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In 1954, the Supreme Court deemed segregation unconstitutional with the case Brown v. Board of Education. With this decision, public establishments now had to desegregate or integrate otherwise it would be classified as illegal under national law. This change in the world of education allowed for the enrollment of Vivian Malone and James Hood at the University of Alabama.

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Democratic Governor of Alabama, George Wallace, stood in the doorway separating James Hood and Vivian Malone from the enrollment office at the University of Alabama. His protest was an attempt to stop the integration of schools, more specifically, the University of Alabama.

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Source(s):
Editors, History.com. “University of Alabama Desegregated.” History.com, A&E Television Networks, 9 Feb. 2010.

Elliott, Debbie. “Wallace in the Schoolhouse Door.” NPR, NPR, 11 June 2003.

Image(s):
Kentake, Meserette. “Vivian Malone: Civil Rights Hero Who Defied Racial Segregation.” The Weekly Challenger, 12 Jan. 2017.

Mcelvaine, Robert S. “A Day That Shook the World.” POLITICO, 11 June 2013.

Ross, Michael E. “Brown v. Board: The Education of a Nation.” NBCNews.com, NBCUniversal News Group, 15 Feb. 2005.

Staff, Legacy. “George Wallace: The Great Divider.” Legacy.com, 13 Oct. 2016.

Video(s):
Grio, The, director. An Confrontation at the Integration of the University of Alabama. YouTube, YouTube, 26 Feb. 2013, www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WbLGlIzW88.

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Wallace's campaign was built on the enforcement of segregation. He vowed to his supporters that segregation would be in play throughout his time in office. One of his slogans was "Segregation now! Segregation tomorrow! Segregation forever!" He also mentioned physically positioning himself in the schoolhouse door of any all-white school subjected to integration. Later on, in 1963, he did just that.

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Wallace's attempt to prevent integration of the University received the attention of President John F. Kennedy who made the decision of what to do in response to the governor's defiance. He discussed what needed to be done with Deputy Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach. In agreement, they both wanted Wallace to simply step away from the doorway, but the stubborn politician argued against authorities using the state's constitutional right to conduct public schools. In a final attempt, President Kennedy deployed the National Guard in order to get Wallace to step down resulting in a victory for racial equality

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A Confrontation for Integration at the University of Alabama

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Prosperity in Academics for Malone and Hood

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Prosperity in Academics for Malone and Hood

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Once Governor George Wallace ended his protest, Vivian Malone and James Hood successfully enrolled into the University of Alabama. Two years later, Malone graduated from the university making her the first African-American in the school's history to graduate from there. Hood left the university two months after the event, however, he continued his career in higher-level education in 1995 and received his Ph.D in interdisciplinary studies.

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George Wallace's protest caught the attention of those all over America. News stations reported his act for segregation which allowed him to gain the support of other segregationists across the nation. That same year, the infamous governor of Alabama reenacted his stand-in at another school that planned to desegregate. However, Wallace surrendered there as well.