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Description (2-3 sentences)

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Korean War, conflict between Communist and non-Communist forces in Korea from June 25, 1950, to July 27, 1953. At the end of World War II, Korea was divided at the 38th parallel into Soviet (North Korean) and U.S. (South Korean) zones of occupation.

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The History: Korean War │ Full Documentary │

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The History Korean War │ Full Documentary │ documentaries,

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National Geographic the Korean War Documentary

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the Korean War and all the battles http://youtu.be/gXTayCKlHBM

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Korean War Memorial D.C.
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Korean War Memorial D.C.
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Australia's Involvement

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World War II divided Korea into a Communist, northern half and an American-occupied southern half, divided at the 38th parallel. The Korean War (1950-1953) began when the North Korean Communist army crossed the 38th Parallel and invaded non-Communist South Korea. As Kim Il-sung's North Korean army, armed with Soviet tanks, quickly overran South Korea, the United States came to South Korea's aid. General Douglas MacArthur, who had been overseeing the post-WWII occupation of Japan, commanded the US forces which now began to hold off the North Koreans at Pusan, at the southernmost tip of Korea. Although Korea was not strategically essential to the United States, the political environment at this stage of the Cold War was such that policymakers did not want to appear "soft on Communism." Nominally, the US intervened as part of a "police action" run by a UN (United Nations) international peace- keeping force; in actuality, the UN was simply being manipulated by US and NATO anti-Communist interests.

With the US, UN, and South Korean (ROK) forces pinned against the sea at Pusan, MacArthur orchestrated a daring amphibious assault on Inchon, a port on the western coast of Korea. Having made this landing, MacArthur crushed the North Korean army in a pincer movement and recaptured Seoul, the capital of South Korea. Instead of being satisfied with his rapid reconquest of South Korea, MacArthur crossed the 38TH Parallel and pursued the North Korean army all the way to the northernmost provinces of North Korea. Afraid that the US was interested in taking North Korea as a base for operations against Manchuria, the People's Republic of China secretly sent an army across the Yalu River. This Chinese army attacked the US/UN/ROK forces. Only after the appointment of Lt. General Matthew Ridgway as commander of ground forces did American morale improve and the initiative begin to swing against the Chinese Communists.

Although President Truman hoped to end the war quickly and pressed MacArthur to be more tactful, the brilliant strategist went against presidential orders and continued spouting incendiary lines about his hopes to reunify Korea. After gaining the support of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), Truman relieved MacArthur of command. The move was extremely unpopular in America; MacArthur was perceived as a popular war hero. Only the support of the JCS saved Truman from impeachment after the firing.

Ridgway took MacArthur's command and held off the Communists with strong fortifications and entrenchments just north of the 38TH Parallel, sending occasional offensives against the Iron Triangle, the Communists staging area for attacks into South Korea. Peace negotiations dragged on at Kaesong, then moved and continued to drag at Panmunjom through 1951 and 1952. The US tried using strategic bombing to intimidate the Communists into negotiating a peace treaty, but they wouldn't budge, particularly on the issue of POW (Prisoner of War) repatriation. Neither side wanted to appear weak, and so the talks went on, occasionally breaking down for months. Only after Eisenhower, who was a war hero and was unafraid of Republican criticism (since he himself was a Republican), became President, could the US make substantial concessions to the Communists. In 1953 a peace treaty was signed at Panmunjom that ended the Korean War, returning Korea to a divided status essentially the same as before the war. Neither the war nor its outcome did much to lessen the era's Cold War tension.

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1. What party did President Truman belong to?

Independent

Republican

Democrat

Bull-Moose

2. What party did MacArthur belong to?

Republican

Democrat

Bull-Moose

Independent

3. What party did Eisenhower belong to?

Democrat

Bull-Moose

Republican

Independent

4. What is the capital of North Korea?

Seoul

Pusan

Inchon

Pyongyang

5. What is the capital of South Korea?

Pyongyang

Inchon

Seoul

Pusan

6. Where did MacArthur make his famous amphibious assault?

Pusan

Inchon

Kaesong

Panmunjom

7. Who was the leader of North Korea?

Syngman Rhee

Peh Teh-haui

Kim Il-sung

Ho Chi Minh

8. Who was the leader of South Korea?

Syngman Rhee

Peng Teh-haui

Mao Zedong

Kim Il-Sung

9. Which general replaced MacArthur after Truman dismissed him in 1951?

Maxwell Taylor

James Van Fleet

Matthew Ridgway

Walton Walker

10. This Commander of the Eighth Army died in a car accident in Korea.

Maxwell Taylor

Matthew Ridgway

James Van Fleet

Walton Walker

11. The Parallel dividing North from South Korea is:

36

37

38

39

12. Which group unanimously backed Truman's dismissal of MacArthur?

JCS

NSC

CIA

TCP/IP

13. This document contained the flawed reasoning that suggested that the US should cross the 38th Parallel into North Korea.

NSC-68

NSC-95/1

NSC-81/1

NSC-69

14. Where did Truman meet with his top advisors during 1950?

White House

State Department

House of Representatives

Blair House

15. Who was Truman's secretary of state?

John Foster Dulles

Cyrus Vance

Dean Acheson

Dean Rusk

16. What valuable territory lay to the north of Korea's Yalu river?

Shantung

Manchuria

Peking

Formosa

17. To which island did the Chinese Nationalists flee after being defeated by Mao and the Chinese Communists?

Japan

England

Formosa

Oahu

18. What kind of Soviet tanks did the North Koreans use?

T-34

T-35

T-36

T-37

19. MacArthur and Truman met on this island to discuss policy.

Oahu

Japan

Wake Island

The Isle of Man

20. What mistakes were US policymakers afraid of making again if they allowed the Korean invasion to go unchecked?

Lebensraum

Social Darwinism

Tautology

Appeasement

21. The ROK (South Korean) forces were pushed back to which major South Korean port at the beginning of the war?

Inchon

Seoul

Pusan

Kaesong

22. It was at this former capital of ancient Korea that negotiations to end the war began.

Kaesong

Inchon

Panmunjom

Pyongyang

23. The final treaty ending the Korean War was signed where?

Inchon

Paris

Panmunjom

Kaesong

24. Much of the slowdown in negotiations occurred as a result of what issue?

Border Problem

Chemical and Biological Weapons

Brainwashing

POW Repatriation

25. What did the UN class the North Korean invasion as?

aggression

civil war

breach of peace

violation of neutrality

26. Which one of the following figures was not obsessed with a unified Korea?

Douglas MacArthur

Matthew Ridgway

Syngman Rhee

Kim Il-sung

27. Who was the American ambassador to South Korea

Dean Acheson

Dean Rusk

John Muccio

Robert MacNamara

28. Which one of the following was not a potential problem at the Inchon landing?

snow

timing

tides

typhoons

29. Who led the Chinese nationalists on Formosa?

Mao Zedong

Peng Teh-huai

Chiang Kai-shek

Zhou Enlai

30. The Treaty of Portsmouth in 1905 ended which war?

Franco-Prussian

Sino-Japanese

Franco-Russo

Russo-Japanese

31. Who mediated the Treaty of Portsmouth?

Kim Il-sung

Harry Truman

Teddy Roosevelt

Dean Acheson

32. What was the name of the Japanese force that occupied Manchuria during the 1930s and World War II?

Kwantung Army

Shinto Army

The Kamikazes

Tampopo Legionnaires

33. Who did the Koreans hate most after World War II?

US

USSR

Japan

China

34. Which general improved conditions in MASH hospitals?

Douglas MacArthur

Maxwell Taylor

James Van Fleet

Matthew Ridgway

35. What was the name of MacArthur's marines used at Inchon?

Eighth Army

V Corps

X Corps

24th Brigade

36. What kind of power was North Korea famous for?

nuclear

hydroelectric

coal

solar

37. Who lead the PRC troops in Korea?

Mao Zedong

Zhou Enlai

Peng Teh-huai

Deng Xiaopeng

38. Which general was extremely egotistical and possibly manic-depressive?

MacArthur

Ridgway

Taylor

Van Fleet

39. Who did Eisenhower run against in the 1952 Presidential election?

Harry Truman

Robert MacNamara

Adlai Stevenson

John Foster Dulles

40. Who was Eisenhower's secretary of state?

Acheson

Rusk

Kissinger

Dulles

41. Who developed the hydrogen bomb first?

USSR

PRC

US

ROK

42. US policymakers feared Korea might be Stalin's "dress-rehearsal" for an invasion of?

West Germany

Formosa

Quemoy

The US

43. What kind of war did Truman hope to pursue in Korea?

Total War

War of Attrition

Limited War

War of Vengeance

44. What condition did the Panmunjom treaty return Korea to?

post hoc ergo propter hoc

argumentum ad hominem

ignoratio elenchii

status quo ante bellum

45. MacArthur disliked Truman because Truman gave priority to which Cold War theater?

Asia

South America

Europe

Australia

46. In 1988, the Olympics were held in which city?

Pyongyang

Seoul

Kaesong

Inchon

47. In Operation Piledriver, which crucial Communist staging area did Ridgway target?

The Golden Circle

The Steel Parallelogram

The Iron Triangle

The Brass Square

48. Who was the Soviet ambassador to North Korea?

Terenty Shtykov

Mikhail Gorbachev

Andrei Gromyko

Iakov Malik

49. Which word most accurately describes Rhee's regime in South Korea?

Democratic

Communist

Dictatorial

Liberal

50. The largest US/UN/ROK prison camp for captured Communist soldiers was where?

Inchon

Seoul

Quemoy

Koje Island