​.org.

Is Social Media Bad for Mental Health?

In 2023, U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy issued an advisory calling attention to ​"the growing concerns about the effects of social media on youth mental health." The advisory highlights a number of research findings that associate social media use with mental health concerns. For example, it noted that U.S. teens, ages 12 to 15, who spent more than three hours a day on social media faced double the risk of experiencing poor mental health outcomes, including symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Read more on social media and teen mental health
Social media use has also been linked to FOMO (fear of missing out). Viewing the highlights of someone else's life on social media can cause people to feel left out, behind in life and inadequate. This rise in FOMO can fuel anxiety, greater social media dependence, disrupted sleep and reduced concentration, according to researchers. Social media experiences can and do differ depending on a user's race, age, gender and sexual orientation. For example, as reported in the surgeon general's advisory:

Nearly 60% of adolescent girls reported feeling uncomfortable due to an interaction with a stranger on social media.

Among adolescent social media users, 64% report being exposed to hate-based content at least ​"sometimes," while 1 in 3 adolescent girls of color say report encountering racist content online.

For teenage girls, ages 13 to 17, 46% reported that social media made them feel worse about their bodies. Facebook use was associated with depression among people younger than 35. In the over-35 age group, using TikTok or Snapchat - but not Facebook - was connected to symptoms of depression, according to a 2022 multidisciplinary study on social media use and adult depression.

Ten Negative Impacts of Social Media

Why is social media bad for mental health? Some negative influences and outcomes that researchers associate with social media use include:

1. worsening anxiety and depression;

2. addiction to technology;

3. experience with cyberbullying;

4. normalizing high-risk behaviors;

5. worsening body image;

6. decreased productivity;

7. exposure to inappropriate content, including sexual and hate-based content;

8. disrupted or reduced levels of sleep;

9. reduced physical activity; and

10. social isolation.

Positive Effects of Social Media on Mental Health

Social media isn't all bad. Many people use social media for its benefits - to connect with friends, learn something new, facilitate a sense of belonging and more. As the American Psychological Association puts it, social media is a communication tool that both ​"charms and harms."

Some of the mental health-related benefits of social media, as identified by HelpGuide​.org, include:

facilitating creative expression;

staying in touch with friends and family who live far away;

networking with like-minded people and groups;

joining and engaging in worthwhile causes;

gaining or giving emotional support during challenging times;

accessing online support resources and care; and

learning about new topics, products and trends.

Mental Health in the Age of Social Media

Individuals can practice responsible and safe social media use while also protecting their mental health and well-being. Some smart steps to consider taking include:

Reducing screen time. Cutting social media use to 30 minutes a day resulted in young adults experiencing significantly reduced levels of anxiety, depression, loneliness, sleep problems and FOMO, according to a 2018 study by the University of Pennsylvania.

Building connections offline. Set aside time to connect directly with family and friends, volunteer for a good cause or join a group of like-minded individuals that meet up on a regular basis.

Monitoring and limiting children's use of social media. Parental control apps can help restrict a child's phone use and safeguard their privacy. Parents can also establish social media breaks designed to help kids both disconnect and develop healthier technology habits.

Remembering that social media isn't real life. It's helpful to recognize (and to remind younger social media users) that people can easily manipulate, enhance and curate the posts and information they're sharing.

Understanding the relationship between social media and sleep. Parents of young social media users should consider instituting a no-technology hour before bedtime to support healthy sleep habits. Adults should consider leaving their devices in another room to charge overnight.

Read about the effects of social media and technology on Gen Alpha See the rate of children and teens with anxiety or depression in the United States

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Effects of Social Media on Mental Health

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Explore how social media negatively effects mental health and get tips on becoming a smarter social media consumer.

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"The Brains of Porn Addicts" is a article published by mentalhealth.com and published in Jan 17th 2025.

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Learn how pornography affects the brain, leading to physical, psychological, and behavioral changes that can cause emotional upheaval.

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"Media overload is hurting our mental health. Here are ways to manage headline stress" Is a article publshed in december 2022 by American Psychological association.

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Media overload is hurting our mental health. Here are ways to manage headline stress

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Psychologists are seeing an increase in news-related stress and media saturation overload. They recommend dietary media restriction and being proactive in healthy responses.

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"Alarming Average Screen Time Statistics (2025)" Is an article published by exploding topics and written by Fabio Duarte and updated last in april 2025.

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by Josh Howarth
January 13, 2023

Screen time has become part of the fabric of everyday life for most.

And many do not realize just how much time they are dedicating to phone screens, computer screens, and TV screens.

With that in mind, we'll explore the latest screen time data to reveal insights focused on these areas:

Average Screen Time Stats 2023

Globally, people average 6 hours 58 minutes of screen time per day.

Daily screen time has increased by nearly 50 minutes per day since 2013.

The average American spends 7 hours and 4 minutes looking at a screen each day.

South Africans spend 10 hours and 46 minutes on screen per day.

Almost half (49%) of 0 to 2-year-olds interact with smartphones.

Gen Z averages around 9 hours ofscreen time per day.

Average Screen Time Overview

According to the latest available data, the average person spends 6 hours and 58 minutes per day on screens connected to the internet.

That's a 1% (4 minutes) increase over 2021's figure - equating to 5 billion+ days when extrapolated across all global internet users.

Overall, daily screen time is up 13% (49 minutes) since 2013.

Here's a breakdown of the average internet-connected screen time since 2013:

The latest figures suggest the average person spends upwards of 40% of their waking hours on an internet-connected screen.

And given the 30% jump between 2019's mobile device screen time (2 hours 56 minutes) and 2021's (4 hours 12 minutes), global screen time averages are likely to continue to grow.

Source: Data Reportal, Data Reportal, DigitalInformationWorld

US Average Screen Time

The average screen time in the United States is 7 hours 4 minutes per day - 7 minutes more than the global average according to Comparitech data.

The split between mobile and computer screen time is almost equal in the US. On average, 3 hours 30 minutes are dedicated to mobile devices, while 3 hours 34 minutes are spent on computers.

Here's a comparison between the US and global screen time allocation:

Country

Proportion Streaming TV

Proportion Playing Video Games

Daily Time Spent on Video Games

Daily Time Spent on Social Media

Somewhat surprisingly, the US is behind the world average in terms of the proportion of the population streaming TV (-1.9%) and the proportion of the population playing video games (-2.7%).

Daily time spent on video games is 15 minutes above average. But time spent on social media is 13 minutes lower than the global average.

Age clearly plays a significant role in screen time consumption as US teenagers spend over 3 hours per day watching TV or videos.

Here's the full breakdown of how the average US teen distributes their daily screen time:

And looking at this demographic in closer detail, the income also plays a notable role in screen time consumption.

American teenagers from lower-income households (<$35,000 annual household income) spend 9 hours and 19 minutes on their screens each day.

That's 2 hours and 3 minutes more than the 7 hours and 16 minutes averaged by teenagers from higher income households ($100,000+ annual household income).

Sources: Comparitech, Common Sense Media

Screen Time Changes Over Time

From phones to tablets and smartwatches to TVs, screens are everywhere.

The vast majority are connected to the internet nowadays. And the average time spent using the internet via our screens is on the rise.

However, the rate of time increase isn't the same across the board. And some countries have even seen a drop-off between 2021 and 2022.

Here's the rate of change between average screen time in 2021 and 2022 for select countries:

Average Screen Time By Region

Screen time varies significantly by region. According to recent records from 43 nations, South Africa tops the charts for average screen time consumption per day.

The Philippines, Brazil, and Colombia each average 10+ hours per day too.

Here's a closer look at 20 of the most active screen time users:

On average, people spent 44% of their waking hours looking at a screen.

Yet, in South Africa, this figure is closer to 70%.

While, in Japan, this proportion is far lower at just 28%.

As is evident from the above table, mobile and computer screen time is fairly evenly split. In fact, the five largest discrepancies each come from Asia:

Thailand - 20% difference in favor of mobile screen time

Indonesia - 14% difference in favor of mobile screen time

India - 12% difference in favor of mobile screen time

Saudi Arabia - 12% difference in favor of mobile screen time

The largest difference in favor of computer screen time is found in Portugal - 10%.

Globally, social media screen time and game console screen time are on the rise. But more traditional television (which includes streaming) viewing time is declining.

Below are figures for global average screen time allocation per day:

And here's how the countries above compare in terms of each screen time allocation:

Country

Proportion Streaming TV

Proportion Playing Video Games

Daily Time Spent on Video Games

Daily Time Spent on Social Media

Approximately 77.4% of Chinese citizens play video games - 6.2% under the global average.

And an average of 1 hour 15 minutes is spent on games consoles - just 3 minutes above the world mean.

Nonetheless, the Chinese government is aiming to crack down on children's screen time by limiting their play time to three hours per week. That equates to just under 26 minutes per day.

From the available data, Japan and Russia average the closest play time to that figure (30 minutes). And only Israel averages less (19 minutes).

Screen Time by Age

Age is an important factor in screen time consumption. Around 3 in 4 (74%) of parents with a child aged 2 or younger claim their child watches TV.

And 90% of older children spend time watching a TV screen.

Here's a breakdown of the proportion of children who use certain devices according to the latest research:

Almost across the board, there is a strong positive correlation between age and the proportion of children using a device.

Interestingly, the most passive screen time experience (watching TV) plateaued from the ages of 3-4 years onwards.

Whereas more active, and potentially demanding devices (desktop computers/laptops and gaming consoles) increased at a steady rate with age.

Perhaps unsurprisingly, young people spend more time in front of screens than average. In fact, a recent study revealed that Gen Z spends around 9 hours per day looking at a screen - approximately 2 hours more than the US and global average.

Impact of Screen Time

Data from a survey of 2,000+ US adults revealed that less than half the time spent on screens is believed to be productive.

Furthermore, 41% admit to finding screen time management challenging.

And a concerning 21% feel guilty about how much time their children spend on screens.

Excessive screen time can have very real knock-on effects - especially in children.

Elementary-level school children who wrack up 2+ hours of screen time per day are more likely to suffer from social, emotional, and attentional issues.

On a more positive note, tens of studies have indicated that there is no significant correlation between screen time and academic performance.

However, a whole host of damaging side effects are linked with too much screen time, including:

Sleep deprivation - Blue light interferes with melatonin production and disrupts the body's circadian rhythm.

Obesity - Data shows a strong association between screen time and obesity in children aged 5 to 17, most likely due to the sedentary nature of viewing a screen.

Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes - In the UK, children aged between 9 and 10 who spend 3+ hours on the screen each day were more likely to show resistance to insulin

Delayed learning - Young children who watch excessive amounts of TV can experience difficulties picking up the language.

In the wider population, limiting social media use to a maximum of 30 minutes each day has been linked with reduced depression and improved well-being.

Sources: People, AIFS, Mayo Clinical Health System, The Journalist's Resource, Active Health, Quartz

Conclusion

Screens are inextricably linked with modern life. And the ways in which people spend their screen time are always evolving.

Whether the number of time people spend on screens increases, or sees a sudden reversal, remains to be seen.

If you enjoyed these stats, check out some of our other related content: 25 Startling Social Media Addiction Statistics, 20 Trending Social Media Startups, and Worldwide Daily Social Media Usage.

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Alarming Average Screen Time Statistics (2023)

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Global and US-based data on daily average screen time statistics, exploring regional and demographic differences.

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"Neurobehavioral outcomes in pediatric smartphone users: An observational study among a cohort of school-going children from a cantonment town of West Bengal." Is an academic study with mutiple authors Kulshrestha, G., Sinha, R., Gupta, R. K., Pan, T., & Suman, S. posted in 2025 and peer reveiwed.

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The time we spend on social media - DataReportal - Global Digital Insights

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A closer look at how much time the world spends using social media in 2024, with detailed stats by country, age, gender, and platform.

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Screen time and emotional problems in kids: A vicious circle?

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Children turn to screens to cope, which can lead to more problems, study says.

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study on screen time and negative psycological health

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study on screen time and negative psycological health

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national center for biotechnology information

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Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-being among children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study - PubMed

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Previous research on associations between screen time and psychological well-being among children and adolescents has been conflicting, leading some researchers to question the limits on screen time suggested by physician organizations. We examined a large ( n = 40,337) national random sample ...