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The consumer price index is a respected representation of our countries inflation. Specifically in the sectors fueled by commerce. Price changes of products are weighted based on the amount of sales that product produced.

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Inflation can influence people to spend sooner as their money losses its value. This is good for the economy as a whole.

Those with wealth in bonds and currency will have their moneys value degraded by inflation. However this can be avoided by investing in inflation hedged assets like gold, commodities and real estate investment trusts.

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Central banks buy government bonds. These increase the markets liquidity by allowing central banks to loan more freely. Today, the federal reserve is increasing interest rates on these loans to try and slow inflation by decreasing liquidity.

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Some industries have had deflation as well. In our post-pandemic world there are parts of culture from before that we have left behind. Industries that are affected by this have had a decrease in sales and are presently showing deflation.

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Factors increasing inflation rates:
- Certain sectors having major supply chain shortages
- Fewer items driving increased prices for distributers to preserve supplies
- The stimulus package gave money that is now being spent
This results in an economy with increased demand and lack of supply. Making certain sectors increase in prices.

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The sectors that are showing the most deflation are:
- sub-sectors of apparel
- airline fares
- computer software
- medical equipment

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Sectors showing the most rapid inflation are:
- car and truck rental
- used car and truck sales
- laundry equipment
- gasoline

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From Reuters Graphics

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- Inflation is caused by additional money being added into the economy
- Occurs when monetary authorities loan to banks introducing new cash into the economy. (increasing the overall wealth present in the economy)

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The pandemic has influenced many changes in inflation rates. Inflation and deflation are both occuring in major economic sectors for a variety of reasons. Inflation calculations of the economy as a whole have increased very rapidly. The fed has historically kept inflation at a steady 2% yearly rate however the CPI is up 7.5% yearly, much higher than the federal reserve aims to achieve.

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Jerry has a list of groceries he buys every year. The items and the amounts of items do not change. One year his entire list costs him 100$. The next year, however, the groceries cost 102$. This change is because of inflation in the price of groceries.

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Inflation is the measurement of the decrease in a currencies purchasing power

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- CPI (consumer price index)
- PPI (producer price index)
- WPI (wholesale price index)
- PCE (personal consumption expenditures index)