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This poster was also placed around many different large cities in the United States. It shows a luxury model that was available to middle class/upper class consumers. It was made of more expensive material and was designed to last longer. It was said to be the "Boss of the Road" because it had the best running engine on the market during that year. Many stated it was so simple to drive that even a 15-year-old boy could do it. This attracted people who preferred to walk because of the simplicity of the controls. I think this showed how hardworking Ford was. His main goals were to invent something revolutionary and be successful in life.

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This was used as a poster on many streets in large cities. It was designed to show the new and improved Ford Motor Company's automobile. The prices were lower on this model than years prior because of improvements to the design. This increased the number of Americans that owned one of Ford's cars. Thanks to the lower prices, even the lower income citizens could purchase a car within reason. Soon after, Ford designed luxury cars that became a worldwide phenomenon. I think that the wider range of car designs improved Ford's ability to control the car industry.

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Henry Ford started the Ford Motor Company in 1904 in Detroit, Michigan. Ford’s first claim to fame was when he invented the Quadricycle in 1896. It didn't sell at a high rate and actually, another company claims Ford didn't even make it. Ford Motor Company was the first to manufacture American-made vehicles though. Their most successful car was the Model-T but only the richest of the rich had the money to afford it. That was until 1913, five years after the introduction of the Model-T, Ford introduced the assembly line. This invention changed the time it took to produce a car from 12.5 hours to 1.5 hours. This decreased the selling price of the car, due to overproduction. Thus, more and more people purchased the Model-T and eventually, the common man could purchase the automobile without putting a “big whole” in his/her wallet. Today, Ford Motor Company is just referred to as Ford and it is one of the most well-known American-made automobile companies in the world. Thanks to Ford’s assembly line, today a Ford factory produces up to 16 new cars every 60 seconds. Ford Motor Company has changed the course of civilization for not only Americans, but other countries too. Ford set up their first overseas shop in Paris in 1908.

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Impact of Ford Motor on American Economy

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Impact of Ford Motor on American Economy

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Ford Motor Company had a positive effect on the American economy. The American economy gained a boost by the invention of cars. Slowly, more and more people were able to purchase a car and most owned Ford’s Model-T. The time of travel for Americans changed drastically thanks to the Model-T invention. Essentially, Ford decreased the size of the world by creating the automobile. Traveling across the country was made easier and the time getting to and from work was decreased drastically. Ford’s impact on the United States remains astounding due to the number or Ford automobiles that remain on the road. It is one of the bestselling American-made automobile companies in the world. Today, Ford Motor Company produces millions of vehicles every year. The influence of Ford is still felt in not only the automobile industry, but also any companies that utilizes the assembly line to increase production and decrease costs.

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This is a newspaper article that was issued during 1914. It was from the Detroit Journal and shows that Henry Ford gave his employees a grand total of $10,000,000. Ford was infamous for paying his employee high wages. He was most famous for giving his employees $5 a day. This total was roughly 5x more than the average employer paid. Following the day Ford announced his salary per employee, thousands of applicants came to Ford Motor Company to attempt to get a job. This increased production of vehicles which lead to a decrease in price per car. I think the publicity that Ford received from the media assisted Ford Motor Company in becoming the world leader in the automobile industry.

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This is a poster that was hung all over towns on September 22, 1920. This poster shows how the prices had to be reduced because Ford was losing money quickly. The assembly line allowed the Ford Motor Company to lower its prices. This made it possible for more of the general pubic to purchase the Model-T. By the late 1920s, over three quarters of the cars on roads were Ford Motor Company's Model-T. I think that without the invention of the assembly line, Ford would have inevitably failed.

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Henry Ford's Model-T was the most popular automobile that Ford Motor Company created. Thanks to Ford's new invention, the assembly line, the cost of the Model-T dropped drastically and made it possible for the common family to own a car.

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Contents

1. Henry Ford Invents the Model T Engine

2. Selling the Model T

3. A Publicity Stunt to the Top of a Scottish Mountain

4. Highland Park Assembles Model T's in Under 6 Hours

5. Origins of 'Tin Lizzie'

6. Anti-Semitic Newspaper Sold With Each Model T

7. Model T Ends, Model A Debuts

The Model T, sold by the Ford Motor Company from 1908 to 1927, was the earliest effort to make a car that most people could actually buy. Modern cars were first built in 1885 in Germany by Karl Benz, and the first American cars in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1893 by Charles and Frank Duryea. But just because they were available didn't mean that ordinary people could afford them.

The Model T was actually affordable and it became so popular at one point that a majority of Americans owned one, directly helping rural Americans become more connected with the rest of the country and leading to the numbered highway system. The manufacturing needs of the Model T went hand in hand with Ford's revolutionary modernization of the manufacturing process.

Henry Ford Invents the Model T Engine

By day he was chief engineer at Edison Illuminating Company of Detroit, but at night Henry Ford labored over a gasoline engine. He successfully tested one on Christmas Eve, 1893, with the help of his wife, Clara, taking a break from Christmas cooking. The engine worked for 30 seconds, long enough to confirm for Ford that he was on the right track.

Three years later, Ford developed the Quadcycle, a self-propelled vehicle. After two failed business ventures, the Ford Motor Company was born on June 16, 1903.

The production of the Model T was preceded by eight car models through which Ford developed various aspects that would eventually come together as the Model T.

Official Model T development began in January 1907, when Ford assembled a team comprised of engineer Childe Harold Wills, machinist C.J. Smith and draftsman Joseph Galamb in his small Detroit factory on Piquette Avenue.

Selling the Model T

Released on October 1, 1908, the Ford Model T was a self-starting vehicle with a left-sided steering wheel, featuring an enclosed four-cylinder engine with a detachable cylinder head and a one-piece cylinder block. Fashioned from vanadium alloy steel, it offered superior strength despite its light weight. It also featured a generous ground clearance that could take the worst roads, which made it particularly enticing to rural drivers. The Model T was the first Ford with all its parts built by the company itself.

Selling for $850, it was considered a reasonable value, though still slightly higher than the income of the average American worker. Ford's goal was to continue lowering prices.

After selling 10,607 Model Ts, Ford announced that the company would cease to sell the Model R or Model S cars, famously remarking that "Any customer can have a car painted any color that he wants so long as it is black."

A Publicity Stunt to the Top of a Scottish Mountain

Ford typically engineered publicity stunts to get his cars covered in British newspapers. In 1911, a Scottish car dealer proposed challenging his son Henry Alexander Jr. to drive a Model T to the summit of Ben Nevis in the Scottish Highlands, the highest mountain in the British Isles at 4,411 feet. The bet was that if he failed to reach the summit Alexander would lose his allowance.

Starting at nearby Fort William, the Model T drove over rocks, across bogs and through snow on a five-day journey. The car ascended to the summit using a zig-zag driving pattern.

After his descent, Alexander was greeted by a cheering crowd of hundreds, after which he made brake adjustments and drove the car back to his father's dealership in Edinburgh.

Following the publicity, over 14,000 Model Ts were sold in the UK. It was the last time Ford felt a publicity stunt was necessary to sell his cars there.

Highland Park Assembles Model T's in Under 6 Hours

By 1913, a new 60-acre factory was built in Highland Park to churn out Model Ts. At the time it was considered to be the biggest factory in the world, and the number of Ford employees more than doubled.

For this plant, Ford worked to improve the assembly line of the manufacturing process. On April 1 tests were run, an attempt to assemble a flywheel magneto for the Model T. This was the first moving assembly line ever, utilizing conveyor belts inspired by Chicago meatpacking plants.

Each aspect of assembly was transformed into moving assembly, which improved efficiency and cut manufacturing time. In six months the time to build a Model T was reduced from nine hours and fifty-four minutes for one motor to five hours and fifty-six minutes.

The factory was divided into sections, each assembling a single part of the car in an incremental building process. The Highland Park factory eventually featured 500 of these departments in its assembly line.

Origins of 'Tin Lizzie'

The nickname "Tin Lizzie" is often applied to the Model T, though its origin is unknown.

One tradition claims Lizzie was a generic name given to horses and was passed onto the Model T. Later, a San Antonio car dealer complained to the factory about ill-fitting doors on the car and asked if cars could be shipped without doors but include a tool kit for purchasers to cut their own, reminiscent of a tin can opener.

Another claim says that during a 1922 race at Pikes Peak, Colorado, participant Noel Bullock named his Model T "Old Liz," but its unkempt state made people compare it to a tin can, earning it the "Tin Lizzie" moniker. Unexpectedly, Bullock's car won and the nickname stuck to all Model Ts.

Anti-Semitic Newspaper Sold With Each Model T

Ford began to adopt anti-Semitic views and the Model T was used to spread them.

Ford's anti-Semitism was mainly expressed through the Dearborn Independent, which he purchased in 1919.

Also known as the Ford International Weekly, dealers were required to sell a subscription with each Model T, helping it reach a circulation topped only by the New York Post. Many dealers, unhappy with this arrangement, complained and tried to circumvent the policy.

The final Model T went down the assembly line on May 26, 1927. By December, the Dearborn Independent folded as well.

Model T Ends, Model A Debuts

Competition arose in the mid-1920s giving consumers about 10 times more choices of touring car models than a decade earlier. The Model T tried to compete, but sales dropped and it became considered old fashioned and was the frequent butt of popular jokes.

After much hesitation by Ford, it was announced in 1927 that Model Ts would no longer be manufactured. The new Ford called Model A debuted in December after having to scrap 40 thousand tools that could only be used to build Model Ts.

Sources

My Life and Work by Henry Ford, Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page & Co., 1922

I Invented the Modern Age: The Rise of Henry Ford, by Richard Snow, Scribner, May 2014

Why a Model T was driven to the top of Ben Nevis, by Steven McKenzie, BBC, May 17, 2018

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Model T: The First Car That Most People Could Afford to Buy

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The Model T, sold by the Ford Motor Company from 1908 to 1927, was the earliest effort to make a car that most people could actually buy. It became so popular at one point that a majority of Americans owned one, directly helping rural Americans become more connected with the rest of the country and leading to the numbered highway system.

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Timeline of Ford Motor Company (Website #4)

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Timeline of Ford Motor Company (Website #4)

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This website connects Ford Motor Company to today because it is a timeline that goes from the time Ford was introduced to today. This topic relates globally because Ford sells many cars overseas therefore the history of the company relates globally.

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Creation of the Ford Motor Co. Assembly Line (Website #3)

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Creation of the Ford Motor Co. Assembly Line (Website #3)

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Only the richest of the rich had the ability to purchase one of Henry Ford's cars due to the high expense. However, Ford designed the assembly that increased productivity of his workers and increase the supply of his Model-T automobile. Inevitably, the cost decreased which caused more and more people to purchase from Ford Motor Co. daily.

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For the first time, Henry Ford's entire Highland Park, Michigan automobile factory is run on a continuously moving assembly line when the chassis-the automobile's frame-is assembled using the revolutionary industrial technique. A motor and rope pulled the chassis past workers and parts on the factory floor, cutting the man-hours required to complete one "Model T" from 12-1/2 hours to six. Within a year, further assembly line improvements reduced the time required to 93 man-minutes. The staggering increase in productivity effected by Ford's use of the moving assembly line allowed him to drastically reduce the cost of the Model T, thereby accomplishing his dream of making the car affordable to ordinary consumers.

In introducing the Model T in October 1908, Henry Ford proclaimed, "I will build a motor car for the great multitude." Before then, the decade-old automobile industry generally marketed its vehicles to only the richest Americans, because of the high cost of producing the machines. Ford's Model T was the first automobile designed to serve the needs of middle-class citizens: It was durable, economical, and easy to operate and maintain. Still, with a debut price of $850, the Model T was out of the reach of most Americans. The Ford Motor Company understood that to lower unit cost it had to increase productivity. The method by which this was accomplished transformed industry forever.

Prototypes of the assembly line can be traced back to ancient times, but the immediate precursor of Ford's industrial technique was 19th-century meat-packing plants in Chicago and Cincinnati, where cows and hogs were slaughtered, dressed, and packed using overhead trolleys that took the meat from worker to worker. Inspired by the meat packers, the Ford Motor Company innovated new assembly line techniques and in early 1913 installed its first moving assembly line at Highland Park for the manufacture of flywheel magnetos. Instead of each worker assembling his own magneto, the assembly was divided into 29 operations performed by 29 men spaced along a moving belt. Average assembly time dropped from 20 minutes to 13 minutes and soon was down to five minutes.

With the success of the magneto experiment, Ford engineers put the Model T motor and then the transmission on moving assembly lines. On October 7, 1913, the chassis also went on the moving assembly line, so that all the major components of the Model T were being assembled using this technique. Ford rapidly improved its assembly lines, and by 1916 the price of the Model T had fallen to $360 and sales were more than triple their 1912 level. Eventually, the company produced one Model T every 24 seconds, and the price fell below $300. More than 15 million Model T's were built before it was discontinued in 1927, accounting for nearly half of all automobiles sold in the world to that date. The affordable Model T changed the landscape of America, hastening the move from rural to city life, and the moving assembly line spurred a new industrial revolution in factories around the world.

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Moving Assembly Line at Ford - Oct 07, 1913 - HISTORY.com

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For the first time, Henry Ford's entire Highland Park, Michigan automobile factory is run on a continuously moving assembly line when the chassis-the automobile's frame-is assembled using the revolutionary industrial technique. A motor and rope pulled the chassis past workers and parts on the factory floor, cutting the man-hours required to complete one "Model T" from 12-1/2 hours to six.

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This primary source is a photograph captured in 1924 that shows an assembly line in a Ford Manufacturing Factory. As you can see, there is a flat, moving conveyor belt that goes through the whole factory. Each person has their own station and when a part gets to them they have to do their part in order to make the process go along faster. This increased productivity which led to a decrease in price. Also, due to the assembly line, prices were said to be half as much as previously and they made nearly twice as many cars per day.  The lower prices attracted more customers and allowed Ford Motor Company to succeed. I think assembly lines were necessary for the success of Ford and without it, cars would have been outstandingly expensive and unrealistic to purchase and maintain.

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patent: the official legal right to make or sell an invention for a particular number of years

spur: to encourage an activity or development or make it happen faster

jarring: causing a physical shock, jolt, or vibration.

acetylene: a colorless pungent-smelling hydrocarbon gas, which burns with a bright flame, used in welding and formerly in lighting.

chassis: the frame, wheels, and machinery of a motor vehicle, on which the body is supported.

deficiencies: the state of being deficient; lack; incompleteness; insufficiency

relinquish: voluntarily cease to keep or claim; give up.

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Crisis' in the Ford Motor Company during the 1920s (Website #1)

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Crisis' in the Ford Motor Company during the 1920s (Website #1)

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This website is a good source because it gives us information about what the Ford Motor Company was like during the 1920s and the challenges it went through. For example, Fords first reaction to some of the challenges was to cut prices down, however this caused his sales to plummet dramatically. With that being said, Ford had to have a rummage sale to try and gain back all the money he lost.

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100 Years of the Moving Assembly Line in 100 Seconds

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In celebration of the 100th anniversary of the moving assembly line on October 7, 1913, Ford Motor Company spends 100 seconds to showcase the top manufacturing innovations that have kept the line moving into the future.

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HD Historic Stock Footage FORD MODEL T ASSEMBLY

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Uploaded by Alex Peterson on 2016-12-07.