# data[].attributes.body
1. Electric Charge
→ Protons and Electrons

Explanation: Electric charge is a fundamental property of protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge).

2. Protons and Electrons
→ Electrostatic Forces

Explanation: The interaction between protons and electrons generates electrostatic forces due to their opposite charges.

# data[].attributes.body
+---------------+

| Protons |

| (Positive |

| Charge) |

+---------------+

|

| (Located in)

v

+---------------+

| Nucleus |

+---------------+

|

| (Attracted by)

v

+---------------+

| Electrons |

| (Negative |

| Charge) |

+---------------+

|

| (Exert)

v

+---------------+

| Electrostatic |

| Attraction |

+---------------+

|

| (Forms)

v

+---------------+

| Chemical Bonds |

+---------------+

# data[].attributes.body
+---------------+

| Protons |

| (Positive |

| Charge) |

+---------------+

|

| (Located in)

v

+---------------+

| Nucleus |

+---------------+

|

| (Surrounded by)

v

+---------------+

| Electrons |

| (Negative |

| Charge) |

+---------------+

|

| (Exert)

v

+---------------+

| Electrostatic |

| Attraction |

+---------------+

|

| (Results in)

v

+---------------+

| Chemical Bonding|

+---------------+

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+---------+

| Atoms |

+---------+

|

|

+------------------+

| |

+---------+ +----------+

| Protons | | Electrons|

|(Positive| |(Negative)|

| Charge) | | Charge |

+---------+ +----------+

| |

| |

V V

+-----------------------+

| Nucleus |

| +---------+ |

| | Neutrons| |

| |(No | |

| | Charge) | |

| +---------+ |

+-----------------------+

|

|

+-----------------------+

| Electric Charge |

+-----------------------+

|

|

+-----------------------+

| Electrostatic Force |

+-----------------------+

# data[].attributes.body
Electric charge causes electrostatic forces that either attract or repel particles.

Attraction between electrons (negative charge) and protons (positive charge) is essential to holding an atom together.

The nucleus contains positively charged protons, while negatively charged electrons are bound to it by electrostatic forces.

Chemical bonding occurs when electrostatic forces between atoms cause them to share or transfer electrons, leading to stable configurations.

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1. **Electric Charge**:

- **Opposite Charges Attract**:

- Leads to **Covalent Bonds** (Electron Sharing between atoms).

- Leads to **Ionic Bonds** (Electron Transfer between atoms).

- **Like Charges Repel**: This principle ensures that atoms stay stable by avoiding the attraction of like charges.

2. **Electrostatic Forces**: These forces help hold atoms together by facilitating the attraction between opposite charges (as in covalent and ionic bonds), which keeps the atoms in molecules connected.

In summary, electric charges and the electrostatic forces between them are essential in forming bonds that hold atoms together, either by sharing or transferring electrons.

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Imagine an atom has a center called the nucleus which is like a tiny, positively charged sun. Whizzing around this "sun" are even tinier bits called electrons, and they have a negative charge.

Here's how it works:

Positive Charge (in Nucleus) ➡️ Electrostatic Force (Attraction) ⬅️ Negative Charge (of Electrons)

Explanation: The positive charge in the atom's center (nucleus) and the negative charge of the electrons have an "opposite attracts" relationship.

This creates a pulling force between them called the electrostatic force. It's this electrostatic force that acts like an invisible glue, constantly pulling the negatively charged electrons towards the positively charged nucleus, keeping the atom from falling apart!

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Map : +-------------------+

| Electric Charge |

+-------------------+

|

|

v

+-------------------+

| Electrostatic Forces|

+-------------------+

|

|

v

+-------------------+

| Atomic Structure |

+-------------------+

|

|

v

+-------------------+

| Atoms Stay Together|

+-------------------+

|

|

v

+-------------------+

| Types of Bonds |

| - Ionic |

| - Covalent |

| - Metallic |

+-------------------+

# data[].attributes.body
1. Protons → Positive Charge

Protons have a positive charge.

2. Electrons → Negative Charge

Electrons have a negative charge.

3. Protons → Electrons

Electrostatic Attraction: Positive protons attract negative electrons.

4. Protons → Protons

Electrostatic Repulsion: Positive protons repel each other.

5. Electrons → Electrons Electrostatic Repulsion: Negative electrons repel each other.