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An Introduction to Ethos, Logos and Pathos

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The author uses such strong language to appeal to the readers emotions. Douglass uses such gory details to engage the reader to realize that slavery was a horrible, torturous part of our history. The fact that Douglas witnessed and wrote about this dreadful event, further persuades the reader to put an end to slavery once and for all.

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Douglass explains to the reader that by the use of the bible, the masters can justify slavery. Douglass uses a biblical allusion of the story of Ham, to explain to the reader that slavery is allowed. He uses logic to explain to his readers that the masters of the slaves thought they had purpose to have slaves, however they in fact were wrong.

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Douglass uses his ethical appeal in means to convince the audience that he was a slave, and his experiences promote his credibility. Douglass witnessed his fellow slaves sing the songs of sorrow and the crave for freedom. It wasn't until he broke free from being a slave that he realized the full purpose of them singing.

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The author encourages the reader to understand why slavery was justified by explaining, "Whether this prophecy is ever fulfilled or not, it is nevertheless plain that a very different-looking class of people are springing up at the south, and are now held in slavery, from those originally brought to this country from Africa; and if their increase will do no other good, it will do away the force of the argument, that God cursed Ham, and therefore American slavery is right "(Douglass 3).

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Douglass uses strong descriptive language to impact his readers: " I have often been awakened at the dawn of day by the most heart-rending shrieks of an own aunt of mine, whom he used to tie up to a joist, and whip upon her naked back till she was literally covered with blood. No words, no tears, no prayers, from his gory victim, seemed to move his iron heart from its bloody purpose. The louder she screamed, the harder he whipped; and where the blood ran fastest, there he whipped longest. He would whip her to make her scream, and whip her to make her hush; and not until overcome by fatigue, would he cease to swing the blood-clotted cowskin" (3).

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The author expresses his feelings by sharing, "I did not, when a slave, understand the deep meaning of those rude and apparently incoherent songs. I was myself within the circle; so that I neither saw nor heard as those without might see and hear. They told a tale of woe which was then altogether beyond my feeble comprehension; they were tones loud, long, and deep; they breathed the prayer and complaint of souls boiling over with bitterest anguish" (Douglass 8).

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the appeal to logic, means to convince an audience by use of logic or reason.

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the emotional appeal, means to persuade an audience by appealing to their emotions.

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the ethical appeal, means to convince an audience of the author’s credibility or character.