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The life cycle analysis (LCA) is certified by NTC 14040 which refers to the principles and reference framework, also the NTC 14044 that deals with the Requirements and Guidelines. The Life cycle analysis (LCA) is the collection and evaluation of inputs, outputs and potential environmental impacts throughout the life cycle of a product, that is, the activities of extraction and acquisition of raw materials, production , utilization, recycling and final disposal.

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The life cycle analysis (LCA) has four phases.

1. The definition phase of the objective and the scope.

2. The inventory analysis phase.

3. The environmental impact assessment phase.

4. The phase of interpretation of results.

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Some applications of the life cycle analysis (LCA), are:

a. Develop and perfect the product. Identification of opportunities to mitigate the environmental impact of the product in the different stages of its life cycle.

b. Strategic planning. The life cycle analysis (LCA) provides information to set goals and indicators.

c. Development of public policies. The life cycle analysis (LCA) provides information for decision making.

d. Marketing. It is applied to implement an environmental labeling scheme.

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The scientific article "Life Cycle Analysis of Distributed Energy System Projects’ Energy consumption and GHG Emission – A Case of Beer Brewery Auxiliary Power Supply in China"

The scientific article mentions the analysis of the life cycle of a distributed energy system, which consists of using renewable energies. In a brewery in China, the distributed energy system is used with Natural Gas.

The research includes scenarios of different fuel prices, using LCA method to evaluate the influence on the environment. The research the comprehensive value of Gas-based Distributed Energy System projects, with detailed calculation methods of economic value, user value, system value and environmental value. Since fuel costs and emissions are considerably small in renewable technology, energy consumption and emission during life-cycle processes like machine production should not be neglected. Thus, Life-Cycle Analysis (LCA) method is frequently used to analyze renewable energy based projects, and the results provide solid foundation for further research in this field.

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The research framework is based on Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). With output (electricity, heat and cooling) held constant, analyzed the input required by different technologies and compared life cycle energy consumption and GHG emission. By comparing the results of these cases and doing sensitivity analysis, it is able to provide policy guidance. In this paper, we tried to analyze life cycle energy consumption and GHG emission of multiple types of Distributed Energy System projects with different energy supply pathways. With output (electricity, heat and cooling) held constant, the fuel energy consumption is calculated given efficiency factors, and then life cycle energy consumption and GHG emission can be derived using LCA results.

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Taking into account the provisions of the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 standards focused on the life cycle analysis which allow evaluating the environmental burdens associated with a product, process or activity, the energies, emissions to the environment, impacts and environmental strategies.

Based on the above, the article deals with the analysis of the life cycle of a brewery project in China which uses Gas Natural as a distributed energy system to assess energy consumption and the emission of greenhouse gases and thus be able to compare it with other systems where different types of energy are used (renewable and non-renewable).

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Different types of energy used

Coal and electrical network

Use coal to generate heat and buy electricity from the grid to provide cooling and meet the demand for electricity

All coal

Use coal to generate electricity and use the rear heat to provide heat and cooling

Maximum local solar use

Use local solar energy to provide part of the electricity demanded, and then follow case 2.

Maximum utilization of local biomass

The energy of the biomass (methane gas generated by the lees of the wine) provides the demand for electricity and cooling, and the coal provides heat

Outside wind electricity

Use wind power supplied from a distance to provide electricity and cooling demand, and use coal to provide heat.

Although the different systems use mostly clean energy, the project based on natural gas has an outstanding performance in energy saving and emission reduction compared with all other systems because it saves 8% of energy and reduces emissions of GHG by 38% from the point of view of Life Cycle Analysis

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The following table compares the different energy systems, where the Energy System project is based on gas, it seems to use 7% more energy as an input, but in a view of the Life Cycle, reduce energy consumption and emissions of GHG in a significant way, that die that the gas-based energy system remains the most viable.

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tabla principio y estrategia de gestion ambiental 