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A case where the Supreme Court decided that "separate but equal", a concept established in Plessy v. Ferguson, was not really applicable when it came to public school and that separate educational facilities were "inherently unequal".

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A case where the Supreme Court decided that school sponsored nondenominational prayer violated the establishment clause

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Were a part of the Jim Crow laws. Blacks couldn't afford to pay the poll tax and therefore wouldn't be able to vote; taking away their right to vote without really taking it away; eliminated with in 1964

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Actions that purposely convey a message

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Means that law enforcement has a reasonable cause to think that you may need to be searched or to press a charge against you

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Any law that makes a distinction between people based on things like race will be judged by the Supreme Court

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You cannot be charged for the same crime twice

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Grants each citizen fair treatment in court

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Prohibits the establishment of a religion by Congress

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Prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in court

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A slave who lived with his owner in a free state before coming to Missouri and argued that his previous stay in the free state granted him emancipation. Court ruled that no black, free or slave, could claim citizenship and therefore couldn't petition the court for freedom

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Congress can't promote one religion or prohibit others

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For example, you can discriminate as long as it's rational and doesn't become illegal.

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Supreme Court ruled that states are required to provide an attorney for those who cannot afford one

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Supreme Court upheld the state segregation laws and decided that public facilities would be "seperate but equal"

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Supreme Court ruled that states could not regulate any aspect of abortion performed in the first trimester of pregnancy

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Laws in the south enforcing segregation in almost all areas of daily life like bathrooms, drinking fountains, public transportation, etc..

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Used to deny suffrage to slaves, because they knew that they didn't know how to read or write

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What was once thought, by me, to be a court case where the map from "Dora the Explora" took on and fought every single citizen in the state of Ohio, is actually a court case where they it was found that evidence, illegally obtained, cannot be used in court i.e. the 4th amendment.

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Part of the 14th amendment; grants equal protection

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Speech directed at overthrowing the government

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Slander is spoken defamatory statements and libel is written defamatory statements

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Free from discrimination in states and equal protection of the law

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Protected from excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment

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Right to jury in civil cases

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Right to a lawyer, to be informed of charges, be present when witnesses speak in court, and to call defense witnesses

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Right to grand jury indictment, no double jeopardy, you don't have to testify against yourself, and due process of law

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Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures

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Right to Bear Arms

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Freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition