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Friedrich Miescher started by investigating Leukocytes, a cell with unusual protein properties. He compared the composition of DNA to these proteins and pointed out the distinct differences.
His work is important because he discovered a combination of protein, DNA, RNA near the nucleus and named it Nuclien . During Miescher´s lifetime no one discovered the use of Nuclein and Miescher guess was that it stored Phosphorous atoms.

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Rosalind Franklin  had to use x-ray techniques to study the structure of DNA.  She also made contributions to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal, and graphite.
Her work is important because in 1952 she obtained photo 51, the most famous x-ray image of DNA.

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Watson and Crick discovered the double helix, the twisted-ladder structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Their work is important because they discovered with the big help of Rosalind Franklin that the DNA molecule assumes the structure of a double helix. This was important because now people could understand how it grows and could begin to grow DNA molecules themselves.

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DNA is made up of molecules called nucleotides. The four types of nitrogen bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) and cytosine (C).

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The nucleotides of DNA are the four bases cytosine (C),thymine (T), adenine (A), guanine (G).
The 3 parts of nucleotides are  Nitrogenous Base, Pentose Sugar, and the Phosphate Group.

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The nucleotides are paired with A with T and G with C which they stand for adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine. They are paired together because it is a unit consisting of two nucleobases bound to each other by hydrogen bonds. Also it allows the DNA helix to maintain a regular structure that is dependent on its nucleotide sequence.