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They absorb nitrate in the water

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Function-used for nice background, they establish the biological equilibrium of the aquarium environment, enrich the water with oxygen and control the balance of microflora
Marine or fresh changes- match the plant to the kind of tank as there is plants that belong to marine and fresh
Key facts- thrive off fish waste, don't all require substrates, exist in many biomes, improve ecosystems

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▪︎ A pump tank collects and doses treated wastewater to the soil at intervals. They are usually concrete, fiberglass or polyethylene containers that collect wastewater
▪︎ Advantages:
- keeps water moving in or out of a filter
- They oxygenate the water and create bubbles
- They create pressure differences that allow the filtration system to clean the water
▪︎ Disadvantages:
- Pump impellers and seals may fail and foreign matter/debris from the tank can clog the pump internals
- Low water levels in the tank can also cause run dry failure
- If the pump/motor system stops running you may have an electrical fault or foreign matter seizure
- Can easily disconnect

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LED= light-emitting diode. LED lights are used in fish tanks as a source of lightning. LEDs do not produce heat. They can be used for both marine and freshwater fish. They are unlikely to produce algae growth in a tank. They last longer than other lightning used. Blue light is used for fish tanks as it can go through the fish tank according to the light spectrum. However, LED lighting can have customisable lightning colours.

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Properly aerating your aquarium allows your fish to breathe properly, which is essential for good health. The devices most commonly used to increase aeration in fish tanks are filters, power heads, air stones, and aerating decorations. Use whatever combination you like to provide your fish with the oxygen they require.

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Is the process by which air is circulated through, mixed with or dissolved in a liquid.

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FUNCTION: used in the bottom of a tank. affects water chemistry, filtration, enrichment and aesthetics. helps in the nitrogen cycle as it houses anaerobic bacteria that converts nitrate into nitrogen gas. used for live plants (roots). very important for bottom feeders that root around in substrate for food. helps fish feel safer because of privacy and I. ages don't get reflected. some fish species scatter eggs in the substrate to help protect the eggs

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The "T" in T5 indicates the bulb is tubular shaped, while the "5" is five eighths of an inch in diameter. The other are the larger T8 (8/8 or = 1 inch)

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It provides a constant supply of aerated water for your fish. These pumps also stabilize water pressure inside the tank to ensure that certain external/internal filters function properly

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They are used to warm up the water in the aquarium.

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Different types of aquarium pumps will produce different flow rates. Typically speaking, saltwater fish will want a higher flow rate while freshwater fish might like less circulation, and therefore a lower flow rate

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Are long tubes

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need sufficient lighting, proper substrate, and sufficient food

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Oh

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water pumps now can come with more advanced filtration or temperature regulation hardware, specialized sterilizers (including UV sterilization), chemical skimmers (such as protein skimmers) and even water chillers.

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Metal halides designed for freshwater plants tend to be between 5500K-6500K, closely matching natural sunlight. Reef aquarium metal halide bulbs are usually higher, between 10,000K-20,000K.

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Advantages
- They are relatively easy to use.
- They are hard to break.

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K meaning kelvin

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Metal Halide lighting is high output aquarium lighting, and is the most able to reproduce natural sunlight.

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Some water pumps can even assist with draining and refilling your aquarium to assist with cleaning, while others can even mix saltwater in holding tanks to prepare it for a water change.

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Lamps with a higher Kelvin rating will appear more blue whereas those with a lower Kelvin rating will appear more white or yellow.

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The two main types of water pumps are submersible and in line. Some new models allow you to choose their configuration by offering submerged or inline modes of operation. Submersible water pumps, as their name gives away, are meant to run inside your aquarium, below the water line. They will typically draw water across a filter to clean it then force new water into the aquarium. Some even have inline heaters which allow the pump to clean and heat at the same time. While they are relatively easy to install and maintain, one drawback is that they are water cooled. This in turn means that they introduce additional heat into your aquatic environment. Inline pumps sit outside of the aquarium and are connected to the tank via inlet and outlet tubing. These are nice since the heat they dissipate will not be sunk into the water of the tank; however, be wary of kids or small animals who might like to play with the tempting water lines

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Disadvantage - they are expensive.

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Blue light travels furthest in water

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ground cover, such as Vallisneria, send out runner which develop into new rooted separate plants - cannot tolerate dry conditions

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KEY FACTS: usually 2 inches deep

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Low cost lighting, is appropriate for planted aquariums and hard and soft coral marine tanks, is efficient, low energy consumption, long term option.

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For tanks a range of 400 to 450nm

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submersible pump - FLOW – You can find this type of pump in a range of flow sizes from tiny 50GPH (Gallons Per Hour)/190LPH (Liters Per Hour) up to around 1200GPH from a slew of manufacturers. PRICE – They generally range in price depending on the flowrate/size of the pump starting from around $5 from the Chinese manufacturers, up to $35.00 for the Cobalt Brand. USES – Water Flow in an aquarium, Water supply to equipment, Saltwater mixing, Water transfer.

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TYPES OF SUBSTRATE: marbles, sand, river stones, crushed coral, EcoComplete (for plants), fluorite, laterite, aquasoil, potting soil

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https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/proxy/uY6QOG9MFtY44Ai34SmYDSCi1FTY9kgSArM5ibtdXkSU2vT1-5dAn2il2R4TpZprfcl4tfazMyxjhTMHTnXtfDuV_XCDTGfk5W9Q8Q

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One way of providing the necessary aeration in an aquarium is to use air stones connected to an air pump. The air stones can be made from wood or other highly porous materials. When air is forced in one end of the air stone by the pump, it is released as bubbles from the other end

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Very penetrating light which produces unparalleled growth in photosynthetic Corals

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Vallisneria - can't tolerate dry conditions, removing  from the aquarium and allowing them to dry out will severely damage or kill them - air damage can occur quickly and make plants unattractive for weeks
- node propagators muriophyllum, ludwigia, and acorus
- aquatic plants from bulbs