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Include a picture of the building, name of building, years it took to build (ex. 1884-1892),  architect/artist (if known), location and the size of the structure.

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SHAPE: Visual character

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OPENINGS or ROOF AND ROOF FEATURES

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PROJECTIONS AND RECESSES or TRIM AND SECONDARY FEATURES

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MATERIALS FROM A DISTANCE or SETTING

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MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE OR
CRAFT DETAILS

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Which style, art movement of artists inspired the creation of this structure? For example, does the structure take from both Persian and Greek architecture styles? Which aspects?

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This is the Agora Lelystad, a theater located in Lelystad, Netherlands. It took 3 years to build (2002-2005)[1]. The entire building takes up an impressive 7,000 squared meters (in total it is 30,000 cubed meters). The building was designed by a group of architects led by Ben van Berkel.[2]

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As you can see, this building uses very kaleidoscopic shapes. When you look at it from different angles, it appears like an entirely different building. There are more sharp edges and angles than curves or flat walls, especially in the main theater room (which is pretty unusual). The colors used are very vibrant and monochromatic, as each room and the exterior uses one main color in different values.

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The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center. It took 5 years to build the The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Center
(2007-2012). Zaha Hadid was the architect.  Baku, Azerbaijan location of the building. The size of the whole structure is 57,500 m2.

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The Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre’s inner finish material also had to be shaped and fit onto a curved metal substructure, Here the panels are made of cold-bent two-layer fiber-reinforced mineral boards. Resin panels were used for the flooring.

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The roof as well as walls feature large (flat) windows, which are lined by steel beams. There is one large window on the roof of the building and several windows at an angle near the entrance. This theater's roof is made up of more than 10 panels, each slanted at a slightly different angle. This gives the building the appearance of a crystal, while helping the building survive Lelystad's significant rainfall. [2]

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The roof as I said before has a smooth and nice texture that makes an illusion  of a fluid that makes the building emerge into the landscape's natural topography.

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The building has a a huge window in front, you can see it clearly in the pictures above. Apart from that the buidling does have a gallery walk and conference rooms for important buissnes meetings

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We focused, for example, on easy-to-clean external cladding materials because of the heavy air pollution… There are oil refineries and such nearby, and the cladding is white. That's how glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) came up, which is dirt-repellent itself. In general, all building systems are chosen to have high durability and a long lifetime and low maintenance efforts.

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Zaha for her first winning award project decided with her own team that Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) and glass fiber reinforced concrete (GFRC) panels are the predominant materials used in the façade system. The panels are composed of various layers of fine-grain high-performance white cement concrete, reinforced with fiber glass mats, It's a very durable and resistive material which can be made very thin, only a few mm or cm, because there is no concrete cover needed, like for steel reinforcements.

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The architect was inspired By the Russian supermatist painter   Kazimir Malevich's abstract geometric.

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The Metro-pol Parasol, or Las Setas of Sevilla is   is a canopy-like walking space built above the city of Sevilla, Spain. Designed by  German architect Jurgen Mayer- Hernamm.  it took a total of 7 years to build between 2004 - 2011  and stands at 50 by 70 meters (490 by 230 ft) and an approximate height of 27 meters, which it tall enough to overlook the entire cities horizon.

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1) Marcus Fairs | 1 July 2014   7 comments. “Heydar Aliyev Center Was ‘an Incredibly Ambitious Project’ Says Hadid.” Dezeen, 10 May 2015, www.dezeen.com/2014/07/01/designs-of-the-year-2014-zaha-hadid-saffet-kaya-bekiroglu-interview-heydar-aliyev/.

2) “Zaha Hadid Paintings, Bio, Ideas.” The Art Story, www.theartstory.org/artist/hadid-zaha/.

3) “Zaha Hadid Heydar Aliyev.” Designboom, 20 Sept. 2013, www.designboom.com/architecture/zaha-hadid-heydar-aliyev-cultural-center-shapes-azerbaijan/.
Dispenza, Kristin. “Zaha Hadid's Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre: Turning a Vision into Reality.”

4) Buildipedia, buildipedia.com/aec-pros/from-the-job-site/zaha-hadids-heydar-aliyev-cultural-centre-turning-a-vision-into-reality.

5) Dispenza, Kristin. “Zaha Hadid's Heydar Aliyev Cultural Centre: Turning a Vision into Reality.” Buildipedia,

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The shape used by this construction can be broken into 2 section, first the technique of lateral crossing in the material that is simultaneously curved, this shape is used as the basis building, and how the building was constructed. this technique created this unique modernistic ambiance that can be seen from the exterior and interior. the second concept of shape used here is the physical appearance from a farther distance, this includes the mushroom like shape with smaller pillars forming a dome shape near the top that slightly curve inwards to create a barrier. in the image below i labeled and showed the areas of the two different shape ' concepts' i explained above. e

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the city of Seville is considered a historical area of Spain for its Iberian and roman history,
(editors of Britannica, 3) while it is quickly began
urbanizing since 2000 the construction of the metropol parasol is a very modernistic design, which based itself in the center of a historical market. this made it a very noticeable change to the city which in my opinion has made it a significant landmark for this part of Spain for its nontraditional appearance and references to futuristic and innovative designs.

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This construction is made out of timber and polyurethane which is used as a bond and protective layer (Shapiro, 1). it is one of the largest constructions to ever be built with primarily glue, and took an absorbent amount of effort for engineers to create since the environmental setting did not coincide with most glues max performance.

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the metropol parasol is an open top design with a walking path over it in a loop, with viewing areas.the top area also has partial roofing for shade in areas which curve over like a tunnel. simular to a butterfly  roof design but with a cover.  it uses open cross design on the edges of the roof which allow light to pass though but also providing shade when you approach  the building. making the metropols roof the most useful and purposeful area of the building.

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in the metropol parasol it is clearly visible recession on the building which creates a mushroom like shape that curves to small entrances as the bottom. in the image below ( Shapiro, 4) it shows how the recession of the lower levels of our construction create a mushroom or done shaped top.

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the craftsmanship exhibited in this construction is quite intense, even with the lack of detail in the complexity in the building. with the intricate shape design of cross lateral designs, complexity of roof layout with a walking path and dropping floors for shade, and using souly glue to connect everything in the building. it is understandable to see how the detail if the metropol parasol may be unconventional but thorough

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the metropol parasol was never meant to fit in with the city it was built in. with sevilles history just looking internal with Spains architecture history of many arches and intense attention to details and religious references ( Anvivios, 3). it does though use lattices which is very common in spanish architecture. but it does so in a way that pushed the limits of what is creativity and laws of phyisics. which makes this building be rejected from what design is suppose to be for traditional spanish standards.

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Shapiro, Gideon Fink. Architectmagazine.com, www.architectmagazine.com/technology/detail/metropol-parasol_o.

Frearson, Amy. “Metropol Parasol by J Mayer H.” Dezeen, 26 June 2015, www.dezeen.com/2011/04/26/metropol-parasol-by-j-mayer-h/.

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Sevilla.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., 20 Feb. 2019, www.britannica.com/place/Sevilla-Spain.

Anvivois , Maria. “Spanish Architecture Overview.” Spanish Art, www.spanish-art.org/spanish-architecture.html.

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Saint Basil's Cathedral was comissioned by grand prince of Moscow, Ivan The Terrible in the year 1552. The construction of the cathedral took almost ten years and was consectrated in the year 1562. Although all architects who designed the structure are thought to have been assasinated by the prince, in order to ensure the uniqueness of the structure, it is said that Postnik Yakovlev was the architect of this structure along side Ivan Barma. This building is located in Moscow, Russia standing at a height of 50m and taking up an area 65square meters. (2)

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Although the structure of the building is mostly built using geometric form, certain details shown on the decoration of this building can be described as organic shapes such as the swirls painted on the organic onion domes. The building alone is not a geometric form since it is built with various shapes and structures that complete its distinct form. (4)

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The Cathedral is built with one central tower surrounded by another eight smaller towers. Each of them stand bellow nine uniquely designed onion domes, decorated and thought to resemble flames. All towers are connected with linked passage ways and small roofs but the original domes are meant to be the focal point of this structure. The roof of this structure is what mainly characterises this building. At first, viewers will notice the buildings majestic flame-resmbling domes... But when taking a closer look, you can observe the precise and vivid patterns that make up this building.
(1)

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This house is called the Chalet Anzere(2). It took the span of a year to create (2015)(3), and is located in Switzerland. This house was created by a group of architects who go by the name/acronym seARCH(1). The size of the structure covers 500 m² (1) of area.

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From afar, we can observe the red brick used as the main construction material for this structure. It is clear that golden poles/golden layered poles stand tall above each of the domes and paint is used to decorate the domes /walls of the cathedral.The cathedrals setting enhances the building by prioritising the visibility of the structure above anything else. The cathedral is located at the centre of Red Square, one of the most important locations in Russia due to the presidential residency that stands just a small distance away from the cathedral.
(1)

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PROJECTIONS AND RECESSES or TRIM AND SECONDARY FEATURES

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PROJECTIONS AND RECESSES or TRIM AND SECONDARY FEATURES

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The trims around each window are always a bold white paint over the brick. This simple feature contributes to the precision of the design on the buildings exterior. Although sometimes patterns can be seen as all over the place, this building succeeds in that area demonstrating the power that precise yet vivid decoration can have on the impression of a buildings exterior. Since this building is mainly charactised by its impecible attentive detail, exterior wall pannels are found everywhere you look, arcades support parts of the towers adding a special touch to the buildings structure, cornices embellish every corner, turrets assemble the main construction,and  pediments model above the roofs.
(1)

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(1)

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Fallingwater house. It took 3 years to build Fallingwater (1936-1939). The architect was Frank Lloyd Wright. The building is in rural Pennsylvania, USA. The size of the estate of falling water is 70,819,987 m².

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The wonderful Cathedral of Brasilia, located in Brasilia, Brazil, is a sight to behold. Designed by the famous Oscar Niemeyer, its cornerstone was laid in 1958 (1). The main frame of the cathedral was completed two years later (1). 10 years later, in 1968, the cathedral was consecrated, albeit without a roof, and finally opened to the public in 1970 (1). The building is 40m high with a base measuring 60m in diameter. Furthermore, the nave is 70m in diameter (1).

Below is a picture of the exterior of the Cathedral.

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vamos otra vez con este projecto tedioso.JPG

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The view of the Chalet Anzere in all its glory.

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(1)Antoni Gaudí spent his entire career in Spain, Barcelona, where he built all of his projects including the most famous of which is the 1883 cathedral La Sagrada Familia, which is still under construction today.  (2)La Sagrada Familia is currently 170 meters tall, 90 meters long, has a width of 60 meters, a (nave) width of 45 meters, is in total 41,000 m² and has a capacity of 9,000 people.

La Sagrada Familia (13)

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The Burj Khalifa is the tallest building in the world. It took five years to build it.(2004-2009) It then opened in 2010. There are three architects that designed this building: Adrian Smith, Marshall Strabala and George J. Efstathiou. The Burj Khalifa is located in Dubai (U.A.E) and is 830 m to the tip.

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VIA 57 West is a building in Manhattan, New York, designed by the Bjarke Ingels Group, a group led by the designer Bjarke Ingels (1). The construction began in 2013 and it was completed in August 2016. This incredible structure, used for dwelling purposes, rises to 467 feet at its highest point and is 77,202 sqm (5).

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The openings in this house are varied and complex. The openings in this house appear to come from the 3 geometrically shaped windows, the garage opening below, and a variety of small windows at the front of the house. The figure comes across as a series of geometric shapes that create an intricate looking design that also comes across very clean and polished. Due to the fact that only two sides of the house have windows, and the other two sides are basic white walls. This brings in attention to the windows, wooden beams and the interior of the house. There are lights that appear at the front and back windows of the house, that not only illuminates the interior and wooden beams that bring warmth to the house, but also attracts the eye to two specific areas of the house: the front and back. (specifically the back of the house)

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The back of the house geometrically divided into different parts.

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the front of the house with multiple small windows.

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From far away, the outline of the house appears normal: with 2 basic walls and a gabled roof. Upon closer look however, it is possible to see that the architects created a complex looking geometric columns that divide the house up into separate pieces. It is possible to see up close that the walls become made up of the geometric shapes instead of the walls dividing a singular shape. There are three main shapes which are called to attention from looking at the back of the house. The first shape is the smallest, which sits at the 'bottom' part of the house and appears to prop up the house. This defies what people usually see in houses, and plays with the mind as if the small shape  was conquering gravity itself. Above the smallest shape are two irregular polygons creating the form of a classic house. This idea of using irregular shapes to create a shape that people are used to seeing makes for an interesting and intricate pice of architecture that becomes the main focal point of the house. From the side of the house(3), it is possible to see that parts of the house are carved into the mountain itself. This brings the home into a place very in touch with nature and the mountains.

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The house constructed into the mountain itself.

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The outlines of the different parts of the house.

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When looking from far away, it is hard to notice anything other than the abstract opening of the house. However, upon further investigation, I noticed that there are a series of balconies that become camouflaged into the house itself. According to the company Focus(1), that aided in the beautiful interior fireplace, "The three levels of the chalet have large terraces, which are connected by external stairways and offer a sensational view of the Dents Blanches peaks." Another interesting aspect of the house is how the garage connects through the mountain with an elevator to the house itself. In fact, according to the Cool Hunter Journal(2), "The garage, accessible from the lower road, is connected to all levels through an elevator that was carved into the mountain." This demonstrates the complexities that the architects had to overcome: from constructing an elevator within a mountain to making complex balcony design that appears slick and complex at the same time.

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The floors of the house including the elevator that goes through the mountain.

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The mountain and snow like setting contradicting the wooden exterior of the house brings in a cozy feature for the home. This house is built into the Alps in Switzerland(1), and has a beautiful view of the mountainside. Due to the fact that the house uses a is placed in a snowy setting, the house brings in warmth that the cold outside does not. This brings in more focus to the interior of the house itself, and the many lamp lights illuminating from the very large windows. The white roof and two white walls of the house accent the snow, and brings in even more attention to the warm interior of the house. Although the interior uses a lot of gray, the house does not seem any less warm. The grey tones offsets the coldness in the white outside, and the many wooden beams bring n a coziness that does not take away from the advanced and clean architecture within. Another interesting thing that appears with the setting of the house is the way that the house at times camouflages into the pristine scenery. The house appears to be a small cabin, but upon further viewing, it is possible to see that the house is built into the mountainside, with the top of the house appearing as a cabin-like place and a full garage coming out from the bottom of the mountain area. This allows the landscape not to be taken away by a building, but instead accentuating and adding onto the scenery. Since this house is built on a mountain(1), it gives a, "phenomenal view over the Dent Blanche Massif with 4000+ peaks of Matterhorn, Dent Blanche, Dufourspitze and Weisshorn." (3) This demonstrates how the scenery clearly correlates with this cabin-like design, and how the cabin itself becomes a part of the landscape itself.

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The house is located in the Swiss alps.

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The house views a series of mountains and beautiful scenery.

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THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE: MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE

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THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE: MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE

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it iThe interesting thing about this house is the fact that when looking at afar you expect the material to be similar to the exterior of the house, which is wood. That is not the case. The interior of the house is concrete, which I found very interesting, because expect such a "cool" aesthetic to emit from a house with a wooden exterior. Upon looking up why concrete was used in a home(5), I discovered that concrete is durable and lasts much longer than wood,  that it is fire resistant, that homes become quieter (harder to make a lot of noise), that it is less attractive to insects, it is better for the environment, and is very versatile. All these positive aspects and of a home with a concrete interior really demonstrate that the technology within the home is advanced and creates a place that is very easy to upkeep. The concrete interior has a long list of positive benefits, and does not take away from the cozy aesthetic because of the wooden exterior and the intricate fireplace.

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The interior of the house using concrete and a intricate fireplace, also showing the wooden exterior.

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Image 2 of 14 from gallery of Chalet Anzère / SeARCH. Photograph by Ossip van Duivenbode

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This structure was inspired by(1) the impressive Grand Chalet Balthus in Rossinière and its grand and wooden structure(4). This structure is also inspired by the traditional chalet (2), which is made up of a solid wooden house with shuttered windows and built on a stone foundation. Thins modern twist combines the grandness of the grand chalet, traditional chalet aspects; using a variety of new modern ideas to make the house much more interesting.

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This is the Grand Chalet, or the chalet that the house was inspired by.

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1)https://www.focus-fireplaces.com/architecture-fireplaces/exceptional-interiors/chalet-anzere

2)https://thecoolhunter.net/7778-2/

3)https://www.archdaily.com/785167/chalet-anzere-search

4)https://www.chateau-doex.ch/en/Z1852/grand-chalet-de-rossiniere

5) https://concretehomes.net.nz/why-concrete/

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Oscar Niemeyer designed the building in a way to make it stand out against the surrounding buildings. Most of the exterior is covered by sixteen concrete columns (each weighing 90 tons) with a unique shape. the columns give the building a kind of hourglass or hyperbolic shape, with the top resembling like a crown of thorns (1) or two hands pointing to the sky (2). Furthermore, the columns have hyperbolic sections (2).

Below is another picture of the Cathedral, notice the overall shape of the building and the columns. The "crown" of the building also stands out, surrounded by the columns and topped with the cross

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The building has a “Y” shape from above and is very tall. Its shape is very unusual and inspired by (1,2) a desert flower called the Hymenocallis.

It is very different from the neighboring ones. The ones surrounding it have usual, ordinary shapes when the Burj Khalifa has a very original and unusual one. The Burj Khalifa is the tallest building in the world. (3) It is narrow. It is very complicated since it is inspired by a flower. Flowers have very complex shapes since they are not squared and have no right angle. This inspiration made the construction of the building more difficult than for ordinary buildings. This is what makes the Burj Khalifa so original and unique along with its unimaginable height. The Burj Khalifa is a very modern building belonging in the style of biomimetic architecture. Biomimetic architecture is a way of constructing buildings inspired by nature.

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The windows on the Burj Khalifa are mainly squares aligned with each other. They are small surely because the building is so tall, the windows have to be safe and small enough to deprive a person of fitting through it. However, the building is filled with windows so that the people can fully enjoy the magnificent views inside the building. Since the tower has the shape of a flower (from above), the walls are rounded. The windows are squared and their surfaces are rounded as well. The entrance of the building is very large and modern. It is very proportionate to the building since the building is so tall. Putting a small entrance for this tower would not have made any sense.

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The building has the shape of a flower from above which means that the walls are in some edges of the building, rounded. The entire tower is covered with windows and bay windows. It’s the tower’s shape that defines its character. There is on the top of this massive skyscraper, (3) a two meter long antenna. There are a few balconies on the Burj Khalifa, especially high up so that people can enjoy looking at the views from outside. This building contains (4) hotels, galleries, a club (spa & gym) as well restaurants.

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The Burj Khalifa is made of (5) glass, concrete, steel, silicone, and aluminum. The outside facade of the tower is mainly glass which creates sun reflections throughout the day. Dubai is a city where there is sun almost the entire year. The sun makes the tower’s walls look very shiny which is very noteworthy when we see the building from a distance.

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Visual character at close range: Craft details

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Visual character at close range: Craft details

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The outside facade of the Burj Khalifa is mainly made of glass and contains almost 25 000 windows aligned with each other. (7) Since the walls had to be rounded in parts of the building, the squared windows were precisely cut and joined together at certain angles so that the tower would have the shape that the designers wanted it to have: the desert flower.

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The Burj Khalifa was not inspired by a particular art movement, but by nature. (1,2) The three designers of the building were inspired by a desert flower called the Hymenocallis. The shape of the tower from above has the shape of that flower. However, some parts of the interior are inspired by Middle Eastern culture. For instance, the sand dunes can be seen in the flooring, carpets and ceilings.(6) The Burj Khalifa belongs in the Neo-futurism and biometic architecture style. These styles of architecture are very recent and the Burj Khalifa is one of the first structures adapting to them. That is why, this building is itself an inspiration to other architects and designers.

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1)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/the-tower/design-construction/

2)https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-concept-behind-Burj-Khalifa

3)http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/burj-khalifa/3

4)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/

5)https://sites.google.com/site/burjkhalifatower/directory

6)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/stories/

7)https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/dubai/6936250/Burj-Khalifa-window-cleaners-to-spend-months-on-worlds-tallest-building.html

Photos:

1)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/assets/FACT-SHEET.pdf

2)https://www.google.com/search?q=burj+khalifa+design+from+above&rlz=1CAZJXP_enAR875&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj42NL3joHpAhWpHrkGHdMyA1wQ_AUoAXoECBQQAw&biw=1536&bih=746&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=WJhy8j3OjkiY7M

3)https://www.google.com/search?q=burj+khalifa+windows&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjB-8DLjoHpAhXqG7kGHV_sBAcQ2-cCegQIABAA&oq=burj+khalifa+win&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgBMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIAFC4wQJY2MMCYLDRAmgAcAB4AIABjAGIAcUCkgEDMS4ymAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWc&sclient=img&ei=SuKiXsGuKuq35OUP39iTOA&bih=746&biw=1536&rlz=1CAZJXP_enAR875&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=4_ZsosRv8dW77M

4)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RAoHwkxxan8

5)https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/the-tower/facts-figures/

6)https://www.alamy.com/details-of-burj-khalifa-highest-skyscraper-in-the-world-828-meter-image64820939.html

7)https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-concept-behind-Burj-Khalifa

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THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE and MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE OR CRAFT DETAILS

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THE VISUAL CHARACTER AT CLOSE RANGE and MATERIALS AT CLOSE RANGE OR CRAFT DETAILS

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Originally, the cathedral was painted white and the domes were made of tin, covered by a layer of gold. In the 1670's, the structure was rennovated and the white and gold design was replaced with the vivid patterns seen today. (2) The building is souly made of brick and layered colored tiles with occasional gold poles to add to the decoration of the building. The brick, textured with vertical grooves, is mostly observable at the bottom of the building since, as the building rises, the details have a more significant impact. The main construction material (brick) is kept clean and simple to enhance the colors and patterns. Although the pattern stand out from a distance, at close the ebullience of precise and detailed colors will suprise you. What most stood out to me was knowing the time in which the building was built yet seeing it as such a monumental and beautifully structured cathedral. Every detail was hand made yet the buildings clean and strong detail makes it look like it was built yesterday.

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(1)

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STYLE Which style, art movement of artists inspired the creation of this structure? 

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STYLE Which style, art movement of artists inspired the creation of this structure? 

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It was made sure with the assasination of its architects that the structural design of the cathedral is completely unique and without any known predecessors. However, it is said that its various towers all compacted to form one is a technique common during the Byzantine Empire. Furthermore, its colossal structure and attentive detail is said to be influenced from original muslim architecture. Although it may have been influenced by these cultures, the structure was originally built to represent the victorious battle of Kazan. Each dome is supposed to be a representation of each day  faced in this battle. In addition, the cathedral was designed to resemble an eight-pointed star, with each tower on one of eight compass points which is a common significant biblical symbol.(3)

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Traditional Byzantine Architecture
(3)

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1. “The Windows of St. Basil's Cathedral.” American Girls in Moscow, 1 Jan. 1970, www.americangirlsinmoscow.blogspot.com/2008/04/windows-of-st-basils-cathedral.html.

2. “St. Basil's Cathedral, Moscow, Russia - Russia Travel Guide.” Travel All Russia, 20 Apr. 2020, www.travelallrussia.com/st-basil-moscow.

3. “The Roof Construction and History of St Basils Cathedral.” Kidd Roofing | Austin, 24 Mar. 2016, www.kiddroof.com/roof-construction-st-basils-cathedral/.

4. Art notebook

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This building also uses many projections. One example is the overhang of the foyer. The purpose of this foyer is to connect the building, but also to give people the experience of both the artist and the audience. Above the entrance there is the "Artist's Foyer" which allows people inside to view people coming in through an angled window.

Another projection in this building could be the exterior walls themselves (as well as the walls of the main theater), because they are angled in jagged points portruding from the main building space. One of these jagged projections forms a large horseshoe mezzanine in the main theater.

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The building site was opening in 2007, and it was completed by the end of 2012. This winery was designed by Marco Casamonti, a famous Italian architect who is co-founder of the Archea Associati architectural firm. It is located in the Chianti Classico region in Bargino Italy. The building has a total of 50,000 square meters.

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Fallingwater is built using geometric shapes and can be seen as rigid, as multiple parts of the house are uneven and unsymmetrical. Although fallingwater stands high up it's interior with low ceilings and natural materials portrays Frank Lloyd's vision, that the house is as peaceful as the nature around it. (1) Fallingwater is composed of flat and quadrilateral shapes as there are no curves to the building, giving the home it's rigid yet comforting feel.

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Archea Associati, Archea Cantina Antinori, wp content, Archute, Archute, 2017, October 16. 2018, MG_7515-1.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/MG_7515-1.jpg

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This building’s structure is very modern and minimalistic, yet abstract and unique. Being built into the hillside, it experiments with a geomorphological style; it’s terracotta colored, long and slithering shape almost invisible as it smoothly splits the landscape of the vineyard horizontally, like a one-step curved stair, fusing with its purpose through architecture. It is unlike any of the other evident, Italian-villa-style buildings around. It has a long, wavy, dramatic access for cars —kind of like a short, wide, and flat truncated spiral— that runs parallel to the building, complementing it’s wavy style. The use of circular forms for the structure’s details are intended to resonate with the round shapes of the glasses, bottles, and barrels of wine as a way to express architectural symbolism. This winery has an altimetrical set-up, meaning it has various levels along its two main storeys, each one located and designed purposely for the specific requirements of the area it holds. This set-up follows both the grapes’ process of production that is laid out in a descending manner, conveying the illusion of a gravitational pull, and the ascending path visitors take when they come in through the parking lot. The building has several circular openings, one with a truncated spiral staircase that shrinks again at the top, that connects the lowest level with the upper terrace. This elaborate staircase not only enhances the building with a touch of glamour and more waviness, but also adds some intricacy to the wide walkway in front of the modern, minimalist side of the outside levels, that are lined with a long, flat wall of glass windows, directly revealing the inside areas.

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#1: Archea Associati, Content of Archea Cantina Antinori, Archute, Archute, October 16. 2018, BwT4UUtCQAAMGWU.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/BwT4UUtCQAAMGWU.jpg

#2: Pietro Savorelli, building blended into landscape, Archute, October 16. 2017, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ARCHEA_CANTINA_ANTINORI_004_PS-1.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 14.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_14.jpg

#4: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 1.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_1.jpg

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Gami, Mitz. “A View of VIA 57 West, New York City.” Flickr, SmugMug, 26 June 2016, www.flickr.com/photos/mitzgami/28109210315.

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Roof and Roof Features: The roof of this structure is precisely what gives it its geomorphological style; it is what fulfills the building’s thematic and architectural goal of blending in and camouflaging with the vineyard landscape and thus it is barely visible. The roof extends horizontally in the hill’s natural, barely steep slope, and is completely coated in farmland, with the exception of several circular glass-window openings, that allow natural daylight to illuminate the otherwise dark interior of the building. It is as if the hill naturally covered the structure, so the shape and slope of the roof blend in just as naturally as the farmland it is made out of.

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https://www.timeout.com/newyork/art/best-architects-of-all-time-ranked (1)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sagrada_Fam%C3%ADlia (2)

https://www.google.com/search?q=What+style+of+architecture+is+the+Sagrada+Familia%3F&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjn7OGD8fzoAhXaH7kGHcD8AhcQzmd6BAgPEBw&biw=1280&bih=578 (3)

https://theculturetrip.com/europe/spain/articles/15-amazing-facts-you-need-to-know-about-la-sagrada-familia/ (4)

http://www.gaudiallgaudi.com/AA012El+cons.htm (5)

http://www.gaudiallgaudi.com/AA012El+cons.htm (6)

https://study.com/academy/lesson/la-sagrada-familia-location-fa-ade-interior.html (7 entrances)

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Sagrada_Familia (form)

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#1: Pietro Savorelli, building blended into landscape, Archute, October 16. 2017, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ARCHEA_CANTINA_ANTINORI_004_PS-1.jpg

#2: Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 7sqa.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_7sqa.jpg

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This building does not really blend in or interact with its environment- in fact, it's the opposite. Lelystad is a relativel small city, with a population of less than 80,000. However, the interesting thing about this building and the town it is in is that it is part of a masterplan to "reinvent" the town. This plan by Adriaan Geuze includes tranforming the "old" city into a hotspot of modern, colorful, exciting architecture in order to give the city a youthful feel [3].

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Most of the roof of fallingwater is open and can be used as extended balconies. Which adds to Frank Lloyd's inspiration that we should be more open and at peace with nature. This is the main feature of the multiple roofs as the building is layered therefore having multiple open rooftops.

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With the Cathedral's hyperbolic structure, the roof appears to be raised towards the sky (2). Composed of colorful glass plates (30 meter triangles)(1), the Cathedral's roof swirls with different shades of blue, white, and brown (3). These triangles were designed and pieced to fit between the columns precisely, measuring 30m high and 10m across (3). Inside, three angels (sculptures) are suspended in mid-air by steel cables. Ranging in size from 2.22 to 4.25m long and weighing 100-300kg each, they were built by Alfredo Ceschiatti and Dante Croce in 1970 (3).

This image shows the interior of the Cathedral and the patterns on the roof.

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In the modern, minimalist side of the building’s outside levels there is a giant, elongated, canopy roof that runs along the second level above ground, with the thick terracotta roof that holds the farmland on top over it, and a small part of the first outside level’s wide walkway under it. Along with the floor between them, it separates the outside levels’ flat wall of glass windows that directly reveal the inside areas. The building’s altimetrical set-up creates several voids where the various stacked levels of the two main stories are evident. These empty spaces give the building its spacious style, and create ideal places to, for instance, place the giant truncated spiral staircase.

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#1: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 14.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_14.jpg

#2: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 6.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_6.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 1.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_1.jpg

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This Winery is located in the hills of the Chianti Classico region in Bargino Italy. The visual character of the building is centered on the way it is constructed into the vineyard hill landscape, which is also an essential aspect of its setting: it is what architecturally unites the economical, functional and cultural relationship the wine business holds with the landscape. Since this is the meaningful goal of the building, it’s interior aspects are built according to the site as well. For instance, the bodegas where the wine is stored are specially located in relation to earth so that they get naturally insulated and maintain a guaranteed ideal temperature for the maturing wine process. The restaurant is also intentionally built in the uppermost level of the structure, not camouflaged like the rest of its parts, as its function is to give visitors a panoramic view of the whole vineyard. The curvy cars’ access road is another exemple, as it is built according to the hill’s slope, accentuating the elevation of the land. Finally, the ascending path visitors take through the building from the parking lot is designed to match the elevated hill setting of the winery. Every little aspect of this winery always reflects on the characteristics of the landscape it is built on, and for this reason the grape vine setting plays an essential role in its meaningful and architectural character.

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#1: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 11.jpg,  static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_11.jpg

#2:  Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 9.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_9.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 12.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_12.jpg

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As this building’s objective is to merge with earth in every way possible, it uses materials whose composition, color, and texture do just that. It is fully constructed with local materials, including the farmland. The use of the predominant terracotta material all around the inside and outside of the structure contributes to the bonding character it holds with the land, as well as the respectful and sustainable relationship it aspires to have with nature. Other types of unglazed, clay-based blocks and wood are also used, like the bricks that cover every inch of the under-ground wine cellars. To enhance the otherwise purely natural aspects, other more industrial materials such as weathered steel and glass are wisley incorporated, in juxtaposition, to give the building it’s modern and industrial character. Even though the earthly and modern are contrasting materials, they balance out in an even combination and distribution all around the winery. For instance, the clay-based walls all have a smooth finish that matches the neat finish industrial materials always have, and all the metal railings are painted in the same terracotta color as the real terracotta clay. Another example can specifically be seen in the modern, glass-walled, cubic conference room incorporated into one of the brick-lined walls of the underground wine cellars. This structure’s materialistic composition literally defines the winery: an industry based on the harvest of grape vines.

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#1: Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 2sq.jpg, https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_2sq.jpg

#2: Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 3jpg, https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_3.jpg

#3: Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 8.jpg,  https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_8.jpg

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Considering this structure was made between 2007-2012, it meets the standards for contemporary architecture: 21st century architecture that widely varies in styles and greatly resembles sculpture. This structure was profoundly inspired in the biophilic architectural style, which consists of building structures that look to be connected with nature through their structural components, such as having natural ventilation, natural lighting, and other environmentally friendly characteristics that create a sustainable environment for people. These aspects can be seen in the winery’s use of local materials, it's landscape roofing, and its naturally insulated wine cellars. Besides this, a modern architectural style, —which consists of innovative construction technologies that embrace minimalism, goes by the methodology that form follows function, and uses materials like steel, glass, and reinforced concrete— can be seen in the incorporation of glass openings and walls, steel railings, the spiral staircase, and the neat, minimalistic construction finishes.

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#1. Pietro Savorelli, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 14.jpg, static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_14.jpg

#2. Archea Associati, Content of Archea Cantina Antinori, Archute, Archute, 2017, October 16. 2018, jpg.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Antinori_Winery_-_www.tstyledme.com_wp-content_uploads_2013_06_Rinuccio-1180-restaurant-winery-architecture.jpg.jpg

#3. Pietro Savorelli, Archea Cantina Antinori, Archute, Archute, October 16. 2017, 004_PS-1.jpg, www.archute.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/ARCHEA_CANTINA_ANTINORI_004_PS-1.jpg

#4. Leonardo Finotti, Antorini Winery by Archea Associati, Dezeen, Dezeen, May 4. 2013, 3jpg, https://static.dezeen.com/uploads/2013/05/Dezeen_Antinori-Winery-by-ARCHEA-ASSOCIATI_3.jpg

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Boiling, Chris. “18.” World's Best Vineyards, William Reed Business Media Ltd, 8 July 2019, www.worldsbestvineyards.com/antinori-nel-chianti-classico/.

“Contemporary Architecture.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Apr. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_architecture.

“Seven Principles of Biophilic Design.” SageGlass, Saint-Gobain, 16 Aug. 2016, www.sageglass.com/en/article/seven-principles-biophilic-design.

Frearson, Amy. “Antinori Winery by Archea Associati.” Dezeen, Dezeen, 12 Mar. 2016, www.dezeen.com/2013/05/04/antinori-winery-by-archea-associati/.

“Modern Architecture.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Apr. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_architecture.

Nyawara, Brenda. “Antinori Winery: An Exemplary Merge of Architecture, Landscape and Class by Archea Associati.” Archute, Archute, 16 Oct. 2017, www.archute.com/antinori-winery-exemplary-merge-architecture-landscape-class-archea-associati/.

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This building uses modern architecture. The town of Lelystad itself was founded in 1967, so was heavily influenced by the modern art movement. This building reflects this art movement because of its lack of decorations, geometretical shapes, floor to ceiling windows, and generally open interior. The building kind of has a feel of minimalism because the structure appears simple and geometrical, and the building uses monochrome colors to attract attention instead.[4]

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The VIA 57 West has a breath-taking shape that makes up its architectural identity and distinguishes it from the geometrical,  traditional Manhattan high-rises that surround it. For starters, there is a hole in the middle of the structure, which is a courtyard for the tenants. Also, the building has a roof that slopes downwards, by one corner of the building going up to a peak of 467 feet, towards the Hudson River in front of it (5). These two factors allow the building's shape to change depending on the perspective. From the West-Side-Heighway, the building appears to be a pyramid while from West 58th street, it appears to be a dramatic, glass spire (4). This difference in perspective is shown in the following image of the building:

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Clay, David. “Pyramidal Luxury Apparatus on the Hudson River, Manhattan.” Wikimedia Commons, MediaWiki, 3 Sept. 2018, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VIA_57_West,_Bjarke_Ingels_Group.jpg

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The Cathedral also has a bell tower, with four bells that were donated by Spain (3). Additionally, as you enter, you can see a marble pillar with pictures of passages of the life of the Virgin Mary, painted by Athos Bulcao (3).  Upon the top of the Cathedral stands a cross. Outside stand four bronze statues, known as the Four Evangelists. Niemeyer and Lucio Costa combined modern curved lines and Brazilian baroque in their techniques and materials.

The image below shows the unique bell tower outside the Cathedral. With the shape of a T, the four bells stand next to each other.