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Mohandas Gandhi was one of the first people to make India independent in 1947. He started to use cotton as a symbol of power against British rule, encouraging many people in Indians to spin their own cloth. Which means that he told people to be strong and self - reliant.

Gandhi as a Hindu, he tired to make India not separate into two different countries (India and Pakistan). He wanted everyone who lived in India to be peacefully and he wanted all faith's to live among each other.

Gandhi did many things to make India independent which almost took 30 years:

Satyagraha: This is were he didn't use violence

Boycotts: The British would use Mercantilism which is a way to make a lot of money in short period of time. They would resell things like cloths, sugar and etc. Gandhi told his people to not buy British goods.

Protests

He did many other things, which eventually lead to the independences of India

Source

Power Point: India Social studies

https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=de75cc5897ef0216&rlz=1C1VDKB_enCA1131CA1131&sxsrf=AHTn8zr3fKNVC9T-ZhKL8SeBBawGWkwpIA:1743126122248&q=what+kind+of+things+did+gandhi+do+to+make+indian+independence&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiA0cLq0quMAxUHDTQIHSjIJAcQBSgAegQIDhAB&biw=1920&bih=945

https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=618eb12c7c97926b&rlz=1C1GCEA_enCA1147CA1147&q=Gandhi+as+a+Hindu,+he+tried+to+make+India+not+separate+into+two+different+countries(India+and+Pakistan).&spell=1&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjeoIGjma2MAxX8OjQIHWYmK-8QBSgAegQIEBAB&biw=1517&bih=703&dpr=0.9

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1930 - The idea for Muslims to get a whole country just for themselves

1935 - Great Britain policies granted more independence to Indians. Muslim people started to worry that their religion was about to be a minority

1944 - 1946 - Hindu leaders fail to convince Jinnah to keep India together and in August 1946 Hindus and Muslims were in a fight. Five thousand people died.

In these first sixteen years, Muslims were trying to separate India into two different sections. The British was also giving Independents to India.

Source

Social Studies Booklet

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The Indian Independence Act, passed by the British Parliament on July 18, 1947, declared India as a independent country. Many Muslims were sacred that their religion would become a minority, since India is a Hindu dominated country. India separated into two nations: India and Pakistan, with Pakistan further dividing into West Pakistan and East Pakistan. One of the key leaders that wanted the creation of Pakistan was Muhammad Ali Jinnah, who played a key role in representing Muslim ideas during this time. The Images shows us the border when it was first made in 1947 its also known as the Radcliffe Line. Images show us the border between India and Pakistan. The maps also tells us that where Muslims and Hindus had to go.

Sources

Social Studies booklet

https://www.britannica.com/event/Partition-of-India

https://britishonlinearchives.com/posts/category/notable-days/654/dividing-the-subcontinent-the-radcliffe-line-and-its-aftermath

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After the Indian Independence Act was passed in 1947, the British decided to leave by August 1948, but leaders, like Viceroy Lord Louis Mountbatten, wanted them to leave sooner. He told Sir Cyril Radcliffe to draw the borders between Pakistan (Muslims) and India (Hindus) in six weeks. This led to the creation of Pakistan, which was split into two parts: West Pakistan and East Pakistan (Later East Pakistan became Bangladesh in 1971). After Pakistan's creation on August 14, 1947, "millions of Hindus moved from Pakistan to India, and Muslims moved from India to Pakistan". This caused a war between those two countries, the lack of leadership and making the power of transition quicker, lead to many people dying in the process. According to the National Archives, "about one million people died, more than seventy-five thousand women were raped, and 10 million people were lost"(their homes were destroyed), during the Partition of India in 1947.

Sources

https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/indian-independence/

Image

https://www.cnn.com/india/live-news/india-pakistan-kashmir-dle-intl/index.html

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Sadly in January 30, 1948, Mohandas Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu extremists.

After his death, everyone was shocked since Gandhi didn't start any physical violence. Many parts of India like Bombay started riots at the group that killed Gandhi.

Sources

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Indian-Independence-Movement/The-assassination-of-Mahatma-Gandhi-and-aftermath

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The Bangladesh Liberation War last for nine months, in that war about three million people died and many more people lost. India joined the battle supporting Bangladeshis in 3 December 1971, two weeks later the Pakistan Army surrendered.

Sources

https://www.nationthailand.com/blogs/news/world/40047905

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When people asked Niamat Ali Malak, he shared the struggles he had to face:

His family had to leave their home in Lasoi because of violent clashes between communities.

They lost their property, and many people died. Niamat Ali got separated from his family for a while and faced harsh conditions in refugee camps while trying to find them

The journey to Pakistan was dangerous, and when they arrived, Niamat Ali and his family had to start over in a new place, dealing with the pain of losing their home, struggling with money, and adjusting to a completely different life.

Source

https://www.1947partitionarchive.org/niamat-ali-malak/

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Non Western Perspective https://www.1947partitionarchive.org/?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Legacy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVw5P8iC-68

Image

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-62467438

Image

https://www.cnn.com/india/live-news/india-pakistan-kashmir-dle-intl/index.html

https://www.britannica.com/event/Partition-of-India

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-62467438

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DrcCTgwbsjc

https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/indian-independence/

https://britishonlinearchives.com/posts/category/notable-days/654/dividing-the-subcontinent-the-radcliffe-line-and-its-aftermath