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Tactics in Warfare during WWI

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Britains main drive to join the war was that they were obligated to join due to the Treaty of London written in 1839. The Treaty of London was an agreement between Britain and Belgium where Britain would protect Belgium if attacked. Due to this one of their goals was to restore Belgiums sovereignty. Britain also wanted to maintain a balance of power in Europe. They would do this by defending the French and attaking the Germans.

War Aims and War Aims Discussions (Great Britain and Ireland)

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The British had the largest and the best navy during WWI. They had over 200 ships in their fleet and the second biggest navy was the Germans. The Germans tried to overtake the British but failed.

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Great Britain (and the British Empire), France, and the Russian Empire, officially collaborated by the Treaty of London of September 5, 1914. They were a allied power nation in World War I. Other countries where by treaty, allied to one or more countries.

Allied Powers | World War I | Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Allied-powers-World-War-I. Accessed 11 Dec. 2020.

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Adam Volle Adam Volle is a freelance writer and editor based in Atlanta, Georgia.

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Allied powers | World War I, Definition, Countries, & Map

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Allied powers, coalition of countries that opposed the Central Powers (primarily Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire) during World War I. The Allies’ original members of greatest import were the British Empire, France, and Russia. Later the United States and Italy joined the Allied

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a soldier fighting in Europe or in one of the colonies

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a soldier fighting in Europe or in one of the colonies

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https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-leicestershire-51356195
This soldier is a soldier that fought for the British army. He mentioned that the first day and frit ever battle was "Something awful. Never witnessed anything like it before."

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VIDEO #1:
TEAM PLANNING SESSION
(2-3 mins)

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WWI Summative Investigation, Presentation & Reflection:
Crit. A & B

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WWI Summative Investigation, Presentation & Reflection: Crit. A & B

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What kind of TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN WARFARE?

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What kind of TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS IN WARFARE?

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Military Technology in WWI

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Citizens and WWI
- It brought women into the workforce
- Everyone was made to work due to labor shortages
- They were proud of their country

Britain and the War

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Mainly the fact that it was the smallest of the big powers and their army grew out of nowhere.

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Soldiers, support, weaponry and supplies.

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What's the reality of the soldier's experience?

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What's the reality of the soldier's experience?

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhlN3k8ROFI

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VIDEO #2:
TEAM DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS (2-4 mins)

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Experiment with methodologies for collecting & analyzing evidence...

experiment with the padlet features to expand your thinking & learning (click on those 3 little dots on the padlet post-it)

locate reliable sources to provide relevant information to answer the questions

be sure to DOCUMENT YOUR NAME on EACH of your PADLET POST-ITS for individual accountability

hyperlink/ embed/ upload

Photos of hand-written notes?

Digital notes (Google docs/ slide; Google drawings)

Audio notes/ video notes (vlogs)

screencasts

Sketchnotes (digital/ hand-drawn)

Mind-maps

Images, photos, maps, illustrations, videos

Visual Cornell notes

evidence of collaboration

upload video of team planning session (2-3 mins)

upload video of team discussing findings  (2-3 mins)

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What does YOUR COUNTRY LOOK LIKE NOW AT THE END OF WWI?

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What does YOUR COUNTRY LOOK LIKE NOW AT THE END OF WWI?

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Debts,strikes, unemployment .

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Broken up empire?
Loss of colonies?
Creation of successor states?
Economic crisis?
Rise of Fascism?
Emergence of Communism?
Reparations?

HOW? WHY?

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Britains main enemy during the war was Germany. The Germans were the ones that made the British join the war in the first place because they started fighting in Belgium which the British had agreed to protect. The Germans and the British fought eachother in the sea with their naval forces. Then the Germans made the U-Boat which let them sink ships.

What Happened During WWI

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According to Britannica H. H Asquith was the head of the party,  of the parliament, in the UK. He and his allies shifted to the opposition benches. Lloyd George set out to turn the British war effort immediately, gaining firm hold of both military and domestic policies. The War Cabinet convened 200 times in the first 235 days of its life.

“Allied Powers | History & Facts.”
Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Allied-Powers-international-alliance. Accessed 9 Dec. 2020.

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Allied powers, also called Allies, those countries allied in opposition to the Central Powers ( Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey) in World War I or to the Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) in World War II.

The major Allied powers in World War I were Great Britain (and the British Empire), France, and the Russian Empire, formally linked by the Treaty of London of September 5, 1914. Other countries that had been, or came to be, allied by treaty to one or more of those powers were also called Allies: Portugal and Japan by treaty with Britain; Italy by the Treaty of London of April 26, 1915, with all three powers. Other countries-including the United States after its entry on April 6, 1917-that were arrayed against the Central Powers were called "Associated Powers," not Allied powers; U.S. Pres. Woodrow Wilson emphasized that distinction to preserve America's free hand. The Treaty of Versailles (June 28, 1919) concluding the war listed 27 "Allied and Associated Powers": Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, the British Empire, China, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Ecuador, France, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, the Hejaz, Honduras, Italy, Japan, Liberia, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Siam, the United States, and Uruguay.

In World War II the chief Allied powers were Great Britain, France (except during the German occupation, 1940-44), the Soviet Union (after its entry in June 1941), the United States (after its entry on December 8, 1941), and China. More generally, the Allies included all the wartime members of the United Nations, the signatories to the Declaration of the United Nations. The original signers of January 1, 1942, were Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Poland, South Africa, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Yugoslavia. Subsequent wartime signers were (in chronological order) Mexico, the Philippines, Ethiopia, Iraq, Brazil, Bolivia, Iran, Colombia, Liberia, France, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Paraguay, Venezuela, Uruguay, Turkey, Egypt, Syria, and Lebanon.

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Allied powers, those countries allied against the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey) in World War I or against the Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) in World War II. The major Allies were Britain, France, and Russia in WWI and Britain, France, the Soviet Union, the U.S., and China in WWII.

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CONFLICT: WWI
PADLET

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Triumph of Liberal Democracy?
Collective security? How?
Economic boom?

HOW? WHY?

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How much power does the government have?

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How much power does the government have?

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Britain was sometimes characterized as being in 'splendid isolation from the rest of Europe in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Britain had an immense empire and it was its priority to rule this empire. With its large manpower wealth, the secret to Britain's power was India. To rule the empire, Britain depended heavily on Indian forces. Security of the trading routes between Britain and India was the top priority for Britain. The strong navy in Britain protected trading relations with India and the rest of the world.

“Allied Powers | History & Facts.” Encyclopedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Allied-Powers-international-alliance. Accessed 9 Dec. 2020.

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The Great War of 1914-18 began in August 1914. The causes of this war have been debated by politicians and historians ever since. One of the few things that historians have been able to agree about is that the war was the result of many different complex factors working together. These factors meant that the situation in Europe in 1914 was very tense. This in turn allowed one crisis to spiral out of control and spark off a war that killed millions.

The war was fought between rival alliances of European powers:

In 1879, Germany and Austria-Hungary formed an alliance (the Dual Alliance) that gave them great strength in the centre of Europe.

In 1892, the French and the Russians formed their own strong alliance (the Dual Entente) that meant Germany now had an unfriendly power on each side.

Soon afterwards, Germany's most powerful soldier, General Schlieffen, drew up a plan that would allow Germany to beat France very quickly in any future war. This would then free most German troops to fight Russia in the east.

By the early 1900s, the alliances had developed. The Dual Alliance had become the Triple Alliance with Italy (although Italy stayed out of the war in 1914).

In 1907, Britain joined Russia and France to form the Triple Entente. Britain was much less committed to this alliance than Russia or France.

Image 1
Map of Europe showing the Triple Alliance

Image 2
Map of Europe showing theTriple Entente

The advantage of these alliances was that it gave the great powers a sense of security. The downside was that if the powers stuck blindly to their alliances, then a small-scale local dispute involving one power might drag the other powers in and turn into a major war.

The experience of the early 1900s seemed to suggest this would not happen. For example:

In 1905 and 1911, there were disputes between the powers over colonies in North Africa.

In 1908, Austria-Hungary took over the province of Bosnia, which contained many Serbs. Serbia and her ally Russia were furious, but there was no war as a result.

In 1912-13, there were a series of wars in the Balkans. Serbia emerged from these wars as the main victor and appeared to be a possible threat to Austria-Hungary. Even so, there was no major war.

Unfortunately, this changed in 1914. The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the trigger that set off the Great War. Franz Ferdinand was the heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary. He was assassinated on 28 June 1914 by terrorists from one of Austria-Hungary's rival powers, Serbia. Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia, even though the terrorists were not connected to the Serbian government. On 31 July 1914, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.

At this point, the alliances came into play. Russia mobilised its army ready to help the Serbs against Austria-Hungary. Everyone knew that if Russia attacked Austria-Hungary, then the alliance system meant that Germany and France could be pulled into the war as well.

The alliance system did not mean that a European war had to happen. Some say that it could still have been avoided - especially if Britain could have made Germany hold back from helping Austria-Hungary. Germany decided to help Austria-Hungary and declared war on Russia (1 August) and France (3 August). The German army prepared to attack France through Belgium, just as General Schlieffen had planned.

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, Britain was often described as being in 'Splendid Isolation' from the rest of Europe. Britain had a huge empire and ruling this empire was its priority. The key to Britain's power was India with its vast resources of manpower. Britain relied heavily on Indian troops to control the empire. The highest priority for Britain was protecting the trade routes between Britain and India. Britain's large navy protected trade links with India and with the rest of the world.

Despite this focus on the empire, Britain was interested in events in Europe. To start with, other European countries had rival empires. Belgium and France both had large empires in Africa. There was strong rivalry between Britain and France over possessions in North Africa. By the early 1900s, Germany also had colonies in Africa and was beginning to show an interest in North Africa.

Another concern was Russia. For much of the 19th century, Russia wanted to take control of the Dardanelles, the area where the Black Sea opened out into the Mediterranean Sea. This would allow Russian warships and trading ships to sail easily around Europe. Russia had other ports in the north, but these tended to freeze over in winter. The problem was that the Dardanelles were owned by Turkey. Turkey and Russia had long been enemies. Britain supported Turkey against Russia. This was because Britain did not want Russian ships in the Mediterranean. The Mediterranean was part of Britain's most important trade route to India.

Until the early 1900s, Britain was more concerned about Russia and France than Germany. Relations between Britain and Germany were very good. This began to change, however. When Kaiser Wilhelm II took control of Germany, he was anxious for Germany to be a great power. He felt that Russia to the east and France to the west were encircling Germany. As a result, he built up his armed forces. France and Russia feared Germany and did the same. During the 1900s, all of the great powers in Europe began to build up their armies and navies.

British policy in Europe intended that no country in Europe should become completely dominant. If Russia, France, Germany and Austria-Hungary worried about each other, then they would be less of a threat to Britain. By about 1907 it was becoming clear to Britain that the greatest potential threat to Britain was going to be Germany. The strong economy, large population and powerful armed forces of Germany seemed to be capable of dominating Europe. As a result, Britain began to support Russia and France. Britain joined the Triple Entente.

Despite being part of the Triple Entente, Britain was not committed to going to war in 1914. The Foreign Secretary, Sir Edward Grey, spent much of the summer of 1914 furiously trying to reassure Russia and Germany and prevent a war happening. Even when German troops invaded France and Belgium as part of the Schlieffen Plan, Britain did not have to go to war.

Germany hoped Britain would stay out of the war altogether. However, the Germans knew that Britain had promised to defend Belgium under the Treaty of London of 1839. The Germans wanted the British government to ignore the Treaty of London and let the German army pass through Belgium. The British government made much of their duty to protect Belgium. Belgium's ports were close to the British coast and German control of Belgium would have been seen as a serious threat to Britain. In the end, Britain refused to ignore the events of 4 August 1914, when Germany attacked France through Belgium. Within hours, Britain declared war on Germany. The Kaiser said how foolish he thought the British were. He said that Britain had gone to war for the sake of a "scrap of paper".

Within a few more days, Britain, France and Russia (the Allies) were all officially at war with Germany and Austria-Hungary (the Central Powers). What had started as a small, local problem in the Balkans was turning into the biggest and most brutal war the world had ever seen.

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Why did Britain go to war? Background | The National Archives

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The Great War of 1914-18 began in August 1914. The causes of this war have been debated by politicians and historians ever since. One of the few things that historians have been able to agree about is that the war was the result of many different complex factors working together.