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Passionate Belief in Liberty and Equality

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Re-discovery of Folk Culture

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The British East India Co. ruled the entire Indian subcontinent, and black slave labor in the West Indies generated great wealth for British planation owners

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Governmental response to the Industrial Revolution

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Governmental response to the Industrial Revolution

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The results were inadequate wages, long hours of work under harsh discipline in sordid conditions

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The population polarized into two classes of capital labor, the large owner or trader and the possessionless wage-worker, the rich and the poor

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Resulted from the invention of power-driven machinery replacing hand labor

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In response to the French Revolution, the English government prohibited public meetings, suspended habeas corpus and advocates of even moderate political change were charged with high treason

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It was a turbulent time period, when England changed from a primarily agricultural society to a modern industrial nation

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There was a great belief in democratic ideals, concern for human liberty, & a great outcry against various forms of tyranny

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There was also great interest in unusual modes of experience, such as visionary states of consciousness, hypnotism, dreams, drug induced states

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Humble, rustic subject matter & plain style became the principal subject and medium of poetry

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Landscape was often given human qualities or seen as a system of symbols revealing the nature of God

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Importance of accurate observation & description of wild nature, which serves as a stimulus to thinking & to the resolution of personal problems

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The essence of poetry was the mind, emotions, & imagination of the poet (not the outer world)

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Poetry was seen as the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings";

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In spite of the above, the cause of women's rights were largely ignored

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Women of all classes were regarded as inferior to men, were undereducated, had limited vocational opportunities, were subject to a strict code of sexual behavior and had almost no legal rights

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Consequences were low wages, horrible working conditions, large-scale employment of women & children in brutally hard occupations (such as coal mining)

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American & French revolutions were hugely important elements of the political landscape

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Threats to existing social structure were being posed by new revolutionary ideas