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This describes 3 of the nutrient cycles, Water, Carbon, & Nitrogen.

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Organisms create energy from intake of food. This is shown in the model below, say 100 kilocalories are ingested, 50 of those would go to feces, which is a loss of energy. 15 kcals would go to growth of the organism. Then, 35 of the kcals would go to cellular respiration which is when the consumer takes in sugars and converts that into energy.

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Heat is also known as the energy lost after an organism has burned calories. The calories and energy are lost and therefore cannot be used by predators who consume the organism.

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Biomass relates to all organisms and is the measure of mass of organisms in a given area.

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Primary productivity is the rate at which energy is converted by photosynthetic organisms in an environment, such as plants, shrubs, bushes, and flowers, to organic substances. The total amount of productivity in a region or system is gross primary productivity. This number can be affected by the contribution to global production.

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All consumers use cell respiration, they take in the oxygen produced by plants by taking in sugars and converting that into carbon dioxide and water. This is how consumers receive energy from plants.

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Fungi is a decomposer found in the rain forest. It uses energy from dead organisms to survive but it returns the nutrients to the ecosystem for other organisms to use.

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Producers always have the most energy because energy decreases as it travels higher through the trophic levels because energy is being used at each trophic level. As you move up the pyramid each level gets 10% of the energy that the previous level got.

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The producers of the rain forest, trees, shrubs, grass, and flowers for example, take the energy they have created through photosynthesis and pass it onto whatever organism that eats them, also known as the consumer.

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Energy begins with the sun. Plants use the sun to photosynthesize in order to make chemical energy for themselves. This idea is shown in the "Food Web" image.

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Primary consumers are animals that eat primary producers; they are also called herbivores. Secondary Consumers eat primary consumers. They are carnivores and omnivores.