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The cold war started 1947 and its reason for starting was due to an ideological and political rivalry between USA and the USSR. Near the end of World War II USA had a new powerful weapon called the atom bomb. This was kept secret from the soviets and this led to the breaking of the allies. The atom bomb was not the reason for the start but for the shaping of the cold war. It lead to something called the arms race.

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The cold war took place during the years 1945-1989. The cold war was between the super powers of America and the Soviet Union and it was not a violent war, there was no physical confrontation but it was a war of great tension. During the start of the cold war the leaders were Franklin Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin.

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The atomic bomb shaped what the cold war was about and what parts of the cold war there where. The atomic bomb lead to one of the main parts of the cold war, which was the arms race. The reason it created the arms race, was due to secrecy of the atomic bomb and how the Russian found out through spies and also the usage of the atom bomb in Japan. Initially, only the United States possessed atomic weapons, but in 1949 the Soviet Union exploded an atomic bomb and the arms race began. Both countries continued building more and bigger bombs. In 1952, the United States tested a new and more powerful weapon: the hydrogen bomb.

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The term "Cold War" underlines how the time period (1945-1989), was a time of no physical war between USA and USSR and how it is a state of political hostility between countries characterized threats. It also means that a conflict over ideological differences carried on by methods short of sustained overt military action and usually without breaking off diplomatic relations.

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The Yalta conference took place in 1945 and it was deciding how the powers of the world where going to spilt up Germany. Even though the Yalta conference marks the end of Nazi German, the Yalta Conference caused tension because the focus was shifting from winning the Second World War to how to organize and divide the world following the Second World War.

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At Yalta, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin made important decisions regarding the future progress of the war and the postwar world.

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First Phase (1946-1949):

Second Phase (1949-1953):

Third Phase (1953-1957):

Fourth Phase (1957-1962):

Fifth Phase (1962-1969):

Sixth Phase (1969-1978):

Last Phase (1979-1987):

These are the 7 stages of the cold war, they mark the time period.

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The nuclear arms race was perhaps the most alarming feature of the Cold War competition between the United States and Soviet Union. Over the decades, the two sides signed various arms control agreements as a means to manage their rivalry and limit the risk of nuclear war. A great example of the arms race was the Cuban missile crises.

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The Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962 was a direct and dangerous confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War and was the moment when the two superpowers came closest to nuclear conflict. The United States were under threat, and at the time it was seen as the end of the world. USA had missiles in Italy, which also proposed a threat the the Soviets.

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The space race was like the arms race, but instead of weapons of power, it was the race out of earths orbit. There were many conspiracy's like, the faking of the moon landing.

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Apollo 11 launched from Cape Kennedy on July 16, 1969, carrying Commander Neil Armstrong, Command Module Pilot Michael Collins and Lunar Module Pilot Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin into an initial Earth-orbit of 114 by 116 miles.

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July 20, 1969: One Giant Leap For Mankind - NASA

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July 1969. It’s a little over eight years since the flights of Gagarin and Shepard, followed quickly by President Kennedy’s challenge to put a man on the moon

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Date and Achievement

1962 December 14 | First successful planetary flyby mission (Venus).

1963 June 16 | First woman in space (Valentina Tereshkova) First civilian in space

1963 June 19 | First Mars flyby, although contact was lost

1963 July 19 | First reusable piloted spacecraft and the first spaceplane (suborbital)

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Jersey has a bunker which was prepared for use in the Cold War.
We are able to offer tours of the bunker to small school groups with a guide. To enquire or to book a visit please email education@jerseyheritage.org

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Nuclear Neighbours. The group that sounded the alarm - Cyd Le Bail Long

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The Jersey Heritage exhibition Bergerac’s Island: Jersey in the 1980s has been looking at every aspect of life in a decade that saw huge changes. Population growth brought pressure on Jersey’s infrastructure. More land was used for housing. Flooding Queen’s Valley to create a new reservoir was controversial. Islanders worried about the building of a nuclear re-processing plant and a nuclear power station on the nearby French coast. All this led to the creation of the environmental pressure group CONCERN one of whose founders, schoolteacher Cyd Le Bail, talks to Alastair Layzell

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COLD WAR SECRETS JERSEY'S HIDDEN COMMAND POST

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For fifty years we lived with the Cold War, that standoff between the superpowers of America and Russia. Early-warning of a nuclear attack would come through civil defence command posts established across the British Isles. Jersey’s was housed in a German bunker but those who were allowed in, among them Channel Television reporter Robert Hall, were sworn not to disclose its location. Now, Jersey Heritage is to open it to the public…

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Here is some information on the history and purpose of the bunker in jersey.