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Il 30 gennaio 2016 negli USA è stata lanciata una massiva campagna di alfabetizzazione informatica che passa attraverso le scuole e che si chiama "Computer Science For All" (La Scienza Informatica per tutti)

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In the coming years, we should build on that progress, by ... offering every student the hands-on computer science and math classes that make them job-ready on day one.

President Obama in his 2016 State of the Union Address

THE NEED | STUDENTS | EDUCATORS | COMMUNITIES | COMMITMENTS | ENGAGE

CS For All

Computer Science for All is the President's bold new initiative to empower all American students from kindergarten through high school to learn computer science and be equipped with the computational thinking skills they need to be creators in the digital economy, not just consumers, and to be active citizens in our technology-driven world. Our economy is rapidly shifting, and both educators and business leaders are increasingly recognizing that computer science (CS) is a "new basic" skill necessary for economic opportunity and social mobility.

An Investment in Knowledge Pays the Best Interest

CS for All builds on efforts already being led by parents, teachers, school districts, states, and private sector leaders from across the country.

The President's initiative calls for:

$4 billion in funding for states and $100 million directly for school districts in his forthcoming Budget to expand K-12 CS by training teachers, expanding access to high-quality instructional materials, and building effective regional partnerships.

$135 million in Computer Science funding to become available starting this year from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Corporation for National And Community Service (CNCS)

Expanding access to prior NSF supported programs and professional learning communities through their CS10k Initiative that led to the creation of more inclusive and accessible CS curriculum including Exploring CS and Advanced Placement (AP) CS Principles among others.

Involving even more governors, mayors, and education leaders to help boost CS following the leadership of states like Delaware, Hawaii, Washington, Arkansas, and more than 30 school districts that have already begun to expand CS opportunities.

Engaging CEOs, philanthropists, creative media, technology, and education professionals to deepen their CS commitments. More than 50 organizations are making commitments, learn more and get involved and make a commitment here.

The Need for CS For All

Last year, there were more than 600,000 high-paying tech jobs across the United States that were unfilled, and by 2018, 51 percent of all STEM jobs are projected to be in computer science-related fields. Computer science and data science are not only important for the tech sector, but for so many industries, including transportation, healthcare, education, and financial services.

Parents increasingly recognize this need - more than nine of 10 parents surveyed say they want computer science taught at their child's school. However, by some estimates, just one quarter of all the K-12 schools in the United States offer high-quality computer science with programming and coding and 22 states still do not allow it to count towards high school graduation, even as other advanced economies are making it available for all students.

Wide disparities exist even for those who do have access to these courses. In addition to course access challenge, media portrayals, classroom curriculum materials, unconscious bias and widely-held stereotypes exacerbate the problem and discourage many of our students from taking these courses. For example, in 2015, only 22 percent of students taking the AP Computer Science exam were girls, and only 13 percent were African-American or Latino students. These statistics mirror the current makeup of some of America's largest and more innovative tech firms in which women compose less than one-third of their technical employees, and African-Americans less than 3 percent. We can do better!

Tech careers are exciting, fun, high-impact, and collaborative as well as being critical for our economy. We want all Americans to have the opportunity to be part of these teams. CS For All will help make that a reality and ensure every student has access to Computer Science in their classrooms at all levels.

CS for Students

When it comes to computer science, we can all be students and President Obama led the way as our CS Student Coder-in-Chief when he became the first President to write a line of code himself. His first line of code was moveForward<100> and that's what CS for All is all about: moving forward together. Who taught him to code? A middle-school student named Adrianna from Newark, New Jersey, who took a computer science course at her school.

If the President can start learning computer science, so can you! We know you need the basic tools to make it possible, including teachers, infrastructure, and Wi-Fi. Thanks to the President's ConnectED initiative, we're well on our way making that happen, closing the connectivity divide by in schools by over half - empowering 20 million more students with high-speed broadband, and enlisting over 2,000 school districts in the cause. And in order to make sure youth have pathways into the workforce and that adults have access to these skills, the President launched TechHire, which has expanded into 35 cities, states, and rural areas.

Student Spotlights

Grace Clark is a sophomore at International High School in New Orleans, Louisiana and interns with Operation Spark, which offers free technology training and coding courses to young people in New Orleans. Grace worked with the New Orleans Police Department on a policing data event where she taught New Orleans Police Chief Michael Harrison to write his first line of code. She also teaches coding to children at Arthur Ashe Elementary and attended the 2014 Essence Festival to represent inner city youth in coding and technology.

Christina Li is a senior at Adlai E. Stevenson High School in Macomb, Michigan She is the Vice President of Controls for her FIRST robotics team, the ThunderChickens. Christina also created Hello World, a week-long computer science day camp for 30 middle school girls to learn how to code robots, apps, websites, and games in the hopes of reducing the gender gap in computer science.

Angelica Willis is a computer science student at North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University in Greensboro, North Carolina. She used her computer science skills to help NASA develop ecological forecasting models using satellites to support reforestation in Rwanda. She now spearheads an initiative to develop an entrepreneurship, design, and CS-centered Maker Space for at-risk youth and underrepresented communities in Greensboro.

See all the White House Computer Science Champions of Change here.

CS for Educators

The field of computer science education has come a long way in just a few years. With support from NSF, new high school courses like Exploring Computer Science and AP Principles of Computer Science have been designed to be more inclusive and accessible to all students and other courses and programs are designed for early elementary schools. NSF also funded a middle school and freshman focused course called "Bootstrap" and a wide-range of curriculums have emerged to teach computer science and computational thinking in elementary, middle, and high school.

Because CS is an active and applied field of Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) learning that allows students to engage in hands-on, real-world interaction with key math, science, and engineering principles, it gives students opportunities to be creators - not just consumers - in the digital economy, and to be active citizens in our technology-driven world. CS can also help foster computational thinking skills that are relevant to many disciplines and careers, such as breaking a large problem into smaller ones, recognizing how new problems relate to problems already solved, setting aside details of a problem that are less important, and identifying and refining the steps needed to reach a solution. CS also complements the President's Nation of Makers initiative, which focuses on the growing democratization of the hardware and software tools needed to design and make just about anything.

As a teacher, school leader, or superintendent, you can help expand CS for All in many different ways. For example you can:

Access the CNCS AmeriCorps Computer Science program to develop your own CS skills.

Join the CS Teacher Institutes or the 21st Learners and Coders programs offered by the US Department of Education

Engage with professional learning communities like 100kin10 to find resources and colleagues, including those who have created computer science and computational thinking experiences within many K-12 subjects.

Apply for NSF funding or partner with researchers to expand quality CS offerings.

Participate with the Future Ready Schools initiative to help transition your district to next generation thinking, including active hands-on learning approaches.

Start an afterschool CS club, robotics program, maker space, or science fair.

Learn more about the President's ConnectED initiative and the private sector commitments to increase connectivity.

Teacher Spotlight:

Andrea Chaves is a Spanish and computer science teacher and creative director at the Young Women's Leadership School in Astoria, New York where she has integrated digital education and coding into all of her classes, including Spanish. Andrea also leads a group of students known as the "Tech Crew," composed of filmmakers, graphic designers, coders, website designers, and project managers. Under Andrea's guidance, these young women collaborate to solve problems around school like teaching students about recycling through coding educational video games.

James Forde is a 7th grade science teacher at Cloonan Middle School in Stamford, Connecticut. Jim was the Stamford Public Schools' Teacher of the Year. He has planed a city wide STEM festival, providing STEM professional development, and curates the popular STEM Education Twitter handle @stemnetwork. He also sponsors the Computer Coding Club and a 3D printing club at Cloonan Middle School.

Andreas Stefik, Ph.D. is an assistant professor of computer science at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. For the last decade, he has been creating technologies that make it easier for people, including those with disabilities, to write computer software. With grants from NSF, he established the first national educational infrastructure for blind or visually impaired students to learn computer science. He is the inventor of Quorum, the first evidence-oriented programming language.

See all the White House Computer Science Champions of Change here.

CS For Communities and Policy Makers

States and cities have been leaders in the movement to expand CS education. In 2014, responding to the President's call to action, more than 60 school districts committed to give more of their students an opportunity to learn CS. In just the past year, both Republican and Democratic state leaders have championed ambitious CS efforts, and New York City announced an aggressive 10-year plan to expand CS opportunities to all one-million of its students. Today, leaders at the state and local levels are announcing new and expanded commitments to expand CS, including:

The State of Delaware is expanding CS education to 13 additional high schools, and launching an online CS course for all students.

The Hawaii State Department of Education's will expand its efforts to integrate CS throughout K-12.

More than 30 K-12 public school districts, representing more than one million students, are committing to expand CS education.

Broward County Public Schools,the nation's sixth largest public school system, is announcing a goal for every student to have some exposure to CS while in school.

Make a commitment

Community Spotlight: Chattanooga, Tennessee

The Chattanooga community has worked together to create an ecosystem for youth to learn computer science skills to be prepared for future technology-infused industries. Cordell Carter is the Chief Executive Officer of TechTown Foundation, Inc., a next-generation learning center that offers programs for children of all skill levels from ages 7 to 17. TechTown's approach aims to give youth hands-on learn-it-by-doing-it experience, allowing kids to discover, learn, and explore the limitless possibilities of their imaginations.

Policymaker Spotlights:

Jane Margolis is a researcher at the University of California, Los Angeles, where she investigates why few women and students of color have learned computer science. She and her collaborators, with support from the National Science Foundation, created Exploring Computer Science, a high school curriculum and teacher professional development program committed to reaching all students, especially those in underserved communities and schools, which now exists across the nation, including in seven of the largest school districts.

Karen North is a retired computer science and math teacher from Houston, Texas and has advocated for Computer Science education since 1985. She has fought to keep computer science certification for teachers and played an integral part in increasing programming and computational thinking in the K-8 Texas math standards. She now serves as a Code.org affiliate and a Code Buddy for Spring Branch Independent School District.

A growing list of K-12 district leaders are committing to support the President's vision of expanded computer science curricula for K-12 students. See the full list.

Commitments to Expand CS for All

Dozens of private sector partners and nonprofit organizations as well as state and local governments have stepped up to support CS for All, below are just a few of those commitments. See the full list here.

State and Local Action

Today's announcements build upon bipartisan progress in states like Washington and Arkansas. Both states have announced ambitious computer science education efforts and passed legislation to make computer science count towards high school graduation. Similarly, cities like New York, Chicago, and San Francisco have already announced major expansions of computer science education.

Local leaders are using computer science to solve many of our most intractable local challenges and opportunities: Check out the Smart Cities Initiative, Police Data Initiative, TechHire, and more.

Involving our young people in real problems they can help solve in their own communities is a best practice in education and is exciting for our youth. Next Generation High Schools ) typically have significant computer science opportunities for American youth that pull them in as partners in solving challenges and engaging in their future. Seattle leadership hosted "Hack-the-Commute" involving community members from across the city. New Orleans is engaging youth and others in their open data initiatives as part of their work on the Police Data Initiative with 25 other cities. Denver libraries are hosting teen-developer camps. Let's do more of this youth engagement as part of their learning experience!

Private Sector Action

Businesses and philanthropies have also played a major role in building a movement to expand CS nationally.

Apple is committing to expand coding opportunities for children with continued investment in training workshops and curriculum development.

Cartoon Network will launch a $30 million campaign to engage young people in creative coding.

Facebook will expand its outreach to parents, guardians, and learners in communities that are under-represented in the technology sector, and connect them to the resources to get started on how to code.

Microsoft is announcing its campaign to have all states adopt "Make CS Count" policies and invest in CS education as a complement to existing $75 million initiative to support CS education

Salesforce.org is announcing its plan to invest $13 million in 2016 to support CS and STEM education.

Qualcomm will collaborate with Virginia Tech to create a Thinkabit Lab - part Maker Space, lab, and classroom - on its campus, with the goal of supporting computer science education for middle school students in the region.

Code.org is committing to give computer science instruction workshops and other supports for 25,000 additional teachers this year.

How You Can Engage

You can support the President's announcement on social media using the hashtag #CSforAll.

Post photos of you, your class, your family, your workplace, or your community learning to code.

If you are a professional coder or techie share how you got into the field and thank those people who helped you get where you are today.

If you are a teacher or other leader who has solutions for learning that are already working - like our amazing Computer Science Education Champions of Change - tell us about those innovations so others can adopt them and build on your success.

Share your stories about computer science heroes past and present - help our youth see the impact of the range of things computer science is a part of - from the digital contributions in mapping the human genome, to helping Americans get to the moon and back, to coding beats for great American music, to finding cancer cures and precision medicine solutions, to using data science for justice and equality.

Help expand CS in your community by submitting your commitment today.

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In the coming years, we should build on that progress, by ... offering every student the hands-on computer science and math classes that make them job-ready on day one.

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Per caratterizzare sinteticamente il rilevante contributo culturale apportato dall’Informatica alla comprensione della società contemporanea, la scienziata informatica Jeannette Wing nel 2006 introdusse l’espressione “pensiero computazionale ” (vedi l’articolo originale – in inglese).

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Cos'è il pensiero computazionale

Per caratterizzare sinteticamente il rilevante contributo culturale apportato dall'Informatica alla comprensione della società contemporanea, la scienziata informatica Jeannette Wing nel 2006 introdusse l'espressione "pensiero computazionale " (vedi l' articolo originale - in inglese).

Prima di fornire qualche spiegazione su cosa si intenda con questa espressione, vi invitiamo a guardare il seguente spezzone video, tratto dal film "Apollo 13".

L'essenza del concetto, esemplificata magistralmente dal video, è che con il pensiero computazionale si definiscono procedure che vengono poi attuate da un esecutore ( agente ), che opera in modo "meccanico" e "inconsapevole" nell'ambito di un contesto prefissato, per raggiungere degli obiettivi assegnati.

Il pensiero computazionale - il modo di pensare sviluppato da parte di chi ha studiato e praticato informatica - può essere definito come l'insieme dei processi mentali usati per modellare una situazione e specificare i modi mediante i quali un agente elaboratore di informazioni può operare in modo effettivo all'interno della situazione stessa per raggiungere uno o più obiettivi forniti dall'esterno.

È importante ribadire che l'agente esegue istruzioni (di cui però non conosce il significato), per elaborare dati (di cui però non conosce il significato). In tal modo un'elaborazione "meccanica" e "inconsapevole" riesce a replicare funzioni cognitive "umane". Questa è una vera e propria rivoluzione.

Potete trovare in questo articolo una discussione più dettagliata su cosa si intenda con il termine "pensiero computazionale" e come vada usato. Si noti che il pensiero computazionale non considera la semplice "risoluzione di problemi" ma il "far risolvere i problemi ad un esecutore". È questa la novità concettuale che rende l'informatica - termine che indica l'elaborazione automatica delle informazioni - una scienza nuova e distinta dalla matematica, che ha risolto problemi per millenni.

I metodi caratteristici e gli strumenti intellettuali che si acquisiscono con lo studio dell'informatica hanno un valore concettuale generale che inducono a ritenere utile per tutti gli studenti lo sviluppo del pensiero computazionale.

I metodi caratteristici includono:

analizzare e organizzare i dati del problema in base a criteri logici;

rappresentare i dati del problema tramite opportune astrazioni;

formulare il problema in un formato che ci permette di usare un "esecutore" (nel senso più ampio del termine, ovvero una macchina, un essere umano, o una rete di umani e macchine) per risolverlo;

automatizzare la risoluzione del problema definendo una soluzione algoritmica, consistente in una sequenza accuratamente descritta di passi, ognuno dei quali appartenente ad un catalogo ben definito di operazioni di base;

identificare, analizzare, implementare e verificare le possibili soluzioni con un'efficace ed efficiente combinazione di passi e risorse (avendo come obiettivo la ricerca della soluzione migliore secondo tali criteri);

generalizzare il processo di risoluzione del problema per poterlo trasferire ad un ampio spettro di altri problemi.

Gli strumenti intellettuali includono:

confidenza nel trattare la complessità (dal momento che i sistemi software raggiungono normalmente un grado di complessità superiore a quello che viene abitualmente trattato in altri campi dell'ingegneria);

perseveranza nel lavorare con problemi difficili;

tolleranza all'ambiguità (da riconciliare con il necessario rigore che assicuri la correttezza della soluzione);

abilità nel trattare con problemi definiti in modo incompleto;

abilità nel trattare con aspetti sia umani che tecnologici, in quanto la dimensione umana (definizione dei requisiti, interfacce utente, formazione, ...) è essenziale per il successo di qualunque sistema informatico;

capacità di comunicare e lavorare con gli altri per il raggiungimento di una meta comune o di una soluzione condivisa.

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Cos'è il pensiero computazionale Per caratterizzare sinteticamente il rilevante contributo culturale apportato dall'Informatica alla comprensione della società contemporanea, la scienziata informatica Jeannette Wing nel 2006 introdusse l'espressione "pensiero computazionale  " (vedi l' articolo originale - in inglese). Prima di fornire qualche spiegazione su cosa si intenda con questa espressione, vi invitiamo a guardare il seguente spezzone video, tratto dal film "Apollo 13".

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Sito ufficiale di Scratch

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Scratch is a free programming language and online community where you can create your own interactive stories, games, and animations.

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Descrizione del metodo CodyWay con collegamenti a risorse online e proposte di attività

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LM05: CodyWay, percorso programmato – codeweek.it

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Presentazione del metodo CodyRoby a INTED-

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UNPLUGGED LANGUAGE-NEUTRAL CARD GAMES AS AN INCLUSIVE INSTRUMENT TO DEVELOP COMPUTATIONAL THINKING SKILLS INTED-2015 presentation http://iated.org/concrete3/v...

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Descrizione del metodo CodyRoby, con collegamenti allo started kit e proposte di attività

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LM09: CodyRoby anche senza computer | codeweek.it

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Premessa: CodyRoby è uno strumento di programmazione unplugged fai da te concepito per abbattere le barriere d'accesso al coding educativo. Due edizioni speciali di CodyRoby sono state dedicate ad Africa Code Week e a Europe Code Week. Il materiale che compone ogni kit può essere scaricato liberamente dalla rete e stampato su 6 fogli A4.

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Questo padlet contiene i link utili per iniziare con il CODING

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Gli oggetti che usiamo abitualmente sono per gran parte programmabili

Ogni oggetto programmabile funziona solo se c'è qualcuno che lo programma

Programmare vuol dire far fare agli oggetti ciò che vogliamo

La programmazione è il modo più semplice ed immediato per realizzare le nostre idee sfruttando il potenziale degli oggetti che già abbiamo

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Docente Prof. Alessandro Bogliolo

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sito ufficiale di Programma il futuro

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Programma il Futuro - Code.org - ProgrammaIlFuturo.it

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Sito ufficiale di Code.org
Vedi Labirinto classico per iniziare a fare CODING

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Hour of Code

This year, we're taking Hour of Code to new heights by offering coding opportunities that encompass both artificial intelligence (AI) and non-AI components.

Want to keep learning? Go beyond an hour

Teachers: Host an hour or read the How-To Guide

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Use computer science to explore and learn about AI!