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Pathogens, Disease it causes, and who is at risk of infection

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Pathogens, Disease it causes, and who is at risk of infection

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Cause: A slow-growing bacterium called Mycobacterium leprae and Mycobacterium lepromatosis, causes leprosy.

Spead: It is likely spread when an infected person coughs or sneezes and a healthy person inhales the droplets that contain the bacteria. The people at risk are the ones who have prolonged exposure to the infected, people with a weakened immune system due to genetics or conditions like HIV. Anyone with a family history of the disease is also at an increased risk. Alongside those in overcrowded living conditions or suffering from malnutrition.

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Symptoms of Hansen's Disease are muscle weakness or paralysis. Mostly affected are the hands and feet, numbness in the affected area, vision problems that could cause blindness, and enlarged nerves in the knees, elbows, and side of the neck.

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Symptoms of Hansen's Disease on the Nasal Cavity and Skin

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Symptoms of Hansen's Disease on the Nasal Cavity and Skin

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The symptoms of Hansen's Disease in the nasal cavity are nosebleeds and a stuffy nose.

The symptoms of the disease on the skin are discolored or white patches, nodules on the skin, dry, stiff, or thickening of the skin, painless ulcers on the bottoms of feet, loss of eyelashes or eyebrows, or swelling or lumps on earlobes or the facial area.

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If the disease is left untreated, it could cause crippling or paralysis in the hands and feet, loss of eyebrows and eyelashes, blindness, reabsorption causing shrinkage of the fingers and toes, chronic non-healing ulcers on the bottoms of feet, burning sensation in the skin, tender or painful nerves or pain, and redness in the area affected.

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Prevention itself is easy because most people cannot contract the disease. Just get tested yearly if you are exposed to the disease.

Hansen's Disease is treated with a combination of 3 antibiotics over six months to a year, also called "multidrug therapy". The antibiotics are as follows Dapsone, Rifamprin, and Clofazimine, and take all medications as prescribed.