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"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."

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-The US government is not allowed to stop or interfere with citizens gathering peacefully, practicing a religion, the press printing new ideas,  promoting an idea, or protesting against the government if they disagree.

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"A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

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-The US government is not allowed to take away people's ability to own a gun, to maintain a military and feel secure.

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"No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law."

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-The US government protects the right of people to refuse to let soldiers reside in their homes during war or peace times, unless law changes to require it.

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"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things ..."

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-The US government states that law enforcement or officials have no right to enter and search one's house, and search their belongings, without proper reason or a good cause.

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"No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation."

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-Every person accused of a crime is presumed innocent by the US government until given proper trial to prove guilt, as well as losing personal rights or objects during or after conviction of the crime and the trial itself.

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"In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence."

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-This amendment is the Us government's guaranteeing the right to a speedy trial, with a lawyer, as well as an unbiased court setting and the right to know what or who is being used against you in trial.

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" In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise reexamined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law."

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-This amendment is in regards lawsuits, and how they must equate to be at least 20 dollars, and once gone through process, it cannot be overturned or taken to trial again.

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"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.”

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-This means that this amendment protects citizens from unfair or unreasonable punishment or time in jail, or fines that are irrational and do not fit the crime. 

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"The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people."

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-Congress means that the rights of the people belong only to the people, not the government, and are not limited to just the ones listed. 

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"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people."

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-Congress says that the government only has certain powers granted by only the Constitution, and has no power over states on some things. 

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"The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State."

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-This amendment prevents individuals from suing and bringing federal lawsuits against the state.

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"he electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same state with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President, and they shall make distinct lists of all persons voted for as President, and of all persons voted for as Vice-President, and of the number of votes for each, which lists they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the seat of the government of the United States, directed to the President of the Senate;--The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and House of Representatives, open all the certificates and the votes shall then be counted;--the person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing the President, the votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the states, and a majority of all the states shall be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next following, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in the case of the death or other constitutional disability of the President. The person having the greatest number of votes as Vice-President, shall be the Vice-President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed, and if no person have a majority, then from the two highest numbers on the list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of two-thirds of the whole number of Senators, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States."

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-The 12th amendment provides instructions for Congress on how to elect a president. It provides how

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“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”

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-Congress formally abolishing slavery and making it illegal.

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"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."

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-Congress granted equal and full protection of all citizens in the US, whether natural-born or naturalized.

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"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."

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-Discrimination based on gender, race, etc. is not legally allowed nor tolerated by Congress.

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"The Congress shall have the power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration."

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-This allows the federal government to tax all of its citizens on their income

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"The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures."

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-Congress must have two senators representing each state, and the term information and qualifications of each senator are presented.

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"After one year from the ratification of this article the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited."

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-Congress making the manufacture and selling of alcohol illegal in the US.

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"The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex."

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-Congress cannot withhold a citizens' ability to vote based on gender

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"The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then begin."

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-This amendment was created by Congress to lay out definite dates of which terms served in the elected government end.

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"The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby repealed."

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-This was Congress repealing the past amendment prohibiting alcohol.

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"No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice, and no person who has held the office of President, or acted as President, for more than two years of a term to which some other person was elected President shall be elected to the office of the President more than once."

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-Congress outlines the limitations of a president, and how they can only serve a maximum of two, 4-year terms in their lifetime.

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"The District constituting the seat of Government of the United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress may direct:

A number of electors of President and Vice President equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives in Congress to which the District would be entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the least populous State; they shall be in addition to those appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, to be electors appointed by a State; and they shall meet in the District and perform such duties as provided by the twelfth article of amendment.
"

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-This amendment by Congress allows for voting rights of citizens who reside in the District of Colombia

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"The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax."

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-Congress passed this to show that a person's right to vote could not be taken away by any type of tax owed.

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"In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President."

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-According to Congress, if a president is unable to or removed from their office, the vice president will take over.

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"The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age."

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-Under Congress's amendment, a person's right to vote will not be taken if they are eighteen years old or older.

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"No law, varying the compensation for the services of the Senators and Representatives, shall take effect, until an election of Representatives shall have intervened."

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-Congress passed this amendment to limit and prevent members of government from having the power to pass laws that increase their salaries.