# data[].attributes.body
What resources are available?
Feasible summary: add risk assessment

# data[].attributes.body
Poetry slam: A poetry slam event that features performances of original poetry that explore the themes of hair and identity, and their significance within different cultural and social contexts.

# data[].attributes.body
A live hair painting demonstration. This demonstration could feature a professional hair artist who paints intricate designs and patterns on a model's hair using hair dye and other hair coloring techniques. This live art performance could be accompanied by music and commentary from the artist, providing a unique and interactive experience for the audience.

# data[].attributes.body
Hair fashion show featuring wearable hair sculptures. This show could feature avant-garde hairstyles and hair accessories that challenge conventional beauty standards and promote self-expression and creativity. The show could also include performances by dancers and models wearing the hair sculptures, creating a visually stunning and immersive experience for the audience.

# data[].attributes.body
An art related event that could be held for the theme of hair and identity is a hair art exhibition. This exhibition could feature a collection of artwork, including paintings, sculptures, photographs, and mixed media pieces, that explore the relationship between hair and identity.

# data[].attributes.body
Hair history exhibits: These exhibits could showcase the history of hairstyles, from ancient times to present day, and highlight the cultural and social significance of different hairstyles throughout history.

# data[].attributes.headline
Natural hair care and empowerment seminars

# data[].attributes.subject
Natural hair care and empowerment seminars

# data[].attributes.body
Natural hair care and empowerment seminars: These seminars could focus on educating individuals about the beauty and versatility of natural hair textures and styles and promoting self-confidence and empowerment for those who have been marginalized or discriminated against based on their natural hair.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2020/mar/10/andy-warhol-wigs-go-on-display-in-uk-for-first-time

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Three precisely coiffured wigs Andy Warho l probably glued to his head because he feared they would "fly off" are to go on display in the UK for the first time.

Tate Modern will this week open its first big Warhol show for almost 20 years, featuring more than 100 works from his career.

Gregor Muir, the co-curator, said the London gallery wanted to display the wigs because they shone a unique light on the artist.

"They are incredible objects, which he would have had a say in, in terms of their design ... the way they are dark at the back and blonde at the front," he said. "The wigs are part of Warhol's persona, and Warhol himself was an artwork."

Muir recalled seeing the wigs for the first time at the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh and thinking they had to be part of the Tate show. "It was a little eerie, it has to be said but at the same time - it is him."

Warhol was bald from his 20s and his early wigs were quite conservative. "They are a man who wants to blend in," Muir said. As Warhol got older they became wilder, more silvery "and, in some ways, scarier".

He used strong glues and lots of product, Muir said. "He was so fearful of the idea it would fly off."

Next to the wigs is one of Warhol's instantly recognisable "fright wig" self portrait, created in 1986.

Muir said: "You have to ask yourself, what has given him the fright? It is as if he has seen a ghost. I get very poetic here but perhaps he is his own ghost."

The show includes a number of artworks that will go on display in the UK for the first time. They include Sixty Last Suppers, a 10-metre wide canvas created months before Warhol died.

The work is a meditation on death, immortality and the afterlife and has been hung in the exhibition's final room, which is dark and feels more like a chapel.

Another is a large screen print of dozens of Marilyn Monroe's lips from his Marilyn series, made months after she was found dead after a drugs overdose in 1962.

Warhol will be all over Tate Modern for the duration of the show, including a homage to his sweet tooth with a Death by Cheesecake pale ale available on draft and in cans. In the kitchen and bar there will be frozen hot chocolate, a nod to New York's Serendipity Cafe, where it was the signature dessert.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Andy Warhol's 'fright wigs' go on display in UK for first time

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Three precisely coiffured wigs Andy Warho l probably glued to his head because he feared they would "fly off" are to go on display in the UK for the first time. Tate Modern will this week open its first big Warhol show for almost 20 years, featuring more than 100 works from his career.

# data[].attributes.body
This could be a fundraising event where people can come to get haircuts or styling services, with proceeds going to a charitable cause related to hair and beauty, such as supporting cancer patients who have lost their hair due to treatment.

# data[].attributes.body
This could be a fun and eco-friendly way for people to exchange unused or gently used beauty products and haircare items with each other.

# data[].attributes.headline
What activities could we create for hairstyle?

# data[].attributes.subject
What activities could we create for hairstyle?

# data[].attributes.body
Promoting sustainability and environmental awareness by exploring the impact of haircare products and practices on the environment, and offering alternatives and resources for eco-friendly haircare.

# data[].attributes.headline
Supporting small businesses and entrepreneurs

# data[].attributes.subject
Supporting small businesses and entrepreneurs

# data[].attributes.body
Supporting small businesses and entrepreneurs in the beauty industry by providing a platform to showcase their products and services related to hair and beauty.

# data[].attributes.body
Fostering community engagement and dialogue by bringing together individuals from diverse backgrounds and experiences to share their stories and perspectives on hair and identity.

# data[].attributes.body
Creating a safe and empowering space for individuals who have experienced discrimination or marginalization based on their hairstyle.

# data[].attributes.body
Encouraging self-expression and creativity through the exploration of different hairstyles and haircare techniques.

# data[].attributes.body
Educating the public about the cultural and historical significance of different hairstyles and their role in shaping identity and self-expression.

# data[].attributes.body
Raising awareness about the impact of discriminatory dress codes and hiring practices based on hairstyle, and promoting advocacy efforts to challenge these practices.

# data[].attributes.body
Promoting diversity and inclusivity by celebrating the beauty and uniqueness of different hair textures, styles, and cultural traditions.

# data[].attributes.body
Researchers and academics who study the cultural and social significance of hairstyles and their relationship to identity.

# data[].attributes.body
Parents and educators who are interested in teaching children and young people about the importance of self-expression.

# data[].attributes.body
Mental health professionals who are interested in exploring the relationship between hairstyles and mental health.

# data[].attributes.body
People who feel confident about their appearance and are willing to make changes to their hair.

# data[].attributes.body
A wide range of individuals who are interested in exploring the multifaceted relationship between hair, self-expression, culture, and identity.

# data[].attributes.body
Individuals who have faced discriminatory dress codes or hiring practices.

# data[].attributes.body
Hairstyle can also refelct power imbalance. E.g. In North Korea only a certain types of hairstyle is acceptable

# data[].attributes.body
People with natural hair textures, people from non-Western cultural backgrounds.

# data[].attributes.body
People who are interested in exploring the cultural and historical significance of different hairstyles.

# data[].attributes.body
People who are interested in hair and beauty, individuals who are looking to express themselves through their hairstyles.

# data[].attributes.body
professionals in the beauty industry

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
How do you relate to the fibre that grows from your head?

Hair is so familiar to us that we rarely stop to think about what an extraordinary fibre it is.

The exhibition will showcase unexpected stories about hair, from personal stories in south London salons to tales of global hair trade networks.

Through our collections we will explore how hair has been used in ingenious ways by many communities across the world for making things like jewellery, clothing and rope.

Why are we so emotionally invested in our hair?

Do we feel differently about it once it is cut from our heads?

Hair is far from being a neutral material - it is fraught with expectations about beauty, identity, age, gender and race.

We will showcase both personal contributions about hair from our south London communities as well as a range of hair artworks made by local and international artists.

The exhibition will be co-curated by Horniman staff with anthropologist Professor Emma Tarlo, Goldsmiths, University of London. The lead curator for the Horniman is Dr Sarah Byrne.
Visit Hair: Untold Stories
Community fieldworkers

In 2020 the Horniman recruited 20 people from the diverse south London community to share their hair stories.

The fieldworkers met biweekly on Zoom to share their hair stories, learn about interviewing techniques, museum curation, and meet artists and anthropologists who work with hair.

Photo by Panos Damaskinidis for INFRINGE magazine.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Hair: Untold Stories - Horniman Museum and Gardens

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Hair is so familiar to us that we rarely stop to think about what an extraordinary fibre it is. The exhibition will showcase unexpected stories about hair, from personal stories in south London salons to tales of global hair trade networks.

# data[].attributes.body
There are some jobs that require a hairstyle, so if you have a more unusual hairstyle, you will have little chance of getting the job.

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.tate.org.uk/art/student-resource/exam-help/changed-identity

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
What is your identity? How do you see yourself? How do you appear to others?

People can change their identity through the clothes they wear. They can disguise or mask who they are, or take on a different look or character. Trans people often reassign the gender they were assigned at birth in order that their bodies identify with the gender they identify with. They are becoming the person they have always felt they were inside. Moving to another country and having to take on and adapt to a different culture and lifestyle can also impact on personal identity.

National identity is another aspect of identity that changes through history or in response to political events.

As well as people, objects have an identity. This can change depending on how the object is seen and used.

It's important to remember that some artists explore and adopt new identities from a position of privilege, freely exploring new ways of expressing themselves. Others make art because of their often marginalised and unconventional identities.

PERSONAL IDENTITY

Looks and characters

Do you have what you think of as 'your look'? Have you ever changed your look? Sometimes just having a different hairstyle, or wearing clothes you do not normally wear can make you feel like a different person.

In You Stole My Look artist Georgina Starr playfully explores the idea that people have a personal look and attach a significance to this look. The print was originally made as a mock advertisement that appears in Starvision, a comic book produced by the artist in 1997. It depicts the Starr in the different outfits she wore when making the comic. The uneven arrangement of images along with its handwritten labels and bright colours, recall teen magazines or perhaps homemade publications or zines.

Artists Gillian Wearing and Cindy Sherman also use portraits and self-portraits to explore identity. But instead of documenting their own look, they take on other people's looks. By dressing up and posing as other people, they create a changed identity.

Wearing's photographs explore how the public and private identities of ordinary people are self-made and documented. For her series Album 2003, Wearing reconstructed old family snapshots. In this photograph she wears a dress and hairstyle her sister wore in the 1980s. With the help of experts at Madame Tussauds she also fabricated a silicone masks of her sister's face. By putting a version of someone else's face on hers she is metaphorically 'seizing' their identity. The only bits of Wearing that can be seen are her eyes and teeth.

Transforming herself into other people is central to Cindy Sherman's work.

In college I began to collect a lot of discarded accoutrements from the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s, more for my own personal wardrobe as well as for the sheer fascination with what those garments stood for. It was easy and cheap to collect all kinds of things in those days. I've always played with make-up to transform myself ...
Cindy Sherman

Untitled D is from a series of photographs where Sherman radically alters her appearance using make-up, hairstyles, hats and different facial expressions. She has explained, 'I made [them] to show the process of turning one character into another'.

Cindy Sherman's Bus Riders 1976/2000 are a series of photographs that feature the artist as a variety of closely observed characters. Sherman uses elaborate costumes and make up to transform her identity for each image.

Masks

By changing their appearance, artists Gillian wearing and Cindy Sherman put on a type of mask. Their hair, makeup and clothes masked their appearance.

Masks have been used for thousands of years to hide or transform a person's appearance. In Ancient Greek theatre masks were worn to effectively change the character of the actor. In African ritual, masks are worn to replace the identity of the wearer with a spiritual being. Sudanese artist Ibrahim El-Salahi includes African masks alongside Arabic calligraphy in his painting such as They Always Appear 1964. In combining these motifs he suggest the dual cultural influences within his country.

Roles and stereotypes

Cindy Sherman, along with other artists, has also used her changed appearance to comment on wider issues in society.

In Untitled Film Stills Sherman photographs herself as fictitious female characters in scenes that look like moments in a film. She masquerades in conventional female cinema roles such as the lover or the young housewife. By doing this she draws attention to the way that Hollywood cinema has contributed to stereotypes about women.

Nigerian photographer Samuel Fosso also documents himself adopting a range of different personas to explore stereotypes. Transforming his identity using clothing, props and posture he presents himself as a range of 'male types' from macho to sensitive and vulnerable.

Austrian artist VALIE EXPORT explores the limits imposed on the individual based on their gender. For her Identity Transfer photographs she stands with her legs slightly apart and her hands on her hips looking confidently at the camera. The pose is very different from the way women are normally photographed in the media and contrasts with her hairstyle and make-up. In these works she is playing with the codes through which gender identity is traditionally conveyed.

Scottish artist Rachel Maclean also changed her identity to comment on society. In her video works she parodies social media, beauty-product advertising, children's television and pop culture. At once seductive and nightmarish, glossy and grotesque, her films criticise our dependence on technology and obsession with shopping. Maclean plays all the parts herself, changing her identity by wearing extravagant costumes and make-up.

Watch a clip from Rachel Maclean's film Its What's Inside that Counts and see society like you've never seen it before!

Gender and sexuality

VALIE EXPORT, Cindy Sherman and Samuel Fosso transformed their identities in self-portraits to investigate gender roles and stereotypes. Other artists have used portraiture and self-portraiture to explore more personal aspects of gender.

Grayson Perry decorates his ceramic vases and pots with illustrations that address issues of identity, class, sexuality and gender. Perry often dresses as a woman, changing his identity from Grayson Perry into 'Claire' his female alter ego. In Aspects of Myself he depicts himself as Claire.

Nan Goldin 's powerful photographs document the lives of her friends. She created a series of intimate portraits of her drag-queen and friends working in drag-performance .

In her photographs Zanele Muholi focuses on the difficulties lesbians and transgender people face in Africa. She also sees her work as challenging the way the black female body has been presented historically in art. ID Crisis 2003 shows a young woman standing in a gloomy room carefully wrapping bandages around her breasts in an attempt to disguise her anatomy, as light streams in from an adjacent window.

Changing Places

Your personal identity - who you are - is affected by lots of things. Where you were born and grew up and the culture of that place has a huge impact on your identity. What happens if you move to a different place and culture? As well as exploring identity in relation to gender, art can be a powerful tool for exploring how identity changes when you move from one culture to another.

Artist Njideka Akunyili Crosby was born in Nigeria and lived there until she was sixteen. In 1999 she moved to the United States. Her cultural identity combines strong attachments to the country of her birth and to her adopted home. In her layered compositions she explores this changed hybrid identity.

Like Njideka Akunyili Crosby, Sonia Boyce uses layers of imagery and ideas to explore her sense of self. Boyce is a black British artist. In From Tarzan to Rambo ... she looks at the images and roles of black people as presented in predominantly white-controlled film and media. These impose a whole other identity on her sense of self. The work explores the complex interweaving of black history with classic Hollywood narratives and other mass cultural forms.

Zineb Sedira lives in London but was born in Paris. Her parents are Algerian. Mother Tongue 2002 explores migration and her family's cultural identity. In the video her daughter, born in Britain and speaking English, tries to communicate with her Algerian grandmother, who speaks Arabic. Grandmother and daughter are reliant on Sedira, who speaks Arabic, French and English, to communicate.

Artist Yinka Shonibare describes himself as 'a postcolonial hybrid'. He was born in London and grew up in the UK and Nigeria.

The African fabrics he uses have a complex history. The batik printing technique used to make them was originally Indonesian. It was then appropriated by the Dutch during the colonial period. English manufacturers later copied the Dutch production model using designs derived from traditional African textiles. The fabrics were manufactured in Manchester using a predominantly Asian workforce. They were then exported to West Africa. The fabrics became popular during the African independence movement. Their bright colours and geometric patterns were associated with the struggle for political and cultural independence.

National Identity

So far in this exam help resource we have explored various aspects of personal identity and how these can change. National identity is another type of identity. This is how a nation sees itself and how it is seen by others. History, culture, characteristics and values can all affect national identity.

Jason Evans used the idea of different identities to explore national identity. Strictly is a series of portrait photographs showing young black men dressed in the clothing generally associated with English country gentlemen. The photographs were made in collaboration with fashion stylist Simon Foxton. Evans and Foxton were inspired by the diverse street style worn by people of colour in Britain and decided to turn the traditional idea of British identity on its head.

Strictly was a weird mixture of macho clothes and quite effeminate clothes. Sportswear-based but classical English things, turned around. The syntax of clothes was completely upside down, and then, worn by black people, it was a new vision of Britain. We were trying to break down stereotypes.
Jason Evans

Palm Sign is a large painted metal sculpture of a palm tree, illuminated with coloured light bulbs. It has the run-down look of a decaying beach sign in a tired holiday resort.

The work symbolises Moroccan artist Yto Barrada 's concerns about the changing identity of her country. Palm trees are often used in marketing campaigns to promote Morocco as a holiday destination. Yto Barrada uses this decaying palm tree to represent her fears about the rapid development of Morocco as a tourist destination. She worries about what huge hotel complexes and golfing resorts will do the fragile eco-system of the country.

Antonio Caro changes the Colombian national flag to comment on what he saw as the altered identity of his country. He has added the name of the country to the flag using the calligraphy of the Coca-Cola logo. With this graphic play, he criticises the intrusion of American commercialism and how this has affected his country.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Changed Identity Coursework Guide | Tate

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
What is your identity? How do you see yourself? How do you appear to others? People can change their identity through the clothes they wear. They can disguise or mask who they are, or take on a different look or character.

# data[].attributes.body
- who are the victims?
- who are the discriminators?

# data[].attributes.body
The promotion of certain hairstyles as "good" or "bad" can reinforce harmful racial and gender stereotypes and perpetuate the idea that certain hair types or styles are more desirable than others.

# data[].attributes.body
In some parts of the world, people with natural hair textures, such as afros, dreadlocks, or braids, have been discriminated against in schools, workplaces, and public spaces.

# data[].attributes.body
In society, discriminatory hiring practices that penalize individuals for wearing "unprofessional" hairstyles that do not conform to Eurocentric beauty standards.

# data[].attributes.body
Hair is also an expression of your culture and origin

# data[].attributes.body
People who live in hot and humid climates may choose shorter hairstyles to stay cool and comfortable, while people in professions that require a more conservative appearance may opt for more traditional or subdued styles.

# data[].attributes.body
In some African cultures, hairstyles have been used as a means of communication, with different styles and patterns signifying particular social or religious statuses.

# data[].attributes.body
Similar hairstyles enforced by schools are done so on the grounds of creating uniformity however, often diminish individuality

# data[].attributes.body
Hairstyles can be used to make a political statement or to show solidarity with a particular cause.

# data[].attributes.body
Certain hairstyles may be associated with specific time periods or fashion movements.

# data[].attributes.body
As people age, their hair often changes in texture and color, and many people choose to alter their hairstyles to reflect these changes.

# data[].attributes.body
- the social consequences of having a certain hair colour/hairstyle

# data[].attributes.body
A queer person might use their hairstyle to signal their identity or to express their gender identity.

# data[].attributes.body
- the effect of the pandemic on identity, not being able to go to the hairdressers, cutting hair at home

# data[].attributes.body
WHAT ELSE CAN IT BE CONNECTED TO?

# data[].attributes.body
Different hairstyles can be seen as more "masculine" or "feminine”

# data[].attributes.body
WHAT ARE THE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES?

# data[].attributes.body
HOW IS IT A PROBLEM FOR SOCIETY?

# data[].attributes.body
Hairstyle can assert their individuality and uniqueness.

# data[].attributes.body
WHO IS THIS EVENT FOR?

# data[].attributes.body
hairstyle can be a way for people to show solidarity with a particular group or community

# data[].attributes.body
Hairstyles can convey a sense of belonging to a particular subculture or community.

# data[].attributes.body
People often choose a hairstyle that reflects their personal style, which can be influenced by their interests, values, and beliefs.

# data[].attributes.body
- a past version of you
- changing identity
- nostalgia

# data[].attributes.body
Personally, I don't like hairdressers. Hair is a very personal thing to me, and I consider it a part of my body. So, I don't feel comfortable with strangers touching my hair, even if it's a hairdresser. When I was younger, in Chinese culture, many of my elder family members would come around and touch/pet my hair. Looking back, I realize that I didn't feel very comfortable about it.

Another thing I remember is that when I was in middle school, I didn't have any say in my hairstyle. My mom would often decide when I needed a haircut and what style I should get, which usually left me unhappy with my hair.

Now that I'm older, I have complete control over my hairstyle, but I choose to keep it in its natural color and shape. One reason for this is that I don't want people to judge my personality based on my hair. Another reason is that changing hairstyles (color, look) requires a lot of time and money. While I believe that changing one's hairstyle is a form of self-expression and identity, I no longer feel the need to change my hairstyle frequently or dye my hair in bright colors.

# data[].attributes.body
HAIRSTYLE AND IDENTITY