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The Berlin Blockade and Airlift was when Soviet Union cut off highway, water, and rail traffic into Berlin’s western zones and the Americans and British officials flew in the skies to give items to the people of Berlin since the people faced starvation. The blockade was made to force the Western Allied powers the United States, the United Kingdom, and France to abandon their post-World War II jurisdictions in West Berlin. From June 1948 to May 1949, Allied planes took off and landed every three minutes in West Berlin. Pilots brought in 2.3 million tons of food, fuel, medicine, and gifts to West Berliners. In May 1949, the Soviet Union admitted defeat and lifted the blockade.
The Cuban Missile Crisis began in July 1962 when an American spy drone discovered missile sites in Cuba. JFK demanded that Cuba remove them because they were too close to U.S territory and also put a naval blockade on the Soviets in order to stop them from bringing in more missiles. Everyone feared a nuclear war. Eventually it was agreed that the Soviets would remove the missiles and that the U.S would not invade Cuba.

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9. Positive and Negative Effects of a U.S. action 

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9. Positive and Negative Effects of a U.S. action 

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An event that the U.S was involved in was the Vietnam war.
Negative outcomes
-There was no agreement at the end of the war
-1.5 million Vietnamese lost their lives
-58,000 Americans lost their lives
-Dissatisfied young people protested the tremendous loss of life
-The war grew increasingly unpopular in the U.S
Positive outcomes:
-The U.S was not seen as a coward to other nations therefore meant others nations admired the U.S because they fought the Vietnamese
-Nixon had a plan called the Vietnamization it allowed U.S troops to gradually pull out, while the South Vietnamese increased their combat role
-The U.S felt more powerful than any of the other nations in the world
-Nixon authorized a massive bombing campaign against North Vietnamese bases and supply routes

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Glastnost:  It was a Soviet Union policy of open discussion It talked about political and social issues.
Instituted by Mikhail Gorbachev in the 1980s  It began democratization of the Soviet Union.
Perestroika:  In 1980's political reformation movement in the Communist party of the USSR formed by Soviet leader Gorbachev.
Gorbachev: He was the last Soviet leader and he was a key person in the change of the relations they had with the west.

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7. When did East and West Germany finally reunify?

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7. When did East and West Germany finally reunify?

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People wanted the right to travel freely, and they also demanded free election. President Reagan demanded that the Berlin Walls be torn down on June 1987, and two years later the wall was torn down. On November 9, 1989 the divided city of Berlin became one. Many Germans began to speak of reunification after the fall of Communism. It was officially reunited in October 3, 1990

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Detente is weakening tensed relations with other countries.
The ping-pong diplomacy refers to a game of ping pong between the US and the republic of China's team. This is what began to make a relationship between China and the US.

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Proxy Wars is when countries fight against each other instead of the main one fighting. One of the proxy wars that broke out during the Cold War which was the U.S attempt of containment to prevent communism from spreading to Asia. U.S supported South Korea (democracy) while the Soviets supported North Korea (Communists).  North Korea believed that Korea should be one country under communist rule. At the end, North Korea failed to invade South Korea and the border remained at the 38 parallel line. A cease-fire treaty was signed in July 1953. The U.S had originally been helping the French keep Vietnam from the communist rebels. Eventually, the French surrendered and the U.S feared that communism would begin spreading if it got to one place, or the domino theory. 2 of the most major reasons why the U.S lost was because their troops weren't used to the environment and the leaders they were supporting in Vietnam were unpopular. Then, people began protesting the war at home. Vietnamization, the removal of troops little by little, was approved and Vietnam succumbed to communism shortly after.

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It affected the Soviet Union and America because science and education was needed during the space race competition. Plus a lot of money was put into the inventions being made.
The Soviet Union won the space race.
The events that were important during the space race was the Soviet Union launching Sputnik, U.S launching an artificial satellite (Explorer I), First human orbits Earth (Yuri Gagarin), First American in space (Alan Shepard), First woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova), Apollo 11 first manned moon landing (Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, Michael Collins), and U.S and Soviet Union launch first joint space mission.

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Iron Curtain: Soviet troops occupied a strip of countries along the Soviet Union's own western border. Stalin regarded these countries as a necessary buffer, or wall of protection. He ignored the Yalta agreement and installed or secured Communist governments in Albania, Bulgaria. The name Iron curtain came from Churchill's speech regarding the installment of troops along the border.
After WWII Stalin said that free elections when at the conference of Yalta at the point of dividing Germany Soviets agreed to allow free elections but soon after he denied the people a free election.
Warsaw Pact: The Soviet Union saw NATO as a threat and formed it's own alliance in 1955. It included Soviet Union, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania.

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NATO: The Berlin blockade heightened Western Europe's fear of Soviet aggression. As a result in 1949, ten western European nations joined with the U.S. and Canada to form a defensive military alliance. It was called the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). An attack on any NATO member would be met with armed force by all member nations
Truman Doctrine: In a speech asking Congress for foreign aid for Turkey and Greece, Truman contrasted democracy with communism: Truman's support for countries that rejected communism was called the Truman Doctrine. It caused great controversy. Some opponents objected to American interference in other nations' affairs. Others argued that the U.S. could not afford to carry on a global crusade against communism. Congress, however immediately authorized more than $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece
Marshall Plan: This assistance program called the Marshall plan, would provide food, machinery, and other materials, to rebuild Western Europe. As Congress debated the $12.5 billion program in 1948, the Communists seized power in Czechoslovakia. Congress immediately voted approval and the plan was a success and even Communist Yugoslavia received aid after it broke away from Soviet domination.
Cuban Missile Crisis: With the failed invasion on the Bay of Pigs, it convinced Soviet Leader Nikita Khrushchev that the US would no resist expansion in Latin America. In July 1962, Khrushchev secretly began to build 42 missile sites in Cuba. JFK declared that missiles close to the US mainlands were a threat and demanded their removal and also announced a naval blockade of Cuba to prevent Soviets from installing more missiles. Kennedy's demand for the removal put the US and the Soviet on a collision course and people around the world feared nuclear war and so Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles in return for a US promise not to invade Cuba.
Containment: US and Soviet relations continued to worsen in 1946 and 1947 and increasingly worried the US which tried to offset the growing Soviet threat to Eastern Europe. President Truman adopted a foreign policy called containment. It was a policy directed at blocking Soviet influence and stopping the expansion of Communism.

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The leaders of the United States (FDR), Britain (Churchill), and the Soviet Union (Stalin) met at the Soviet Black Sea resort of Yalta. They all came to the conference for different reasons. Soviets came for trying to find a way to protect of another German invasion toward the USSR. Churchill came because he feared the power of the soviets growing. The U.S came to form the United Nations. The conference was about how post-war Europe should be organized especially Germany. There, they agreed to divide Germany into 4 sections. Germany would also would have to pay the Soviet Union to compensate for its loss of life and property. Stalin agreed to join the war against Japan and promised that Eastern Europeans would have free elections.