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1600s - 1700s: Africans were kidnapped from Africa, and were forced into slavery in the American colonies,  exploited to work as indentured servants and labor in the production of crops such as tobacco and cotton. They were treated like commodities

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Physical Dehumanisation
overworking, shackling, whipping, beating, imprisonment, mutilation, branding, forced sexual relations and rape, stealing of personal belongings
Physiological Torment
Having to watch sometimes even administer their masters punishments to fellow slaves, having to watch spouses and children being sold and daughters and wives being raped.

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One of the first slave rebellions, and over the 246 years of slavery, there were many more slave rebellions to follow.

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This revolution kicked of the shart to abolishing slavery. Especially which the Spanish figured out that there was slavery --> Abolishing it was one of their want.

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All of these issues and problems that arose from the ways slaves were being treated, it made them feel like they weren't able to be their own person. They felt like they didn't belong and they always struggled to find a way to express themselves. They didn't have freedom of expression, however there was already a brewing of feelings and expression.

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Cause: Due to a disagreement between the North and South, over the moral issue of slavery.
Individuals who were part of this movement: Martin Luther King Jr and Rosa Parks were some of the many
Southern political leaders were resistant to the attempts that the Northern political leaders were trying to do due to their anti-slavery stance.

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This was a law that passed and abolished slavery + involuntary servitude except for a crime. Couples who were forbidden to get married or couples who weren't allowed to renew their vows went to courthouses. Many changed their names, used honorifics, took actions that freed them from their previous owners. However even with all of these, since they didn't receive the same rights politically, economically and culturally, they didn't consider their newfound life to be 'free'

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The Ku Klux Klan: secret society formed by confederate veterans to terrorize African American communities
Laws included (Prominent in Southern States):
- cannot vote
- cannot get a job
- cannot receive education
- cannot be guaranteed any opportunities
"Separate but equal"
Black prisoners > + harsher sentences than white prisoners

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Relocation and Migration of more that 6 million African Americans
Reasons:
1. job + education opportunities
2. escape racism + violence

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Symbol for hope + pride... Demand for equality + humanity

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The intellectual and cultural revival of African American music, dance, art, literature, fashion, theatre, and politics centered in Manhattan, Harlem and New York City.

If they had moved here it was due to having face some type of discrimination previously. People moved hoping for a better life. Francophone Africans and Caribbean individuals were also influenced by this movement

This was supported by some of the Whites as well showing that they might require 'VALIDATION' from the Whites even if they were accepting of them. They earned lots of money from their performances in nightclubs and more.

Literature: Langston Hughes, Claude Mckay
Arts: Aaron Douglas, Jacob Lawrence
Music: Louis Armstrong, Dizzy Gillespie

It was recognized through the plays that had been in the Theatre about Black people since it rejected the stereotypes. There were times of defiance but this was due to the cultural and social change.

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Severe worldwide economic depression that took place. 2 or 3 times greater unemployment rate for black people.. They were sometimes excluded from the soup kitchen

'Last hired, First Fired'

There was another divide in the social class. They thought they had this almost equal life, however after the depression, it didn't seem that way anymore.

One-fifth of all Americans receiving federal relief during the Great Depression were Black, most in the rural South

Farm and domestic work, two major sectors in which Black workers were employed, were not included in the 1935 Social Security Act, meaning there was no safety net in times of uncertainty.

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Mission: to end legalised racial discrimination, disenfranchisement and racial segregation.
After moving to other states up north
- Increased demand for low skilled jobs --> access to new jobs     --> increase in manufacture and construction.
This allowed for the rise in art + culture with the increased representation of the African American community especially during the Harlem Renaissance