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Field stations were the first level of care because it was directly on the field. Wounded soliders were evacuated by trained stretcher bearers. This was the least intensive level of care consisting more of bandages and medication.

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Hospitals were located in the battlefield but in safe places. Hospitals were generally warehouses, churches, and barns. Soldiers with major injuries were moved to hospitals. Doctors performed serious operations like amputations. There were a lot of hospitals, but they were often not large enough or equipped for meeting the needs of the injured.

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Jonathan Lettermen was the Medical Director of the Army of the Potomac. He created the foundation for modern medical evacuation procedures in the military. He created a system of stretcher bearers with the sole purpose of evacuating injured soliders.

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Surgical cases were treated first in field hospitals and regular hospitals. They are normally injuries to the leg or torso.

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There were an estimated 50,000 amputations made over the course of the war, leaving many soldiers without arms, legs, or feet.
Surgeons performing amputations in 2 ways.

1. circular method: allowed the surgeon to cut right through the limb and could be done even in dim lighting.

2. fish-mouth flap method: the surgeon made a flap of skin that resembled the mouth of a fish and used it to cover the amputation site.
chloroform and ether were commonly used to knock patients unconscious.

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The slightly wounded were given bandages and pain medication. They were treated in the field stations.

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Doctors did not have a concept of germs and bacteria or how they spread infection. In result, doctors treated patients without cleaning their equipment. Poor sanitation often led to infection.

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These soliders were injured in the chest or neck. They were treated last as they were expected to die. These soliders were given pain medication and if they lived long enough they would be operated on.

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The death rate in field hospitals was 9%. This was surprisingly low considering the lethality of weapons and undeveloped technology. Soldiers had approximately 91% of surviving when they were treated in hospitals

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Nursing became a prominent profession for women out of necessity. They were commonly discriminated against in hospitals by male doctors. Nurses proved their worth through skill and hard work.

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General Anesthesia gained popularity as it was used on soliders but after the civil war it became public.

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As war continued, hospitals became more organized. Services given in hospitals became publicly appreciated. The invention of ambulances helped patients receive treatment quickly. The advancement of hospitals lead to the United States becoming a medically advanced country. After the Civil War, hospitals became a place to heal, not a place to die.