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Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940)

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Minersville School District v. Gobitis (1940)

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Issue: Pennsylvania law required students to salute the flag; it would go against his religion, free exercise clause

Decision: Court ruled against him but it was reversed three years later in a similar case

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Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah (1993)

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Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah (1993)

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Issue: 4 FL cities pass laws to ban animal sacrifice; targeted at Santeria religion, which employs animal sacrifice in prayer

Decision: Court decided the laws were unconstitutional

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Issue: State law requiring school attendance for all 14 to 16 yr/old's

Decision: Court ruled the Amish adolescents would be exempt because it goes against their religion.

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Issue: States couldn't require special permits for religious solicitation when they weren't required for non-religious solicitation

Decision: The Court began applying the Free Exercise Clause to the states & recognized an absolute freedom of belief

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Decision:

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Van Orden v. Perry and McCreary County v. ACLU (2005)

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Van Orden v. Perry and McCreary County v. ACLU (2005)

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Issue: Respondents state that Ten Commandments monument violates the Establishment Clause

Decision: The judgement was affirmed

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Issue: Respondent member of the Nebraska Legislature brought an action in Federal District Court, claiming that the legislature's chaplaincy practice violates the Establishment Clause

Decision: The Court decided the practice did not violate the Establishment Clause

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Issue: City annually erects display in public park owned by a non-profit organization; respondents claims that it violates the Establishment Clause

Decision: The Court decided the banner was based on Christmas, and not the religion. Therefore, it didn't violate the Establishment Clause

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Issue: Pennsylvania law reimbursing religious schools for textbooks & teacher salaries

Decision: doesn't violate Constitution if:

1. primary secular purpose

2. secular principle effect

3. gov & religion are not entangled

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Issue: Arkansas law prohibits teaching of Evolution

Decision: Ruled unconstitutional; b/c based on "fundamentalist sectarian conviction" & violated the Establishment Clause

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Good News Club v. Milford Central School (2001)

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Good News Club v. Milford Central School (2001)

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Issue: Schools wouldn't allow religious clubs to meet on school grounds after school; violates Establishment Clause

Decision: Court decided allowing them to meet did not violate the Establishment Clause

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Issue: NY law required a state-composed prayer to begin the school days.

Decision: Declared unconstitutional; violate of the Establishment Clause

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Decision:

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Issue: NJ reimbursing parents of parochial & private school students for the costs of busing their children.

Decision: Applied the Establishment Clause to the actions of state government; upheld because assistance went to child, not the Church

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