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A thriller noir, directed by Orson Welles

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In 1940, Hitchcock's Rebecca won awards for 'Best Picture' and 'Best Cinematography'.

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Freaks, directed by Tod Browning, was unpopular due to being noted 'controversial', so much so, that it was banned from the UK ofr 30 years. Harrison's Reports wrote that "Any one who considers this entertainment should be placed in the pathological ward in some hospital." The Hollywood Reporter called it an "outrageous onslaught upon the feelings, the senses, the brains and the stomachs of an audience."

The film however, is also said to be aesthetically significant.

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(Known in Hungary as Imre József Pressburger) was a Hungarian Jew who worked as a journalist in Hungary and Germany while working on films  UFA in Berlin and Paris before the Second World War, finding sacntuary in London as a non-English speaking screenwriter. He taught himself not only the language but also the technique of understading the people. With the help of the introduction of friends, Pressburger met Michael Powell, and together, they went onto producing some of the  complex films of the 1940s and 1950s under the banner of "The Archers" .

Emeric Pressburger died in 1988.

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Joining Rex Ingram in 1925, he made Mare Nostrum in 1926. He climbed the 'director ladder' by producing a series of 'quota quickies' (short films  made to fulfil agreements between Britain & America in between the wars).

He later teamed up with  émigré Hungarian Jew Emeric Pressburger, producing a series of films between  1939 and 1959 under the banner of "The Archers".

Powell later went onto producing Peeping Tom (1960) which was so hated by critics, he was not able to find work in the UK until he was re-discovered in the late 1960s by Francis Ford Coppola and Martin Scorsese who tried to set up joint projects with him.

Michael Powell died in 1990.

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Saville had served in World War one, experienced injury and thus was invalided in 1915. He began to work as manager for a small theatre in Coventry throughout evenings. In the daytime, however, he was employed in a film distribution office.  Continuing this, from 1917, Saville worked in the Features and Newsreels Department of the Pathé organisation- London.

In 1919, Saville co-founded (with Michael Balcon) Victory Pictures, producing feature films for  Gaumont (a film company). Later, under his own production company name, Burlingotn Film, he produced The Arcadians (1927).

Again, later in 1936, Saville set up a company, under his own name (Victor Saville Productions) along with the notable screenwriter, Ian Dalrymple as his partner.

South Riding (1938) was produced for Alexander Korda at Denham Studios and is considered to be Saville's best films.

Saville moved to Hollywood in 1939 as a producer, however created another A-grade film known as Green Dolphin Street(1947).

Victor Saville died in 1979.

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Walter Forde began his carear as a screenwriter, however, he became an actor in 1920 as part of a series of two-reel comedies he wrote himself. Spending some time in Hollywood, Forde returend to England in 1925, to Gainsborough to begin working as a director. Soon, Forde impressed the studio and they handed him a list of 'A list' projects to begin work on.He produced works such as The Ghost Train (1931) and The Ringer (1931), which were all well received by critics. The majority of Forde's films were comedies, however, he contributed to the thriller genre often. Unfortunately, the war had removed some of Forde's motivation and thus his post-war films did not live up to his pre-war releases.

His last film was made in 1949, many years before his death in 1987.

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As a result of Hitchcock's success in creating these thrillers, more and more directors began releasing thrillers between the above period. These directors included Walter Forde, Victor Saville, and Michael Powell.

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Blackmail, also directed by Hitchcock, was the first thriller film with dialogue. Although HItchcock initially intended this film to be a silent film (and the silent version was deemed far superior by the audiences), the film was later awarded the 'Best British Movie' award in 1929.

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Hitchcock is considered to be the 'Master of suspence'. He first joined the film industry in around 1920, drawing up film sets. His career as a director took off when the director of Always tell your wife (1923) fell ill and Hitchcock became the director to finish the film. He then directed The Pleasure Garden (1925), making his first trademark film called The Lodger(1927). The same year, he married his first co-director, Alma Reville on the 2nd December, having a daughter the following year on the 7th July. The Lady Vanishes (1938) and Jamaica Inn (1939). When Hitchcock's family moved to Hollywood in 1940, the producer David O.  Selznick hired him to direct an adaptation of  Daphne du Maurier's Rebecca (1940). Another film was created in 1942 called Saboteur. Soon, directors began referring to Hitchcock's films as 'Alfred Hitchcock's film'.

Alfred had began writing a screenplay for The short Night with Ernest Lehman and however, Hitchcock fire him and hired a young writer, David Freeman to rewrite the script. Hitchocock's failing health meant that the film was never finished. Freeman published the screenplay shortly after his death in 1980.

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The Lodger, a silent film created by Alfred Hitchcock is considered to be the first successful thriller made.

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Nosferatu, by F.W. Murnau was one of the first iconic thrillers to emerge. It was a silent movie based on Dracula and expressionism as well as an example of Germany's financial struggles after the war. At the time, expressionism films required the use of simple sets as a result of financial struggles remaining from the war. Realistic sets were created using shadows, angles and perspectives.

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I have made a post previously about the conventions of a thriller therefore I won't bore with repeating the information, however, I am going to look into the history of the genre more specifically.

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Here I made a mind-map of the research I did about Thrillers before I begin researching the thrillers' opening sequences. I used a website called bubbl.us and the mind map I made is below.

Below, I have also provided notes on my research for opening sequence conventions:

*Thriller opening sequence conventions almost always contain a 'dip' into action. This is not usually fast paced, but the audience quickly gains a quick idea of the narrative enigma. An example of a real text is Drive by Nicolas Winding Refn (2011) where characters in cars are introduced. They appear to be thinking and the audience presumes that they have a destination to get to.

-Sometimes, this convention is specifically broken when the characters appear to be performing daily, routine tasks, however, the enigma created, strikes a an anxiety of posing threats to the characters involved. An example is in Split by M. Night Shyamalan (2017) where the film opens with a father finishing up his daughter's birthday party (this is soon turned into action where his daughter and her friends are abducted).

*The audience will also gain an introduction of characters and it is likely that they will meet or hear of the antagonistic character(s) in the first three minutes of the film. This helps form representations and encourages the audience to begin thinking about the nature of the characters. We can find an example in Jack Reacher by Christopher McQuarrie (2012) where a character (with conventionally mysterious/ suspicious props such as a firearm, sun glasses and latex gloves) is introduced.

*A dilemma or mystery is usually introduced which sets up the narrative of the film; this helps create enigma and immediately encourages the audience to form interpretations of the situation taking place. An example can be found in Fargo by the Coenn brothers (1996) where an obvious deal is being made.

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Here I made a mind-map of the research I did about Thrillers before I begin researching the thrillers' opening sequences. I used a website called bubbl.us and the mind map I made is below. Below, I have also provided notes on my research for opening sequence conventions: *Thriller opening sequence conventions almost always contain a 'dip' into action.