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Helps coordinate fluid movement, and keep balance. Involuntary and active in initiating and executing

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Integrated at the muscle
flaccid paralysis: non-contracting paralysis , lack of stimulus by the alpha motor neuron

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integrated with CNS and PNS
Spastic paralysis: con-contracting paralysis, lack of a signal to the muscles

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Voluntary Movement components (3 detailed)

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Voluntary Movement components (3 detailed)

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Planning: Prefrontal Cortex and Motor association unit consider appropriate movement

Initiating: Motor cortex to brainstem initiating action of specific motor units

Executing:  Brainstem to spinal cord direct motor neuron influence

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Reflex movement sensory information and integration

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Reflex movement sensory information and integration

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Types: knee jerk (patellar); flexion reflex (or withdrawal); crossed extensor reflex
Integrated: Spinal or Brainstem
Sensory Info: Does not require integration in the cortex(cerebral)

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receptive to tension in tendons
Why both? Maintain appropriate tension!

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They contract extrafusal fibers to develop force, shape of receptive area

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1.

2.

3.

4.

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alpha motor neurons: stretch receptor activation

Problem: compresses loses ability to detect stretch

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Muscle tendons: muscle spindles
Golgi Tendons: free nerve endings
Joint Receptors: joint capsules and ligaments

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Integration: skeletal muscles

Function: movement, stretch

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Reflexes: visceral(body),

Integration:
Spinal: urination, defecation

Cranial: organs (stomach, heart, lungs)