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Dark Room guidelines-Wear closed toed shoes when working in the darkrooms and film processing rooms-no sharing of print developer trays-always use tongs when moving prints from one solution to the next-do not use hands with any of the chemicals(always use tongs)- do not poke prints with tongs-always keep prints face-up with the exception of the final wash- never wash individual prints by themselves ( always in groups of 25 or more)-when reviewing prints in while light areas, always use a tray and insure all water is drained from the tray. "Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher |

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Enlarger-Use a lamp when using the enlarger but do not leave it on when not in use because it can cause the negative to buckle in the negative carrier problems with image sharpness. Always release the enlarger lock when raising or klowering because it can stripp the gears and affect the overall sharpness of the enlargement. Make sure the head is not in the up position after inserting or removing the carrier because if it is left up the light will scatter throughout the darkroom and damage unfixed prints. "Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher

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O’Sullivan’s documentary project using dark rooms was record making and had pictures of the Civil War. It is stated that he guided awareness of and respect for time and learned great patience. Matthew B. Brady was also famous for using darkrooms during the war times. They would travel in wagons or ambulances fit for their use of a dark room. Brady was famous for making the idea of photography a reality. American Studies @ The University of Virginia. N.

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Developer-chemical solution that converts the latent image in the exposed film to an invisible image

Stop bath-chemical solutions that stop the development of the print

Fixer-Chemical solution (thiosodium sulfate or ammonium thiosulfate) that makes a photographic image insensitive to light. Fixer is also called Hypo and it dissolves unexposed silver halide crystals while leaving the developed silver image

Dry- either with a print dryer or print drying screens, which are more archival.
"Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher |. N.p., 28 Feb. 2010. Web. 15 Dec. 2016.

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This is used to decrease the density or lighten a specific area of a print by giving it less exposure to the light. Dodging is done during the main exposure and is usually used to brighten specific areas of an image to reveal more description and detail. Using a dodging tool is useful over a range of approximately 5-15% of the main exposure.
"Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher |. N.p., 28 Feb. 2010. Web. 15 Dec. 2016.

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To increase the density or darkness of a specific area of a print by giving it additional exposure. Burning is done after the main exposure and usually to darken specific areas of an image taken like highlighted areas. Using the burning tools, the technique is useful over a range of approximately 20-400% of the main exposure.
"Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher |. N.p., 28 Feb. 2010. Web. 15 Dec. 2016.

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Like film, printing paper is coated with an emulsion containing light-sensitive compounds. The negative is a reversal of the tones in the original scene. In order to create a positive within a photographic analog environment, a darkroom is necessary, including an enlarger, easel, safelights and processing trays. Unlike film developing, printing photographic enlargements can be done under dim amber safelights. "Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher

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Taking photographs of war was nearly impossible. Even is a photographer could get close enough to the war to get a picture, it would turn out as a blur. The size of the portable operation also made close candid shots difficult. Pictures of war were taken after it was done, often of battle fields while they were cleaning up because it cannot take a picture of things while they are moving. We mostly have pictures of after war conditions and portraits of important people during that time or people that had enough money to buy those pictures because it took nearly 12 minutes to take one photo with the technology that they had. This is also why many did not smile while getting their portraits/pictures taken-it was hard to smile for that long and the smallest changes or movements would result in a blur.
American Studies @ The University of Virginia. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2016.

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He was born on April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy. He studies the laws of science and nature, which greatly informed his work as a painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, military engineer and draftsman. His ideas and pieces of artwork that include “Virgin of the Rocks,” “The Last Supper” and “Mona Lisa” have influenced countless artists and made da Vinci a leading light of the Italian Renaissance.
"Leonardo Da Vinci." Biography.com. A&E Networks Television, 17 Nov. 2015. Web. 17 Dec. 2016.

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It is well known as the photographic process used at the time called the wet plate process. Photographers used a glass plate with negatives which were coated with chemicals in order to make them sensitive to light. The chemicals had to be wet for the whole time of exposure which made it necessary for photographers to travel with dark rooms. Then they would chemically treat his glass plate negative, rush it to the camera, expose it to the light and then rush it back to the darkroom to be developed.The photographer might expose the plate for thirty seconds. Any movement at all during that time will turn up as a blur.

American Studies @ The University of Virginia. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2016.

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The dark room is a dark room or dark walls/box that you can see the image from a small hole that light shines in from the outside and enters an inverted image onto the opposite wall through the hole so that you can then sketch or look at the image that is being projected.  "Black and White Photography - Darkroom Layout & Equipment."

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Camera Obscura was the name in latin for dark room. Leonardo da Vinci put the word of camera obscura as his writing record in the 14th century. After Louis Daguerre invented the daguerreotype process and it developed to the darkroom as worked in the tent or darkroom to develop the film and papers processing in the 18th century.  "History of Darkroom." History of Darkroom Darkroom History.

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Enlarger

Negative carrier

Adjustable easel

Grain focuser

Process trays

Tongs

Timer

Print washer

Print drying screens

"Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher |. N.p., 28 Feb. 2010. Web. 15 Dec. 2016.

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A darkroom is typically divided into two separate sections which is a dry side and a wet side. The dry side contains the enlarger and the wet side contains the paper processing chemistry located in a sink. It is very important not to contaminate each area to insure the proper handling of materials.
"Printing Photographs in the Darkroom." A Photo Teacher |. N.p., 28 Feb. 2010. Web. 15 Dec. 2016.