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WHAT CAUSES FERTILITY PROBLEMS? - MYA CARE

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WHAT CAUSES FERTILITY PROBLEMS? - MYA CARE

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Infertility is a challenging condition that impacts the lives of millions of couples worldwide. This widespread condition is characterized by the inability to conceive after a year of consistent and unprotected intercourse among couples of reproductive age. The desire to start a family and the emotional toll of infertility can be profound, making it a significant concern for many individuals.

Conception, the process of a successful pregnancy, involves a complex interplay of various factors within both the male and female reproductive systems. It requires the synchronized functioning of multiple components to ensure the union of sperm and egg and the subsequent development of a healthy embryo.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/what-causes-fertility-problems

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UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF WEIGHT GAIN IN YOUR 40S AND HOW TO COMBAT IT

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UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES OF WEIGHT GAIN IN YOUR 40S AND HOW TO COMBAT IT

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Are you noticing that your clothes are getting tighter and your scale is showing a higher number as you enter your 40s? If so, you are not alone. Many people experience weight gain in midlife due to various factors that affect their body composition, metabolism, and lifestyle.

However, this does not mean that you have to accept it as inevitable. By understanding the causes of weight gain in your 40s, you can take proactive steps to combat it and maintain a healthy weight.

Factors Contributing to Weight Gain in your Mid-40s

As you age, your hormones change, and this is the single biggest factor known to affect your propensity for gaining weight during your mid-40s.

For women, menopause causes a decline in estrogen levels, which can result in increased fat storage in the abdomen, hips, and thighs.[1] For men, testosterone levels start declining gradually, which can impact muscle mass and promote body fat.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/understanding-the-causes-of-weight-gain-in-your-40s-and-how-to-combat-it

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DEFINING A HEALTHY DIET: PART 4 - PROTEIN HEAVY DIETS - MYA CARE

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DEFINING A HEALTHY DIET: PART 4 - PROTEIN HEAVY DIETS - MYA CARE

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Protein-Heavy Diets

While a high protein diet may not be necessarily unhealthy, it is extremely dangerous when not balanced with other dietary nutrients. Proteins are energetically inefficient (takes more energy to make use of them than they offer) but are required in moderation for facilitating optimal nutrition, energy metabolism and many other vital processes.

Animal proteins and a few very complex proteins found in plants are known to be similar to proteins found in our own cells on a molecular level. If the mucosal lining of the gut and the gut microbiome are impaired, protein digestion becomes hampered and undigested proteins are more likely to trigger immune reactivity and inflammation at various sites of the gut. A diet high in protein further promotes intestinal damage due to the toxins released by excessive protein fermentation.[1] This may contribute to worsening the condition of those with autoimmune, gut and metabolic issues until digestive function is sufficiently restored.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/defining-a-healthy-diet-part-4-protein-heavy-diets

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MEAL SEQUENCING: BENEFITS, MYTHS, AND HOW TO IMPLEMENT - MYA CARE

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MEAL SEQUENCING: BENEFITS, MYTHS, AND HOW TO IMPLEMENT - MYA CARE

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While portion control focuses on reducing the amount you eat, meal sequencing strategically orders different foods within your meals. This approach to eating has gained popularity in recent years, especially among individuals with type 2 diabetes.

It is known for optimizing digestion and unlocking hidden benefits, such as enhanced nutrient absorption and improved gut health. These lead to well-being beyond just weight management.

This article reviews the concept of meal sequencing, its benefits, and tips for structuring your meals in the healthiest way possible.

What is Meal Sequencing?

Meal sequencing is a method of eating that involves consuming specific types of food in a particular order. The idea behind this approach is that certain foods can positively impact blood sugar levels and overall health when eaten in a specific order.

Unlike traditional meal planning, which tells you what to eat, meal sequencing focuses on the order in which you consume those foods. This simple shift can significantly impact your body's response to food, influencing digestive processes and hormone release.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/meal-sequencing-benefits-myths-and-how-to-implement

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THE `FAT FIRSTˊ APPROACH: A NEW WAY TO MANAGE INSULIN PROBLEMS?

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THE `FAT FIRSTˊ APPROACH: A NEW WAY TO MANAGE INSULIN PROBLEMS?

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The "Fat First" approach is a dietary strategy that is gaining popularity among individuals who have insulin problems such as insulin resistance or diabetes. This approach gives priority to healthy fats in meals to potentially improve blood sugar control and overall metabolic health. This blog post will explore the concept of the "Fat First" approach, its potential benefits, and considerations for individuals with insulin problems.

Understanding Insulin Problems and their Impact on Metabolic Health

Insulin problems encompass a wide range of conditions, including insulin resistance, diabetes, and pre-diabetes. Insulin resistance is a condition in which there is an impaired biological response to insulin stimulation in target tissues, mainly the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/the-fat-first-approach-a-new-way-to-manage-insulin-problems

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UNDERSTANDING FACIAL TENSION: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS - MYA CARE

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UNDERSTANDING FACIAL TENSION: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS - MYA CARE

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Facial tension is a common problem that many people experience, yet it often goes unnoticed or ignored. It can manifest in various ways, such as jaw pain, headaches, and neck pain, and can have a significant impact on daily life.

In this article, we will explore the causes of facial tension and provide solutions for reducing and managing it.

What is Facial Tension?

Facial tension is the feeling of tightness or discomfort in the muscles of the face, jaw, and neck.

It can have a variety of causes, such as poor posture, muscle tension, and stress. When left untreated, facial muscle tension can lead to chronic pain that affects daily activities and overall well-being.

Symptoms of Facial Tension

Facial tension can manifest in various ways, and the symptoms may vary from person to person.

Some common symptoms of facial tension include:

Jaw and neck pain

Redness in the face

Headaches, particularly tension headaches. These can be episodic or chronic.

Facial pain, tingling or discomfort

Tightness in the face or neck muscles

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Facial tension is a common problem that many people experience, yet it often goes unnoticed or ignored. It can manifest in various ways, such as jaw pain, headaches, and neck pain, and can have a significant impact on daily life.

In this article, we will explore the causes of facial tension and provide solutions for reducing and managing it.

What is Facial Tension?

Facial tension is the feeling of tightness or discomfort in the muscles of the face, jaw, and neck.

It can have a variety of causes, such as poor posture, muscle tension, and stress. When left untreated, facial muscle tension can lead to chronic pain that affects daily activities and overall well-being.

Symptoms of Facial Tension

Facial tension can manifest in various ways, and the symptoms may vary from person to person.

Some common symptoms of facial tension include:

Jaw and neck pain

Redness in the face

Headaches, particularly tension headaches. These can be episodic or chronic.

Facial pain, tingling or discomfort

Tightness in the face or neck muscles

Diminished range of motion in the neck and jaw

Eye strain and tension

Clenching the jaw

Grinding teeth, especially at night

There are also a handful of dated studies suggesting that facial tension can affect breathing and contribute to asthma.

Causes of Facial Tension

Several common causes of facial tension include:

Stress: Stress can change the muscles in your face. Our muscles tend to tighten when we are stressed, leading to tension in the face and neck.

Poor Posture: Slouching or hunching can place strain on the muscles in the face and neck, leading to tension.

Muscle Tension: Muscle overuse, injury, or underlying medical conditions can cause too much tension.

Muscle Knots: Muscle tension in the jaw, neck, and shoulders can develop into muscle knots, causing further discomfort.

Tension Headaches: These are a common type of headache that can cause facial tension, as well as pain in the neck and shoulders.

Zoom Fatigue: The rise of remote work and virtual meetings, especially when coupled with poor posture, are other causative factors.

Bruxism: The habit of grinding or clenching teeth. It can contribute to facial tension by putting strain on the jaw and causing pain.

Facial tension can also arise due to chronic disorders such as myofascial pain or a Temporomandibular Joint Disorder.

Myofascial pain

Myofascial pain is a long-lasting and persistent chronic condition that can affect all ages. It is characterized by recurring muscle pain and constant tension, frequently localized in the facial and neck regions. Myofascial pain can be caused by muscle overuse, muscle microtrauma, injury, or underlying medical conditions. Aging and vascular changes can increase the risk.

This condition can significantly affect a person's quality of life. Even simple tasks such as speaking or eating can be quite challenging and uncomfortable. A constant sense of tightness and discomfort is often experienced alongside sporadic episodes of intense pain. If left untreated, it can last for weeks, months, or even years.

TMJ disorders are complex ailments that affect the intricate joint connecting the jawbone to the skull. They can be caused by factors such as jaw injury, arthritis, or teeth grinding. It is estimated that 5-12% of the population are affected.

This condition can trigger a range of distressing symptoms, including but not limited to

Debilitating facial tension and stiffness

Excruciating jaw pain

Difficulties while chewing or speaking

Frequently occurring headaches

Disruptions to daily life

Difficulty carrying out routine activities

Affects overall mood and well-being

The duration of TMJ disorders can vary, but with proper treatment and management, symptoms can improve over time. Some may require surgery to treat their TMJ disorder.

Diagnosis

For infrequent facial tension, home care may be enough to alleviate the condition. However, the diagnosis and treatment of chronic or episodic facial tension typically involves a thorough evaluation by a maxillofacial specialist. Sometimes, a dentist or orthodontist can diagnose facial tension if it relates to misalignment of the jaw or bruxism.

A specialist may conduct a physical exam, review medical history, and order diagnostic tests like X-rays or MRI scans. The physical symptoms tend to guide the physical exam, leading to the cause:

For TMJ disorders, the condition of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and surrounding muscles is assessed.

To diagnose myofascial tension, overall facial tension, muscle knots, tenderness, and trigger points will be evaluated.

It is important to note that TMJDs and myofascial tension can sometimes coexist.

By diagnosing the underlying cause, healthcare professionals can develop an apt treatment plan to alleviate symptoms.

Solutions for Reducing Facial Tension

Fortunately, there are several effective solutions for reducing and managing facial tension. These include:

Deep Breathing Exercises

Deep breathing exercises can be helpful to relax the muscles in the face and neck, reducing tension and promoting relaxation.

To perform these exercises, get into a comfortable position, either seated or lying down. Take large, immersive breaths that fill your lungs deeply with air, and then slowly exhale.

You can also try incorporating meditation or mindfulness techniques into your deep breathing exercises for added relaxation.

Facial Exercises

Facial exercises can aid in strengthening the muscles in the face, thereby reducing injury risk and promoting overall facial health. Some simple facial exercises you can try include:

Jaw stretches: Start by opening your mouth as wide as possible, then close it slowly, feeling the stretch in your jaw muscles.

Cheek stretches: Smile as wide as possible, then slowly relax your face, feeling the stretch in your cheek muscles.

Eye and forehead stretches: Raise your eyebrows as high as you can. Then, slowly relax your face, feeling the stretch in your forehead and eye muscles.

Massaging your temples or opting for online facial yoga classes might also be worth trying. While not completely related, neck and shoulder exercises can add to facial relaxation and better breathing.

Heat or Cold Relief

For relieving facial tension, heat and cold therapy can be beneficial. Here's how they work:

Heat therapy: Applying heat to the areas affected can release tension by enhancing blood circulation. You could take a warm shower or use a warm towel or heating pad to apply heat to your face. Be sure to moderate the temperature to avoid burning your skin.

Cold therapy: Cold therapy can relieve pain and tension by helping reduce inflammation and numbing the area. You can apply a cold compress or ice pack wrapped in a thin cloth to the affected areas for about 15 minutes at a time. Pause between applications to protect the skin.

Both heat and cold therapy should be used cautiously and for short durations. If you have any underlying medical concerns, it is best to consult with a healthcare professional instead.

Massage Therapy

Massage therapy is used to release tension from the face effectively. A qualified massage therapist can target specific areas of tension in the face and neck. Techniques such as deep tissue massage, trigger point therapy, and myofascial release are used to soothe muscle tightness.

Botox Injections

Botox injections, commonly used for cosmetic purposes, can also be used for muscle tightness. Botox for facial tension works by temporarily paralyzing the muscles in the face. This reduces tension and promotes relaxation. However, it is important to note that Botox is not a long-term solution and may need to be repeated every few months.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy can be effective for tension reduction, especially when caused by underlying medical conditions or injuries. A physical therapist can help formulate a personalized treatment plan suited to your needs. This may include exercises, stretches, and other techniques that lower tension and promote healing.

Psychotherapy

Psychotherapy is a beneficial therapeutic approach for managing stress and related symptoms, including facial tension. Working with a licensed therapist can help identify and tackle the underlying causes of stress and learn coping strategies to reduce tension in the face and body.

Stress Management Techniques

Since stress is a major contributor to facial tension, managing stress can be an effective treatment option. Some stress management techniques to try include:

Exercise: Regular physical activity regulates the body's stress response and balances one's mood.

Mindfulness: Practice techniques, such as meditation or yoga to foster better breathing and reduce anxiety.

Journaling: Writing a journal can be a helpful way to process and manage stress.

Time management: Learning effective time management may promote better work-life balance, which removes a major tension trigger.

Preventing Facial Tension

Preventing facial tension is important in order to avoid discomfort and potential long-term issues. Many management options listed above can also help to prevent facial tension buildup. These include facial exercises, stress management techniques, and deep breathing exercises.

Here are some more tips to help prevent facial tension:

1. Practice good posture.

2. Make the effort to smile and keep your face relaxed.

3. Take short breaks from screen time every 20 minutes.

4. Avoid clenching or grinding your teeth.

5. Set up an ergonomic workstation.

6. Get enough sleep.

7. Maintain a healthy diet.

By incorporating these preventive measures into your daily routine, you can minimize your chances of developing facial tension and promote overall relaxation and well-being.

When to Seek Professional Help

If facial tension is causing significant discomfort or interfering with daily activities, it may be time to seek professional help.

A doctor or physical therapist can help find out the underlying cause of your facial tension and put together an individualized treatment plan to address it.

Conclusion

Facial tension is a common problem that can have a significant impact on daily life. By understanding the underlying reasons and exploring varied remedies, it is possible to alleviate facial tension and enhance well-being. Techniques such as controlled breathing, facial workouts, massages, and successful stress management might be beneficial.

If facial tension is causing significant discomfort, it is important to seek professional help. A qualified specialist will identify the fundamental cause and develop a tailored treatment plan. With the proper approach, you can find relief from facial tension and improve your overall well-being.
Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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understanding facial tension: causes and solutions

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UNDERSTANDING FACIAL TENSION: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS

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Facial tension refers to the feeling of tightness or discomfort in the muscles of the face, jaw, and neck. Learn about the symptoms, underlying factors, and effective strategies to reduce and manage facial tension.

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WHAT IS A GUMMY SMILE AND HOW CAN IT BE FIXED

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WHAT IS A GUMMY SMILE AND HOW CAN IT BE FIXED

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A smile with more than the desired display of gum is known as a gummy smile. It affects 10-20% of the population and is more common among women. Affected individuals may find this visually unattractive and are often self-conscious of their smile. To address this, they may seek dental treatment.

Various disorders, such as a short or hyperactive upper lip, enlargement of gums, excess growth of the upper jaw, or over eruption of front teeth, can lead to a gummy smile. The identification of the exact cause and proper diagnosis helps manage the condition appropriately.

In this article, we discuss the causes and the treatment involved in correcting a gummy smile.

How much display of gums is considered unaesthetic?

Displaying 1-2 mm of the gum on the upper jaw while smiling is considered normal and cosmetically appealing. If more than 3-4 mm of the gum is exposed while smiling, it can be perceived as unaesthetic and unpleasant. This excess display of gum is mainly evident during a smile. However, in some severe cases, it can be seen even when the lips are at rest.

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A smile with more than the desired display of gum is known as a gummy smile. It affects 10-20% of the population and is more common among women. Affected individuals may find this visually unattractive and are often self-conscious of their smile. To address this, they may seek dental treatment.

Various disorders, such as a short or hyperactive upper lip, enlargement of gums, excess growth of the upper jaw, or over eruption of front teeth, can lead to a gummy smile. The identification of the exact cause and proper diagnosis helps manage the condition appropriately.

In this article, we discuss the causes and the treatment involved in correcting a gummy smile.

How much display of gums is considered unaesthetic?

Displaying 1-2 mm of the gum on the upper jaw while smiling is considered normal and cosmetically appealing. If more than 3-4 mm of the gum is exposed while smiling, it can be perceived as unaesthetic and unpleasant. This excess display of gum is mainly evident during a smile. However, in some severe cases, it can be seen even when the lips are at rest.

What are the causes of a gummy smile?

Here are some of the reasons that may result in a gummy smile:

Short upper lip length: The average length of the lip in young adults is around 20-24mm. Lips measuring less than 20 mm are considered short. Short lips may cause gum exposure while smiling or laughing, resulting in a gummy smile.

Hypermobile upper lip: A hypermobile or hyperactive lip is caused by the hyperactivity of the muscle (levator labii superioris muscle), which contributes to the movement of the mouth and upper lip. This increases the exposure of the teeth and gums, causing a gummy smile.

Altered passive eruption: After the complete eruption of a tooth in the oral cavity, gum margins shift towards the junction of the crown and root surface. If the gum margin fails to shift away from the tooth surface and overlies the major part of the tooth surface, it leads to a condition known as altered passive eruption. This results in the short appearance of the crown and an excess display of gums. In severe conditions, this may give the feeling of a hidden tooth.

Overgrowth of gums: Gum overgrowth around the teeth can result in the excess display of gums. Here are some conditions that can result in the overgrowth of gums:

Poor oral hygiene (Accumulation of tartar can result in inflammation and swelling of gums)

Presence of systemic conditions (e.g., Hereditary gingival fibromatosis, leukemia)

Regular intake of medications that are used to treat high blood pressure, seizures, or the immune system (e.g., amlodipine, phenytoin, cyclosporine)

Excess growth of the upper jaw: If the upper jaw bone grows longer than normal, excess display of gums becomes evident. This condition is also known as Vertical Maxillary Excess (VME).

Over- eruption of teeth: If the teeth in the front grow too far or are over-erupted, then the gums also tend to grow along with the teeth. This results in an excess display of gums. This over-eruption of teeth is also known as dentoalveolar extrusion.

In some severe cases, the gummy smile may result from a combination of multiple factors. For instance, the presence of a short lip and excess growth of the upper jaw may cause a gummy smile. Such cases require a combination of interventions to correct the smile.

How to manage a gummy smile?

Dental professionals can help diagnose the exact cause of the gummy smile using the patient's medical history, facial and lip analysis, and oral and radiographic examination. Following this, the best treatment option will be discussed with the patient.

Here are some of the common treatment options available to manage a gummy smile:

a. Non-surgical treatment:

Botox injection: Gummy smile due to the presence of a hyperactive upper lip can be treated by injecting botulinum toxin injection, also known as Botox injection. The cost of injection may vary between USD 200-300. Individuals may have to repeat the injections every 3-4 months.

Hyaluronic acid injection: Excessive gingival display can be corrected by injecting hyaluronic injections into the hyperactive muscles (Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi), which control lip movement. Hyaluronic injections inhibit the ability of muscles to move, decreasing the upward movement of the upper lip while smiling. This injection may be required every 6-12 months, and the cost may vary between USD 500-700.

b. Surgical treatment:

Gingivectomy: Gingivectomy is a surgical procedure to remove excess gums. This procedure results in exposing more tooth surfaces and shifting the gumline to a higher level. It is mostly used to correct gummy smiles in patients with passive altered eruptions. Gingivectomy can be performed as a standalone procedure or in combination with the reshaping of the bone underlying the gums (crown lengthening). This depends on the patient's aesthetic expectations and how much excess gum tissue is present. The procedure may cost around USD 1,000-4,000

Lip repositioning surgery: Lip repositioning surgery involves the removal of soft tissue from the underside of the upper lip. This restricts the muscles controlling lip movement from lifting the upper lip too high. Lip repositioning surgery masks the gummy smile by changing the position of the lips relative to the teeth. It is recommended in patients with hyperactive or short lips and mild cases of VME. This surgery may cost between USD 500 - USD 5,000, depending on the severity.

Orthognathic surgery or orthodontic movement: Severe cases of gummy smiles due to vertical maxillary excess or dentoalveolar extrusion can be treated with orthognathic surgery. This involves repositioning the upper jaw bone with the help of surgery. The surgery is performed in combination with orthodontic treatment (straightening of teeth using braces or other appliances). In some cases, only orthodontic treatment is sufficient to improve the gummy smile. This surgery may cost around USD 20,000 - USD 40,000, and the patient may require 6-12 weeks to heal completely.

Compared to surgical options, non-surgical options are less expensive. However, non-surgical treatment options may not be applicable for all cases of excessive gum display. Consulting with your dentist will help you decide the best treatment option.

To search for the best dentists in Germany, India, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Shilpy Bhandari is an experienced dental surgeon, with specialization in periodontics and implantology. She received her graduate and postgraduate education from Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences in India. Besides her private practice, she enjoys writing on medical topics. She is also interested in evidence-based academic writing and has published several articles in international journals.
References:

Silberberg N, Goldstein M, Smidt A. Excessive gingival display--etiology, diagnosis, and treatment modalities. Quintessence Int. 2009 Nov-Dec;40(10):809-18.

Rao AG, Koganti VP, Prabhakar AK, Soni S. Modified lip repositioning: A surgical approach to treat the gummy smile. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2015 May-Jun;19(3):356-9.

Pavone AF, Ghassemian M, Verardi S. Gummy Smile and Short Tooth Syndrome--Part 1: Etiopathogenesis, Classification, and Diagnostic Guidelines. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2016 Feb;37(2):102-7; quiz 108-10.

Diaspro A, Cavallini M, Piersini P, Sito G. Gummy Smile Treatment: Proposal for a Novel Corrective Technique and a Review of the Literature. Aesthet Surg J. 2018 Nov 12;38(12):1330-1338.

Brizuela M, Ines D. Excessive Gingival Display. [Updated 2022 Sep 12]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022.

Diaspro A, Cavallini M, Piersini P, Sito G. Gummy smile treatment: proposal for a novel corrective technique and a review of the literature. Aesthetic surgery journal. 2018 Nov 12;38(12):1330-8.

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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what is a gummy smile and how can it be fixed

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WHAT IS A GUMMY SMILE AND HOW CAN IT BE FIXED

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A gummy smile is a condition that affects 10-20% of the population and women more commonly. The condition can cause those affected to be self-conscious of their smile. Click to learn about the causes and treatment options, including non-surgical methods.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS as the condition is often called, is a disorder of the women's endocrine system. In this condition, the ovaries produce an abnormal amount of the male sex hormones, or androgens, that are usually present in small quantities in women. It is a disorder that affects at least 7% of adult women.

The polycystic ovary syndrome is named after the characteristic numerous, tiny, fluid-filled sacs (known as cysts) that form along the outer edge of the ovary. However, some women with PCOS may not have cysts, while some without the syndrome do.

PCOS is called a syndrome or group of symptoms that affect the ovaries and ovulation. Its three main features are:

1. Cysts in the ovaries.

2. High levels of androgens.

3. Irregular or skipped periods.

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UNDERSTANDING PIMPLES: CAUSES, TYPES, AND EFFECTIVE TREATMENT STRATEGIES - MYA CARE

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UNDERSTANDING PIMPLES: CAUSES, TYPES, AND EFFECTIVE TREATMENT STRATEGIES - MYA CARE

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Pimples are a common skin condition that can be unsightly and frustrating. Also known as acne, pimples can appear at any time due to a variety of causes, some of which are genetic or hormonal. You can usually spot pimples on the face, neck, chest, and back, yet more advanced types may pervade any area of the body. They may be unnoticeable or may be itchy, red, swollen and sore.

There are several types of pimples, each with its own characteristics, causes, and management techniques. In this article, we’ll explore the causes of acne alongside the different types of pimples, including blackheads, whiteheads, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. We’ll also provide insights on how to get rid of pimples with effective prevention tips and treatment options. By the end of this post, you’ll have a better understanding of pimples and how to keep your skin clear and healthy.

What Causes Pimples?

Pimples are caused by clogged hair follicles and occur due to excessive oil production, a build-up of dead skin cells, skin inflammation and bacterial infections.

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Pimples are a common skin condition that can be unsightly and frustrating. Also known as acne, pimples can appear at any time due to a variety of causes, some of which are genetic or hormonal. You can usually spot pimples on the face, neck, chest, and back, yet more advanced types may pervade any area of the body. They may be unnoticeable or may be itchy, red, swollen and sore.

There are several types of pimples, each with its own characteristics, causes, and management techniques. In this article, we'll explore the causes of acne alongside the different types of pimples, including blackheads, whiteheads, papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts. We'll also provide insights on how to get rid of pimples with effective prevention tips and treatment options. By the end of this post, you'll have a better understanding of pimples and how to keep your skin clear and healthy.

What Causes Pimples?

Pimples are caused by clogged hair follicles and occur due to excessive oil production, a build-up of dead skin cells, skin inflammation and bacterial infections.

Clogged follicles lead to the formation of various types of pimples, each of which depend upon unique inflammatory triggers, the depth at which the follicle is clogged and the degree to which it's infected. In some cases, mild to moderate acne can go on to form moderate to severe acne. In moderate to severe acne, the pore walls break down, leading to more inflammation, redness and worse infections. This is why some types of pimples hurt more than others.

Most acne-related infections arise due to an overabundance of normally present skin microbes such as Propionibacterium acnes and Pityrosporum ovale. Chronic acne is associated with resistant variants of skin bacteria such as cutibacterium acnes, type IC.

To prevent acne, it's important to keep your skin clean, maintain a proper skincare routine and avoid touching your face with unwashed hands.

Acne Triggers

The following factors are known to trigger acne and play a significant role in its development:

Hormonal Changes. Hormone fluctuations can cause an increase in sebum (skin oil) production, which can clog pores and lead to acne. Androgens are especially implicated. This is why acne is common during puberty, adolescence, the week leading to menses, pregnancy, menopause and in those with hormonal disorders.

Stress. Pimples can form in response to stress due to the way cortisol causes an increase in androgen production. These hormones stimulate the sebaceous glands and lead to acne.

Skin Inflammation. If the skin is overly inflamed or damaged, it can cause micro lesions (tiny cuts) in the skin's pores. These can easily trap dead skin cells and oil, as well as become infected. Inflammation also hinders the wound-healing process, which often contributes towards perpetuating chronic acne.

Excessive Sweating. Breakouts are commonly observed after profuse sweating during the hotter months of the year. These are thought to contribute towards acne formation by helping the pores clog with dead skin cells and increasing bacterial growth. Sweat glands can also harbour acne-causing bacteria if immune defenses don't function optimally.

Diet and Lifestyle. Factors such as low levels of physical activity, consuming a diet high in sugar or dairy products, smoking, dehydration and not getting enough sleep can contribute to the development of acne. Most of these reduce immune function, promote unbalanced blood sugar levels, increase sebum production and can detract from overall skin health. Oil-heavy cosmetics and too much sun exposure are other lifestyle factors that can lead to pimples.

Genetics. Genetics can play a role in the development of acne. If your parents had acne or other health conditions that increase the risk, you may be more likely to develop it as well. Genetics may also determine how strong your immune system is and how it responds to skin infections, which can predispose you to chronic acne.

Skin Conditions. Certain skin conditions, such as rosacea and folliculitis, can cause acne-like bumps on the skin and predispose one to acne due to immune changes and skin barrier dysfunction. It's important to see a dermatologist if you're unsure whether your skin condition is acne or something else.

6 Common Types of Pimples

There are 6 common types of pimples that can constitute an acne breakout. All types of pimples require optimal care to prevent future scarring and other blemishes. The following section provides descriptions and pictures that can help to identify and treat different types of pimples.

Mild Acne

Mild acne is the most common type and the most superficial. It consists of the comedones, which are small bumps that appear on the skin's surface. They can be divided into two main types:

Whiteheads are closed comedones that are small, round blemishes with a white or flesh-colored center. They are formed close to the skin's surface in the epidermis. Whiteheads are not normally itchy, sore, red or inflamed and they usually go away on their own with proper care.

Blackheads are open comedones and are often the smallest types of pimples. Like whiteheads, they're formed in the epidermis and don't clog the skin at a deep level. Contrary to popular belief, the black color is not a result of dirt. Instead, trapped dirt, oil, cellular debris and bacteria oxidize when exposed to the open air, giving blackheads their signature color.

How to Treat Mild Acne. Mild acne often goes away on its own with a good skincare routine, hygiene and leading a healthy lifestyle. If persistent, over-the-counter medications and natural remedies will suffice. You don't need to see a medical specialist for mild acne. If the acne doesn't resolve, you may wish to consult with a doctor or dermatologist to get a proper diagnosis for moderate to severe acne and receive an optimal treatment plan.

Moderate Acne

Moderate acne is the most common type of chronic inflammatory acne, also referred to as acne vulgaris. This leads to the appearance of larger red pimples that are formed deeper than those seen in cases of mild acne. The two types of moderate acne are reviewed below:

Papules. Papules are small, red spots that are sometimes raised, are not filled with fluid and can be tender to the touch. They develop when the walls around your pores break down due to severe inflammation.

Pustules. Recognizable by their white or yellow centers surrounded by red, inflamed skin, pustules are larger pimples than whiteheads that are more severely infected. Unlike their smaller counterparts, these may be itchy or feel sore.

How to Treat Moderate Acne. Some cases of moderate acne require the medical attention of a dermatologist, while other cases can be managed through natural remedies, over-the-counter options and proper skincare.

Severe Acne

Severe acne is the worst type, consisting of nodules and cysts. These often arise together and are referred to as nodulocystic acne. Nodulocystic acne is more prevalent in tropical regions (for unknown reasons) and often gives rise to heavy scarring. You can identify nodules and cysts from the following descriptions:

Nodules. These can be seen as a more advanced type of papule, being larger, deeper, and more painful. The pore walls are ruptured more with larger lesions present in the dermis, resulting in skin redness due to inflammation. They're diagnosed as being over 5mm in diameter and feel hard or fibrous. Nodular acne can remain for weeks to months if not treated adequately.

Cysts. Cystic pimples are the most severe type of acne and can be incredibly painful. They are large, fluid-filled lumps, 7-15mm in diameter, that develop in the deeper layers of skin. While these may contain large lesions beneath the skin that are sore, they're not as red as nodules. Unlike nodules, they possess a thick, strong wall that surrounds the fluid, making them firm yet movable. They often lead to scarring if left untreated.

How to Treat Nodulocystic Acne. All cases of nodulocystic acne require the expertise of a dermatologist. The most advanced cases may benefit from multiple treatment options, which typically include a combination of prescription medications, specialized skincare products and dermatologic procedures. After the acne subsides, cosmetic procedures to minimize the appearance of scarring are frequently sought after.

Should You Pop Pimples?

There are no types of pimples that you can pop without risking a worse problem at a later date. Many people try to pop mild to moderate acne, only to perpetuate it or allow for the formation of severe acne and scars. When you pop a pimple, it damages the skin surrounding it and often causes some of the contents to become more deeply lodged. It also allows for the contents to spread on the skin's surface. This can be painful and stressful, as well as lead to a higher number of infected skin lesions. If a pimple is severe enough and won't go away, you can opt for acne surgery or comedone extraction at a dermatologist's office.

Pimple Popping and Skin-Picking Disorder. Although popping a pimple is not a good idea, it might seem like a rewarding one due to the way it triggers dopamine release in a similar fashion to scratching an itch. Some people get addicted to popping their pimples and this can lead to a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder known as skin-picking disorder or excoriation disorder. While young men and male teenagers are more prone to acne, females are more prone to having a pimple-popping addiction. Pimple-popping addiction can be treated by keeping your hands busy instead of popping the pimple and treating the cause to prevent acne from forming.

Pimple Treatment Options

When it comes to treating different types of pimples, one size does not fit all. Tailoring your treatment approach based on the specific type of pimples you're dealing with is essential for effective management.

Natural Remedies for Acne

These can be added or found in natural skincare products designed to treat acne.

Essential Oils. There are many types of essential oils that help with pimples, including tea tree and lavender. These have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties that can inhibit acne bacteria, lower skin redness, reduce scar formation and promote optimal skin repair. Other essential oils have nourishing effects that regulate skin oil production, such as jojoba and rosehip oil.

Natural Astringents[9]. These help counter acne by stripping the skin of excess oil and dead skin, often exhibiting similar anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties to the oils listed above. Examples include witch hazel and green tea.

Mineral Clay[10]. Mineral clay or mud, such as bentonite clay, is known to help suck up excess oil and skin debris, inhibit pathogens and re-mineralize the skin, which keeps it clean, healthy and hydrated.

Does Putting Toothpaste on Pimples Work?

Toothpaste is a tried and trusted home remedy for getting rid of pimples overnight. While it may dry out and shrink a pimple, it's known to be too harsh for the skin and can promote inflammation that may eventually lead to more acne. If your pimples don't go away and natural remedies or over-the-counter solutions don't work, it's best to consult with a dermatologist about your condition.

Over-The-Counter Solutions

Over-the-counter topical treatments can help to reduce red pimples and prevent further breakouts. They commonly contain antibacterial ingredients that lower inflammation, dissolve dead skin cells and enhance skin repair. Examples include benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, alpha hydroxy acids, low-grade retinoids and azelaic acid.

Most products targeting acne will contain up to 10% of one of these ingredients. As they are potent and can cause side effects such as skin dryness, redness and peeling, it's recommended to start on a low-dose product first. If you have moderate acne, you might prefer to start with a medium dose.

Prescription Medications

If your pimples aren't going away even after making lifestyle changes and trying an over-the-counter formulation for a number of weeks, then it's time to see a dermatologist.

Dermatologists work to resolve even the most intensive cases of nodulocystic acne and will prescribe creams, gels, or oral medications while monitoring the patient for signs of improvement. These medications may include prescription retinoids, antibiotics, hormonal treatments and cortisone shots. Your doctor will decide on the best option depending on the underlying cause.

Before agreeing to any prescription, it's important to ask the dermatologist about the side effects, as some of them can pose lifelong consequences, such as isotretinoin and antiandrogens. Some topical treatments may make your skin more sensitive to light as well.

Dermatologic Procedures

Some forms of acne may not respond to topical or oral treatment options, may give rise to scars or may otherwise benefit from a combination of therapies. In these cases, a dermatologist may perform one of several procedures known to be effective at removing acne and scarring. These include:

Acne surgery. Also known as comedone extraction, acne surgery is a professional technique for removing pimples and blemishes. A dermatologist makes use of a special tool known as a comedone extractor, which removes the pimple without risking further breakouts. This is often used to get rid of very stubborn blemishes and to enhance oral or topical treatments.

Light Therapy. There are many types of light therapies capable of improving acne. Most options appear to be effective against papules and pustules, although photodynamic therapy can help to treat cystic acne as well. Light therapy can make the skin sensitive to sunlight afterward. It's important to discuss whether light therapy is contraindicated while taking other acne prescription medications that may exacerbate the side effects.

Skin Resurfacing Techniques. Microdermabrasion, chemical peels and laser skin resurfacing all work by removing the top layers of the skin through different mediums. This destroys acne, bacteria and gets rid of superficial scarring.

Regenerative Procedures. Microneedling and filler injections can promote skin regeneration and do away with scarring. Fillers have the added benefit of reshaping the face in severe cases.

Prevention and Long-Term Care

Preventing pimples goes beyond treating them once they've appeared. Adopting a holistic approach to skincare and making certain lifestyle adjustments can significantly contribute to preventing pimples.

Daily Skincare Habits

Your daily routine should include gentle cleansing, exfoliation and moisturizing that can keep your skin clear and prevent pores from becoming clogged.

It's essential to use products that don't create more inflammation in the skin and add to the problem. Opt for a special facial soap that has a pH of 5.5 or soap for sensitive skin. An astringent toner that doesn't burn can be useful for dissolving dead skin cells and getting rid of excessive oil. Moisturizing is essential after applying an astringent to nourish the skin and keep it hydrated. These effects can be enhanced with skin-supportive nutrients and ingredients that combat acne.

Dietary Considerations

Diet profoundly influences skin health through complex mechanisms involving the regulation of hormones, inflammation and the microbiome. Consuming a balanced diet containing nutrient-rich fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can contribute to hormonal equilibrium and dampen inflammatory responses, helping to support healthy skin free of acne.

On the other hand, types of foods that can cause pimples include dairy, sugary foods, and highly processed snacks. Excessive intake of these might elevate insulin levels and growth factors that promote excess oil and skin cell production.

Lifestyle Adjustments

Managing stress through relaxation techniques and getting adequate sleep can have a positive impact on your skin's health. Staying hydrated is equally important, as it helps maintain your skin's moisture balance. Exercising can help to reduce acne formation through regulating stress, hormones and blood glucose; however, it gives rise to sweating. It's important to wash after breaking a sweat to prevent a breakout.

Conclusion

Pimples come in various forms, each with their own characteristics and treatment strategies. Understanding the different types of pimples and tailoring your approach to managing them can lead to clearer, healthier skin. Remember that consistency in your skincare routine, seeking professional advice when needed, and making positive lifestyle changes all play a crucial role in keeping pimples at bay. By embracing a multifaceted approach, you can achieve skin that radiates confidence and health.

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UNDERSTANDING PIMPLES: CAUSES, TYPES, AND EFFECTIVE TREATMENT STRATEGIES

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Pimples come in various forms, each with their own characteristics and treatment strategies. Click to learn more about the causes, triggers, preventive measures, and why pimple popping is not advised.

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THE PROS AND CONS OF INTERMITTENT FASTING - MYA CARE

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THE PROS AND CONS OF INTERMITTENT FASTING - MYA CARE

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By now, you must have heard of intermittent fasting. As the name suggests, it focuses on when you eat, not what you eat.

While these alternating intervals of extreme calorie reduction with periods of normal eating may be touted as the holy grail for weight loss, newer studies call fasting into question.

Intermittent fasting may in fact work for certain people. Proponents of the regimen claim that it helps shed pounds faster than traditional diets. It also reduces the risk of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and inflammation. However, for some people, intermittent fasting can do more harm than good.

for more:- https://myacare.com/blog/the-pros-and-cons-of-intermittent-fasting

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FACTORS THAT AFFECT BONE DENSITY - MYA CARE

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FACTORS THAT AFFECT BONE DENSITY - MYA CARE

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Bone density-related disorders are quite common across the world. In fact, a comprehensive analysis of the incidence of osteoporosis among those aged 15–105 (the most common bone density disorder) showed a prevalence of 23.1% in women and 11.7% in men worldwide. Adequate bone density safeguards against osteoporosis and associated risks such as fractures, breaks, and sprains. Additionally, your bones support your muscles and protect your internal organs. Robust bone strength also helps in physically demanding activities (E.g. dancing, hiking, weight training), sports performance, and the rigours of daily life.

What is Bone Density?

Calcium and other minerals in a person's bones indicate their bone density. A variety of factors influence it. In other words, we can say that bone health is determined by bone density.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/factors-that-affect-bone-density

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WHY ARE HEALTHY PEOPLE USING WEARABLE DIABETES MONITORS? - MYA CARE

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WHY ARE HEALTHY PEOPLE USING WEARABLE DIABETES MONITORS? - MYA CARE

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Picture this: You are jogging through picturesque countryside on a dirt path. You stop at a vantage point and look down at your phone. You find that your blood sugar readings are normal according to the number that flashes on screen. You smile to yourself and continue your run.

But can your phone measure your blood sugar level, and why would knowing your glucose readings in the middle of a run matter?

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/why-are-healthy-people-using-wearable-diabetes-monitors

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THE BENEFITS OF JUMPING FOR YOUR HEALTH AS YOU GET OLDER -  MYA CARE

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THE BENEFITS OF JUMPING FOR YOUR HEALTH AS YOU GET OLDER -  MYA CARE

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Jumping exercises are easy to do, fun-filled, and beneficial for health. Jumping exercises can be in the form of jumping ropes, jumping jacks, or simply jumping. As we age, we are reluctant to jump because we fear injuries. But, the opposite is true because jumping strengthens your muscles and bones and improves your balance, so the chances of injuries to those who jump daily are less. In addition, jumping with friends can help you relive your childhood, with the added benefit of improving mental well-being.

Jumping does not require any large space or equipment. It can be done at your home with ease. If you are reluctant to go to the gym or run because of the pollution or lack of space, you can jump in the comfort of your home.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/the-benefits-of-jumping-for-your-health-as-you-get-older

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TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR HIP FRACTURE (SURGICAL AND NON-SURGICAL) - MYA CARE

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TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR HIP FRACTURE (SURGICAL AND NON-SURGICAL) - MYA CARE

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A hip fracture is a break in the bone that makes up your hip joint. It can happen to anyone, but it’s a common injury among the elderly. Accidents aren’t the only cause of hip fractures. Various factors, like medication and lifestyle choices, can make you vulnerable to fracturing your hip.

There are several non-surgical and surgical treatments for hip fractures. These treatments can range from physical therapy to bone stimulation, or even total hip replacement. If left untreated, your hip fracture may lead to severe complications.

Read on to learn about hip fractures and the best treatment options to fix them.

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MEDICALLY INDUCED COMA: WHAT IT IS, HOW IT WORKS, WHO BENEFITS, AND RECOVERY OUTCOMES - MYA CARE

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MEDICALLY INDUCED COMA: WHAT IT IS, HOW IT WORKS, WHO BENEFITS, AND RECOVERY OUTCOMES - MYA CARE

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While a coma is perceived to be a scary event with a high chance of mortality, under the right circumstances, it may just save a person’s life.

The below article aims to explore what a medically induced coma is, when a healthcare practitioner might prescribe one, and how it might help to enhance recovery outcomes in the emergency ward.

What is a Medically Induced Coma?

A medically induced coma is a reversible state of deep unresponsiveness that is brought about by sedative administration in an attempt to protect the brain from traumatic damage. The sedatives trigger unconsciousness by suppressing various aspects of brain activity. This helps to lessen the energy requirements of the brain that would otherwise be used to sustain conscious arousal, enabling it to spend more energy on regeneration. Occasionally, doctors may resort to using cryotherapy or extreme hypothermia to help achieve or complement the effects of a medically induced coma.

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While a coma is perceived to be a scary event with a high chance of mortality, under the right circumstances, it may just save a person's life.

The below article aims to explore what a medically induced coma is, when a healthcare practitioner might prescribe one, and how it might help to enhance recovery outcomes in the emergency ward.

What is a Medically Induced Coma?

A medically induced coma is a reversible state of deep unresponsiveness that is brought about by sedative administration in an attempt to protect the brain from traumatic damage. The sedatives trigger unconsciousness by suppressing various aspects of brain activity. This helps to lessen the energy requirements of the brain that would otherwise be used to sustain conscious arousal, enabling it to spend more energy on regeneration. Occasionally, doctors may resort to using cryotherapy or extreme hypothermia to help achieve or complement the effects of a medically induced coma.

There are varying degrees of unresponsiveness that a person in a coma may experience. Healthcare specialists typically monitor the patient by running a series of simple tests that assess their level of responsivity, including their ability to speak, gesticulate, and exhibit involuntary reflexes, such as automatic reflexes and pupil dilation. It is usual for a person in a coma to lose their cognitive abilities yet to retain normal sleep patterns and brain activity pertaining to vital functions required for their survival, such as maintaining their heartbeat.

Medically Induced Coma vs. Sedation, Anesthesia, the Vegetative State, and Brain Death

A coma can seem very similar to being heavily sedated, in a vegetative state, or to brain death. The differences are discussed briefly below:

Sedation. Medically induced comas can be difficult to distinguish from sedation, particularly as sedatives are often used to achieve them. They may be viewed as the ultimate form of sedation, resulting in complete and prolonged unconsciousness. Normal forms of sedation typically attempt to lower arousal in a patient and calm down the nervous system, which may be considered a mild or partial suppression of specific aspects of consciousness. Patients that are heavily sedated may experience confusion or be unable to respond normally due to feeling either extremely drowsy or disconnected.

Anesthesia. Anesthesia may be viewed as a temporary, medically induced coma that is achieved through a lower dose of similar medications with the intention of preventing body trauma and pain due to surgical procedures. While the two states are very similar, experts often point out that anesthesia and a drug-induced coma are distinct states of unconsciousness that result in different patterns of brain activity, with a medically induced coma being considered a more intensive state than general anesthesia. Patients in a medically induced coma may dream and remember certain sensations after resuming consciousness, such as hunger or thirst felt during the comatose state. Anesthesia generally causes complete amnesia. However, some studies have shown that faulty administration may not fully suppress consciousness, resulting in unexpected sensations of pain.

The Vegetative State may look similar to a coma, yet the patient suffers from a depressed sense of consciousness as opposed to complete unconsciousness. While they are unable to move, they are still able to respond to a variety of stimuli, such as pain or sound.

Brain Death refers to a state where the brain stops working entirely, rendering the person unconscious and unable to survive without life support.

Use Cases for Induced Coma and Potential Benefits

Why Is A Person Put In A Medically Induced Coma? A medically induced coma is often only used as a last, life-saving resort in the emergency ward of the hospital. A coma is medically induced to protect brain function in cases of traumatic injury. While traumatic brain injury is the most common ground for inducing a medically induced coma, its use can extend to other kinds of injuries that can lead to brain damage. Secondary justifications may include pain relief, end-of-life support, and other similar applications pertaining to palliative care.

Medically Induced Coma After Heart Attack. After a heart attack or cardiac arrest, a patient is either in a natural coma or sedated and placed in a medically induced coma. As anesthetics are associated with an increased risk for post-surgical heart attacks and cardiac complications , an induced coma after a heart attack may only be a partially good strategy for preventing potential brain damage. Mild hypothermia has been shown to lower the risk of brain injury and increase survival rates in patients in a coma after a heart attack in which resuscitation was successful .

Medically Induced Coma for Seizures and Status Epilepticus. In Status Epilepticus, a potentially life-threatening condition, a seizure lasts longer than 5 mins.. It is not unusual for prolonged seizures to occur after traumatic brain injury, cardiac arrest or heart attack. In severe cases of status epilepticus, the doctor may resort to treating a patient with a medically induced coma. In this instance, it can help to reduce seizure duration and promote a quicker resolution of the condition, as indicated by shorter hospital stays and time spent in ICU.

How A Medically Induced Coma Works

A medically induced coma follows similar principles to a natural coma, as described below:

How a Coma Can Protect The Brain. In an ordinary coma, brain networks involved in generating consciousness are placed under pressure, usually as a result of compromised brain oxygen and increased pressure inside the cranium due to injury, infection, or toxicity. Lowered brain oxygen and glucose disrupt brain energy production, causing increased neurologic excitation and firing, a higher seizure risk, inflammation release, and neuronal cell death. This causes the brain to shut down in order to protect itself from immediate harm, resulting in a coma in which neuronal firing is slower and greatly reduced. Depending on the cause, it may also promote secondary waves of brain injury that can manifest hours to days after the coma begins. Patients in a coma may thus still experience various aspects of conscious arousal and suffer from seizures. The degree to which the coma protects the brain and promotes regeneration often dictates how well the patient is able to recover.

Effectiveness of Medically Induced Coma as a Treatment. The drugs used to induce a medical coma typically work by suppressing the networks used to generate consciousness, allowing the brain to rest and regenerate more efficiently. Their efficacy depends on the patient, their condition, and the sedative used. Animal studies have shown that prolonged general anesthesia can promote new synapse formation during a coma and prevent neuronal loss, shedding light on the additional neuroprotective properties of a medically induced coma. On the other hand, barbiturates may increase the risk for late awakening, brain inflammatory changes, long-term delirium, and poor prognosis.

How a Medically Induced Coma is Sustained. Anesthetics such as isoflurane and propofol, high-strength GABAergic medications, and/or barbiturates are the most common form of medication used to induce a coma. The sedative is continuously administered every couple of hours to keep the patient unconscious in an attempt to minimize brain injury. The patient is usually checked every couple of hours to ensure they are still unconscious and sufficiently medicated to maintain the coma. Top establishments often make use of EEG equipment to monitor the patient's brain state of arousal, some of which may automatically administer medication as required. The patient usually requires the respiratory assistance of a ventilator and is often also administered with other medications to stop seizures, lower blood pressure, and keep the heart beating regularly. The moment the sedatives are withdrawn, the brain activity gradually reverts to normal, and the patient slowly wakes up from the artificial coma.
Stages of Anesthesia or Heavy Sedation in a Medically Induced Coma
In anesthesia, states of unresponsiveness are known to progress in four stages:

1. Pain relief or disorientation. Pain-relieving pills are given that render the patient unconscious after taking effect.

2. Excitement or delirium. Involuntary movements, behaviors, muscle spasms, and reflexes occur during this stage, which ceases when the dosing scales up toward stage 3.

3. Surgical anesthesia. This is the optimal dose required for surgery and is reached when the muscles relax, and involuntary reflexes such as pupil dilation cease to function. The patient can be considered in a coma at this stage.

4. Overdose. When too much anesthetic is administered, vital functions such as breathing stop. Mechanical ventilation and other medications to regulate cardiovascular function and blood pressure become necessary at this point.

Unlike a conventional surgical scenario, the patient usually requires a medically induced coma when they are already in a state of physical trauma. This tends to render stages 1 and 2 irrelevant, as the patient may already be unconscious or suffering from disorientation, overstimulation of the nervous system, seizures, and/or involuntary spasms, reflexes, and movements. The third stage and especially the fourth stage can be used to induce an artificial coma that might help to protect the brain under such conditions.

Coming Out of a Medically Induced Coma: The 3 Stages

Unlike general anesthesia, coming out of an artificial coma does not generally take between 2 and 24 hours as the patient is often unconscious for several days to months and becomes physically dependent on sedatives.

Drug Withdrawal and Early Responses. The physician will slowly wean the patient off the sedatives. They may only begin to regain consciousness a few days after administration completely ceases, depending on the duration of the coma. The first signs of consciousness tend to be basic responses of the patient, in which they respond to simple cues such as light or sound and may be able to follow simple commands, such as blinking when asked or moving a limb. The responses tend to be slow and inconsistent, becoming more certain with time.

Confusion, Agitation, and Delirium. After some time, the patient may progress to the next stage in which they may feel agitated and/or confused, a state indicative of temporary delirium. They tend to be uncertain of who they are, where they are, or how they got there. They may need to be restrained due to acting out, yelling, or striking out until more of the sedative effects wear off.

Re-emergence and Recovery. Eventually, they reach the final stages, where they are more conscious, respond without difficulty, and are not delirious, yet they may still suffer from neurologic symptoms. Problem-solving, judgment, decision-making, and physical safety may be impaired. Depending on the duration of the coma and the condition of the patient, they may remain in one stage or recover fully without any complications. If recovery is possible, it is not certain how long the process will take.

Safety Profile: Complication Risks, Side Effects, and Contraindications

Medically induced comas can be a safe and effective way to save a person's life, protect the brain from further damage, or provide pain relief when in a critical condition. Due to the effects long-term sedation can have on the brain, an induced coma is not without side effects.

Side Effects of being in a coma are usually temporary and treated during the recovery phase. These can include physical weakness, disorientation, amnesia, difficulties either sleeping or staying awake, and issues pertaining to various aspects of cognition, such as comprehension and speech. Withdrawal from the sedative medications used to induce coma is one of the most common side effects. Patients may experience withdrawal effects as a result of abruptly needing to stop any medications they were taking before the coma as well. They may additionally require treatment for respiratory infections or UTIs.

Complication Risks. Long-term side effects of medically induced coma may resolve with appropriate treatment and prevention strategies or may be lifelong. The most prevalent ones are as follows:

Delirium. Some patients that have taken high doses of coma-inducing sedatives go on to acquire delirium and similar states of altered cognition. Studies reveal that this is likely a result of individual reactions to these drugs, pertaining to the inflammatory and neurologic profile of the patient in question. One study revealed that delirium might only occur in patients in whom interleukin 6 is too high, which is a specific type of inflammatory compound associated with delirium and chronic disease.

Severe Withdrawal. Severe withdrawal effects from sedatives or other medications, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, or pre-prescribed sedatives, are likely to compound the side effects associated with a medically induced coma. The patient may experience cognitive difficulties long after recovery and require assistance when resuming their prior medical prescriptions.

Seizures. Occasionally, seizures may develop when coming out of a coma. This is more of a concern for a patient that was placed in a coma in order to treat severe epilepsy. Sometimes seizures of an epileptic patient are not successfully treated by a medically induced coma, with the seizures resuming after sedation stops. In some, this can worsen the intensity of seizures.

Overdose-Related Syndromes and Toxicities. Being administered certain types of anesthetic drugs via IV drip can cause systemic toxicities that are eventually fatal. Propofol-related infusion syndrome is one example. The physician will decide which anesthetic is the most appropriate one indicated for treatment that lowers the risk of such complications.

Contraindications. As medically induced comas are often used to save someone's life in an emergency, they are often not deemed contraindicated in any circumstance that warrants their appropriate use. However, they may be contraindicated in a patient that is allergic or highly reactive to the sedative agent, in which treatment may serve to hinder their condition or increase the risk of mortality.

Recovery Prognosis and Survival Rate

What is the Survival Rate of a Medically Induced Coma? The chances of coming out of medically induced comas are quite high compared to natural comas, as they are reversible. They usually only last for 1-2 days. The prognosis worsens substantially after 4-6 days, yet some patients are still able to recover even after 6 months.

Induced Coma Prognosis. Recovery from a coma depends on the areas of the brain that are affected and how well the brain manages to prevent secondary injury as a result of prolonged faulty brain energy metabolism. This can sometimes be assessed through EEG testing. Patients that take longer to achieve stability tend to have a much poorer prognosis. If the coma lasts for weeks to months, the patient may suffer from lifelong disability, be in a permanent vegetative state or pass away. Risk factors for longer coma durations include older age, kidney insufficiency, and systemic shock. The types of medications administered and whether cooling was also used or not can also affect the outcome. The best prognosis has been seen in using hypothermia and when treating status epilepticus with a drug-induced coma.

Optimizing Medically Induced Coma Recovery. Medical experts are trained to monitor the patient throughout the entire process to minimize the risk of complications. Keeping the patient at a cooler temperature is known to minimize potential brain damage and maximize recovery. During recovery from a medical coma, placing personal objects around the patient as well as encouraging social visits and support from family and friends, can help to reduce disorientation in susceptible patients. Depending on the length of the coma, rehabilitation may include the need for physiotherapy and/or an adequate exercise routine. It is advisable for the patient to engage in maintaining strict sleep hygiene, which demands setting a bedtime, lowering activity before bed, and getting light during the daytime. If the brain gets damaged, the patient may need to relearn basic life skills, demanding occupational therapy. Ubiquinol and B vitamins may greatly improve recovery outcomes.

Conclusion

A medically induced coma renders a person reversibly unconscious on anesthetic sedatives in an attempt to minimize damage, trauma, and pain. It is mostly used as a last resort in ICU and emergency wards to treat patients with traumatic brain injury, prolonged seizures, or after cardiac arrest. When in a coma, the brain uses less energy more efficiently and stands a better chance of recovering from oxygen loss and injury. The prognosis tends to vary from patient to patient, depending on the cause of the injury and the degree of stabilization required.

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Sources: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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MEDICALLY INDUCED COMA: WHAT IT IS, HOW IT WORKS, WHO BENEFITS, AND RECOVERY OUTCOMES

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A medically induced coma might sound concerning but can be life-saving. Click to learn how it works, when it is used, its benefits, and recovery outcomes.

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UTERINE FIBROIDS: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW TO MAKE INFORMED DECISIONS - MYA CARE

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UTERINE FIBROIDS: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW TO MAKE INFORMED DECISIONS - MYA CARE

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Uterine fibroids are benign growths of the wombs that affect approximately 20-40% of women, usually during their childbearing years.[1]

Also known as uterine leiomyomas or myomas, these growths are the most common tumors of the female reproductive tract. They are hardly ever malignant and are not correlated with an increased risk of uterine cancer.

Uterine fibroids vary in size, shape, and location, and may come and go.

Types of uterine leiomyoma are classified according to their location:

Intramural fibroids are found inside the muscle tissue of the uterine wall.

Subserosal fibroids are found under the skin on the outside of the uterus (not in the cervix).

Submucosal fibroids are found beneath the uterine lining inside the uterus.

Pedunculated fibroids refer to those that grow on stalks attached to the uterus.

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UTERINE FIBROIDS: WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW TO MAKE INFORMED DECISIONS | Mya Care

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Gather essential information about Uterine Fibroids, including their causes, symptoms, and treatment options, to make informed decisions about managing this common condition.

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IS RINSING YOUR SINUSES WITH NETI POTS SAFE? - MYA CARE

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IS RINSING YOUR SINUSES WITH NETI POTS SAFE? - MYA CARE

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There are numerous home remedies for common cold and you probably have tried a couple of them that work for you. One such remedy is using neti pots that people resort to when they have a stuffy nose to rinse out their sinuses.

A neti pot is a small utensil with a long spout that resembles a small teapot. It comes in either plastic or ceramic forms. It is designed to wash out your nose by flushing solution through your sinuses. Neti pots are very easy to use as they involve a straightforward process you can do from the comfort of your home without medical help. However, it is more than just running liquid through your nose.

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There are numerous home remedies for common cold and you probably have tried a couple of them that work for you. One such remedy is using neti pots that people resort to when they have a stuffy nose to rinse out their sinuses.

A neti pot is a small utensil with a long spout that resembles a small teapot. It comes in either plastic or ceramic forms. It is designed to wash out your nose by flushing solution through your sinuses. Neti pots are very easy to use as they involve a straightforward process you can do from the comfort of your home without medical help. However, it is more than just running liquid through your nose.

As much as several ear, nose, and throat surgeons have recommended its use for nasal irrigation, the FDA still warns that if not properly used, using neti pots can be dangerous and put you at a higher risk of infections. So is it safe to use this device to rinse sinuses? This article details this process and how you can do it the right way.

Rinsing your Sinuses

Sinuses are small spaces filled with air behind the face's bony structures. The openings in your nose lead to them, which is why they are susceptible to becoming clogged with mucus due to the inflow of contaminants such as dust, pollen, and debris, often leading to infections which could lead to inflammation. When the sinuses are clogged, they could make breathing difficult and make you uncomfortable. Unclogging sinuses can be done by rinsing them out, a process also known as nasal irrigation.

Several irrigating devices are used to carry out this process, such as bulb syringes, neti pots, squeeze bottles, and pulsed water devices. Out of these devices, none is safer or better than the other as long as they are properly cleaned and used. They are the most effective non-pharmacologic means to clear mucus and debris from your sinuses. Another alternative is nasal spray bottles, but they only provide the right amount of mist to dry sinuses, whereas irrigation devices do a better job at rinsing out. Neti pots are the most commonly used of all these devices.

Importance of Nasal Irrigation

This process is very useful in several conditions and can relieve symptoms such as continuous sneezing, runny nose, itchy nose, and difficulty breathing. Irritation of the sinuses often happens due to pathogens, debris, or allergens that get trapped in the nose during breathing. If you experience any of these ailments, you can try rinsing your sinuses to relieve your symptoms:

Upper respiratory infections, which include sinusitis (sinus infections), pharyngitis (sore throat), common cold, laryngitis (inflammation of the larynx), and epiglottitis.

Allergic reactions

Fun fact: Studies have shown that people who carry out nasal rinse daily have noticed their allergic symptoms reduce after a few weeks.

Aside from relieving infection symptoms, nasal irrigation also has other benefits, which are:

cleansing your nasal cavity

improving your sinuses' ability to self-clean

preventing harmful microbes from getting into the brain

removing elements that could cause inflammation.

Nasal irrigation is contraindicated in some conditions. If you suffer from any of the following conditions, you should not rinse your sinuses:

1. Ear infections

2. If a nostril or both nostrils are entirely clogged

3. Presence of pressure in either or both ears

4. History of previous surgery performed on either the ears or the sinuses.

How to Use Neti Pots to Rinse Your Sinuses: A Stepwise Approach

Nasal irrigation using neti pots can be carried out in easy steps. If unsure how to do it, you can ask for help or seek another alternative to clear your sinuses. The steps involved are described below:

1. First, wash your hands and the neti pot you use for nasal irrigation with soap and water. This is to prevent further sinus contamination from either your hands or the solution that will be run through your nose.

2. The next step is to get your saltwater solution. This could come in powdered form or are sometimes already mixed and filled into containers with applicators and ready for use. If you are using the ready-made solution, you can skip to the fourth step. But if you plan to make a DIY solution, you must get very clean filtered water that has already been distilled or boiled. Then take a cup or two of water and mix it with either a quarter or half a teaspoon of non-iodized salt (sodium chloride) and boil for at least a minute in a pot or kettle to make it warm. Be careful not to make use of table salt that has been iodized.

3. Let the boiled solution cool down until it is not too hot or cold. Then fill up the neti pot you want to use with the lukewarm saline solution.

4. Next, attain a position where you can lean over the bathroom sink, look down and then tilt your head to one side, keeping one ear close to the sink and the other towards the ceiling. This should appear as if you are trying to listen to a sound from the drain. Then depending on how you want the water to run, you can adjust your position.

5. After positioning, you are ready to rinse your sinus by placing the neti pot's snout inside your top nostril and tilting it till water flows through your top nostril to the one below. While doing this, you will feel the liquid drain through the lower nostril and spill into the sink until you run out of solution. Throughout this process, you want to keep breathing through your mouth so you do not aspirate the solution.

6. Lastly, blow your nose by breathing out forcefully to eliminate the remaining mucus or solution. You can repeat the steps to clear your sinuses further.

7. When you are done, throw away the prefilled container, or the neti pot you used should be cleaned and dried with a fresh towel.

Risks and Side Effects Involved in Rinsing Sinuses Using Neti Pots

Generally, no risks are involved in using neti pots for nasal irrigation. However, the problem occurs when you use just any water you get your hands on. As simple as making the saline solution is, using contaminated water can do more harm than good to your sinuses. Hence, you must use water free of contaminants, dissolved minerals (hard water), or other substances that could cause an infection.

Using tap water directly should also be avoided, even if it is safe for drinking because there are enzymes in the stomach that can render the microbes harmless. These enzymes are absent in the sinus, so these microbes could stay, grow, and get to the brain, resulting in life-threatening conditions such as meningitis and meningoencephalitis. This is why it is specifically mentioned to use distilled or sterile water before mixing.

Nasal irrigation has no side effects. However, some people have reported experiencing a burning or stinging sensation in their noses while carrying it out. This can happen due to a high concentration of salt in the solution or using water that is not warm enough not to irritate the sinuses. Nose bleeding could also result from its use if care is not taken while sticking the pot's pout in the nostril to run the solution.

Safety Tips while Using Neti Pots

As discussed above, there are more benefits than risks involved in using this device to relieve nasal congestion or irrigate sinuses. There are some tips you can also take note of regarding its use. Here are some of them:

Change your neti pot as frequently every three or four months as you change your toothbrush to prevent the buildup of microbes on the snout. However, the ceramic type can be used for longer, even up to several years.

Refrain from sharing your neti pot with anyone as you could pass bacteria or other microbes to the other person or vice versa.

To eliminate any potential germs in the water that could cause infections, only use distilled or boiling water.

Too hot or too cold water might not only damage your neti pot but might not do the job effectively. Lukewarm water is most suitable.

Avoid using neti pots on babies to clear their sinuses.

Before using it for younger children, speak with a pediatrician to see if it is age appropriate and consider other safer alternatives for nasal irrigation.

If you begin to feel a sting in your nostrils while using a neti pot, or you begin to feel ear pain, or it does not improve your symptoms, you should not use it any further.

Avoid using the neti pot too often, as it could irritate your sinuses. A decent amount of mucus in your nasal passages is important to protect the body from infections or bacteria.

Use nasal irrigation only when you have symptoms.

After each use, clean your neti pot with hot water and antibacterial soap, then dry properly with a paper towel or clean cloth. Alternatively, you can simply air dry it.

Ensure you put your washed neti pot away in a clean place, not exposed to germs.

Are There Alternatives to Neti Pots?

As listed earlier, there are other irrigation devices you can make use of.

Nasal squeeze bottles: They do the job as well as neti pots when flushing out the sinuses. On the other hand, these bottles do not require tilting your head all you have to do is lean forward.

Nasal bulb syringes: These are used for infants and young children. They carry a decent volume of saline solution at a time, and the long spout makes it reach the sinuses.

Sinus rinse kit: It contains an irrigation bottle, nasal washes, and already mixed packets of saline solution.

Electrical nasal irrigator: This device uses electric power to supply a stream of saline solution to rinse the nose cavities.

Other irrigation devices, such as saline sprays, do not get the solution past the outer part of the nose. However, they are suitable for people who can only tolerate a small volume of solution at a time.

Conclusion

Using a neti pot is a good and popular home remedy for helping with clogged sinuses or upper respiratory infections. You can use it with either a saline solution bought in the store or any homemade one. As long as you use neti pots as directed, there is no harm associated with the use of neti pots. You should only continue using it if it relieves your symptoms.

If you are struggling with severe nasal congestion, you can seek medical help before purchasing and using a neti pot. If your symptoms do not improve after repeated usage or you develop a headache or fever, consult a healthcare professional. The bottom line is that using neti pots is an effective and safe remedy, always readily available to help with clogged sinuses.

To search for the best Ear Nose And Throat (ENT) healthcare providers in Germany, India, Malaysia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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is rinsing your sinuses with neti pots safe?

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IS RINSING YOUR SINUSES WITH NETI POTS SAFE?

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The use of a neti pot is a popular home remedy for clogged sinuses or upper respiratory infections. Click for a stepwise approach to using a neti pot, safety tips, information on side effects, and more.

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CAN THE HEART REPAIR ITSELF? LATEST RESEARCH ON CARDIAC MUSCLE REGENERATION - MYA CARE

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CAN THE HEART REPAIR ITSELF? LATEST RESEARCH ON CARDIAC MUSCLE REGENERATION - MYA CARE

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The heart is one of the most vital and complex organs in the human body. The blood pumped by the heart delivers oxygen and nutrients to all tissues and removes waste products like carbon dioxide. The heart also plays a key role in regulating blood pressure, body temperature, and hormonal balance.

Various diseases and injuries can damage the heart tissue and impair its function, such as Coronary Artery Disease, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Myocardial Infarction (heart attack). Unlike other organs, heart muscle regeneration is highly limited, which is one reason why heart disease is one of the most fatal conditions and why there are so few treatment options. The World Health Organization cites cardiovascular diseases as the primary cause of mortality globally, accounting for nearly 18 million deaths in 2019. This makes up 32% of the global death rate. Of these mortalities, heart attack and stroke were responsible for 85%.

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The heart is one of the most vital and complex organs in the human body. The blood pumped by the heart delivers oxygen and nutrients to all tissues and removes waste products like carbon dioxide. The heart also plays a key role in regulating blood pressure, body temperature, and hormonal balance.

Various diseases and injuries can damage the heart tissue and impair its function, such as Coronary Artery Disease, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Myocardial Infarction (heart attack). Unlike other organs, heart muscle regeneration is highly limited, which is one reason why heart disease is one of the most fatal conditions and why there are so few treatment options. The World Health Organization cites cardiovascular diseases as the primary cause of mortality globally, accounting for nearly 18 million deaths in 2019. This makes up 32% of the global death rate. Of these mortalities, heart attack and stroke were responsible for 85%.

Scientists have been researching ways to improve cardiac muscle tissue regeneration. Recent years have seen a few promising breakthroughs that are likely to change future outcomes for patients after heart attack and with heart disease or heart failure.

In this article, we will explore how the heart regenerates, why heart repair mechanisms fail, as well as review the latest research breakthroughs in cardiac muscle regeneration. Learn more about the prospective benefits of stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and tissue engineering for regenerating cardiac muscle below.

Can the Heart Heal itself? How the Heart Keeps Healthy

The simple answer to this question is yes; however, it takes a very long time and depends upon our overall health and well-being.

The heart is mostly composed of muscle tissue that is constantly contracting, making it susceptible to wear and tear. Naturally, the muscle cells of the heart have adapted in ways that allow them to work non-stop, unlike the skeletal muscle cells in our arms and legs, which are not permanently engaged in strenuous activity.

Calcium ions are essential for energy production and maintenance. In heart cells, calcium entering the cell triggers contraction, and calcium exiting the cell triggers relaxation via the calcium-sodium pump. In order to beat continually, cardiac tissue has one of the largest concentrations of mitochondria in the whole body. These help it to produce more energy, handle larger volumes of calcium to sustain the heartbeat 24/7, and minimize the impact of higher oxidation levels.

Oxidation is an ordinary part of energy production, yet when too high, it can lead to excessive inflammation, cell damage and eventual death. Mechanisms to preserve heart muscle integrity and prevent this scenario from occurring are reviewed below:

Cardiac Cell Repair

When oxidation levels are too high in each mitochondria, it can cause them to become damaged, lower energy production, and allow free radicals to leak from the mitochondria, leading to cellular damage as well. This raises inflammation levels and gets the immune system involved in repair.

In order to prevent this from happening, cardiomyocytes (heart muscle cells) have repair mechanisms in place that correct micro damages before they add up. These include:

Autophagy, which is a process that degrades and recycles damaged or unnecessary cell components, such as proteins, organelles, or pathogens.

Mitochondrial Biogenesis or the growth of new, healthy mitochondria to sustain energy output.

Hypertrophy, where the size and strength of heart muscle cells increase in order to adapt to new demands.

These repair mechanisms can become unbalanced due to too little or too much physical activity over a long period of time, nutritional deficits, a diet high in fat and/or glucose, as well as toxin exposure.

Cell Division and Growth

Cardiomyocyte proliferation is the process by which existing cardiomyocytes divide and produce new cells. In mammals, including humans, cardiomyocyte proliferation is very low and insufficient to compensate for the loss of cells after damage. This is because mammalian cardiomyocytes are mostly terminally differentiated, meaning that they have exited the cell cycle and cannot divide anymore.

Cardiac cell division is stimulated during exercise the most, which releases anti-inflammatory compounds, boosts metabolism, and stretches out the heart muscle tissue. Only a small fraction of cardiomyocytes, estimated at 1-3%, retain the ability to proliferate throughout life.

Stem Cells

Additionally, cardiac stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes is still low as opposed to other cell types, often leading to more fibroblast formation (connective tissue cells), which can increase the risk of scarring and heart stiffness.

Why the Heart Can't Repair Itself After a Heart Attack

One of the main concerns that can limit heart repair would be a heart attack or acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

A heart attack occurs due to an interruption in the blood supply to the heart, which is usually the result of a blockage in a main artery. This deprives the heart tissue of oxygen and nutrients, leading to the death of cardiomyocytes and the formation of lesions and scars. Resultant scar tissue is stiff and non-contractile, reducing the pumping ability of the heart and increasing the risk of heart failure.

In a mild heart attack, the heart stands a chance of regenerating from the damage. However, in most typical heart attacks, up to a billion heart cells can die off at one time, which is roughly 25% of the entire cardiac cell population. In this scenario, heart damage is widespread, and the slow regenerative mechanisms of the heart struggle to keep up. The inflammation that arises as a result tends to impair cellular repair mechanisms and can lead to further cell death following the attack.

Naturally, those with heart disease are more susceptible to a heart attack than the general population, as well as heart failure. All forms of heart disease often promote chronic inflammation in the heart tissue as well as problematic energy metabolism that can reduce regeneration.

Latest Research and Breakthroughs in Cardiac Muscle Regeneration

Despite the limited regenerative capacity of the human heart, there is hope for the future of cardiac muscle regeneration.

Researchers are developing and testing various strategies and technologies to stimulate and augment the regeneration process, such as stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and tissue engineering. These approaches aim to restore the function and structure of the injured heart by replacing lost cells, enhancing existing cells, lowering inflammation, and promoting better blood vessel growth.

Stem Cell Therapy

Stem cell therapy helps to replace the damaged cells and restore cardiac function by transplanting stem cells into the heart. Stem cells can be derived from various sources, such as the bone marrow, the blood, the adipose tissue, the umbilical cord, or induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). iPSCs are stem cells generated by reprogramming adult cells, such as skin cells or blood cells, into an embryonic-like state, which can then be differentiated into various types of cells, including cardiomyocytes. This is currently at the forefront of cardiac regeneration.

So far, there have been around 60 different clinical trials testing the safety and efficacy of stem cells for heart repair after heart failure and heart attack. In these trials, stem cells from all sources appear to be safe and modestly reduce mortality rates, inflammation, and recurrent heart attacks. Preclinical studies demonstrate better cardiac function, improved autophagy and other repair mechanisms, smaller scar sizes, and improved blood vessel formation. One advantage of stem cell therapy over other types of regenerative therapies is that stem cells don't necessarily need to be implanted directly into the heart and may still promote heart regeneration when administered intravenously.
CD34+ Stem Cell Therapy
One specific stem cell therapy currently being developed for treating acute myocardial infarction (AMI or heart attack) pertains to the use of CD34+ hematopoietic (bone marrow-derived) stem cells.

Scientists realized that these cells are released into the bloodstream a few hours after a heart attack to initiate the repair process. They have been shown to fill lesions caused by the AMI, promote cardiomyocyte and blood vessel regrowth, lower scar formation, and prevent further damage. These effects happen through the release of microRNAs, which increase the expression of regenerative genes in the heart.

Gene Therapy

Through making subtle genetic changes to cardiac cells, gene therapy can target various aspects of the regeneration process. It has been used with great success in preclinical trials to:

Increase cardiomyocyte and cardiac stem cell numbers through increasing the expression of genes related to GATA4 and cyclin D2.

Lower excessive inflammation by inhibiting the expression of genes coding for tumor necrosis factor alpha and other inflammatory compounds.

Inhibit scar formation by reducing the expression of transforming growth factor beta genes.

Help to better sync heart cells while beating to avoid arrhythmias, which can be achieved by increasing connexin 43 expression.

Gene therapy is also the backbone of tissue engineering and even some forms of stem cell therapy. It is required to produce specific cell lines that survive implantation into the heart, that can differentiate into cardiomyocytes or perform specialized functions due to being genetically altered.

Tissue Engineering

Active areas of study include:

Developing biocompatible implants that create a suitable cellular environment in cardiac tissue, allowing for viable implanted cells to attach and grow.

Providing viable cells and nutrients for heart tissues and ensuring they land in the right areas. Hydrogels and cardiac patches are being investigated for this purpose.

Genetic engineering of stem cells and cardiomyocytes for longevity.

Biologic total or partial heart replacement through the 3D bioprinting of heart tissue and entire hearts.

Tissue engineering has shown promising results in preclinical and clinical studies, demonstrating the improvement of cardiac function, the reduction of the scar size, and the enhancement of the new blood vessel growth in the heart.

Despite the promise, more research and testing remains to be done in order for these techniques to be perfected.

Cardiac Patches

Cardiac patches are biomaterials that can be attached to the surface of the heart to provide viable cells and factors that promote the regeneration of damaged tissue. While cardiac grafts and patches are not new in the surgical treatment of heart deformities and other conditions, cardiac patches that are capable of evoking complete heart regeneration are currently being developed.

The University of Cincinnati is developing one such patch by modifying human stem cells and improving techniques to graft them into living heart tissues. The patch allows for excess fibroblasts to turn back into cardiomyocytes, which can reduce scarring, replenish lost cardiac muscle tissue and drastically improve outcomes. It also contains stem cells derived from blood and marrow that have been reverted to an embryonic state. These are capable of quickly changing into cardiomyocytes, as seen in utero. Further modifications allow for them to mature quickly, effectively replacing damaged heart tissue.

These contributions, coupled with extra cardiomyocytes that would be grafted with the patch into the heart tissue, could allow for complete heart regeneration. In time and more testing, the UC team's work might end up revolutionizing medical facilities worldwide. Similar patches are also being developed to reverse congenital heart deformities.

The Future and Potential Benefits of Cardiac Muscle Regeneration Therapy

By restoring the heart's function and structure, cardiac muscle regeneration therapies can reduce symptoms and complications, improve life quality, and enhance well-being in those with heart failure and heart disease.

Regenerative therapies are expected to reduce healthcare costs in the next decade by reducing the need for medication, hospitalization, surgery, or transplantation and increasing productivity and independence.

Cardiac muscle regeneration techniques are likely to become so advanced in the future that the need for heart surgery and total heart replacement might be avoided entirely.

Conclusion

The heart is a vital and complex organ that has a limited capacity to regenerate after damage. However, there is hope for the future of cardiac muscle regeneration, as researchers are developing and testing various strategies and technologies to stimulate and augment the regeneration process, such as stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and tissue engineering.

These approaches aim to restore the function and structure of the injured heart by replacing the lost cells and enhancing existing cells. The potential for cardiac regeneration implies a future where surgery isn't required, with many leading longer, better quality lives and saving on healthcare costs..

To search for the best Cardiology Healthcare Providers in Croatia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and The USA, please use the Mya Care Search engine

To search for the best Healthcare Providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
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can the heart repair itself? latest research on cardiac muscle regeneration

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CAN THE HEART REPAIR ITSELF? LATEST RESEARCH ON CARDIAC MUSCLE REGENERATION

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Learn about cardiac muscle regeneration; the ability of the heart to repair itself. Discover how stem cell therapy, gene therapy, and tissue engineering can help promote heart muscle tissue regeneration.

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Cycle syncing is a way by which women alter their diet and other activities to best match the changes in their menstrual cycle. A recent article in Forbes magazine discussed how cycle syncing could even help women with productivity in the workplace. Read on to learn more about the menstrual cycle and cycle syncing, how to achieve cycle syncing, how it can be used to improve how you feel physically and mentally, and how it can help your productivity at work.

The menstrual cycle

In order to understand how cycle syncing works, it is important to know what happens during each of the phases of the menstrual cycle.

The menstrual cycle consists of four main phases, with each phase lasting a certain amount of time:

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Cycle syncing is a way by which women alter their diet and other activities to best match the changes in their menstrual cycle. A recent article in Forbes magazine discussed how cycle syncing could even help women with productivity in the workplace. Read on to learn more about the menstrual cycle and cycle syncing, how to achieve cycle syncing, how it can be used to improve how you feel physically and mentally, and how it can help your productivity at work.

The menstrual cycle

In order to understand how cycle syncing works, it is important to know what happens during each of the phases of the menstrual cycle.

The menstrual cycle consists of four main phases, with each phase lasting a certain amount of time:

The phases and approximate lengths of time they can last are given below:

Menstruation: about 1 to 5 days on average.

Follicular: the first 14 days of the cycle.

Ovulatory: about 12 to 24 hours.

Luteal: the last 14 days of the cycle.

It is important to realize that the length of each phase can vary, and even menstruation can vary greatly from the average of 28 days. In some women, the cycle may take 21 days, while in others, it can take up to 40 days.

During the cycle, there are several hormonal changes that women experience. To try cycle syncing, you need to carefully record the first day of menstruation and track how your moods and energy change over time to get an idea of when you are going through the different phases.

The menstruation phase

Also referred to as the menstrual phase, this is the time of the month when the inner layer of the uterus, the endometrium, is shed. This causes the monthly bleeding that women experience during their reproductive years. At this time, the estrogen and progesterone hormones are at the lowest concentrations.

A woman may also experience bloating and cramping of the uterus, which can be very painful. Bleeding can also lead to anemia if it is heavy and you are not eating enough iron-rich food. It is also common to feel tired and even irritable at this time.

Follicular phase

This stage overlaps with menstruation and begins simultaneously. During the follicular phase, eggs contained within the follicles on your ovaries begin to develop. The follicles are actually sacs that contain fluid and immature eggs. Only one of about 20 eggs will mature.

The pituitary gland signals the body to secrete more estrogen and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) during the follicular phase. The follicular phase after the end of menses (menstruation) is called the proliferative phase because this is when the endometrium starts to develop and thicken. Estrogen increases a lot during the follicular phase. The follicular phase will continue until ovulation occurs.

Ovulatory phase

This phase lasts only a short while, and this is when a mature egg is released. Luteinizing hormone (LH) secreted at this time triggers the release of an egg. The egg will pass down the fallopian tube. The ovulatory phase marks the only time conception is possible during the menstrual cycle. If not fertilized, the egg will simply dissolve.

During this phase, the woman's body temperature also increases a bit. Estrogen levels are highest at this time, and progesterone also starts increasing.

Luteal phase

The luteal phase is when the follicle that released the egg transforms into a structure called the corpus luteum. This corpus luteum mainly releases progesterone (which now increases dramatically in concentration), but it also produces some estrogen. This increase in hormone concentrations is to help the uterus maintain a thick endometrium for an embryo to implant into if an egg is fertilized.

If an egg is fertilized, then the endometrium remains thick throughout pregnancy because of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), which is secreted.

If an egg is not fertilized, the corpus luteum shrinks, and the body reabsorbs it. Then, in about 75% of women, premenstrual syndrome (PMS) begins. PMS begins near the end of the luteal phase before entering menstruation.

Less commonly, a woman may experience premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PDD), which includes severe menstrual depression.

How cycle syncing can be helpful

The fluctuations in hormones and physical changes that occur during the phases of the menstrual cycle can make you feel uncomfortable and irritable. Cycle syncing is suggested as a way to use diet and exercise to help you feel your best at each stage, and there are also suggestions for the best strategies to use in the workplace for each phase.

Cycle syncing with the menstruation/menstrual phase

Menstruation can bring period cramps (dysmenorrhea), bloating, tiredness, and nausea. It is important to adjust your diet and exercise accordingly.

Dietary changes recommended during this phase include choosing the following foods:

Flax seeds and pumpkin seeds: These seeds help to control the estrogen in the body.

Ginger tea: Ginger is helpful if you feel nauseated during your period.

Peanut butter: The high magnesium and vitamin B6 content in peanut butter can help alleviate any moodiness at this time.

Kale, spinach and other green vegetables: These are good sources of calcium and magnesium, helping ease muscle contractions. Period cramps are worse if you have a calcium deficiency. Spinach is also high in iron, which helps replace iron lost during menstruation.

Exercise should be gentle during this phase and can include:

Walking: This can be very relaxing and helpful during your period.

Yoga: This is another good choice because it can help you to relax.

Work:

It is thought that your intuition is highest during the menstruation phase, so it is good to listen to your instincts at this time. Self-reflection is also best done during the menstruation phase of the cycle.

Cycle syncing with the follicular phase

Foods to choose during this time helps to replenish energy lost during the previous phase and include:

Cruciferous vegetables: These are vegetables that are green and leafy and include broccoli and spinach. These also help to replenish lost minerals like iron.

Avocado: This is helpful if you are trying to get pregnant as it increases fertility.

Legumes: Beans, peas, and lentils are good foods to add as they are high in fiber and can help estrogen metabolism.

Fish: A good protein with fatty acids that keep you healthy.

Citrus: This is a good source of vitamin C and anti-inflammatories.

Flax and pumpkin seeds: These help with regulating estrogen, a hormone that changes in concentration during your cycle.

Exercises:

Work:

Energy levels increase during the follicular phase. You may find that creativity is at a high at this point of your cycle, so thinking of new projects or beginning new projects would be good to do during the follicular phase.

Cycle syncing with the ovulatory phase

Ovulation is the shortest stage of the menstrual cycle and is the most important time if you are trying to get pregnant. This is also when your mood will be best.

Foods that will work best during the ovulatory phase:

Almonds: These nuts are good because they are anti-inflammatory.

Citrus fruits: These fruits provide fiber and vitamin C to keep your body healthy.

Flax and pumpkin seeds

Dark leafy green vegetables: Spinach and other such vegetables contain folate, an important B vitamin that helps improve ovulation.

Berries: It is a good idea to eat berries because they have anti-oxidants that help keep you healthy.

Tomatoes: These have lycopene which may help increase fertility.

Exercises you should try during this phase when you have higher energy levels include the following:

High-intensity interval training: Fast biking and squat jumps are examples of this type of training. These give your body a good workout, including your cardiovascular system. It also helps you build muscle.

Strength training: Lifting weights helps build and maintain muscle tissue.

Circuit training: This is a type of training where you do a couple of different exercises for short periods of time.

Work:

This phase is a good time for communication and socializing with people; your concentration is good. This can be a very good time at work for interacting with co-workers.

Cycle syncing with the luteal phase

During the latter part of the luteal phase, PMS can occur. This means being careful about what food you choose to eat and what activities you do. Your mood is more likely to decline nearer the end of this phase as you move into PMS. This is because the estrogen and progesterone levels fall near the end of this phase as you approach menstruation.

The best food choices during the luteal phase are:

Whole grains: These decrease the production of prostaglandin hormones associated with the corpus luteum; these hormones are linked to the cramps near the end of the luteal phase.

Sweet potato: A good source of sugar to help soothe a person when they are irritable, which can happen during PMS.

Dark chocolate: A good source of magnesium to help with muscle cramps and help decrease water retention.

Apples and squash: These foods are high in nutrients and fiber; apples may help satisfy any sugar cravings.

Lentils: These are an excellent source of protein that help you keep your strength up.

Sunflower seeds and sesame seeds: These are useful because they help raise the secretion of progesterone while helping control estrogen levels. They help regulate the hormones.

Vegetables: Celery and cucumber are a good idea near the end of the phase when you start to retain water during PMS, causing bloating.

Exercises to do include:

Low-impact exercise: Swimming, cycling, and walking are all low-impact exercises you could try.

Pilates: This is a useful exercise that also involves certain breathing methods along with movement.

Yoga: The different postures and breathing techniques of yoga help to relax the body.

Work:

The desire to finish off a project is highest at this stage of the cycle. It is also a good time to finish work and organize and plan properly for future projects or activities.

Conclusion

All women who are menstruating can benefit from cycle syncing. Cycle syncing is designed to help you overcome some of the difficulties associated with the alterations in mood, energy level, and physical changes linked to the phases of the menstrual cycle. Cycle syncing can also benefit you at the workplace.

To search for the best Obstetrics and Gynecology healthcare providers in Germany, India, Malaysia, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Rae Osborn has a Ph.D. in Biology from the University of Texas at Arlington. She was a tenured Associate Professor of Biology at Northwestern State University where she taught many courses for Pre-nursing and Pre-medical students. She has written extensively on medical conditions and healthy lifestyle topics, including nutrition. She is from South Africa but lived and taught in the United States for 18 years.
Sources:

Clayton, S.G. (2022). Menstrual cycle. https://www.britannica.com/science/menstrual-cycle

Epperson, C. N., & Hantsoo, L. (2014). Menstruation and premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Its impact on mood. In Women's Reproductive Mental Health Across the Lifespan (pp. 49-72). Springer, Cham. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-05116-1_3

Monis, C. N., & Tetrokalashvili, M. (2021). Menstrual cycle proliferative and follicular phase. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542229/

Mysoor, A. (2022). How women can use monthly periods as a productivity tool. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexandramysoor/2018/05/10/how-women-can-use-monthly-periods-as-a-productivity-tool/?sh=349145231637

Rossi, A. S., & Rossi, P. E. (1977). Body time and social time: Mood patterns by menstrual cycle phase and day of the week. Social Science Research, 6(4), 273-308. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0049089X77900138

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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Cycle Syncing can help overcome mood, energy level, and physical changes linked to the menstrual cycle. Click to learn how to achieve cycle syncing, its physical and mental benefits, and how it can help your productivity at work.

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MIND OVER MATTER: USING THE BRAIN TO MANAGE PAIN EFFECTIVELY - MYA CARE 

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MIND OVER MATTER: USING THE BRAIN TO MANAGE PAIN EFFECTIVELY - MYA CARE 

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Chronic pain is estimated to affect up to 25% of the world’s population at any given time and contribute towards several of the leading causes for disability[1].

Over the last couple of decades, researchers have been exploring the connection between the brain in creating and moderating the way in which we feel pain. Pain is discussed below in the context of the brain and body, with further insight into how the mind can be used in order to effectively manage pain.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/mind-over-matter-using-the-brain-to-manage-pain-effectively

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6 EGG FREEZING MYTHS EVERY WOMAN SHOULD KNOW ABOUT - MYA CARE

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6 EGG FREEZING MYTHS EVERY WOMAN SHOULD KNOW ABOUT - MYA CARE

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In the last few decades, remarkable advances have been made in assisted reproductive technology. For those struggling with infertility, assisted reproductive technology can help with successful conception, with newer techniques developed over time.

One such technique is egg freezing, which is now a widely available option for women who want to preserve their fertility. However, this technique remains unknown to the majority of them. The following article discusses egg freezing, what it is, why and how it’s done, the egg freezing process timeline, as well as six important myths that have arisen regarding this cutting-edge technology.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/6-egg-freezing-myths-every-woman-should-know-about

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GAMES AND ACTIVITIES FOR PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA - MYA CARE 

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GAMES AND ACTIVITIES FOR PATIENTS WITH DEMENTIA - MYA CARE 

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Finding brain-stimulating and entertaining activities can be challenging if you are a caregiver or have a family member with dementia. However, research has revealed that engaging in games and other enjoyable activities is a novel form of therapy that can support current dementia treatments.

The Benefits Of Brain-Stimulating Games For Dementia

Playing games is one of the many things that can occupy and entertain the human mind. Interestingly, playing games can keep our minds active. This is crucial for older adults, especially those at risk for dementia.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/games-and-activities-for-patients-with-dementia

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GOUT: BIG TOE PAIN - CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS, HOME REMEDIES, AND MORE - MYA CARE

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GOUT: BIG TOE PAIN - CAUSES, DIAGNOSIS, HOME REMEDIES, AND MORE - MYA CARE

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Gout is a form of joint inflammation (arthritis) that causes sudden, excruciating pain in one of your joints - most frequently the big toe.

It’s a result of high uric acid levels in your blood, which can happen with an unbalanced diet and certain unhealthy habits. Gout is considered a chronic disease that causes joint inflammation and pain every now and then - “gout attacks”.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/gout-big-toe-pain-causes-diagnosis-home-remedies-and-more

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MICROBLADING VS. EYEBROW TRANSPLANT: WHICH IS RIGHT FOR YOU? - MYA CARE 

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MICROBLADING VS. EYEBROW TRANSPLANT: WHICH IS RIGHT FOR YOU? - MYA CARE 

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As one of the most expressive features of the human face, eyebrow shaping has always remained a focal aspect to enhance one’s aesthetic. The way well-shaped eyebrows define facial shape highlights their importance in social interaction. Studies have shown that eyebrows are also an important sign of attractiveness

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/microblading-vs-eyebrow-transplant-which-is-right-for-you

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REGENERATIVE AESTHETICS - THE USE OF STEM CELLS IN AESTHETIC MEDICINE - MYA CARE

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REGENERATIVE AESTHETICS - THE USE OF STEM CELLS IN AESTHETIC MEDICINE - MYA CARE

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Contemporary regenerative treatments in aesthetic medicine work on a cellular level. In that way, they activate and unlock the processes naturally present in the human body. It is anti-aging from within.

The ultimate goal is the same as with regenerative medicine. To minimize the effects of aging on general health and well-being. But, with regenerative aesthetics, the focus is on physical appearance.

Currently, human stem cells and their products are an up-and-coming solution for a variety of aesthetic issues. Their potential to propel the entire branch into an exciting future is immense.

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Contemporary regenerative treatments in aesthetic medicine work on a cellular level. In that way, they activate and unlock the processes naturally present in the human body. It is anti-aging from within.

The ultimate goal is the same as with regenerative medicine. To minimize the effects of aging on general health and well-being. But, with regenerative aesthetics, the focus is on physical appearance.

Currently, human stem cells and their products are an up-and-coming solution for a variety of aesthetic issues. Their potential to propel the entire branch into an exciting future is immense.

However, there is still a significant lack of information among the wider public. The main reason for this remains legal regulations, which differ significantly around the world.

The purpose of this article is to shed more light on the field of regenerative medicine and explain its possibilities to potential patients.

Overview

The development of regenerative medicine and aesthetics moves parallel forward. Already, some cosmetic procedures use the body's regenerative potential by provoking its potent healing response.

Good examples of this are radiofrequency, microneedling, chemical peels, and laser skin resurfacing. Still, stem cells offer much more.

Since the discovery of stem cells, regenerative medicine is spearheading medical research. The main reason, of course, is its therapeutic potential.

As we learn how cells interact between themselves, our ability to utilize those interactions in medical treatments grows exponentially. One of the most promising uses of stem cells, and their products, is in aesthetics. So far, they've shown great potential in treating hair loss and all age-related skin changes, including scars.

The overall fashion in aesthetics nowadays is also helping. Patients look for more natural treatments and a more organic and unpretentious look. That's where regenerative aesthetics have plenty to offer.

Stem cell therapy can make anyone look the best version of themselves while avoiding the risk of an unnatural, frozen, or plastic appearance.

But, before we say more about the uses of stem cells and stem cell-derived products in aesthetic medicine, let's answer one common question - What are stem cells?

What are stem cells?

Stem cells are cells with an essential role in tissue creation, regeneration, and healing. Their ability to create all other cells with specific functions is unique. It is the basis of stem cells' immense medical potential. However, not all stem cells are the same. There are different types. Three main categories include:

Embryonic stem cells

Adult mesenchymal stem cells

Tissue-specific stem cells

Embryotic cells originate in the human embryo. They are pluripotent, which means they can differentiate into all other cell types. However, their use in medicine is still controversial. Mainly due to ethical reasons.

Adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent cells. They are present in various tissues, including bone marrow, fat tissue, and umbilical cord tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells have a formidable healing ability. They can differentiate into many tissue types, including skin, muscle, bone, neural tissue, etc.

Tissue-specific stem cells exist in all parts of the human body. Depending on their location, they can differentiate into specific tissues, such as fat, muscle, cartilage, bone, skin, etc.

Human stem cells can have a therapeutic use.

However, their products enjoy a widespread application in aesthetic medicine. These are called secretome and exosomes.

Secretome includes all proteins secreted by the cell into the extracellular matrix. On the other hand, exosomes are micro-size fluid-filled sacs released from cells.

More often than not, these two terms are synonyms in the medical literature. The reason is in the early definition of the secretome. It involved all substances from the extracellular matrix, including exosomes.

Stem Cell Uses in Cosmetic Treatments

We can sum up the crucial promise of regenerative aesthetics into one sentence. - Your skin could be younger at 50 than it was at 40.

Yes, you understood that well. It could be healthier and functioning better. That means younger, not only better looking.

That is the potential of stem cells. To naturally regenerate organs and tissues, such as skin and hair, and not only make them more physically attractive.

Regardless of all that, many countries still limit live human stem cells in medical treatments. Therefore, regenerative aesthetics procedures use therapeutically active stem cell products.

There are many positive sides to this. Secretome is safer than live stem cells. There is no risk of injecting altered cells, and it's possible to make many doses from one stem cell sample.

The Production and Application of Stem Cell Secretome

Here's how stem cell secretome production works:

First, a sample of adipose (fat) tissue is necessary. A simple procedure, such as mini liposuction, will do.

Then, the mesenchymal stem cells are isolated from that sample in the laboratory.

Next comes cultivation. Mesenchymal stem cells multiply until they reach a sufficient number.

The cells go through stimulation to produce the conditioned medium. - A solution of secretome, exosomes, and other regenerative substances.

After this, the cell products are ready for application. Usual methods are intravenous, topical, or through injections.

There is no way to control where the therapy will have the best result, as it affects the whole body. However, in topical and injection applications of stem cell products, the best effect is local (at the application site). They tend to respond to inflammation, and needle injection sites create just that.

That's why in aesthetic treatments for hair loss or age-related skin changes, it is best to inject regenerative substances in the affected areas. In and around hair follicles and wrinkles, for example.

What to expect after a stem cell aesthetic treatment?

Regenerative aesthetics treatments boost natural regeneration. The goal is to spark off the production of new cells of specific tissues. In that way, those tissues rejuvenate. Their physical appearance and function are improved.

The entire process starts immediately after treatment, and the results become gradually visible over time. The improvements are usually significant, long-lasting, and completely natural.

The Bottom Line

Stem cells are the future of medicine, and aesthetics are no exception. Quite the opposite, cosmetic procedures might be the first to benefit from early advances in regenerative medicine. As the research continues, we may witness a revolutionary breakthrough in anti-aging and the treatment of chronic diseases. Chances are it will happen sooner than we think.

To search for the best Aesthetic Medicine Cosmetology healthcare providers in Croatia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, and the UK, please use the Mya Care Search engine

Dr. Rosmy Barrios is an aesthetic medicine specialist with international work experience. She earned her physician diploma at the Universidad Del Norte's School of Medicine in Barranquilla, Colombia, and her specialty at John F. Kennedy University in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Dr. Barrios is a member of Pan-American Aesthetic Medicine Association (PASAM) and the Union Internationale de Medecine Esthetique (UIME). She is an expert health writer with keen interests in aesthetic medicine, regenerative aesthetics, anti-aging, fitness, and nutrition. Currently, Dr. Barrios heads the Regenerative Aesthetics department at a renowned Internal Medicine clinic based in Belgrade, Serbia.
References:

Suman S, Domingues A, Ratajczak J, Ratajczak MZ. Potential Clinical Applications of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2019;1201:1-22. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-31206-0_1. PMID: 31898779.

Kolios G, Moodley Y. Introduction to stem cells and regenerative medicine. Respiration. 2013;85(1):3-10. DOI: 10.1159/000345615. Epub 2012 Dec 13. PMID: 23257690.

Ha DH, Kim HK, Lee J, Kwon HH, Park GH, Yang SH, Jung JY, Choi H, Lee JH, Sung S, Yi YW, Cho BS. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Exosomes for Immunomodulatory Therapeutics and Skin Regeneration. Cells. 2020 May 7;9(5):1157. DOI: 10.3390/cells9051157. PMID: 32392899; PMCID: PMC7290908.

Keshtkar S, Azarpira N, Ghahremani MH. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: novel frontiers in regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2018 Mar 9;9(1):63. DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0791-7. PMID: 29523213; PMCID: PMC5845209.

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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regenerative aesthetics - the use of stem cells in aesthetic medicine

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REGENERATIVE AESTHETICS - THE USE OF STEM CELLS IN AESTHETIC MEDICINE

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Contemporary regenerative treatments in aesthetic medicine work on a cellular level. In that way, they activate and unlock the processes naturally present in the human body. It is anti-aging from within. The ultimate goal is the same as with regenerative medicine. To minimize the effects of aging on general health and well-being.

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CALCIFIC TENDINITIS: TYPES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT - MYA CARE

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CALCIFIC TENDINITIS: TYPES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT - MYA CARE

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Calcific tendinitis occurs when calcium crystals build in your tendons. The irritation from the calcium deposits causes inflammation and pain.

Most cases of calcific tendinopathy occur in the shoulder, but it can affect any part of your body. The exact cause of calcification or calcium build-up in joints is still not completely clear. However, certain risk factors, like age, gender, and underlying disease, increase your chances of developing calcific tendinitis.

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Calcific tendinitis occurs when calcium crystals build in your tendons. The irritation from the calcium deposits causes inflammation and pain.

Most cases of calcific tendinopathy occur in the shoulder, but it can affect any part of your body. The exact cause of calcification or calcium build-up in joints is still not completely clear. However, certain risk factors, like age, gender, and underlying disease, increase your chances of developing calcific tendinitis.

Calcific tendinopathy is usually relieved with medication, physical therapy, and other non-surgical treatments. But when left untreated, severe calcific tendinitis can affect your range of motion and require surgical treatment.

Keep reading to learn more about calcific tendonitis, its symptoms, and its various treatment options.

What Is Calcific Tendinitis?

Calcific Tendonitis, Calcific Tendinitis, or Calcific Tendinopathy. It's a painful condition that occurs when calcium deposits build up in your muscles and tendons.

Although it can occur anywhere in your body, it most often affects the rotator cuff in your shoulder. Your rotator cuff is a group of muscles and their tendons covering your shoulder joint.

The calcium deposit initially accumulates in one portion of your joint. When this calcific deposit continues to build, it can irritate your tendons and cause inflammation. If it progresses, calcific tendinitis can lead to severe pains and loss of joint function.

Calcific tendinopathy is often confused with other conditions affecting the shoulder, such as Frozen Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Tendinitis. They may be associated with each other but are still different conditions.

How do I know if my shoulder pain is caused by calcific tendinitis or frozen shoulder?

Frozen shoulder is an inflammatory condition that develops when your shoulder has been immobile for too long, leading to a stiff and painful shoulder. A frozen shoulder generally does not involve calcification.

What's the difference between calcific tendinitis and rotator cuff tendinitis?

Although both conditions can cause inflammation to your rotator cuff tendons, rotator cuff tendinitis primarily affects the bursa of your shoulder joint. The bursa is a membranous sac that cushions your tendons and bones. Calcific tendonitis rarely affects your shoulder joint bursa.

Types Of Calcific Tendinitis

Regenerative Calcific Tendonitis

Regenerative calcific tendinopathy is also known as Reactive Calcification. Reactive calcification is the formation of calcium crystals in tissues; however, the cause is still unclear.

It occurs in three stages of calcification:

Pre-calcific stage: The initial phase of reactive calcific tendinitis involves the build-up of calcium deposits on tissues. Patients in this stage typically show no symptoms.

Calcific stage: The cells release calcium, which is then absorbed by your body in the calcific stage. Patients in this stage may experience swelling and discomfort or pain.

Post-calcific stage: This is the least painful stage when the calcium deposits disappear and you regain a normal range of motions in your joint.

Degenerative Calcific Tendonitis

Degenerative calcification occurs with aging. As you age, the blood flow to your muscles and tendons is reduced, weakening them. Aside from that, gradual wear and tear can lead your muscles to fray.

As the damaged fibers heal, calcium deposition can occur on the tissues, leading to degenerative calcification.

What Are The Symptoms Of Calcific Tendinitis?

Patients with calcific tendinopathy typically experience discomfort in the affected area. But not everyone may experience the same symptoms, and even entirely possible to have no signs of calcific tendinitis.

Depending on the stage of calcification, you may experience the following symptoms of calcific tendinitis:

Severe pain in the shoulders

Shoulder stiffness

Pain with joint movement

Tenderness of your rotator cuff muscles

Reduced range of motion

Atrophy or loss of muscle mass

When To See Your Doctor

Symptoms of calcific tendinopathy are common among other joint conditions. If you are experiencing severe pain or your condition is limiting your movement, contact your healthcare provider as soon as possible.

How Does Calcific Tendinitis Happen?

The exact cause of calcific tendinopathy has yet to be determined.

The degeneration that comes with aging can lead to the development of calcific tendonitis. General wear and tear of the tendons in your shoulder joint, knee joint, elbows, or wrists can trigger calcification.

When your tendons are damaged, it stimulates your tissue repair system, making them susceptible to the build-up of calcium deposits in your tendon.

Risk Factors Of Calcific Tendinitis

Calcific tendonitis is not a common condition, nor is it associated with a specific activity. Certain factors may increase your risk of developing calcific tendinopathy.

Age 40 and above

Genetic factors

Sex, calcific tendonitis is more common in females

Metabolic diseases, like diabetes

Abnormal thyroidgland activity

How Is Calcific Tendinitis Diagnosed?

To diagnose calcific tendinopathy, your healthcare provider reviews your medical history and performs a physical exam to assess your symptoms.

Your doctor may request imaging tests to confirm calcific tendinopathy:

X-rays: X-rays allow your doctor to view larger calcium deposits.

Ultrasound: An ultrasound offers a better view of small groups of calcific deposits than an X-ray. It also allows them to determine the size of deposits.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Although not essential, an MRI can show calcium deposits, especially for chronic calcific tendinitis.

Determining the amount and size of calcium build-up allows your healthcare provider to decide the best treatment option for you. They may also refer you to an orthopedic specialist for further investigation into your condition.

Treatment Options for Calcific Tendinitis

Conservative treatment is usually the initial treatment for mild cases of calcific tendinitis. Depending on the extent of your calcific tendinopathy, your doctor may recommend a combination of non-surgical approaches.

Medications

Your doctor may prescribe Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) to help relieve pain and reduce the inflammation of calcific tendonitis. Anti-inflammatory medicines are usually the first treatments applied, including:

Your doctor may also recommend corticosteroid injections. Commonly known as steroid injection or cortisone injection, these anti-inflammatory medications help with swelling and pain.

Physical Therapy

Physical therapy for calcific tendonitis is the preferred non-invasive treatment to relieve painful symptoms and strengthen your muscles and tendons.

Your physical therapist creates a treatment plan that includes various approaches to manage your calcific tendonitis.

Heat therapy

Ice packs

Ultrasound

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Range of motion exercises

Stretching and strengthening exercises

Alternative Treatments

For mild-to-moderate cases of calcific tendinopathy, your doctor may suggest alternative non-surgical treatments.

These conservative approaches are minimally invasive or non-invasive treatments that trigger physiological reactions in your body. These reactions boost your natural healing mechanism for tissue healing and pain relief.

Alternative treatment of calcific tendinitis may include:

Surgery

Surgical treatment for calcific tendinopathy is reserved for severe cases.

The standard surgical procedure for calcific tendinopathy is arthroscopic surgery. Your surgeon creates small incisions and inserts an arthroscope, a lighted instrument, into your joint to remove the calcium deposits.

Recovery after the surgery depends on the number, location, and size of the calcium deposits in your joints. Your surgeon may prescribe physical therapy to help you regain a full range of motion in your joint.

As with every surgical procedure, there are risks of developing complications from arthroscopic surgery for calcific tendonitis. Although rare, these complications of surgery may include:

Frozen shoulders

Infection

Reaction to anesthesia

Outlook

Most cases of calcific tendinitis can be easily treated with rest and conservative treatment. Surgery for severe calcific tendinopathy may take some recovery time, but you'll be able to regain joint function and resume your daily activities within the week of the surgery.

Regular check-ups with your healthcare providers are essential when recovering from calcific tendinitis, especially if you have had a previous experience of calcific tendinopathies.

Although calcific tendinitis can be associated with rotator cuff tendonitis and frozen shoulder, you may have a greater chance of full recovery when treated early on.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
How long does it take for calcific tendonitis to heal?
Although the calcium deposits gradually dissolve spontaneously, a full recovery from calcific tendonitis may take about 12 to 18 months to heal.
Why is calcific tendonitis painful?
Calcific tendinitis occurs with the deposition of calcium in your tendons. The calcium build-up adds pressure and irritates the tendons, causing inflammation and chronic pain.
What is the best treatment option for calcium tendonitis?
There is no single cure for calcific tendinopathy. Conservative treatments, like physical therapy or medications, for calcific tendinitis usually relieve mild cases. For severe symptoms, you may need to resort to surgical treatment for tendinitis.
Is calcific tendonitis serious?
Calcific tendinitis is a build-up of calcium deposits in your tendons, causing inflammation and pain. If left untreated, it can lead to severely impaired movement and reduced quality of life.
What causes calcific tendinitis?
The exact cause of calcific tendinopathy is still unclear. However, degeneration with aging and general wear and tear can trigger calcification in tendons.
Can too much consumption of calcium lead to calcium tendonitis?
Consuming excess amounts of calcium does not contribute to calcific tendonitis. Calcium in your diet is essential to reduce your chances of developing bone problems like osteoporosis or bone thinning.
Is calcific tendinitis surgery risky?
Surgery for calcific tendinopathy is safe, but there is a low risk of developing side effects from surgery like all other surgical procedures.

To search for the best Orthopedics Healthcare Providers in Croatia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the UAE, UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Mersad is a medical doctor, author, and editor based in Germany. He's managed to publish several research papers early in his career. He is passionate about spreading medical knowledge. Thus, he spends a big portion of his time writing educational articles for everyone to learn.
Sources Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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CALCIFIC TENDINITIS: TYPES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT

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Calcific tendinitis is a condition when calcium deposits builds up in your muscles and tendons, leading to inflammation and pain. Click to learn more about the types, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment.

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ANTI-NUTRIENTS: ARE THEY REAL AND HOW HARMFUL ARE THE EFFECTS? - MYA CARE

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ANTI-NUTRIENTS: ARE THEY REAL AND HOW HARMFUL ARE THE EFFECTS? - MYA CARE

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Everyone consumes antinutrients on a daily basis and excessive amounts may detract from health.

The below discussion summarizes potential dangers of antinutrients, who is at the highest risk and how dietary antinutrients can be reduced or neutralized.

What Are Anti-Nutrients?

Anti-nutrients are any components of food which counter the actions of nutrients. Some of them prevent nutrient uptake or utilization; while other anti-nutrients promote inflammation and damage, depleting nutrient reserves in the process. Anti-nutrients may be classified alongside other nutrients or as toxins.

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Everyone consumes antinutrients on a daily basis and excessive amounts may detract from health.

The below discussion summarizes potential dangers of antinutrients, who is at the highest risk and how dietary antinutrients can be reduced or neutralized.

What Are Anti-Nutrients?

Anti-nutrients are any components of food which counter the actions of nutrients. Some of them prevent nutrient uptake or utilization; while other anti-nutrients promote inflammation and damage, depleting nutrient reserves in the process. Anti-nutrients may be classified alongside other nutrients or as toxins.

Consuming a food with a high concentration of an anti-nutrient usually is not harmful, unless the food is consumed all the time or specifically contraindicated for a health condition. The levels of anti-nutrients in any given food form a ratio with the food's nutrient levels. Just like anti-nutrients detract from the actions of nutrients, so too do nutrients detract from the actions of anti-nutrients.

Are There Benefits to Consuming Anti-Nutrients?

Yes, depending on the anti-nutrient in question and the context. The harmful actions of an anti-nutrient may be a benefit to an organism requiring it. For example, inhibiting the uptake of a nutrient can be a good thing if one has excessive levels of the nutrient. Furthermore, some anti-nutrients have been reported to act as antioxidants under certain conditions, serving dual purposes.

While the above is true, long-term consumption of an anti-nutrient-rich diet is not recommended, as nutritional deficiencies are usually the outcome.

10 Types of Anti-Nutrients & Their Anti-Nutritional Properties

The deleterious effects of anti-nutrients are often unique to the compound in question, and depend on the ratio of nutrients in the food.

The following anti-nutrients are known to contribute towards various states of disease when overly consumed:
1. Lectins
Lectins (also known as phyto-hemagglutinins) are glycoproteins that bind to carbohydrates and are found in many plant foods. Plants adapted to produce lectins to make them resistant to digestion and decomposition. This typically prolongs the survivability of the plant species, allowing for seeds to be a lot hardier and sprout when the conditions are suitable.

Nonetheless, lectins are typically consumed in small, harmless quantities, alongside many other nutrients. Improper preparation of lectins can however lead to lectin poisoning. Preparation reduces lectin count, while dietary nutrients can help to counter the effect of dietary lectins.

The rinds and seeds of a plant contain the highest amount of lectin, with some plant species being more lectin-heavy than others. Seeds, cereal grains, peanuts and legumes are considered lectin-heavy foods. The lectin content decreases after removing the husks, sprouting, soaking, or cooking.
2. Gossypol
Gossypol is an aldehyde that is derived from the cotton plant. It is a toxic yellow pigment that the plant produces in order to deter predators.

As the effects of gossypol are known to be toxic in high concentrations, cotton is grown in such a way that discourages gossypol formation. While cotton is mostly used to make fabric, cottonseed oil is extracted and used in a variety of foods. Cottonseed oil contains a much higher concentration of gossypol than would cotton fabric. It is advisable to limit one's intake of gossypol in light of the side effects.
3. Goitrogens
Goitrogens are any chemical compounds that detract from thyroid function and promote thyroid disease, often by blocking iodine uptake. Most goitrogens tend to promote the risk of hypothyroidism, however they may also promote hyperthyroidism risk.

Glucosinolates compete with iodine uptake into the thyroid. Found in mustard, cruciferous vegetables, turnips and rapeseed.

Cyanogenic Glucosides form thiocyanates, which also compete with iodine uptake. Found in various foods, including lima beans, linseed, sorghum, sweet potato and cassava.

Flavonoids in soy and millet impair thyroid peroxidase activity, which inhibits the utilization of thyroid hormones. This may increase the risk for hyperthyroidism.

Deficiencies in selenium, iron, iodine and vitamin A may make the effects of goitrogens worse by similarly affecting thyroid function.

In spite of having a bad rap as goitrogens, glucosinolates and glucosides are metabolized into a variety of compounds, some of which are beneficial for health. Furthermore, cooking and boiling can reduce the content of these groitrogens in food by more than 50%.
4. Phytates
Phytates are forms of phytic acid, which also goes by the name of myo-inositol hexaphosphate (IP6). It is produced by plants and found in seeds, serving as a source of phosphate for energy requirements. These compounds readily bind to positively charged minerals, such as Ca2+ (calcium), Cu2+ (copper), Fe3+ (iron) and Zn2+ (zinc), inhibiting their absorption during digestion.

In some instances, phytate may be beneficial for chelating excess iron, which is known to contribute towards chronic low-grade inflammation. In heme-rich foods, such as animal meat products, phytates can help to offset the negative effects of excessive iron consumption. Other studies suggest phytates may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by lowering the levels of Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) in diabetics.

Legumes, cereal grains and seeds contain the highest amounts of phytate, with levels varying depending on growing conditions and the cultivar used. Germination, fermentation, and soaking, all reduce the phytate content of these foods by using the natural enzymes they contain (phytases). Cooking and processing may also reduce the phytate content, however it is still advisable to sprout, soak or ferment phytate-heavy foods beforehand. Vitamin C-rich foods may offset mineral chelating properties of phytates, as can increasing one's mineral intake.
5. Tannins
Tannins are a broad class of plant-based chemicals with a high molecular weight that are found in many foods. These include herbal teas, nuts, seeds, legumes, coffee, wine, chocolate, brightly-colored fruits, and cereal grains.

Hydrolysable tannins consist of gallotannins and ellagitannins, while condensed tannins comprise proanthocyanidins. These compounds give food items an assortment of astringent flavors and bright coloring, including red, orange, blue and purple.

Like phytates, tannins display both beneficial and anti-nutritional properties. On the one hand, they are potent antioxidants and on the other hand, they may lower mineral absorption by chelating a wide variety of minerals.

Many studies illustrate the beneficial effects of tannins in promoting health, with the negative effects being pronounced in those with deficiencies or who consume nutrient deficient diets. High levels of tannins should not be consumed by those with anemia caused by iron deficiency or those who are severely deficient in other minerals.
6. Oxalates
Oxalates are forms of oxalic acid which bind with minerals to form insoluble salts. Animals, plants and photosynthetic organisms, like algae, produce oxalates endogenously. It is suspected that plants produce oxalates in order to chelate heavy metals, protect themselves from predators and to regulate calcium.

Dietary oxalates are known to deplete mineral and nutrient absorption by binding to nutrients in food. If oxalates are absorbed in the gut, they may contribute towards oxalate kidney stone formation as well as joint pain and stiffness. Those prone tend to eat a diet high in oxalate and absorb more than 10% of the oxalates they consume.

Soluble oxalates are a lot more damaging than insoluble oxalates. Foods high in oxalates include: herbal teas, spinach, chard, sweet potatoes, taro, amaranth, rhubarb, beets, sorrel, soybeans and other legumes. Roasting, baking and grilling can increase the oxalate content; while soaking, autoclaving (canning and bottling), boiling and steaming reduced oxalate levels. Additionally, dietary calcium can bind to and decrease the soluble oxalate content. Potassium, magnesium and phytate may all participate in reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.
7. Enzyme Inhibitors
Many foods contain enzymes as well as enzyme inhibitors. Enzyme inhibitors typically block the actions of digestive enzymes, which promotes improper digestion and reduced nutrient absorption. Legumes, seeds and cereal grains generally carry enzyme inhibitors to prevent digestive enzymes from breaking them down in the digestive tracts of animals that consume them.

Protease inhibitors block protein-degrading enzymes in cells. This interferes with a number of cellular functions for which proteases are required. Common symptoms of excessive protease inhibition include a swollen or enlarged pancreas, growth inhibition, improper digestion and nutritional deficiencies. As a high consumption of protease inhibitors is associated with an increase in pancreatic enzyme release, it may contribute towards insulin resistance in susceptible individuals.

Alpha-amylase inhibitors block the actions of alpha-amylase, a main ingredient in saliva that helps to break food down, particularly carbohydrates. Alpha-amylase inhibitors lower insulin levels, restrict carbohydrate digestion and protect against dental cavities. This in excess may result in digestive complaints.

Trypsin inhibitors block the action of trypsin, a pancreatic digestive enzyme that facilitates optimal protein digestion. Legumes are known to have higher quantities of trypsin inhibitors than other foods, alongside nightshade family foods.

Saponins are sugar metabolites of glucosides that may inhibit various digestive enzymes, as well as bind to and prevent absorption of trace minerals. This in turn interferes with glucose uptake, protein digestion and may promote gut inflammation and permeability. They are also known to lower cholesterol levels, which may not always be beneficial.

Hidden Anti-Nutrients
The below are some unexpected sources of dietary anti-nutrients:
8. Nutrients
Some nutrients may become anti-nutrients in the wrong forms and at the wrong concentrations. Whether a nutrient can be considered an anti-nutrient or not also depends on the person consuming the nutrient. Some nutrients may be useful in disease prevention while others may contribute towards pathology. Moreover, an excessively consumed nutrient that competes with a deficient nutrient and inhibits its uptake may be considered an anti-nutrient.
9. Bacterial Metabolites
There is a very complex interplay between our gut microbes, the components in our food and the products they go on to make from that food. Bacteria may metabolize anti-nutrients and lessen their toxicity, however they may also increase absorption of the anti-nutrient. The by-products they make from a nutrient or anti-nutrient may be toxic as well.

Some toxins are only transiently produced before being transformed into another potentially beneficial product. The ability of the gut to tolerate anti-nutrients depends on digestive function, the diet and the ratio of bacteria in the gut. This is a prime reason why bacterial diversity is very important for optimal digestive function.
10. Refinement and Oxidized By-products
Heating and other food refining techniques, such as alkalization, can generate oxidized by-products in food which act as antinutrients. Alongside an increase in antinutrients, these techniques also tend to lower the nutrient content of the foods in question.

Who is at the Most Risk for Anti-Nutrient Toxicity?

As many common antinutrients reduce protein digestion and absorption as well as increase gut inflammation; they may promote disease risk or severity.

Antinutrients may be more of a risk for individuals with the following health conditions:

Hormonal Imbalances

Autoimmunity

Arthritis

Kidney Disease

Severe nutritional deficiency diseases, such as Beriberi

The elderly appear to be more susceptible to the side effects of overconsuming anti-nutrients than younger individuals.

4 Tips for Working with Dietary Anti-Nutrients

As dietary antinutrients are present in trace amounts in almost all foods, consuming them does not tend to be immediately harmful for most individuals. However, long-term consumption of a diet high in antinutrients can detract from general well-being.

The following tips can help to reduce the antinutrient content of one's diet, promoting optimal health.
1. Consume a Nutritionally-Balanced Diet
In general, nightshade family foods, legumes, cereal grains and seeds have the highest quantities of antinutrients. One can balance the intake of these foods by consuming a higher amount of nutritious whole fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables will also improve the digestibility of these foods, improving overall nutritional status. These foods are also associated with overall health.

Minerals are another important dietary component to consider when balancing a diet. Moderate intake of potassium, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and zinc can all help to counter dietary antinutrients and regulate digestive function.
2. Food Preparation
Depending on the way in which food is processed, anti-nutrients may be formed or reduced during food refinement. Cooking can serve to lower both the nutritional and anti-nutritional content of foods.

Boiling, steaming or soaking tends to reduce many types of anti-nutrients in food. Phytates and lectins may be reduced through germination or fermentation. Tannins are reduced in cooking, peeling, and deshelling. Roasting, grilling, and baking may increase the concentration of lectins and oxalates in food.
3. Probiotics and Fermentation
While probiotics made using oxalobacter seem promising, human trials have shown them to be ineffective. Instead, optimizing gut health, increasing nutrient content and consuming a variety of prebiotic foods with oxalate in them (e.g. herbal tea, leafy greens) can help to increase gut oxalobacter counts.

Probiotic foods should be consumed alongside prebiotics and in moderation, particularly by someone with increased gut permeability.
4. Prebiotics and Dietary Enzymes
Bitter tasting foods are also able to enhance the production of digestive enzymes in the gut. The trillions of bacteria in the gut rely on digestive enzymes in order to facilitate optimal nutrient uptake. Food breaks down in the upper portion of the tract making it digestible to colonic bacteria. Digestive enzymes help create the right pH for the right bacterial species to populate the colon.

Conclusion

The long-term effects of consuming a diet deficient in nutrients or high in antinutrients may promote various states of disease. Nonetheless, while excess anti-nutrients can detract from one's well-being, the human body is well-equipped at handling them at the small amounts present in a healthy, balanced diet.

Consuming nutrient-dense foods and moderating foods high in antinutrients is conducive to optimal health. Foods high in the most harmful antinutrients include processed food, raw legumes, cereal grains and nightshade family produce. Antinutrients in herbal teas, fruits and other types of vegetables are often negligible, with nutrients to counteract any negative effects.

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anti-nutrients: are they real and how harmful are the effects?

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ANTI-NUTRIENTS: ARE THEY REAL AND HOW HARMFUL ARE THE EFFECTS?

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ANTI-NUTRIENTS: ARE THEY REAL AND HOW HARMFUL ARE THE EFFECTS?

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BILE DUCT CANCER: A RARE AND CHALLENGING CONDITION - MYA CARE

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BILE DUCT CANCER: A RARE AND CHALLENGING CONDITION - MYA CARE

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Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer where the bile ducts, a group of tubes that convey bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine, are affected. Bile helps the body eliminate waste and digest fats. As the cancer grows, it very often leads to bile duct blockage and gallbladder or liver problems. Cholangiocarcinoma is also called bile duct cancer or biliary tract cancer.

Bile duct cancer is frequently discovered in an advanced stage when it has progressed to distant body parts or nearby organs. This makes it difficult to treat and lends itself to a poor prognosis. Available treatments can help control symptoms and improve the life quality in people with cholangiocarcinoma.

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Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare type of cancer where the bile ducts, a group of tubes that convey bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine, are affected. Bile helps the body eliminate waste and digest fats. As the cancer grows, it very often leads to bile duct blockage and gallbladder or liver problems. Cholangiocarcinoma is also called bile duct cancer or biliary tract cancer.

Bile duct cancer is frequently discovered in an advanced stage when it has progressed to distant body parts or nearby organs. This makes it difficult to treat and lends itself to a poor prognosis. Available treatments can help control symptoms and improve the life quality in people with cholangiocarcinoma.

Bile Duct Anatomy and Cancer Types

Causes

The number one factors associated with causing bile duct cancer include gallstones, gallbladder lesions, growths or cysts, calcification of the gallbladder ("porcelain gallbladder"), and bile duct infections caused by liver flukes.

Other cholangiocarcinoma risk factors include:

Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis is closely linked to liver disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Liver cirrhosis

Bile duct problems present at birth

Smoking

Autoimmune diseases

Chronic exposure to certain chemicals or toxins

Family history of bile duct cancer

Genetic disorders such as Lynch syndrome and cystic fibrosis

Cholangiocarcinoma Symptoms

Bile duct cancer does not usually cause symptoms in its early stages. As it grows, blocked bile duct symptoms can become apparent, including:

Jaundice: yellowing of the skin and eyes caused by bilirubin buildup.

Itching: irritation of the skin

Abdominal pain: on the right side, below the ribs

Weight loss: due to loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, or malabsorption

General malaise: feeling unwell, tired, or weak

Fever: due to infection or inflammation

Night sweats: due to fever or hormonal changes

Stools may look lighter or discolored due to a lack of bilirubin, which is normally carried by the bile ducts to the small intestine. Instead, bilirubin excess is excreted through urine, causing it to look darker or even brown.

Bile Duct Cancer Stages

Stage 1

Stage 2:

Stage 3:

Stage 4:

Diagnosis

A physical exam and questions about your medical history will be conducted by your doctor if you exhibit symptoms that could be related to cholangiocarcinoma. Tests are also used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent and stage of the cancer.

These tests often include:

Blood tests: To check liver function, bilirubin, and bile salts levels in the blood, and tumor markers, such as CA 19-9, which indicate the presence and quantity of cancer cells.

Imaging tests: These give an inside picture of the tumor's size, form, location, and any organs it has spread to locally or far away. Examples include ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), or positron emission tomography (PET) scans.

Endoscopic tests: This makes use of a medical device with a light and camera that is inserted into the body and can examine the bile ducts and take samples of tissue or fluid for biopsy. They may include endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC).

Biopsy: For removal of a small piece of tissue from the tumor or a nearby lymph node for microscopic examination and genetic diagnostics. This can confirm the diagnosis and determine the type and grade of the cancer. A biopsy can be done during an endoscopic test by inserting a thin needle through the skin into the tumor (fine needle aspiration) or with surgery.

Treatment Options

The type, stage, location, and size of the tumor, as well as your general health and preferences, affect the course of treatment for bile duct cancer. The treatment primarily aims to destroy the cancer cells, alleviate bile duct obstruction symptoms, and stop or delay cancer recurrence or spread.

Surgery

This is the only potentially curative treatment for cholangiocarcinoma. Surgery may involve removing part or all of the bile ducts and affected organs to reroute bile and alleviate blockages. However, only a small percentage of people with this cancer are eligible for surgery, as most tumors are too advanced or located in difficult places to be completely removed.

Bile duct resection: Removal of the affected bile duct and reconnecting the remaining bile ducts to the intestine. Used for cancers that affect bile ducts outside the liver.

Whipple procedure: The damaged bile duct, adjacent lymph nodes, and a portion of the small intestine and pancreas are removed. It is used for tumors that are near the pancreas and small intestine.

Biliary bypass: Creates a new route for bile to flow from the liver or gallbladder to the intestine, bypassing the blocked bile duct. Relieves discomfort, jaundice, and itching caused by bile duct blockage.

Stent placement: Opens a blocked bile duct by inserting a metal or plastic tube (stent) in to keep it open and allow bile to flow. Relieves bile duct blockage symptoms.

Radiosurgery: Targets and destroys cancer cells in a precise area using high-energy beams of radiation. Treats small tumors that cannot be surgically removed or have recurred after surgery. It may also help resolve symptoms in the context of palliative or end-of-life care.

Liver surgeries that can help those with cholangiocarcinoma include:

Chemotherapy

To reduce the size of the tumor before surgery in order to make it easier to remove (neoadjuvant chemotherapy).

To reduce the risk of recurrence after the surgery (adjuvant chemotherapy).

As the main treatment for advanced or inoperable tumors (palliative chemotherapy).

Chemotherapy can be given by mouth (orally), by injection into a vein (intravenously), or directly into the liver through an artery (hepatic arterial infusion). In order to give the body time to heal, chemotherapy is typically administered in cycles of three to four weeks. The number and duration of cycles depend on the response and tolerance of the patient.

The most commonly used chemo drugs for cholangiocarcinoma are Gemcitabine and Cisplatin. These drugs are usually given together as a combination therapy. Other drugs that may be used include Fluorouracil (also called 5-FU), Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin), and Capecitabine (Xeloda).

The effectiveness and side effects of chemotherapy may vary from person to person. Chemotherapy frequently causes side effects such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, exhaustion, low blood cell counts, and an increased risk of infection.

Radiation Therapy[10]

In radiation therapy, cancer cells are damaged or destroyed using high-energy rays or particles. As with chemotherapy, radiotherapy can be used in the form of neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or palliative radiation therapy.

Radiation therapy can be administered from inside the body (brachytherapy) or from the outside (external beam radiation therapy). These are usually administered in successive doses over the course of weeks to months. A radiotherapy or oncologist will work out a suitable protocol. Chemo can also be combined with radiation therapy (chemoradiotherapy) or radiosurgery to increase its effectiveness.

Some side effects of radiotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma include fatigue, low blood cell counts, skin irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and increased risk of infection. Depending on the dose, duration, and type of radiotherapy, the side effects can change. Newer techniques and supportive care are known to help reduce side effects and improve outcomes.

Other Treatments

These are treatments that use heat, cold, electricity, or radiation to destroy cancer cells in the bile ducts, such as:

Radiofrequency Ablation uses high-frequency electric currents to heat up and get rid of small tumors in the liver.

Cryoablation uses extreme cold to freeze and remove small tumors in the liver.

Photodynamic Therapy uses a light-sensitive drug and a laser to activate it to eliminate tumors that block or narrow the bile ducts.

Selective Internal Radiation Therapy uses tiny radioactive beads to deliver radiation directly to the tumors that have spread inside or outside the liver.

Some of these therapies may be good options for getting rid of leftover tumor cells in the area after surgical removal.

Future Therapies

Immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and many other options are currently being tested for treating cholangiocarcinoma. These improve the immune's ability to detect and destroy cancer, as well as target specific receptors that help remove tumors. Treatment-resistant patients have been signing up for trials testing their efficacy, which has already been shown for other types of cancer.

Prognosis and Outlook

The prognosis of bile duct cancer depends on several factors, such as the type, stage, location, and size of the tumor, the treatment received, and the response to treatment. Since most tumors are discovered at an advanced stage and are challenging to cure, the survival rate of bile duct cancer is often low.

According to the American Cancer Society, the American average overall 5-year relative survival rate for intrahepatic bile duct cancer is 9%, and 10% for extrahepatic bile duct cancer. Depending on the stage, survival rates can change:

Some people may have a better or worse prognosis than others, depending on their specific circumstances. The best rates are cited for those who undergo surgery coupled with chemo or radiotherapy.

Prevention and Management Tips

To prevent or reduce the risk of bile duct cancer, you can:

Avoid or treat conditions that cause inflammation or infection of the bile ducts.

Lead a healthy lifestyle that includes a gut-supportive nutritious diet and a balanced exercise plan.

Get regular check-ups and screenings for bile duct problems or liver diseases.

Maintain a healthy weight.

Quit smoking and avoid secondhand smoke.

Avoid or limit exposure to harmful chemicals.

Conclusion

Bile duct cancer is rare and challenging to treat. It is usually only diagnosed at a very advanced stage, resulting in a poor prognosis. Leading a healthy lifestyle and opting for regular screenings are key for prevention in those at a higher risk. Current treatment options involve surgery coupled with chemo or radiation therapy. With emerging advances in diagnosis and treatment, there are more options and opportunities for people with this condition to improve their outcomes and quality of life.

To search for the best Oncology Doctors and Oncology Healthcare Providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
Sources: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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bile duct cancer: a rare and challenging condition

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BILE DUCT CANCER: A RARE AND CHALLENGING CONDITION

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Cholangiocarcinoma is a rare and challenging type of cancer affecting the bile duct. Learn about the symptoms, diagnosis, disease stages, and treatment options.

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PLANTAR FASCIITIS – TREATMENT OPTIONS AND THE ROLE OF STEM CELL THERAPY - MYA CARE

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PLANTAR FASCIITIS – TREATMENT OPTIONS AND THE ROLE OF STEM CELL THERAPY - MYA CARE

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Plantar Fasciitis is the most common cause of chronic heel pain, known to persist for several weeks to a year in most patients. Plantar Fasciitis treatment options can help reduce pain and speed up the recovery process. Research into cellular mechanisms has highlighted the key role of stem cell therapy in treating Plantar Fasciitis.

The article below provides an overview of Plantar Fasciitis and its treatment, including symptoms, causes, risk factors, and which treatment options are the best.

What is Plantar Fasciitis?

When the plantar fascia of the feet become irritated, inflamed, and painful, it is known as Plantar Fasciitis. Ultrasonography often reveals microtears, granulation of tissue, disordered collagen, and other signs of plantar fascia degeneration. Plantar Fasciitis is curable in over 95% of cases.

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Plantar Fasciitis is the most common cause of chronic heel pain, known to persist for several weeks to a year in most patients. Plantar Fasciitis treatment options can help reduce pain and speed up the recovery process. Research into cellular mechanisms has highlighted the key role of stem cell therapy in treating Plantar Fasciitis.

The article below provides an overview of Plantar Fasciitis and its treatment, including symptoms, causes, risk factors, and which treatment options are the best.

What is Plantar Fasciitis?

When the plantar fascia of the feet become irritated, inflamed, and painful, it is known as Plantar Fasciitis. Ultrasonography often reveals microtears, granulation of tissue, disordered collagen, and other signs of plantar fascia degeneration. Plantar Fasciitis is curable in over 95% of cases.

The condition usually lasts for several months to a year, with most cases resolving after this time. Treatment can help to manage symptoms and, in some cases, may be required for resolution.[1]

Anatomy. The plantar fascia are ligaments that lie just beneath the skin under the feet, spanning from the heel to the forefoot. They are involved in supporting the arches of the feet and are required for optimal balance and movement while standing and walking. In addition to aiding the alignment of the feet, they serve as shock absorbers and limit foot strain.

Symptoms. The primary sign of Plantar Fasciitis is a sharp pain that radiates from under the heel. The pain is often the worst while taking the first few steps in the morning. Walking and gently stretching the area helps to alleviate the pain, yet it tends to get progressively more tender as the day wears on. Flexing the feet and prolonged standing throughout the day can promote pain, and in severe cases, prolonged sitting can as well.

Causes. Regarded as an overuse injury, Plantar Fasciitis is caused by excessive strain and wear and tear of the plantar fascia. It may also occur as a result of a direct injury. While injury can cause acute inflammation, persistent Plantar Fasciitis is not thought to arise from chronic inflammation. Continuous strain on the plantar fascia promotes thickening, stiffening (fibrosis), elasticity loss, and degeneration of the tissue, which gives rise to chronic pain. Other studies highlight unbalanced stem cell proliferation between stem cell types (vascular and collagen-related stem cells) and over-vascularization of the area, resulting in a continuous cycle of destruction, "regenerative" overgrowth, irritation, and pain[3]. Resolution depends upon the ability of the tissue to regenerate properly in a balanced manner.

Risk Factors. Advanced age, regular and competitive running, certain types of dance, obesity, poor posture, heel pad atrophy, prolonged standing, and weight-lifting are all common risk factors. Unusual foot alignment, flat feet, or a high arch can also place strain on the plantar fascia. Approximately 50% of those with Plantar Fasciitis present with heel spurs as well. They are not known to cause Plantar Fasciitis, yet may increase the strain on the plantar fascia.

Prevalence. Plantar Fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain, estimated to affect roughly 10% of the global population and account for 1-2 million patient visits annually.

Plantar Fasciitis Treatment Options

Plantar Fasciitis treatment options are similar to those for general tendinitis. These include:

Gentle Calf and Feet Exercises. Carefully stretching the area along the surrounding tissues can help ease stiffness and reduce pain. Studies also highlight that these exercises are critical for recovery, even with other treatments. The plantar fascia-specific stretch has been shown to be the best for improving daily functionality and lowering pain. It involves using one hand to flex the toes as upright as possible while using the other hand to gently palpate or gently sink fingers into the plantar fascia (the tissue just after the heel in the arch of the foot). Holding the stretch for 30 seconds, three times per session, is optimal to perform after getting out of bed and after prolonged sitting. The calves can also be stretched for an even better result. Speak to your doctor for more specific information on exercises for Plantar Fasciitis recovery.

Ice Massage. A fluid-filled frozen can or bottle can help massage the arch of the foot and manage pain. This can be achieved by standing on the bottle and rolling it under the affected foot for 5-10 minutes at the end of each day. This is known to enhance foot functionality and helps to improve the patient's ability to exercise the feet.[4]

Orthopedic Support. Heel pads, orthopedic insoles, and night splints are thought to offer better support, limit the motion of the affected area, and lower pressure. Some studies suggest that these are as effective as a placebo and unnecessary[5], while others suggest that combining full-length insoles with rocker shoes or night splints may be beneficial.[6] Some patients with Plantar Fasciitis find relief with compression stockings, which might help by interrupting the overgrowth of blood vessels, lowering pain, and helping the patient perform fascia exercises.[7]

NSAIDs can help to manage pain, thin the blood, and reduce inflammation in the first month after injury to the fascia, yet are likely to be less effective after the initial injury phase. Due to negative side effects, it is advisable to limit their use.

While the above measures often help to resolve Plantar Fasciitis, the recovery process is long and can still be rather painful for those with severe cases. Several techniques have been developed to help manage pain and speed up recovery of the plantar fascia, the most promising of which would be stem cell therapy.

Despite the benefits, other therapeutic options only offer short to medium term benefits over performing daily plantar fascia exercises. While they may enhance regeneration, strengthening the fascia is still the most important part of recovery.

Injection for Plantar Fasciitis

Foot injections for Plantar Fasciitis treatment are very popular treatment options that often speed up the recovery process by several months and substantially improve the pain intensity. Of all the below injection options, PRP for Plantar Fasciitis often gives the best results.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injections. Platelet-rich plasma injection is a regenerative technique used to stimulate regeneration and new growth in a damaged or under-functioning area of the body. It involves taking a blood sample from the patient, concentrating the platelets 5-10 times by centrifugation, and then re-injecting them back into the area requiring treatment[8]. The blood platelets do more than seal wounds through clotting and are able to release neurotransmitters and other signals that substantially enhance regenerative processes. PRP for Plantar Fasciitis can help mobilize vascular stem cells to the area and stimulate the repair of the damaged plantar fascia. This is thought to be more effective than other treatments as it counteracts degeneration with minimal side effects. Preliminary evidence suggests it can provide pain relief in the long run, reduce the need for additional treatment[9], and greatly enhance the efficacy of all other treatment options.[10]

Stem Cell Injections for Plantar Fasciitis. Another popular treatment for reducing pain and promoting optimal regeneration is stem cell therapy.[11] While stem cell transplantation may improve healing and lower pain for many other ligament injuries[12], one study suggests that Plantar Fasciitis could develop or become worse after transplantation, especially in those receiving treatment for hematologic cancers[13]. This is likely due to the risk of transplant rejection or graft vs. host disease, both of which can exacerbate pain and inflammation. In this regard, indirect stem cell therapy may be superior, such as PRP injections. Other studies suggest that amniotic tissue transplantation (high in stem cells with low rejection risk) may help to almost completely negate heel pain in those with Plantar Fasciitis after 12 weeks.[14]

Steroid Injections. Patients resistant to all other treatment options may find that corticosteroid injections can help in lowering pain in the affected area for several weeks after treatment. This is known to be effective in reducing inflammation in the area. However, it is not recommended for most cases of Plantar Fasciitis, which are indicative of chronic degeneration rather than chronic inflammation. More than one injection is not advisable due to the elevated risk of heel pad atrophy and/or rupture, which can perpetuate the condition and delay recovery.

Injection Techniques: Ultrasound-Guided vs. Palpation-Guided. Ultrasound-guided PRP injections proved to be superior to palpation-guided injections. This is due to better accuracy as well as improved breakdown of faulty and stiff plantar fascia tissues.[15]

Complementary Therapy for Plantar Fasciitis

Aside from foot injections for Plantar Fasciitis, other therapies are available that may complement the recovery process:

Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) makes use of low-frequency, high-energy ultrasound to break down overgrown and stiff fibrotic areas of the plantar fascia, as well as promote optimal stem cell mobilization and regeneration. The long-term results were shown to be of similar efficacy to that of PRP for Plantar Fasciitis[16]. Unlike PRP, ultrasound was shown to promote collagen repair, which suggests that it can stimulate a different population of stem cells to that of PRP (which largely promotes vascular stem cells and not those found in connective tissues). Due to the way in which ESWT disrupts abhorrent growth processes and how PRP encourages optimal stem cell function, combining both therapies with gentle fascia exercises may be the best technique for reducing pain and speeding up recovery.

Acupuncture and Dry Needling. Very limited evidence is available to suggest a short-term pain relief of acupuncture and/or dry needling on pressure points associated with the heel[17]. Results suggest the benefits are best utilized within the first 8 weeks of Plantar Fasciitis onset.

When is Surgery for Plantar Fasciitis Necessary?

Surgery is often only deployed for around 5% of those with Plantar Fasciitis when the condition does not see resolution after a year and with intensive non-invasive treatment. All surgeries offered for Plantar Fasciitis aim to decrease tension on the plantar fascia and include:

Partial plantar fascia release is often an open surgery in which a small incision is made in the plantar fascia to reduce tension and remove potential bone spurs.

Gastrocnemius recession is a surgery in which the calf muscles are lengthened to allow for better movement and flexion of the feet while reducing pressure on the plantar fascia. This surgery is often done together with the above surgery for full relief.

Despite being well-tolerated in most cases, it may cause chronic heel pain and/or nerve damage and should only be opted for as a last resort if other treatment options fail. In the event of surgery, one may wish to consider complementary stem cell therapy, such as PRP, to enhance outcomes and lower the risk of complications.

Conclusion

The best remedy for Plantar Fasciitis involves gentle exercises to strengthen the area and manage painful symptoms. The mechanisms underlying the condition pertain to faulty regenerative processes that cause excessive growth, stiffness, and degeneration of the plantar fascia, rendering typical anti-inflammatory treatment options unnecessary (e.g., steroid injections and NSAIDs). PRP for Plantar Fasciitis shows the most therapeutic promise as it is able to improve the regenerative responses, lower pain, and enhance all other treatment options without side effects. Ultrasound treatments like ESWT can further speed recovery times by interrupting degenerative processes, increasing collagen repair, and regulating regeneration. Surgery should only be a last resort if treatment and exercises prove ineffective after 12 months. PRP may help lower the risk of surgical complications.

To search for the best Orthopedics Healthcare Providers in Croatia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
Sources:

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431073/

[2] https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/plantar-fasciitis-and-bone-spurs

[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4509735/

[4] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27888788/

[5] https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2019/0615/p744.html

[6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31629333/

[7] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4325390/

[8] https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/treatment/platelet-rich-plasma-prp/

[9] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7203280/

[10] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30448183/

[11] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31569916/

[12] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32440519/

[13] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17041419/

[14] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4600490/

[15] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9992755/

[16] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9980840/

[17] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5311890/

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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plantar fasciitis – treatment options and the role of stem cell therapy

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PLANTAR FASCIITIS - TREATMENT OPTIONS AND THE ROLE OF STEM CELL THERAPY

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Discover more about Plantar Fasciitis, a condition that develops when the plantar fascia of the feet become irritated and inflamed, causing chronic heal pain.

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WHY FLAT SHOES MAY NOT BE BEST FOR YOUR FEET - MYA CARE

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WHY FLAT SHOES MAY NOT BE BEST FOR YOUR FEET - MYA CARE

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A flat shoe is a type of shoe that is flat across the mid-foot or the innersole. This implies that the arch of the foot is unsupported, and the sole does not conform to the shape of your arch. Flat shoes include thongs/flip flops, dress or ballet flats, or casual flats. Flats are popular among women and are often perceived as a healthier alternative for regular use than heeled shoes. However, while flat shoes may be acceptable in some circumstances, wearing them frequently is not advised since they may lead to various foot, ankle, lower limb, or back disorders. They offer little shock absorption, and the toes frequently have to put in all the effort to keep the shoe on. This strains the sole, Achilles tendon, and calf muscles.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/why-flat-shoes-may-not-be-best-for-your-feet

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ROTAVIRUS: SYMPTOMS, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION  - MYA CARE

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ROTAVIRUS: SYMPTOMS, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION  - MYA CARE

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Vomiting. Fever. Stomach pain. Diarrhea. Those are symptoms that babies and toddlers often experience, and they can happen for numerous reasons. So what might cause fever and vomiting followed by diarrhea in children?

The rotavirus is an RNA virus that causes a stomach infection, most commonly in kids under five years of age.

Before developing a vaccine, most kids got a rotavirus infection at least once before turning five.

The virus spreads through hand-to-mouth contact after touching unwashed hands, surfaces, or objects contaminated by the rotavirus.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/rotavirus-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

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What is obesity?

Obesity is a chronic disease defined as having an excessive accumulation of adipose tissue or body fat. An objective measurement usually involves the calculation of one’s body mass index (BMI) by dividing a person’s weight in kilograms by the square of a person’s height in meters. A BMI value over 30kg/m² is considered as obesity.

Obesity affects multiple organs in the body and is a major risk factor for various cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and psychiatric disorders (e.g. depression). It is also part of the metabolic syndrome, which is a group of conditions that increase the risk for heart disease, stroke, diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/skin-problems-in-obesity

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WHAT IS OZEMPIC (SEMAGLUTIDE)? AND CAN IT HELP YOU LOSE WEIGHT? - MYA CARE

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WHAT IS OZEMPIC (SEMAGLUTIDE)? AND CAN IT HELP YOU LOSE WEIGHT? - MYA CARE

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Ozempic (semaglutide) is an antidiabetic medication that regulates blood glucose levels. When paired with a low-calorie diet and increased physical exercise, it can also assist overweight and obese people who do not have diabetes to lose considerable weight and keep it off.

Many weight-loss drugs were originally developed to treat a medical condition, such as diabetes or opioid dependence. Doctors later discovered that these medications also have weight reduction abilities. Ozempic is one of those drugs that can help reduce weight.

Keep reading to learn more about Ozempic, how it works, who can use it, and how it can help with weight loss.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/what-is-ozempic-semaglutide-and-can-it-help-you-lose-weight

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EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT DEEP PLANE FACELIFT - MYA CARE 

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EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT DEEP PLANE FACELIFT - MYA CARE 

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In the past decades, we are witnessing a growing demand for cosmetic procedures. In the beginning, these were almost all surgical. In recent years, however, minimally invasive aesthetic treatments, such as Botulinum toxin injections and dermal fillers, are gaining popularity.

While both types have their advantages and drawbacks, it is clear that only surgery can deliver radical and long-lasting results. Facelift surgery is particularly effective, and its latest version, the Deep Plane Facelift, is even more so.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/everything-you-need-to-know-about-deep-plane-facelift

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DO ANXIETY RINGS REALLY WORK? - MYA CARE

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DO ANXIETY RINGS REALLY WORK? - MYA CARE

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Do you nervously click your pen or tap your fingers on the desk incessantly? Do you constantly stress about a work or personal event? Do you panic or experience anxiety and need something to calm your nerves?

There are many options for managing symptoms of anxiety. Meditation, medication, and therapy are some effective anti-anxiety measures. But how about calming your nerves by distracting them?

The fidget spinner exploded into the limelight in 2017, helping people relieve anxiety, psychological stress, or nervous energy. While the fidget spinner passed from a trend to a fad in a blink of an eye, people still need a way to settle their minds. Today, thousands of people worldwide use pieces of jewelry to deal with stress and anxiety.

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Do you nervously click your pen or tap your fingers on the desk incessantly? Do you constantly stress about a work or personal event? Do you panic or experience anxiety and need something to calm your nerves?

There are many options for managing symptoms of anxiety. Meditation, medication, and therapy are some effective anti-anxiety measures. But how about calming your nerves by distracting them?

The fidget spinner exploded into the limelight in 2017, helping people relieve anxiety, psychological stress, or nervous energy. While the fidget spinner passed from a trend to a fad in a blink of an eye, people still need a way to settle their minds. Today, thousands of people worldwide use pieces of jewelry to deal with stress and anxiety.

Anxiety rings, spinner rings, or fidget rings are rings that can be worn on your fingers. It is a popular purchase that helps curb your anxiety and manage its symptoms. Unlike the fidget spinner that needed to be carried around, which was noisy and a source of distraction in meetings, the anxiety rings are discreet. They can be easily slipped into your fingers or around your neck, making the anti-anxiety help you need available at all times with you.

What exactly are these anxiety rings, and how do anti-stress rings work? If you are looking to buy one for yourself, you might want to know in-depth about spinner rings for anxiety.

Let's take a look at these anxiety fidget rings and find out if these are just fashion fads or if they are effective in helping you handle stress.

Keep reading if you are intrigued by the concept of anxiety rings.

What is an anxiety ring for?

Anxiety rings are known to help manage anxiety and stress in public. The rings are available in various colors, metals, and designs, all of which are intended to suppress nervous energy subtly and stylishly.

Spinner rings are believed to stem from ancient Tibetan meditation tradition. They were called worry rings because they had a calming effect on the mind and body. Even in Judaism, spinner rings were used in meditation to ease the mind.

Fast forward to modern times, anxiety rings are well-known for soothing the brain through the repetitive action of spinning.

How do anti-anxiety rings work?

Fidgeting is one way most people expend nervous energy to respond to anxiety. Some people bounce their legs up and down or chew on things, such as the lower lips, or turn things repeatedly in their hands.

We fidget because the elevated stress hormone prepares our muscles for a sudden exertion. Research has shown that fidgeting lowers cortisol, the stress hormone, clears our heads, and improves memory.

The idea behind fidget rings for anxiety is similar to fidgeting. They might look like normal rings to most people, but they are designed in such a way that they combat panic attacks and daily stress. They give your brain something to focus on so that your nervous energy and thoughts are redirected. While you play with your anxiety rings, signals are sent to your brains that will refocus your thoughts.

Each anxiety ring is made up of movable parts like segments in the middle that can twirl with the help of another finger or beads that can slide back and forth. Some rings may even use a combination of light vibration and subtle hum during spinning to reduce overthinking and slow the mind.

Whenever you experience anxiety, place the ring on your finger and concentrate on twisting the band or rolling the beads. You can use it during meetings or give it to your kids to use at school. Either way, it will help you focus on the task rather than panic.

Spinner rings should be used alongside other methods to alleviate anxiety. Meditation, yoga, deep breathing, and physical activity can help your mind slow down and focus on one thought. Self-care and a good support system with family and friends who can resonate with you can also help manage anxiety.

What are the benefits of anxiety rings?

The benefits of using anxiety rings are:

They help with focus and stimulation management.

They are easy to use.

They do not attract attention like fidget spinners.

Can you use fidget rings for ADHD?

Adults and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have trouble sitting still and move around excessively. Fidgeting is a symptom of hyperactivity commonly associated with ADHD.

Fidgeting was long considered a negative symptom until recently. Researchers now believe it to be useful to improve focus. It is also a coping mechanism employed by the body to naturally promote the release of stimulants. This is why people with ADHD can reap benefits from fidget or anxiety rings.

How to use anxiety rings?

When you feel an attack coming on, you can use the spinners on the ring as a preventive measure. The beaded rings work well with our body's flight and fight response to stress and anxiety. Applying pressure on the beads will shift your thoughts to the pressure or the beads instead of anxiety.

The bottom line

Anxiety rings are not just shiny and sparkly pieces of jewelry. They are designed to keep your mind calm and hands busy. They come in the form of multiple bands that spin on your fingers or tiny beads that rotate. Fidgeting with anxiety rings can help prevent unhealthy, anxiety-provoking obsessive thoughts that distract your mind. Whether in a personal or professional situation, you can use anxiety rings without anyone knowing what you are doing.

So should you put a ring on it? While these rings are no cure for anxiety or a substitute for a comprehensive anti-anxiety treatment, they can be a good option in your mental health toolbox as an addition to science-backed methods. Consider speaking to a psychiatrist or a therapist if you continually experience jitters and nervousness.

To search for the best Psychiatry doctors worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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Are you curious about how Anxiety Rings, AKA Spinner Rings or Fidget Rings, help relieve stress and nervous energy? Click for more on how they work, who they help, and their benefits.

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THE HEALTH HAZARDS OF BEAUTY TREATMENTS AND HOW BEST TO AVOID THEM - Mya Care

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THE HEALTH HAZARDS OF BEAUTY TREATMENTS AND HOW BEST TO AVOID THEM - Mya Care

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Research into cosmetic products and beauty salon practices suggests that beauty treatments are not as safe as previously believed. The following discussion looks at common health problems associated with frequenting the beauty salon, as well as concerns and pitfalls associated with various beauty treatments. Read on for suggestions on how to lower the risks and make the most out of cosmetic treatments.

The Impact of Beauty Treatments on Health

Although beauty and health are frequently equated, cosmetic treatments can pose adverse effects that eventually lead to health issues. Research in recent years has shown that even standard appointments with the hairdresser can pose health consequences if adequate precautions are not taken. Beauty salon health hazards include:

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Research into cosmetic products and beauty salon practices suggests that beauty treatments are not as safe as previously believed. The following discussion looks at common health problems associated with frequenting the beauty salon, as well as concerns and pitfalls associated with various beauty treatments. Read on for suggestions on how to lower the risks and make the most out of cosmetic treatments.

The Impact of Beauty Treatments on Health

Although beauty and health are frequently equated, cosmetic treatments can pose adverse effects that eventually lead to health issues. Research in recent years has shown that even standard appointments with the hairdresser can pose health consequences if adequate precautions are not taken. Beauty salon health hazards include:

The Dangers Associated with Beauty Treatments were mostly revealed in studies that assessed the effects on beauty salon workers, who are more at risk than the general population. These studies hint at long-term health problems that susceptible individuals who frequent beauty salons may suffer. A few large-scale studies have additionally connected cosmetic chemical exposure to pressing health concerns in those who frequently opt for beauty treatments. The current evidence is summarised below:

Allergenic Symptoms. Nail salon workers that were exposed to high amounts of acetone, methyl methacrylate, and toluene were shown to suffer from symptoms such as headaches, light-headedness, and nose, eyes, throat, or skin irritation. Additional symptoms of workers exposed to these chemicals include shortness of breath, nausea, and confusion. Respiratory conditions also appear to be common in nail and hair salon workers.

May Promote Infertility. Beauty salon workers appear to be at an increased risk for reproductive disorders. According to one study, hairdressers and cosmetologists are at a higher risk of miscarriage, infertility, or premature birth compared to the general population.

Another study reported that 11.7% of pregnant women that worked in a nail salon had at least one miscarriage.

Cancer Risk. There have been various investigations into the potential cancer risk of chemical exposure in beauty salons. In one long-term trial conducted from 1988 to 2005, the average occurrence of cancer was around 2.8% in more than 325 000 beauty salon workers in California. Thyroid and lung cancer appeared to be the most common types in this study. Elevated risks for breast cancer, bladder cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma have been associated with the use of permanent hair dyes and related chemicals. While the risk is low, frequent beauty treatments can be detrimental to susceptible individuals. Further risks and recommendations pertaining to specific beauty treatments have been reviewed below.

Beauty Treatment Safety Considerations

The main risks associated with beauty treatments often arise from the combination of nourishing (microbe-promoting) ingredients, harsh chemical agents, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, and inadequate hygiene practices. Considerations for minimizing the above risks are discussed below:

Considerations that may detract from safe ventilation include:

The Premises Itself. A lack of windows coupled with a small area can quickly become a health hazard, particularly with regard to chemical exposure. A high ceiling, larger floor space, well-positioned air ventilating units, and more windows are all indications of better ventilation.

Extreme Weather Conditions. The time of year also affects the air quality inside buildings, as extreme weather conditions often detract from adequate ventilation. Where possible, it may be best to conserve beauty treatments for times of the year when optimal ventilation can be achieved. If living in a region subject to extreme weather conditions year-round, it is advisable to opt for a salon that makes use of an industrial air purifier.

Safe Storage. The overall composition of many beauty products lends itself to increased microbial growth. Many skin-nourishing ingredients provide optimal growth mediums for bacteria, including water, starches, sugars, proteins, and organic acids. The chemicals added into these formulations aim to preserve the integrity of the product yet may promote the growth of highly resistant bacteria. Any oils present in these products can eventually oxidize, leading to rancidity and the potential for skin irritation or infection. Light and temperature control of beauty products are prime concerns for safe storage.

Salon Sanitation Standards. Despite the high volume of chemicals used in most beauty salons, hygiene is still an important consideration. The propensity for infections and other symptoms is higher on average among beauty salon workers due to the chemicals they work with, as well as being in close contact with many clients on a daily basis. The chemicals may contribute towards promoting resistant bacteria, highlighting the greater need for consistent cleaning of the equipment and all areas of the salon.

Beautician Hygiene. One ought to opt for a salon with beauty workers that prioritize both hygiene and their own health. Many risks can be minimized if beauticians wash their hands between clients, keep their hair tied up, and use personal protective equipment. Workers with symptoms are more prone to making mistakes, which can lead to accidentally infecting their customers (e.g., nicking a cuticle during a manicure). It was shown that beauty salon workers who wear masks and gloves report fewer symptoms related to cosmetic chemical exposure. This practice is considered more hygienic and could reduce the risk of contamination between the client and the beautician.

Client Awareness. Leading a healthier lifestyle, informing oneself of the risk involved, and taking precautions can help to protect against potential long-term health consequences linked with frequent beauty treatments. It should be noted that nearly all methods for sterilizing equipment do not get rid of all microbes. Depending on the type of treatment received, individuals who frequent the beauty salon could benefit from washing after their visit and supporting their immune system. As discussed below in more detail, the type of treatment may be contraindicated for the individual. Selecting safer treatments and opting for sessions at optimal times can significantly lower the risk for getting sick. Tips for minimizing the risks involved with regard to specific beauty treatments are mentioned later on.

Timing of Treatments. As the most common side effects of beauty treatment constitute infection, chemical sensitivity, and allergy, their occurrence will also depend on the state of the individual's immune system and overall health. Those who opt for beauty treatments can theoretically minimize the risk by choosing their timing well, in accordance with their current state of health. If you are severely stressed, running an infection, suffering from an acute allergic reaction, or dealing with any other symptoms of illness, then it is advisable to postpone a beauty appointment till you feel better.

Health Concerns of Specific Beauty Treatments

General considerations aside, the majority of beauty treatments offered each pose their own set of unique health challenges, some of which are reviewed below.

Manicures and Pedicures

The nail salon appears to be a risky workplace for beauty salon workers in general due to the large volume of chemicals used to treat nails. Regular nail treatments are associated with the following health effects:

Nail Weakness. Despite how it might seem, manicures and pedicures have been reported to weaken nails in women who frequent nail salons. After removal of the polish from a manicure, nails appear weaker, more brittle, thinner, and more susceptible to damage.

Increased Infection Risk. Fake nails may be less hygienic than natural nails as they provide an optimal surface for bacterial growth. In a study conducted on nurses in a hospital environment, it was shown that gel nails were more resistant to sterilization when washed with an alcohol hand gel. Further studies reveal that healthcare workers with fake nails increase the risk of passing infections on to their patients since these are more difficult to clean and can tear gloves more often. Women who opt for fake nails may also be at risk for contracting recurrent infections, particularly if they work in close contact with many people.

Skin and Respiratory Reactions. Nail hardening, acrylic or gel nail and nail polish application, as well as polish removal, all make use of several chemical agents that can promote contact dermatitis, respiratory difficulties, and other allergic skin reactions. These chemicals include formaldehyde, acrylates and toluene. They are known to perfuse the air of nail salons during treatment and linger on the fingers of the customers afterward.

Cancer Risk. UV-A lamps are used to cure gel-based nail polish and may be linked with the occurrence of skin cancer around the nails of those who frequently use them. Limited data suggest that UV-A gel nail curing may increase the risk in susceptible individuals, which may be elevated if formaldehyde-containing products are used. The levels of potentially carcinogenic chemicals in the air of several tested salons in the US exceeded safety standards with regard to several types of cancer. While the incidence of cancer in nail salon workers is low, their risk is known to be higher than that of the general population.

Hair Treatments and Dyes

Hairdressing may be seen as one of the safest beauty treatments to opt for. Nonetheless, chemical exposures from hair care products have been observed to exceed safety standards in premises that lack adequate ventilation.

Common Chemicals in Hair Salons. Hair treatments have been associated with air concentrations of xylene and formaldehyde, while hair dying was especially associated with benzene and toluene. Other chemicals include ammonia and persulfate salts. All of these can promote respiratory, eye, and skin irritation when released into the air at large enough concentrations.

Hair Dye is known to contain many harsh chemicals in comparison to other types of hair treatment. While permanent hair dye is known to contain a larger degree of heavy chemicals that sink deeper into the hair shaft, impermanent and semi-permanent hair dyes also contain chemicals and are associated with similar risks. These include:

Cancer Risk. Many of the basic ingredients in any kind of hair dye have proven to induce cancer in mice at higher concentrations. Frequent and lifelong use of permanent dyes and dyes of a dark colour has been linked to subtle risk elevation for various cancer types, including lymphomas, leukaemia, multiple myeloma, and brain, breast and ovarian tumours . The risk is worse for hairdressers continuously exposed to such chemicals, as well as for clientele that frequently opts for such treatments in a hair salon, where chemicals may concentrate in the air.

Hair Treatments May Exacerbate Skin Symptoms. Those with skin conditions such as eczema may want to avoid frequent hairdressing appointments. Hairdressers report some of the highest levels of contact dermatitis and eczema by comparison to other salon workers. Frequent exposure to similar chemicals, particularly in premises that are not well-ventilated, may increase the risk for adverse reactions in these susceptible individuals.

Tattoos and Permanent Makeup

Tattoos have become an extremely popular cosmetic treatment over the last couple of decades. As a procedure, tattooing involves the penetration and delivery of ink to deeper layers of the skin in order to achieve a long-lasting image. Some people get tattoos to emulate permanent makeup, to which complications are similar.

Common Complications of Tattooing are similar to those of other cosmetic procedures and include skin reactions and infections. Skin reactions have been shown to be far more frequent with the use of colour inks as opposed to only black ink. Out of the colours available, reactions occur regularly with the administration of red ink, yet have also been observed with the use of green, purple, and blue inks. Those with pre-existing skin conditions ought to avoid getting a tattoo as it may increase symptom severity.

Possible Long-Term Toxicity and Other Tattoo-Related Concerns. Despite being so popular, there is limited information on the potential long-term toxicity of tattoos. Preliminary studies suggest that they may be more toxic than previously thought due to the following:

Heavy Metals and Other Toxic Components of Tattoo Ink. Tattoo ink contains many potentially toxic compounds, including heavy metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and dyes. All of these are known to promote free radical formation and oxidative stress in the skin and other bodily tissues. In tattoos, these compounds may accelerate skin aging and promote scarring or abnormal skin growth and regeneration. Heavy metal toxicity, in particular, is linked with increasing the risk for neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. Some inks were shown to contain heavy metals above safe limits. Even inks that have been tested and approved for safety may be contaminated with heavy metals at later points in the manufacturing process. Other formulations that make use of more natural dyes are still prone to chemical transformation in the skin, which can substantially increase their resultant toxic potential. These results suggest that a tattoo can be a vector for chronic low-grade inflammation throughout their lifespan.

Tattoo Cancer Risk. In light of the above findings, more research is required to understand the toxicity of tattoos and the degree to which they may contribute to carcinogenesis. Several small reports have indicated that tattoos may be responsible for elevating the risk of developing certain types of skin cancer, including melanomas and basal carcinomas. Blue, black, and red inks were more frequently associated with skin cancer than other colours. These types of cancers are usually ascribed to UV radiation and sun exposure. It is interesting to note that tattoos can cause heightened skin sensitivity toward light in some individuals. This may be related to ink-induced changes in skin pigmentation, which could interfere with the skin's ability to protect against UV.

Dermal Fillers

Cosmetic centers typically offer fillers for minor facial augmentation and for reducing the appearance of wrinkles. There are many different types of fillers offered to achieve the wishes of the client.

Filler Choice. The risk for complications varies across filler types (between <1-40%) and on an interindividual basis. Opting for temporary, less synthetic fillers (e.g., hyaluronic acid) poses a far lower risk than permanent, synthetic fillers and botox.

Avoidance of Blood Thinning Substances (including alcohol, medications, and herbal formulations) for 7-10 days prior to the procedure helps reduce the risk of complications.

Contraindications. Opting for a procedure when fighting an active infection or suffering from an acute allergy is not advisable. Individuals who have a history of severe allergies or autoimmune diseases may also wish to avoid dermal fillers as the chance for cross-reactivity is typically higher. Reactivity is also noted frequently in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

A comparison of dermal fillers, facial treatments, and hair removal therapies can be viewed .
General Beauty Risk Prevention Measures

Aside from choosing a hygienic beauty salon with optimal ventilation and health-conscious products, the following precautions can also greatly help to lower any potential beauty treatment risks:

Supporting Immune Function. Many beauty treatments can be regarded as miniature surgical procedures, such as tattoos and dermal fillers. In this regard, the immune system ought to be stable in order to reduce the risk of complications. Appointments ought to be postponed in the event of sudden illness, injury, or major stress. Safety precautions ought to be considered if indicated for the procedure, such as avoiding blood thinning substances for 1-2 weeks prior to the appointment. A healthy diet plan, low in inflammation-promoting, highly processed foods, should also be considered both prior to and after the appointment until full recovery. These tips can also be applied to minor beauty treatments, which also come with a risk of infection or triggering an allergic reaction, for which a strong immune system is the best protection.

Washing Before and After an Appointment. Irrespective of the kind of beauty treatment one opts for, infection is one of the top risks. It is important to keep clean before attending a beauty appointment, as well as to wash afterward. Special attention ought to be paid to the body area that came into closer contact with a beautician, such as the scalp, nails, or treated skin. It is worthwhile to consider more natural hygiene products that are gentler on the skin, such as hypoallergenic soap.

Minimizing Potential Damage with Antioxidants. Every single beauty treatment offered in a salon makes use of harsh chemical agents that can evoke oxidative stress in skin cells and potentially evoke an inflammatory or allergic reaction. Antioxidants can be employed to minimize potential harm. Many natural essential oils, vitamins and plant-based nutrients offer a wealth of antioxidants that can help to protect against oxidation and lower inflammation. Applying cream or oils to the area before a beauty treatment may provide a buffer against any unwarranted chemical side effects and applying these after the treatment may help to neutralize any residual chemical agents in the skin. Oil-based agents are ideal as they can be rubbed into or allowed to sink into the skin. Hands should be clean when applying antioxidants to the skin and washed after the application.

Conclusion

Beauty treatments pose unintentional risks as a result of microbial and chemical exposure, such as immune reactions, respiratory problems, and infections. Recent research shows that frequenting beauty salons can pose a greater lifetime risk of cancer, as highlighted in beauty salon workers who suffer from multiple chemical exposure, chronic allergy, and recurrent infections. Proper safety and sanitation standards in aspects such as adequate ventilation, product storage, and personal hygiene are vital for the client and the salon worker. In addition to opting for a salon that values chemical safety, one can lower the risks further by washing before and after treatments, making use of antioxidant skin-moisturizing oils, and supporting immune function as best as possible.

To search for the best health providers for dermatology in Croatia, Germany, Greece, Italy, Malaysia, Singapore, Slovakia Spain, Thailand, The UAE, the UK, and the US, please use our free search engine.
Sources: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.
To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

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the health hazards of beauty treatments and how best to avoid them

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THE HEALTH HAZARDS OF BEAUTY TREATMENTS AND HOW BEST TO AVOID THEM

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Research into cosmetic products and beauty salon practices reveals common health problems associated with frequenting the beauty salon and the concerns and pitfalls associated with various beauty treatments. Click to learn more.

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WHY SITTING IS SO BAD FOR YOU & 8 THINGS YOU CAN DO ABOUT IT - Mya Care

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WHY SITTING IS SO BAD FOR YOU & 8 THINGS YOU CAN DO ABOUT IT - Mya Care

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Sitting for long periods of time is a common theme in today's world where much work is done at a desk in an office environment - but did you know that there are many adverse side effects associated with sitting?

Below are some of the health problems associated with sitting for long periods of time. They also apply to those at home who enjoy sitting for on end watching television, reading novels or any other similar sedentary activity.

1. Back Pain and Mobility Problems

Sitting in the same position every day for hours on end is notorious for messing up posture, causing lactic acid build-up in the muscles and promoting pain and stiffness in both the muscles and joints along the spine.

Posture is absolutely essential to build the right muscles that offer optimal back support and may help to avoid back pain, depending on the cause. If our posture is out, our back or hip will also likely be, resulting in undesirable symptoms. Sitting for long has been associated with worsening our posture over time.

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WHY SITTING IS SO BAD FOR YOU & 8 THINGS YOU CAN DO ABOUT IT | Mya Care

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Does sitting for too long bother you? Here are 8 things you can do about it, as sitting for long periods of time is all too common in today’s world.

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CELLULITE TREATMENTS - WHAT WORKS AND WHAT DOESN’T? - MYA CARE

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CELLULITE TREATMENTS - WHAT WORKS AND WHAT DOESN’T? - MYA CARE

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Cellulite may be the most infamous of all aesthetic issues the majority of women struggle with worldwide.

The dimply, orange peel skin texture on the thighs, bottom, or belly is not something anyone looks forward to seeing. No wonder that the anti-cellulite battle has got a massive industry working to find the answer.

In this chase to cure cellulite, science leads the way. A highly effective and permanent solution does not exist yet. However, some treatments produce significant improvements.

Unfortunately, there are many false promises in the process. Magic formulas that claim they have it all figured out. In reality, most of these cure-all techniques do not solve the problem.

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Cellulite may be the most infamous of all aesthetic issues the majority of women struggle with worldwide.

The dimply, orange peel skin texture on the thighs, bottom, or belly is not something anyone looks forward to seeing. No wonder that the anti-cellulite battle has got a massive industry working to find the answer.

In this chase to cure cellulite, science leads the way. A highly effective and permanent solution does not exist yet. However, some treatments produce significant improvements.

Unfortunately, there are many false promises in the process. Magic formulas that claim they have it all figured out. In reality, most of these cure-all techniques do not solve the problem.

That's why we've created this article. To explain all relevant treatments present on the market today. So, if you want to see what works against cellulite and what does not, this is a place for you.

Let's start with the less exciting ones.

Anti-cellulite Treatments that don't Work

Science does not support the use of supplements, mesotherapy, or cryolipolysis.

Supplements. - You will often see ads claiming that supplements containing Ginkgo Biloba, caffeine, or grapeseed, can help you reduce cellulite. There is, however, no scientific data to back the effectiveness of these ingredients.

Mesotherapy - Different cocktails of injections containing enzymes, hormones, herbal extracts, and caffeine get injected into cellulite areas. There is no evidence that mesotherapy works against cellulite. The risk of complications is relatively high, ranging from swelling and redness to skin changes and infections.

Cryolipolysis - Freezing unwanted fat tissue. While this treatment is effective against small pockets of fat, it does not help reduce the appearance of cellulite.

Potentially Effective and Experimental Anti-cellulite Treatments

Some promising anti-cellulite treatments require more research, and others that seem to work well produce inconsistent results.

Radiofrequency

Radiofrequency is an FDA-approved cellulite treatment. That means it is safe but with limited effects.

Most radiofrequency devices combine this technology with massage, suction, and laser treatments. They heat the cellulite in an attempt to break up the connective tissue bands responsible for its appearance. However, most patients only report minor improvements, and post-treatment bruising is usual.

Carboxytherapy

Carboxytherapy uses carbon dioxide gas (CO2). The idea behind the procedure is to remove cellulite by inserting CO2 beneath the skin. Most patients notice only slight improvements. The treatment can cause discomfort and bruising.

Endermologie®

It is an FDA-approved massage technique that uses vacuum-based tools. Endermologie® is available at spas, and treatment providers claim that multiple sessions are necessary for visible results.

Ultrasound

Ultrasound, or ultrasonic liposculpting, can break up fat deposits, but it cannot reduce cellulite on its own. However, in combination with other techniques, it is a helpful anti-cellulite tool.

Laser-assisted Liposuction

Liposuction alone cannot improve cellulite. It can only make it worse. However, the combination of laser and liposuction is a promising one. More research is necessary.

Ionithermie

Ionithermie cellulite reduction is another popular spa treatment. It uses mild electric current in combination with clay and algae. The treatment area gets covered in this material, connected to electrodes, and wrapped in plastic. The entire process can cause discomfort in some patients.

The effects of the Ionithermie procedure are short-lasting and limited at best.

Lotions and creams

It is wrong to think that topical products do not influence cellulite. However, their effect is temporary, and they require regular daily use to produce any positive change.

Caffeine-containing products, for example, can dehydrate cells and make cellulite less visible.

Retinol is another common ingredient. It thickens the skin, making cellulite less prominent.

Topical retinol products require long-term use for maximum effect. So, it may take more than six months before visible results.

Anti-cellulite creams and lotions can contain different active ingredients. That's why it is vital to patch-test them before widespread application. That's a way to avoid allergic reactions and other unwanted complications.

Research-backed Cellulite Treatment Techniques

Science has a way of separating effective medical treatments from the ones that don't work. It's called research. Here are the study-backed anti-cellulite procedures:

Subcision

Subcision uses sharp needles to straighten the skin by cutting the fibrous connective cords that cause cellulite. The result is a significant reduction of visible dimples. The effects of the procedure are not permanent but can last for more than two years.

Laser Treatment

Multiple laser types are currently in use for cellulite treatment. Among the more popular anti-cellulite laser procedures is Cellulaze™. The minimally invasive technique involves the insertion of microlaser fibers beneath the skin.

Once the lasers are in position, they use light energy to break up the fibrous bands that cause cellulite and thicken the skin. The result is a reduction in visible cellulite that may last longer than one year.

Vacuum-Assisted Precise Tissue Release

The main principle of operation is not different from subcision and laser cellulite treatment. The goal is to eliminate the connective cords that cause skin dimpling. The technique involves the use of small blades for cutting the fibrous tissue. As of now, this may be the anti-cellulite treatment with the longest-lasting effect (up to three years).

Weight Loss and Exercise

Maintaining a healthy weight makes cellulite less visible. The case is similar with exercise. Adding muscle mass while melting the fat deposits makes the skin look tighter and reduces cellulite.

Acoustic Wave Therapy

Acoustic wave therapy (AWT) uses the mechanical energy of sound to boost the body's natural regenerative abilities. Research shows that several AWT sessions can reduce the amount of visible cellulite.

The Bottom Line

The fight against cellulite continues. At this moment, there is nothing that can remove cellulite indefinitely. However, there are some effective treatments with highly satisfying outcomes. So, if you decide to invest time and money to combat cellulite, make sure you don't waste both on something that does not work.

To search for the best Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery healthcare providers in Croatia, Germany, Greece, India, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the UAE, and the UK, please use the Mya Care Search engine.

To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Rosmy Barrios is an aesthetic medicine specialist with international work experience. She earned her physician diploma at the Universidad Del Norte's School of Medicine in Barranquilla, Colombia, and her specialty at John F. Kennedy University in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Dr. Barrios is a member of Pan-American Aesthetic Medicine Association (PASAM) and the Union Internationale de Medecine Esthetique (UIME). She is an expert health writer with keen interests in aesthetic medicine, regenerative aesthetics, anti-aging, fitness, and nutrition. Currently, Dr. Barrios heads the Regenerative Aesthetics department at a renowned Internal Medicine clinic based in Belgrade, Serbia.
References:

Friedmann DP, Vick GL, Mishra V. Cellulite: a review with a focus on subcision. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2017 Jan 7;10:17-23. DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S95830. PMID: 28123311; PMCID: PMC5234561.

DiBernardo BE, Sasaki GH, Katz BE, Hunstad JP, Petti C, Burns AJ. A Multicenter Study for Cellulite Treatment Using a 1440-nm Nd: YAG Wavelength Laser with Side-Firing Fiber. Aesthet Surg J. 2016;36(3):335-343. doi:10.1093/asj/sjv203

Hexsel D, Camozzato FO, Silva AF, Siega C. Acoustic wave therapy for cellulite, body shaping and fat reduction. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2017 Jun;19(3):165-173. DOI: 10.1080/14764172.2016.1269928. Epub 2017 Feb 2. PMID: 27997260.

Guida S, Bovani B, Canta Pier L, Dell'Avanzato R, Galimberti M, Migliori G, Pellacani G, Bencini PL. Multicenter study of vacuum-assisted precise tissue release for the treatment of cellulite in a cohort of 112 Italian women assessed with cellulite dimples scale at rest. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2019;21(7-8):404-407. doi: 10.1080/14764172.2019.1683209. Epub 2019 Oct 24. PMID: 31648594.

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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cellulite treatments - what works and what doesn’t?

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CELLULITE TREATMENTS - WHAT WORKS AND WHAT DOESN'T?

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People struggle with Cellulite. Click here to learn more about experimental and Research-backed Anti-cellulite Treatments.

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WHY MUSCLE MASS AND STRENGTH ARE IMPORTANT IN EVERYDAY LIFE - Mya Care

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WHY MUSCLE MASS AND STRENGTH ARE IMPORTANT IN EVERYDAY LIFE - Mya Care

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Muscles are an important part of the body, making up somewhere between 30 to 40% of all the tissues. It is essential that muscle tissue is built and maintained throughout the lifespan.

Read further to learn about the different types of muscle tissue in the body and why having strong muscles and keeping track of body fat percentage to ensure you have a lean body mass is important for your everyday life.

Types of Muscle Tissue

There are actually three types of muscle tissue found in the body. The microscopic structure of these muscle types differs because they are made for specific functions in the body.

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Muscles are an important part of the body, making up somewhere between 30 to 40% of all the tissues. It is essential that muscle tissue is built and maintained throughout the lifespan.

Read further to learn about the different types of muscle tissue in the body and why having strong muscles and keeping track of body fat percentage to ensure you have a lean body mass is important for your everyday life.

Types of Muscle Tissue

There are actually three types of muscle tissue found in the body. The microscopic structure of these muscle types differs because they are made for specific functions in the body.

1. Skeletal Muscle: This is the muscle tissue that has a striped appearance and only contracts when you want it to. In other words, the contraction is voluntary. These muscles attach to the bones of the body where they act as levers and contract and relax to bring about movement of the limbs. You also find these muscles on the face where facial expressions can be made.

2. Smooth Muscle: The smooth muscle, as the name implies consists of non-striated (not striped) tissues that contract without conscious thought. These are involuntary muscles that are controlled by the autonomic nervous system of the body. The smooth muscle lines many organs such as the stomach and intestine and contracts to move food along the gut when needed.

3. Cardiac Muscle: This muscle type is only found making up the heart. These cells are unique because they have special structures called intercalated discs that allow for involuntary synchronous contraction of the muscle. This is possible because the discs ensure that the nerve impulses spread quickly through the muscle cells and in a particular sequence. This is important because the heart has to contract in a set rhythm.

Why Muscle Mass and Strength are Important

Muscle mass is important, not only for movement but for many functions in the body that rely on muscular contractions. Having strong muscles is more than about appearance, it is closely linked to health.

Cardiac and Smooth Muscle

The heart is mostly made of muscle tissue with this layer called the myocardium. Having healthy heart muscle is essential so that your heart is able to contract and squeeze blood out into the vessels that carry it around the body. The heart is a muscular pump that keeps all the organs of the body functioning by supplying them with oxygen-rich blood loaded with nutrients.

Organs lined with smooth muscles, such as the stomach and intestines would not function without this tissue. The contraction of muscles is what propels our food along and through the gut. Even the gallbladder has a smooth muscle layer to allow it to contract to squirt bile into the intestines when fat is present.

Skeletal Muscle

Skeletal muscle mass is crucial because it not only allows us to move our body but also protects the joints of the body.

As the body ages, lean muscle is lost, which is another reason why it is paramount that a person continues to keep their muscles strong to prevent the risk of too much muscle loss over the years.

Weak muscles may also increase the odds of back pain and poor posture, particularly as you age. It also may lead to poor balance and instability; this can make dangerous falls more likely in old age.

Having strong core muscles is important because these are involved in supporting the back and are involved in many daily movements of the torso and limbs.

Strengthening muscles is important and also has the benefit of increasing your endurance and overall fitness level

Exercise can help reduce the likelihood of developing any musculoskeletal disorders.

Exercise to strengthen muscles can also help build strong bones and reduce the risk of osteoporosis later in life.

Osteoarthritis is a condition more common in old age but exercising your muscles helps the joints to stay flexible and may help alleviate some discomfort and slow the progression of this illness.

Which Muscles we Use for Everyday Tasks

Below are listed only some of the many skeletal muscles that are used each day as we go about our daily lives. These muscles all attach to bone by connective tissue called tendons.

Head and Chest Muscles

Eye muscles: There are 6 eye muscles that anchor the eyeball and that move our eyes to look around.

Masseter and pterygoids: Muscles of the jaw enable the mouth to open and the jaw to move up and down, and side to side for biting and chewing.

Intercostals and diaphragm: Without these muscles, we would not be able to breathe. The intercostals are on the rib bones and the diaphragm is a sheet of muscle found between the thorax and abdomen. These muscles contract and relax to allow us to draw air into our lungs.

Pectoralis and trapezius: The pectoralis is the big chest muscle that allows sideways and rotational movement of the arms. The trapezius is a triangle-shaped muscle on your back that helps you move the neck, head, and arms.

Neck muscles

Levator scapulae: The name roughly means "lift scapula" and it is what allows us to lift our shoulder blades (scapulae) as we move our arms backward. This muscle is joined between the back of the scapulae and the backbone.

Sternocleidomastoid: This is a thick band of muscle found attaching the collarbone and breastbone to the side of the head. It supports the head and also is in action whenever you move your head.

Suboccipitals: These are a group of small muscles that join the head to the first few bones of the vertebral column. It keeps your head attached and they help you move your head up and down and also in rotating your head.

Core Muscles
These are the muscles found between the thorax and the pelvis.

Rectus abdominis: This is colloquially known as the abs, the outermost layer of muscles of the abdomen. These help with overall posture and support of the pelvis and help the body to bend over.

External and internal oblique muscles: These are the middle layer of abdominal muscles. You use these when you bend over or twist your body to the side. Activities we do each day include bending the body to pick something up or moving sideways to reach for an object on the side.

Transverse abdominis: These are the innermost abdominal muscles that provide more support and stability to the abdomen and covers the connective tissue surrounding the internal abdominal organs. It plays a role in allowing you to bend and move your body sideways.

Latissimus dorsi: This muscle wraps around the middle and lower back. It functions to stabilize the back and helps when you move your shoulders. Any time you open a door or lift a heavy item off the floor, this muscle is in action.

Erector spinae: These muscles attach to the back of the skull, and the backbone and run down to the sacrum (a part of the pelvic girdle). They enable you to flex your back and twist sideways. These muscles are crucial in supporting your neck and spine. Strengthening these muscles is important in helping support your back and reducing back pain.

Arm, Leg, and Buttocks Muscles

Biceps and triceps: These are muscles on our upper arms that contract and relax allowing our arms to extend and flex. They help us to open doors, pick up and carry objects.

Quadriceps: This is a group of four muscles on the thigh that help you stand up from a sitting position and walk from place to place. They are in use when you get out of your car or walk around the shop. When you climb stairs, these muscles are also involved.

Hamstrings: These are the muscles at the back of the leg on the upper part. They help with many movements including climbing stairs and bending the knees when you squat down.

Gastrocnemius and soleus: The calf muscles of the leg are what allow you to stand up and that provide support for the ankle.

Gluteus: These are often called glutes and are actually the muscles found on the buttocks. They are important in allowing you to extend your thigh and allow flexion of the trunk. They are in action when a person bends over to pick up an object or a small child.

Muscles on the hands: Too numerous to mention, the muscles making up the palm of the hand and the wrist allow for fine motor movements. Objects can be gripped, picked up, and held thanks to our muscles and joints.

Muscles of the feet: These provide support and stability when you stand, and enable the toes to move.

Signs of Muscle Weakness

One of the first signs of weak muscles is struggling to do some of your normal daily activities.

Lifting objects and standing up from a chair may be take more effort than usual.

You might find you feel tired more quickly and need to rest more than usual after any type of physical activity.

Muscles may feel sore after moderate activity, a further sign that you have lost muscle strength.

A further sign of muscle weakness is a loss of endurance.

You may not be able to walk or run as far as you used to without having to stop and rest and your muscles will feel tired.

Causes of Muscle Weakness and Atrophy

The signs of muscle weakness can be from a lack of exercise but can also be signs of debilitating and serious illnesses like multiple sclerosis, , or fibromyalgia, so if you are concerned you should see your doctor.

Temporary weakness and pain in the muscles can be due to viral and bacterial infections but if the problem does not improve after you have recovered you should consult a doctor.

Muscle weakness can be a result of having lost muscle tissue. Muscle loss (atrophy) is also known as Sarcopenia and it can occur due to illness but is common in people over age 60 and accelerates after age 75. This is a natural part of aging that happens because the body does not respond as well to hormones and often people are less active when they are older.

While it is common to lose muscle mass as we age, much can be done to help maintain muscle mass. A combination of strength and resistance exercises is helpful in building muscle and increasing fitness levels.

Exercises for Strengthening Muscles

Physical activity is important in keeping the body healthy but a person should always check with a doctor first before beginning any exercise program.

Joining a gym may be a good idea if you are serious about getting into shape. However if you have never worked out before, it could increase your risk of injury to train without supervision, it might be a good idea to invest in a personal trainer to get started. Some of the following exercises are examples of ways to start building muscle mass.

Quadriceps extensions and hamstring curls: These exercises work for both sets of muscles and are done using different gym equipment. You can also sit in a chair at home and use a large ball to exercise these muscle groups in a similar way.

Weight lifting/resistance training: You can lift weights at the gym or start small by buying your own set of dumbbells to lift at home. If you plan to lift heavy weights it may be safest to do so at a gym with a trainer who can give you guidance on how to exercise safely.

Push-ups and sit-ups: No special equipment is needed to do push-ups and sit-ups, so this can be done at home every day to help strengthen the core muscles of the body. This is important because the core is responsible for supporting your internal organs and your backbone. It also allows you to bend over and lift objects and move sideways. The push-ups and sit-ups will also help flatten the stomach and strengthen the arms.

Squats and lunges: Squats help to strengthen and condition your legs, while also exercising muscles of the back and abdomen. Lunges are good for building big leg muscles.

Resistance bands. These bands can be helpful in building strong muscles throughout the body, including the core. They are a low-cost option and can be carried with you from place to place, making it easier to exercise.

Conclusion

Maintaining muscle mass and strength is important, particularly since muscle loss occurs with age. It is important to keep all our muscles healthy including our heart muscle, smooth muscle, and skeletal muscles so that we can continue with our everyday activities and remain healthy throughout our lifespan.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Rae Osborn has a Ph.D. in Biology from the University of Texas at Arlington. She was a tenured Associate Professor of Biology at Northwestern State University where she taught many courses for Pre-nursing and Pre-medical students. She has written extensively on medical conditions and healthy lifestyle topics, including nutrition. She is from South Africa but lived and taught in the United States for 18 years.
Sources:

Cleveland clinic (2022). Should you try resistance bands for strength training? https://health.clevelandclinic.org/should-you-try-resistance-bands-for-strength-training/

Crompton, R.H. (2022). Human muscle system. https://www.britannica.com/science/human-muscle-system

Dunkin, M.A. (2022). Sarcopenia with aging. https://www.webmd.com/healthy-aging/guide/sarcopenia-with-aging

Gordon, B.J. et al. (2022). Anatomy and Physiology. Open Stax, Rice University. https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology/pages/10-1-overview-of-muscle-tissues

Lieberman, D. E., Raichlen, D. A., Pontzer, H., Bramble, D. M., & Cutright-Smith, E. (2006). The human gluteus maximus and its role in running. Journal of Experimental Biology, 209(11), 2143-2155. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16709916/

Sarnataro, B.R. (2006). The Basics: Build Muscle for Better Health. https://www.webmd.com/fitness-exercise/features/the-basics-build-muscle-for-better-health

Tran, D. B., Weber, C., & Lopez, R. A. (2020). Anatomy, thorax, heart muscles. In StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545195/#

Wood, B. (2022). Human Muscle System. https://www.britannica.com/science/human-muscle-system

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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why muscle mass and strength are important in everyday life

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WHY MUSCLE MASS AND STRENGTH ARE IMPORTANT IN EVERYDAY LIFE

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Strength training and achieving a lean body mass are important in everyday life. Click to learn about the different types of muscle tissues, signs of muscle weakness, muscle strengthening exercises, and more.

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HOW DO TRIGGER POINT INJECTIONS WORK? - MYA CARE

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HOW DO TRIGGER POINT INJECTIONS WORK? - MYA CARE

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An array of factors can cause muscle pain or myalgia. From sleeping in the wrong position to injury, infections, diseases, or the aftermath of an intense workout session, many things can trigger these aches.

Muscle pain can be short-term and frequently resolve after a few days of rest and recovery. However, some kinds of pain are chronic and have a significant impact on the quality of life and the ability to function. These kinds of pain may require medical treatment.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/how-do-trigger-point-injections-work

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CALORIC RESTRICTION AND LONGEVITY: HOW LESS EQUALS MORE OVER A LIFETIME - MYA CARE

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CALORIC RESTRICTION AND LONGEVITY: HOW LESS EQUALS MORE OVER A LIFETIME - MYA CARE

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Caloric restriction has been recently touted as one of the biggest anti-aging secrets behind living for over 100 years. Reflective of the wisdom that ‘less is more’, the long-term benefits of consuming fewer calories appear to speak for themselves.

In this article, current knowledge on caloric restriction is discussed in the context of aging, health, and well-being. Its effects on metabolism are briefly discussed, followed by benefits, types, and safety, as well as tips on best practices for practicing caloric restriction.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/caloric-restriction-and-longevity-how-less-equals-more-over-a-lifetime

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Hemorrhoids are dilated and engorged veins that develop in the anus. Symptoms of hemorrhoids are anal itching, pain, bleeding, and they might make it difficult for you to sit comfortably.

Doctors classify hemorrhoids into external and external hemorrhoids depending on their exact location in the anus. External hemorrhoids are the kind that’s more likely to produce annoying symptoms.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/what-are-hemorrhoids

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WHAT OLDER PATIENTS SHOULD KNOW ABOUT BLOOD TEST RESULTS - MYA CARE

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WHAT OLDER PATIENTS SHOULD KNOW ABOUT BLOOD TEST RESULTS - MYA CARE

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Regular health check-ups are crucial at every stage of life, yet they become even more vital as we age. Blood tests are key features of these annual check-ups, being a powerful tool for assessing overall health status. Valuable insights gleaned from blood test results help healthcare professionals detect potential issues early and tailor treatment plans accordingly.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/what-older-patients-should-know-about-blood-test-results

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DENTAL CARE IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS - MYA CARE

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DENTAL CARE IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS - MYA CARE

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Management of children with special needs could be a challenging affair for parents. About 13.6 million children in the US have special care needs, according to the National Survey of Children’s Health in 2017-2018. These children may have any form of physical, mental, behavioral, cognitive, or emotional impairments that require medical management. They usually have difficulties in performing daily activities including oral hygiene rituals.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/dental-care-in-children-with-special-needs

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DENTAL CARE IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

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DENTAL CARE IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

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Management of children with special needs could be a challenging affair for parents. About 13.6 million children in the US have special care needs, according to the National Survey of Children’s Health in 2017-2018. These children may have any form of physical, mental, behavioral, cognitive, or emotional impairments that require medical management.

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Management of children with special needs could be a challenging affair for parents. About 13.6 million children in the US have special care needs, according to the National Survey of Children's Health in 2017-2018. These children may have any form of physical, mental, behavioral, cognitive, or emotional impairments that require medical management. They usually have difficulties in performing daily activities including oral hygiene rituals. Dental care in such children is also neglected by parents due to lack of awareness, over-caring nature, or greater focus on more-urgent medical needs. These factors increase the risk of developing oral diseases throughout the child's lifetime.

If you are a parent of a special needs child, here are some of the things that you could consider for your child's dental care.

What are the most common disorders in children with special needs?

The dental status in children with special needs is related to their disabilities. These children are at increased risk of oral diseases during their lifetime. Below are common disorders observed in children with special needs:

Congenital disorders such as Down syndrome, congenital heart disease

Cognitive disorders such as intellectual disability

What are the barriers to dental care in children with special needs?

Dental care in children with special needs is often ignored by dentists and parents. Below are some of the barriers to dental care in these children:

A larger need for urgent medical care decreases the priority toward oral health

Difficulty to find specialized dentists who are adequately trained to treat such children

Limited understanding of parents regarding the importance of oral health

Uncooperative behavior of children due to disabilities

High cost of dental treatments

Inadequate availability of resources to deliver dental care to children with special needs

What are commonly observed oral diseases in children with special needs?

Below are some of the oral problems in children with special needs that parents should be familiar with:

Enamel hypoplasia: Enamel hypoplasia is a condition with the presence of a thin or no enamel on tooth surface (especially in the molar or upper front teeth). In this condition, teeth are characterized by white spots or yellow to brown stains, pits, grooves, and chipped enamel. Children with genetic syndromes, developmental defects, or low birth weight are at increased risk of developing enamel hypoplasia.

Dental defects: Children with special needs are prone to defects in the teeth during developmental stages. This results in variation in the size, shape, number of teeth present, or the arch form. Some children, especially with Down syndrome or other genetic disorders, may experience delayed eruption of teeth. These variations hinder aesthetics and functions in children.

Misaligned teeth: Misaligned or crowded teeth are common in children with mental disorders, cerebral palsy (abnormal muscle tone), or other craniofacial defects. Lack of harmony between the extraoral and intraoral muscle systems affect the relationship between upper and lower jaws. This results in crowded teeth, open bite (inability of upper and lower teeth to touch each other), crossbite (upper teeth fit inside the lower teeth), or spacing between teeth.

Gum diseases: Gum diseases are common in children with special needs. This is due to poor oral hygiene or the presence of misaligned teeth which limit the ability to brush teeth properly. Most children with special needs take medications to treat seizures which have a side effect that involves overgrowth of gums. Enlarged gums result in gingivitis (inflammation of gums), difficulty in chewing food, and aesthetic concerns.

Tooth decay: Children with misaligned teeth or with enamel hypoplasia are more prone to tooth decay. Limited dexterity in these children affects their ability to brush their teeth. Unhealthy eating habits (especially sugar-rich snacking) and dryness of the mouth due to medications increase the risk of decay.

How to improve dental health in children with special needs?

Dental health in children with special needs can be improved by adopting preventive measures and by regularly visiting a pediatric dentist.
Preventive measures:
Below are some of the preventive measures that parents can consider:

Wipe special need infant's gums with a damped cloth or gauze from the third month of birth

Avoid leaving a sleeping child with a bottle of milk to reduce the risk of developing early childhood decays

Clean the baby's teeth with a soft toothbrush with a small head

Once teeth begin to erupt in the mouth, brush the child's teeth twice daily using a pea-sized portion of toothpaste

Use fluoridated toothpaste to reduce the incidence of cavities

Rinse the child's mouth after every meal or snacks

Check if the child can clean his/her own teeth. If not, help the child brush his/her teeth thoroughly

If a child is unable to hold a toothbrush properly, improve the grasp of the handle of a toothbrush with the help of tape or use specially-shaped brushes

Avoid transferring anything from one's mouth to a child's mouth as it may spread cavity-causing germs

Give a healthy and balanced diet to the child

Avoid giving junk foods or food rich in sugars (e.g., candy, sticky chocolates, soda) that increase the risk of decay

Visit a dentist for regular check-ups

Visit the dentist for treatment:
Below are some of the things that parents could consider before taking their children to a pediatric dentist for treatment:

Look for the dentist with additional training and specialized knowledge to treat and manage children with special needs

Evaluate if the dentist and the clinical staff are friendly and able to communicate with the child

Check if the clinic is well-equipped to manage any kind of medical emergencies

Choose an appointment with less waiting time, preferably an early morning appointment

Familiarize the child with the dental clinic settings in the first visit to ensure a positive experience during the treatment

To search for the best dentists in Germany, India, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Shilpy Bhandari is an experienced dental surgeon, with specialization in periodontics and implantology. She received her graduate and postgraduate education from Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences in India. Besides her private practice, she enjoys writing on medical topics. She is also interested in evidence-based academic writing and has published several articles in international journals.
References: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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dental care in children with special needs

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DENTAL CARE IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

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Dental care in children with special needs is often ignored by dentists and parents. Learn more about why it is important for children with special needs to go to the dentist regularly.

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HOW DO TRIGGER POINT INJECTIONS WORK? - MYA CARE

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HOW DO TRIGGER POINT INJECTIONS WORK? - MYA CARE

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An array of factors can cause muscle pain or myalgia. From sleeping in the wrong position to injury, infections, diseases, or the aftermath of an intense workout session, many things can trigger these aches.

Muscle pain can be short-term and frequently resolve after a few days of rest and recovery. However, some kinds of pain are chronic and have a significant impact on the quality of life and the ability to function. These kinds of pain may require medical treatment.

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An array of factors can cause muscle pain or myalgia. From sleeping in the wrong position to injury, infections, diseases, or the aftermath of an intense workout session, many things can trigger these aches.

Muscle pain can be short-term and frequently resolve after a few days of rest and recovery. However, some kinds of pain are chronic and have a significant impact on the quality of life and the ability to function. These kinds of pain may require medical treatment.

Many therapies help with chronic painful conditions. One such minimally invasive technique is trigger point injections.

Here we will talk about what are trigger point injections and why doctors use them. We will also see if you are a good candidate for it and what you should expect after the treatment. Then we will go on to answer some of your most frequently asked questions.

Let's start from the basics!

What are trigger point injections?

A trigger point injection (TPI) is a pain management procedure that is used to treat painful areas that contain trigger points.

These are highly sensitive knots of fibers in tight bands of muscles. The knotted fibers restrict blood flow to the muscles, and it keeps them tight and stiff, causing pain and a restricted range of motion. It also impacts the muscle's willingness to stretch or contract, making movements painful.

Trigger points may be due to:

Muscle tension.

Pinched spinal nerves.

Traumatic injury.

Muscle over-exertion.

Muscle spasms.

Inflamed or injured tendons or ligaments or muscle fascia.

Muscle inflammation.

Past surgery.

Muscle overuse, as a result of repetitive movements.

Poor posture.

The rhomboid and trapezius back muscles, located in the upper back and behind the shoulder areas, are common sites of trigger points. Sometimes you can feel these knots when you rub these muscles.

In addition to the upper spine, trigger points can also occur in the low back or less commonly in the extremities. The area is tender, and the pain radiates from the trigger point itself to an area around it when pushed.

A TPI can help soothe muscle pain, especially in areas like your neck, lower back, arms, and legs. They can even be utilized to ease pain resulting from fibromyalgia, myofascial pain, and tension headaches.

The technique involves the injection of medications directly into myofascial trigger points. Your doctor will determine the best type of medicine based on the severity and underlying cause of the pain. Usually, these are pain-relieving medications but are sometimes combined with a drug that controls the underlying inflammation.

Who can get trigger point injections?

Trigger point injections can help relieve chronic pain caused by musculoskeletal and nervous system disorders such as:

Fibromyalgia.

Myofascial pain syndrome.

Headaches.

Sciatica.

Temperomandibular pain.

Any other chronic condition that results in widespread pain.

Sleep abnormalities.

Distress.

Fatigue.

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (it involves chronic prostatitis, painful bladder syndrome, interstitial cystitis, other urinary tract symptoms, and sexual dysfunction)

Let's look at some of these in detail.

Fibromyalgia

This is a long-term condition that causes pain all over the body. It also causes increased sensitivity to pain, fatigue, sleep problems, and mental along with emotional distress.

The exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown, but it is believed that abnormal levels of certain chemicals in the brain, nerves, and spinal cord cause alterations in the way pain messages are carried around the body.

Myofascial pain syndrome

Myofascial pain syndrome (MFPS), is a chronic pain disorder involving tissues that surrounds muscle (Myo means muscle and fascial means fascia).

In MFPS, trigger points stimulate pain responses in unrelated parts of the body which is called referred pain. This could be due to repetitive motion, poor posture, psychological stress, or injury.

Headaches

Migraine and tension-type headaches can be triggered by points in the head, neck, and shoulders.

Research has found a significantly higher number of myofascial trigger points in people with migraine as compared to those without.

What medicine is used in a trigger point injection?

Your doctor will determine the medications to be used in a TPI.

These are usually either one or a combination of the following:

1. A local anesthetic (such as lidocaine or bupivacaine): To block the pain receptors in the muscles

2. A steroid (such as triamcinolone or dexamethasone): It controls the inflammation in the connective tissue and the muscles around the nerve.

3. Botox (Botulinum toxin A): This prevents muscle contraction and interferes with the nerve signaling pathways.

4. Saline

What to expect during and after trigger point injections?

The trigger point injection is performed in the health care professional's office. The exact technique varies but here is what you can generally expect.

Before the procedure

Before starting, your doctor will explain the risks and benefits of trigger point injections (we will discuss that below). You may even be asked to fill out a written consent before the procedure.

Depending upon the location of the trigger point, you may be instructed to either lie on the exam table on the stomach or sit. The skin overlying the area will be cleaned with an alcohol pad (or other skin cleansers such as betadine), resulting in a cooling sensation.

Sometimes healthcare providers may mark each trigger point with a retracted pen tip or a skin marker to act as a guide before starting the procedure.

Additionally, providers may use a numbing spray (containing ethyl chloride) to anesthetize the trigger points and to make the actual injection less painful.

During the procedure

During the procedure, your doctor will press on your muscle to locate the area where you have pain. They will then use a small needle to inject medications into the trigger point.

Providers will rhythmically continue needling the area by repeatedly inserting and retracting the needle without completely withdrawing the needle from the muscle.

If you have especially tense muscles, you may feel a crunching sensation when the doctor inserts the needle. This feeling usually subsides as the muscle relaxes.

When treating multiple points, the above steps will be repeated at each site. The procedure only takes around 10 to 15 minutes.

If you have an allergy to a certain drug, a dry needle technique (without the use of medications) will be performed.

After the procedure

Once the procedure is completed, a simple adhesive bandage may be used. Additionally, your doctor may stretch the muscle manually, applying a hot pack afterward.

If the area is painful after the injection, heat, ice, acetaminophen (Tylenol), or over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen (Advil) or naproxen sodium may be used.

If you have been given trigger point injections in your arm and legs, you will not be allowed to drive. Bring someone who can drive you home afterward.

You should avoid strenuous activity for the first few days until the muscle soreness persists. Once it subsides, begin with light stretching exercises that stretch your muscles.

You can follow this up with muscle-strengthening activities. When you can tolerate such exercises, you can gradually begin bicycling, jogging, swimming, jumping rope, tennis, etc.

How do trigger point injections work?

Trigger point injections may offer immediate benefits to people who have chronic muscle pain. Studies have shown that it can significantly improve the quality of life in people suffering from chronic pain.

Let's explore how TPI works and the scientific evidence that has studied its usefulness.

How does it work?

The anesthetic, anti-inflammatory drugs, and botox will allow your muscles to relax. The surrounding nerves, tissues, along with blood vessels begin to function freely again.

In the case of dry injections, the mechanism of action of trigger point injections is thought to be disruption of the trigger points by the mechanical effect of the needle.

What is the evidence?

In a 2019 study, researchers investigated the effects of TPI in people with pain in the abdominal muscles. Two years after the initial injections, participants reported a significant reduction in pain. There were no major complications noted.

The effects of saline and lignocaine TPI were compared in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome in a study from 2021. Researchers found that the latter showed significant improvements in pain scores, just 10 minutes after the procedure.

How long do trigger point injections last?

The effects of TPI usually begin within a few hours. Injections containing steroids may work within two weeks.

Some people may get relief from dry injections while others do not benefit from them.

Optimally, trigger points resolve after one injection, given that you avoid the trigger.

If your pain is chronic and recurrent ( those resulting from myofascial pain syndrome or fibromyalgia), injections need to be given frequently.

The frequency of trigger point injections also depends upon the medications being injected.

If a single anesthetic drug or a mixture is used, then the injections can be administered monthly, as an ongoing therapy.

When steroid is being used in TPI, they should be administered much less frequently because of the risk of tissue damage.

What if trigger point injections don't work?

If trigger point injections do not help relieve your chronic pain, your healthcare provider may recommend other treatments such as:

What are the drawbacks of trigger point injections?

Side effects of TPI

Some side effects associated with the procedure are:

Bleeding.

Pain (usually resolves by itself after a few days; more common in dry needling)

Temporary sore or numbness after treatment

An allergic reaction to the anesthetic medication.

Toxicity resulting from the anesthetic medication.

Infection.

Swelling due to the clotting of blood within the tissues

Injury to the blood vessels

Dent in the skin due to shrinkage of the fat underneath (only when steroids are used)

Risks of TPI

The risk of complications from a TPI is very low. Nevertheless, some infrequent ones that have been reported in various studies are:

Infection at the injection site

Muscle and nerve damage

Bruising

Fainting

Air enters the space between the lung and chest wall (Especially when the needle is injected into the neck and the chest) causing the lung to collapse.

Extreme and painless muscle weakness along with paralysis.

TPI done under the guidance of ultrasound imaging can help minimize the risk of developing a serious complication.

Who should not get a trigger point injection?

You should avoid trigger point injections if you have any one the following:

An ongoing infection at or over the site of the knots of muscle.

Pregnancy.

Taking blood-thinning medications.

An allergic reaction to local anesthetic medications previously.

If your doctor believes your trigger points are not safely accessible by a needle.

Severe fibromyalgia

You are needle-phobic and highly anxious about the procedure

Specific mental health conditions

Previously had a thick raised scar (keloid)

FAQS
Do trigger point injections hurt?
You may feel a stinging or burning sensation. The area may also feel a bit numb and sore for a few hours. Any discomfort is usually relieved by taking over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or by applying heat or ice.
How much do trigger point injections cost?
The cost of a trigger point injection depends on the practitioner you choose, your location, and the number of shots you receive per session. Without insurance, the cost can vary anywhere from $250 to $450 for just the injections alone. This does not cover any extra testing that may be necessary.
What type of doctors administer trigger point injections?
Trigger point injections are frequently administered by pain-management doctors, rheumatologists, physical medicine, and rehabilitation doctors. Sometimes family practice doctors, internists, neurologists, and generalists, may also perform the procedure.

Conclusion

Trigger point injections are potential treatment options for chronic pain such as fibromyalgia, myofascial pain syndrome, and headaches. They are generally considered to be safe and minimally invasive procedures.

The procedure involves the injection of a numbing drug, anti-inflammatory medications, botox, and saline into the trigger points that can help provide pain relief. If you suffer from long-term pain, consult a trained medical professional to see if the procedure is right for your condition.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
Resources:

Hammi C, Schroeder JD, Yeung B. Trigger Point Injection. [Updated 2021 Sep 13]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542196/

Robbins, Matthew S et al. "Trigger point injections for headache disorders: expert consensus methodology and narrative review." Headache vol. 54,9 (2014): 1441-59. doi:10.1111/head.12442

Tali, Danit et al. "Upper cervical mobility, posture and myofascial trigger points in subjects with episodic migraine: Case-control study." Journal of bodywork and movement therapies vol. 18,4 (2014): 569-75. doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2014.01.006

Heier, Cason et al. "Long-term Efficacy of Abdominal Wall Trigger Point Injections." South Dakota medicine : the journal of the South Dakota State Medical Association vol. 72,8 (2019): 361-366.

Tantanatip, Anuphan et al. "Comparison of the Effects of Physiologic Saline Interfascial and Lidocaine Trigger Point Injections in Treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial." Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation vol. 3,2 100119. 9 Mar. 2021, doi:10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100119

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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Highly sensitive knotted fibers in tight bands of muscles - trigger points - cause tightness, stiffness, pain, and restricted range of motion. A trigger point injection can alleviate pain in such cases. Click to learn about the conditions treated and much more.

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CALORIC RESTRICTION AND LONGEVITY: HOW LESS EQUALS MORE OVER A LIFETIME - MYA CARE

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CALORIC RESTRICTION AND LONGEVITY: HOW LESS EQUALS MORE OVER A LIFETIME - MYA CARE

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Caloric restriction has been recently touted as one of the biggest anti-aging secrets behind living for over 100 years. Reflective of the wisdom that ‘less is more’, the long-term benefits of consuming fewer calories appear to speak for themselves.

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Caloric restriction has been recently touted as one of the biggest anti-aging secrets behind living for over 100 years. Reflective of the wisdom that 'less is more', the long-term benefits of consuming fewer calories appear to speak for themselves.

In this article, current knowledge on caloric restriction is discussed in the context of aging, health, and well-being. Its effects on metabolism are briefly discussed, followed by benefits, types, and safety, as well as tips on best practices for practicing caloric restriction.

What is Caloric Restriction?

Caloric restriction refers to the practice of lowering dietary energy intake below prior energy requirements in the absence of malnutrition. The goal of caloric restriction is to lower the resting metabolic rate. Over time, it begins to shift the metabolism to a lower energy state, meaning that less energy is needed to sustain body functions during rest.

Metabolic Rate: The Secret Behind the Benefits of Caloric Restriction

Uncoupling Metabolic Rate and Overall Energy Expenditure. The amount of energy consumed overall is not the same as the resting metabolic rate. Resting or basal metabolic rate is used to measure the efficiency of energy production at any given point. If the resting metabolic rate is higher on average, more energy is used to perform any cellular functions, including during physical activity, digestion, and storage of energy substrates (i.e., fat accumulation). An elevated resting metabolic rate appears to be closely coupled with increased physiological stress (and mitochondrial oxidative stress), which has little to do with increasing one's energy output (activity levels). A chronically high resting metabolic rate is a sign of mitochondrial inefficiency, which typically lends itself to problematic energy production and utilization in the long run.

Factors Influencing RMR. Resting metabolic rate can be increased by many factors, including:

Elevated Protein Levels usually reflect an increase in the basal metabolic rate. Protein turnover is typically associated with an increase in oxidative stress, inflammation, cellular damage, and tissue recovery.

Chronic Stress and other types of physiological stress raise the basal metabolic rate and are typically associated with inflammation.

Genetics also play a role in affecting RMR due to coding various aspects of energy production capacity; such as the number of mitochondrial cytochrome c and cytochrome c oxidase enzymes, which correlate with metabolic rate. Organisms that live longer tend to have a lesser amount of these enzymes per cell (indicative of more efficient energy metabolism) than those with shorter lifespans.

Balanced Caloric Restriction Promotes Efficient Energy Production. Restricting calories lowers the supply of substrates for energy production, which eventually reduces the rate at which energy is produced and used at rest. A lower RMR in this context eventually promotes more efficient cellular energy production, which facilitates a better regulation of oxidative stress, lower free radical damage, and potentially, a slower aging process.

Reduced Calorie Intake Positively Redistributes Energy Expenditure. Caloric restriction promotes both a reduction in and a redistribution of energy expenditure. While overall energy requirements eventually reduce, less energy is also spent on digestion due to a lower intake of calories, which frees up more energy for physical activity.

12 Potential Health Benefits of Caloric Restriction

Caloric restriction has been studied in the context of historical food restriction, long-term trials, and animal studies, all of which have shown promising effects with respect to aging and metabolic health.

Potential benefits of restricting calorie intake include:

1. Longevity is the primary benefit of caloric restriction seen across studies, with all other benefits contributing to it as the main outcome. In animal studies, caloric restriction increased lifespan anywhere between 50 and 300%. In humans ranging between 20 and 65 years of age, caloric restriction has been observed to add an extra 1-5 years onto the lifespan, with earlier adoption associated with greater longevity. Epidemiological studies reveal that in populations that inadvertently practiced caloric restriction, there existed a higher number of centenarians and a lower prevalence of mortality attributed to age-related diseases. During periods of war, food restrictions (without malnourishment) placed on various countries showed better mortality rates with 30-34% reductions.

2. Anti-Aging Effects. Caloric restriction has been observed to help lessen symptoms associated with aging by lowering the metabolic rate ahead of time. This has been shown to improve mitochondrial efficiency, lower oxygen, and energy requirements, reduce oxidative damage and slow the accumulation of aged (senescent) cells. It also encourages autophagy, a longevity-associated process whereby faulty cell components degrade and are renewed. In aging and many disease states, optimal autophagy is impaired. In a long-term trial of 2 years, results revealed that caloric restriction could slow down biological aging by an average of just over 84%, according to a standard biological age calculation. Participants in the study were aged 21-50 years and reduced caloric intake by roughly 12% on average.

3. Weight Loss. Most participants across studies that restricted their caloric intake experienced gradual weight loss. Weight loss was more for overweight participants and those who practiced caloric restriction for longer periods of time. When investigated further, weight loss across caloric restriction interventions has been shown to be largely related to fat mass reductions.

4. Increased Mitochondrial Availability and Function. Reducing the rate of metabolism appears to reduce oxidative stress, enhance mitochondrial function and promote improved mitochondrial turnover and repair. In subjects performing 25% caloric restriction for six months, the mitochondrial DNA content of muscle tissue increased by 35% by comparison to controls. This was accompanied by greater levels of mitochondrial gene expression that helped regulate cell function and lower cell DNA damage. While the activity of mitochondrial enzymes involved in energy production remained unchanged, the results imply that energy production overall is enhanced as more mitochondria are employed to produce energy at a slower, more controlled pace. Subsequent research has linked an increased level of functional mitochondria with elevations in ATP synthesis and utilization in the absence of excessive oxidative stress.

5. Caloric Restriction Benefits Are Long-Lasting and Promote Overall Biologic Efficiency. In a two-year caloric restriction study conducted on eight individuals, benefits were maintained while on a diet (38-58% caloric restriction). It sustained for up to 6 months after the trial period post resuming an ordinary Western diet. Benefits included reductions in many biomarkers for health, including weight, blood glucose and insulin, blood pressure, white blood cell count, total cholesterol, cortisol, thyroid hormone, and several other hormones such as renin and androstenedione. All changes were reflective of improved health, and participants were able to sustain higher levels of physical and mental activity during the trial period.

6. Improved Immune Function. In another two-year trial observing the effects of caloric restriction, participants were noted to have improved thymus function by the end of the trial. During the course of aging, the thymus gland is known to atrophy which lowers the production of T lymphocytes and overall adaptive immune competence. In response to the 25% restriction of calories, the thymic gland of participants had grown over the trial, exhibiting reductions in fat mass and an increase in lymphocyte production. This was attributed to the inhibition of a specific gene (PLA2G7), which is known to encode a platelet-activating factor and may be associated with thymic aging. Caloric restriction has also been associated with lowering white blood cell counts in healthy individuals, which is consistent with reduced markers of inflammation and improved immune function. These results did not extend to active infections or the immune response to an allergy, revealing that restricting calorie intake does not seem to impair ordinary immune functioning. Some studies suggest that during an active infection, caloric restriction may reduce the immune response and is not advised.

7. Reduced Inflammation. Mitochondrial oxidative stress serves as a signal for many cellular processes to occur. If excessive, it typically serves as a sign of cellular damage which signals the immune system to respond through increasing inflammation levels. A lack of chronic inflammation has been associated with heightened longevity, observed in centenarians aged between 100 and 110. Caloric restriction is associated with a wide-scale reduction in various inflammatory markers, including age-associated TNFa. However, results are inconsistent across studies, and it has been suggested that the degree of benefit depends on the age and inflammatory profile of the individual, as well as how long they have been restricting caloric intake.

8. Stem Cell Abundance. Experimental trials indicate that caloric restriction may have positive effects on regeneration by promoting more abundant stem cell reserves. This is believed to be mediated through preserved DNA integrity, as well as reduced sensitivity of stem cell reserves to wounds, resulting in a larger stem cell pool and a better regenerative response in the long run.

9. Enhanced Metabolic Health. Caloric restriction promotes less consumption of foods that would spike blood glucose levels and has naturally been associated with improved glycemic control. In longer studies over the course of 1-2 years, caloric restriction has been shown to lower insulin, blood glucose levels, and vascular inflammation, as well as enhance insulin sensitivity. In addition, long-term caloric restriction has proven to enhance the cholesterol profiles of individuals by lowering total cholesterol and triglycerides, and regulating the LDL : HDL ratio. Fat stores inside cells as well as in fatty tissue (including in the liver) were shown to decrease through the course of restricting calorie intake. It appears that fat-burning processes become more efficient inside the cell, likely as a result of increased mitochondrial availability and function. As a result, more fat is used to produce more energy during periods of fasting, yet less oxidative stress and inflammation occur as a result.

10. Cardio Improvements. Naturally, improvements in metabolic health lend themselves to better overall cardiovascular health. Over and above these benefits, caloric restriction has been shown to promote better function in the left ventricle of the heart after one year in healthy older adults. This benefit was noted to be similar to that of exercise. In a two-year trial, similar results could be seen in those aged 27-42 years, with enhanced left ventricular elasticity comparable to younger healthy adults. Additionally, the participants presented with a reduced risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as reflected by a 40% reduction in lower carotid intima media thickness. Results from another study suggested that six months of caloric restriction may serve to lower the risk of contracting all-cause cardiovascular disease by up to 29% in 36 healthy volunteers.

11. Cognition. There are very few human studies that have taken a look at the cognitive effects of caloric restriction. However, it has been shown that caloric restriction is able to reduce the level of cortisol and other stress hormones, which would indirectly improve the amount of available BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and may therefore be able to improve cognition in stressed or aged individuals. These results are mirrored in the majority of animal studies, whereby caloric restriction has been shown to lessen markers associated with age-related cognitive decline, including reductions in stress hormones and white matter loss, as well as memory and learning improvements.

12. Disease Prevention Potential. Many states of disease have been linked to mitochondrial dysfunction over the last couple of decades. As caloric restriction can enhance mitochondrial viability and function, reduce low-grade oxidative stress and improve upon a wide range of metabolic markers, it may be a practical strategy for enhancing disease prevention. Human trials have predicted that caloric restriction can plausibly reduce the risk for obesity, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and type 2 diabetes. Preliminary research suggests that caloric restriction may be protective against neurodegenerative disorders and cognitive decline.

Different Ways of Achieving Caloric Restriction

Caloric Restriction can be achieved in several different ways:

Intermittent Fasting. Fasting is the practice of not eating at all for a limited period of time. In intermittent fasting, the participant decides to severely limit their food intake for structured periods of time, either for several hours of the day, alternating days in the week, or the month at large. This serves to reduce overall caloric intake throughout one's lifespan and is known to yield similar benefits. However, caloric restriction may pose more stable benefits, depending on how consistently fasting occurs and for how long.

Timing Meals for Optimal Metabolism. Time-restricted eating is a similar concept to that of intermittent fasting, yet it is often oriented towards aligning caloric intake with metabolic processes. Food consumed during the day contributes more to thermogenesis and daily activities than to the storage of energy substrates, whereas the opposite trend can be seen for food consumed in the late afternoon and evening. Eating during the day, therefore, contributes towards an improved energy balance, resulting in more efficient use of calories throughout the day and night.

Conventional Calorie-Restricted Diet. This method demands working out the average amount of calories one consumes per day and then calculating caloric equivalents that promote reductions of between 10% and 40%. For this to work optimally, one needs to be consuming a diet high in nutrients. Caloric reductions can often be achieved by switching highly processed foods (high in calories) for highly nutritious foods (low in calories).

Which Method is Best?

There does not seem to be a caloric restriction method that poses more benefit over another method. Thus, the best method depends on the needs of the individual.

Intermittent Fasting or Time-Restricted Eating Can Be Easier to Implement. Despite these findings, precise caloric restriction is often more difficult to implement safely than time-restricted eating or intermittent fasting. Most people are not prepared to measure their nutrient intake or count their calories, and the process is prone to miscalculation.

Long-Term Consistency Promotes Better Metabolic Stability. While the results are comparable across studies for different types of caloric restriction diets, consistency is vital for reaping the long-term benefits. In trials that lowered metabolic rate, it has been observed that participants often compensated behaviorally by engaging in less physical activity. After 1-2 years, the metabolism eventually stabilized, and participants were engaging in their usual activity levels while consuming fewer calories. Intermittent fasting and time-restricted eating are prone to similar metabolic fluctuations that can affect physical activity levels until sufficient time has passed for the metabolism to fully adjust.
Is Caloric Restriction Safe? Side Effects and Contraindications
Caloric restriction is generally regarded as safe if carried out in the absence of malnutrition. Caloric restriction ought to be undertaken in the context of a nutrient-dense diet containing adequate protein, fats, carbs, and micronutrients to sustain health and well-being.

What is Caloric Over-Restriction? It is not certain at what point restricting calories would lead to starvation, provided the diet still contained adequate nutrition. Human studies have only truly looked at caloric restriction diets that limit between 10% and <40% of caloric intake, which have all shown considerable long-term benefits. Animal studies suggest that caloric restriction over 40% demands nutrient deprivation and gives rise to ill health effects.

Other Safety Considerations. Physical activity levels should also be considered with regard to caloric restriction, as well as current calorie intake. A healthy diet plan is often low in calories, and may not require a further restriction of calories. Furthermore, regular moderate-intensity exercise also contributes to reducing calories, improving one's energy balance, and enhancing mitochondrial energy production. Individuals who engage in frequent physical activity and who consume a nutrient-dense diet likely already meet the baseline requirements of caloric restriction as a practice and are likely already receiving the benefit.

Side Effects. Without adequate nutrition, caloric restriction is not conducive to health and tends to promote starvation in the long run. Chronic over-restriction of calories and long-term starvation can result in the following side effects:

Hypoglycemia

Malnutrition and related symptoms

Energy deficits

Weakness and fatigue

Lower bone mineral density

Muscle wasting

Contraindications. Caloric restriction is not a recommended practice for any individuals with the following conditions:

Health Conditions which Exhibit Any of the Above Symptoms. These include advanced diabetes, chronic fatigue, osteoporosis, diseases of malnourishment, etc.

Pregnancy and Development. While there is a lack of human studies on caloric restriction in the context of pregnancy and development, animal trials suggest that it can limit the growth and development of offspring. This applied to offspring that were deprived of calories as well as to the offspring of mothers deprived during pregnancy.

Elderly. Due to concerns pertaining to frailty, bone mineral density loss, and muscle wastage, the elderly are advised to avoid practicing conventional caloric restriction. By contrast, intermittent fasting or alternate-day fasting appears to benefit elderly individuals in trials.

How to Practice Caloric Restriction Safely

The concept of caloric restriction can be applied in any of the above ways (intermittent fasting, time-restricted eating, or calorie counting and reduction). The conventional approach demands counting calories and limiting their intake without compromising adequate nutrition.

Conventional caloric restriction begins with either using a calorie calculator, or visiting a dietician or a nutritionist that can help to define one's current average caloric intake. This is based on age, height, weight, and physical activity levels. The average recommended caloric consumption for men is around 2500 per day and 2000 per day for women. Caloric restriction diets that show the best benefit typically opt for a 10-<40% reduction, which would equate to roughly 1550-2250 calories for men per day and 1250-1800 calories per day for women.
4 tips that may be useful when initiating conventional caloric restriction:

Seeing a Healthcare Professional has the added advantage of having someone present to guide the process and who can ensure your diet does not fall behind in essential nutrition while attempting to lower caloric intake.

Opting for a High-Fiber Whole Food Diet. A healthy balanced diet is still typically lower in calories than the average Western diet. Those consuming a diet high in processed foods can naturally lower their caloric intake by simply switching over to a nutrient-dense diet that emphasizes plant-based whole foods.

Zero Calorie Beverages. Water and unsweetened drinks tend to contribute negligibly towards calories consumed during the day. When making beverages, calorie intake can be lessened by opting for water, tea, or pure coffee without sugar, sweetener, or milk.

Reducing Portion Sizes is perhaps one of the most intuitive ways one can begin to restrict calories.

Using Other Methods. Time-restricted eating or intermittent fasting could be easier approaches than calorie counting.

Antioxidant Phytochemicals Promote Caloric Restriction and Longevity

Non-essential plant-based nutrients have been found to be responsible for the health-promoting benefits of whole foods. Many of their antioxidant effects were also shown to be comparable to various components of caloric restriction.

They are present throughout the diet, mainly in fruits, vegetables, legumes, herbs, spices, whole grains, nuts, and seeds. All antioxidant phytochemicals are typically consumed in tiny amounts, averaging a few hundred micrograms to several milligrams per day. While their quantities are minimal (and even less in processed foods), their collective dietary presence and benefit have been shown through epidemiological studies linked with optimal health, longevity, inflammation control, and a reduced risk of acquiring disease.

In animal and other studies, most of these plant-based nutrients failed to extend lifespan in short-term trials alone. However, their effects appear to enhance the longevity-promotion effects of caloric restriction, making them complementary. Diets rich in these compounds are also typical of nutrient-dense caloric restriction diets, suggesting that they may be key to restricting energy intake.

The complementary benefits of some of the better-studied phytochemicals are highlighted below:

Resveratrol is a well-studied polyphenol that has been shown to increase the effects of caloric restriction by reducing oxidative stress levels, and enhancing autophagy and cellular repair. In a small-scale study, high-dose resveratrol supplementation proved to increase biomarkers associated with longevity, enhance fat burning, improve energy production, and lower blood pressure in overweight individuals. Dietary sources include dark berries (grape skins, blueberries, bilberries, cranberries), cocoa, peanuts, and pistachios.

Catechins and Epicatechins. Catechins and epicatechins were shown to reduce DNA damage, cellular oxidation, and inflammation across in vitro and in vivo studies. Green tea extract is perhaps the best-studied source of these nutrients, containing high levels of epigallocatechin gallate alongside many other types of catechins and epicatechins. Studies show that green tea extracts help promote weight loss through increasing thermogenesis, enhance blood glucose control and help lessen markers associated with cardiometabolic disease risk. Other dietary sources of catechins and epicatechins include fruits high in other antioxidants (e.g., stone fruits, berries, apples and pears), and other herbal teas.

Hibiscus Tea. Preliminary trials show that hibiscus tea can gradually lower blood pressure markers in hypertense individuals and fat reserves in obese participants and those with fatty liver if regularly consumed over a period of 1-3 months or longer. Nutrients present in low quantities in hibiscus were found to inhibit cellular promoters of fat production and stimulate cell regenerative processes (autophagy).

Physical Activity as Complementary to Caloric Restriction

While it might seem counterintuitive, physical activity is a necessary component in balancing metabolism and promoting longevity. Physical activity appears to be one of the only factors capable of increasing energy expenditure, metabolic rate, and longevity. Caloric restriction in itself helps to reduce the energy expended during physical activity.

Exercise Consistency Better Enhances Caloric Restriction Benefit. A handful of studies show that the resting metabolic rate is slightly elevated after acute exercise due to changes in oxygen uptake. These effects do not appear to be carried forward with consistent, long-term exercise, wherein resting metabolic rate remains largely unaffected after engaging in physical activity. Other reviews mirror these results, revealing that regular exercise serves to negate the consequences of increasing free radical production, which can be problematic in the context of acute or exhaustive exercise.

Conclusion

While there is no ultimate cure for aging, it would seem that extending our mortality may be as simple as processing less on a daily basis. Restricting calories is able to lower the metabolic rate and significantly enhance energy production, with noticeable long-term benefits on health and the quality of aging. Unprocessed, plant-based whole foods and physical activity offer complementary benefits to that of caloric restriction through promoting optimal energy metabolism.

To search for the best Dietitian/Nutritionist in Croatia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Slovakia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and The USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
Sources: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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caloric restriction and longevity: how less equals more over a lifetime

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CALORIC RESTRICTION AND LONGEVITY: HOW LESS EQUALS MORE OVER A LIFETIME

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This article on caloric restriction explores the dietary practice in the context of aging, health, and well-being. Click to learn about its effects on metabolism, benefits, types, safety, and best practices for practicing caloric restriction.

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Hemorrhoids are dilated and engorged veins that develop in the anus. Symptoms of hemorrhoids are anal itching, pain, bleeding, and they might make it difficult for you to sit comfortably.

Doctors classify hemorrhoids into external and external hemorrhoids depending on their exact location in the anus. External hemorrhoids are the kind that’s more likely to produce annoying symptoms.

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Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins that develop in the anus. Click to read more about its symptoms, causes and treatment.

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WHAT OLDER PATIENTS SHOULD KNOW ABOUT BLOOD TEST RESULTS

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WHAT OLDER PATIENTS SHOULD KNOW ABOUT BLOOD TEST RESULTS

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Regular health check-ups are crucial at every stage of life, yet they become even more vital as we age. Blood tests are key features of these annual check-ups, being a powerful tool for assessing overall health status. Valuable insights gleaned from blood test results help healthcare professionals detect potential issues early and tailor treatment plans accordingly.

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Regular health check-ups are crucial at every stage of life, yet they become even more vital as we age. Blood tests are key features of these annual check-ups, being a powerful tool for assessing overall health status. Valuable insights gleaned from blood test results help healthcare professionals detect potential issues early and tailor treatment plans accordingly.

Interpreting blood test results for older patients is often challenging and requires a nuanced approach due to age-related changes in blood chemistry. Common examples include values for blood glucose, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and thyroid stimulating hormone, which are frequently observed to be higher in older individuals.

A few additional points to keep in mind:

The content provided in this article is for informational purposes and should not be used for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease. Always talk to your doctor about your blood test results. They can help you understand what the results mean and whether any further testing or treatment is needed.

The definition of an "older" patient depends on specific parameters and factors such as gender. Therefore, it is best to check with your doctor if this applies to you.

Be informed of the medications you are taking. Some medications can affect blood test results.

Let your doctor know about any underlying health conditions you have. These conditions can also affect blood test results.

Eat healthy and exercise regularly as appropriate for your age and health status. This can help to keep your blood test results within normal ranges.

Get regular blood tests, even if you feel healthy. This is the best way to detect any changes in your blood test results early.

In this guide, we will delve into the importance of regular blood tests, how to interpret the results, and unique considerations for older patients.

Why Blood Test Values Change As One Ages

Blood chemistry is known to change with age, impacting various parameters measured in routine blood tests. These are often normal signs, yet it is crucial to be aware of them to avoid unnecessary concern or oversight.

One of the main problems with interpreting elderly blood test results is that there are no true standard ranges for older individuals. Doctors often adjust the average ranges for healthy adults to compensate and instead pay more attention to abnormal results across the board.

Common age-related changes in blood test results include:

Hormonal fluctuations

Lower blood cell counts

Alterations in liver and kidney function

These changes typically arise due to declining reproductive hormones, a reduced metabolic rate, and a higher collection of aged cells. This leads to age-related metabolic and immune changes that can affect the blood test results and treatment of elderly individuals.

How Blood Test Results are Used to Reach a Diagnosis in the Elderly

It is important to note that unusual results do not necessarily confirm any diagnosis and could be the result of normal age-related fluctuations. A doctor is required to monitor an elderly patient for some time and take their entire history into account before they are able to reach a firm diagnosis.

Reasons a medical professional may be cautious when interpreting elderly blood test results include:

Multiple chronic conditions: Elderly patients are more likely to have multiple chronic conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis. These conditions can interact with each other and make it difficult to diagnose a new condition. For example, an overweight patient with heart disease may experience shortness of breath from either heart failure, pneumonia, or excess weight that impacts the respiratory tract.

Difficulty communicating symptoms: Seniors may have more difficulty communicating their symptoms or medical history than younger individuals. This may be due to cognitive impairment, hearing loss, or language barriers. It is important for doctors to take the time to listen carefully to elderly patients and ask clarifying questions.

Medications: Polypharmacy (taking multiple medications and supplements) is common among elderly patients. These can interact with one another, reduce their potencies, and cause side effects. Doctors need to be aware of all of the medications and supplements a patient is taking in order to make an accurate diagnosis.

Age-related body changes: The body undergoes many changes with age that can mimic symptoms or show up on test results and hinder diagnosis. These changes can also affect the way that seniors respond to treatment. Elderly patients often eat less, drink less fluids, and have lower hormone levels, which commonly promotes less muscle mass and more fat mass and affects the way medications are metabolized.

Blood Test Parameters Requiring Special Attention in Older Patients

Whenever a check-up is due, a skilled physician will likely listen to any current complaints a patient may have and assess their medical history to get a full understanding of their current state of health.

Once they have a good idea, they may order some blood tests to follow through. Here are some of the most common blood tests used to track health conditions in the elderly:

Complete blood count (CBC)

Basic metabolic panel (BMP)

Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate test (ESR test)

Thyroid function test

Each of these tests show standard deviations in older patients that are highlighted in the below blood test result charts alongside factors that can influence them.

Age-Related Changes in a Complete Blood Count

It is used in standard routine health check-ups to understand common symptoms like bruising, fatigue, and fever, as well as to assess patients at risk of anemia or follow-up on those being treated for cancer or cardiovascular conditions.

As shown above, the majority of results from a CBC show slightly lower values in elderly patients. In healthy patients, this is a sign of a lower metabolic rate, an aged immune system, and reduced food and fluid intake. Elderly bone marrow produces fewer red blood cells and immune cells, and both types naturally have a shorter lifespan.

Anemia. A lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, or red blood cell count is often misinterpreted as anemia. While anemia is more common amongst the elderly, it is not likely that a lower score on a CBC is a direct indication. To give an idea, studies show that the prevalence of anemia increases to 10% in those over 65 years and can be as much as 20% in those over 80. It is also often observed as a symptom at critical stages of other diseases, such as kidney disease, or transient after an infection or major surgery.

Medication Use. Since immunosuppressants and blood thinners are often prescribed to the elderly, white blood cell and platelet counts are mostly reported to be lower than the above averages. Those on corticosteroids, chemo drugs, painkillers, and other over-the-counter medications should double-check abnormally low test results with their doctor first before worrying.

Basic Metabolic Differences in the Elderly BMP

Most results in a metabolic panel will look the same between adults over and under 60 years of age, with blood glucose, creatinine, and BUN levels showing slight deviations in healthy seniors.

Glucose Variances. Due to age-related changes, it is possible to see higher variances in blood glucose levels that may deviate from the adult range. This is especially true of older women due to the abrupt hormonal decline seen in menopause, yet it tends to apply to elderly men over 70 as well. Diabetes may only be suspected if consistent unusual results are seen at check-ups coupled with other symptoms. Luckily, symptoms of diabetes are easy to distinguish from normal aging.

Sodium and Potassium. Seniors are often susceptible to fluctuations in blood levels of sodium and potassium, with low sodium (hyponatremia) and high potassium (hyperkalemia) being a relatively common scenario. These are often ascribed to hormonal changes that cause aged individuals to drink less and hold more water, causing blood sodium to become diluted. Reduced kidney function and various medications, including diuretics, may cause potassium levels to become further unbalanced (beyond sodium dilution).

Creatinine and BUN. Creatinine and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) are common indicators of kidney function that can be higher or lower in healthy seniors. It is usual for their levels to increase as one begins to age, as this correlates with slower kidney clearance of these protein waste products from the blood. This is also common after surgery. As one reaches advanced age, the levels may decline, which has been associated with age-related frailty and muscle loss.

Comprehensive Metabolic Panel and Elderly Liver Function

A comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) combines a BMP with a liver function test to give a deeper insight into overall metabolic health. A liver function test shows extra electrolytes, total blood proteins, bilirubin, and liver enzymes.

Most of the markers on an elderly CMP are similar to those seen in adults, with occasional fluctuations in protein and liver enzyme markers, as discussed below.

Albumin, a protein synthesized by the liver, is another vital marker. Reduced albumin and total protein levels may signify malnutrition or liver disease in younger patients. Declining albumin levels in the elderly are generally linked with:

Muscle loss

Inflammation due to infections and surgery

Age-related changes in liver or kidney function

Liver Enzymes. While usually insignificant, liver enzymes and bilirubin levels are known to gradually increase with age and may seem elevated when compared to a younger person's results. This is a healthy sign of aging and still usually falls far beneath the peak cut-off value for liver disease and related problems.

Testing for Age-Related Inflammatory Changes

Various markers are used to assess inflammation in those with arthritis or similar inflammatory conditions, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-Reactive Protein levels. In the elderly, these markers are often higher and are not necessarily a sign of disease, usually indicating age-related changes in immune function.

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) tests measure how rapidly red blood cells segregate from the rest of the serum when treated to prevent clotting. ESRs are known to increase by 0.22mm/hr every year from the age of 20 and are higher in women than in men. As a result, they can appear almost double in healthy elderly patients and are not recommended as a standalone test to assess inflammation. If exceedingly high, an older individual may be suffering from arthritis or another systemic inflammatory condition.

C-Reactive Protein in a blood test panel indicates the level of CRP in the blood. CRP is an acute-phase protein released by the liver in response to inflammatory events, such as infection and injury, to facilitate an optimal immune reaction. Elderly individuals and women may have higher general CRP levels. In the elderly, this has been associated with natural aging processes, such as cognitive decline, muscle loss and eventual frailty. CRP levels may only be a cause for concern when CRP levels reach the high end of the spectrum at over 9mg/L. This is associated with a high risk for developing age-related conditions, such as dementia, heart disease or arthritis. Further testing is required to rule out potential causes.

Senior Thyroid Function Tests

A thyroid function test monitors the thyroid hormone levels to determine the health of the thyroid glands and how it affects the body's general metabolism.

The Impact of Drug Interactions on Blood Test Results

Blood tests can be used to measure the levels of different medicines in the blood and can sometimes show if two medications are not working well together. This is because some medicines can cross-react, affecting the way in which each is metabolized as well as their blood levels. This can make one or both medicines less effective, or it can increase the risk of side effects.

There are two main types of drug interaction:

Pharmacodynamic interactions: These occur when two drugs have overlapping mechanisms, interacting with the same target in the body. This can result in either an increased or decreased effect of one or both drugs. For example, warfarin may be prescribed to thin the blood, and NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatories) may be prescribed to reduce pain. NSAIDs can increase the risk of bleeding for those on warfarin through overlapping anticoagulant properties that enhance warfarin's blood-thinning effects.

Pharmacokinetic interactions: These happen when one drug affects the way another drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, or excreted by the body. This makes one or both drugs less or more effective and can lead to side effects. For instance, the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone can interfere with the metabolism of statins and lead to muscle toxicity.

These two types of drug interactions frequently overlap with one another across a wide spectrum of medications. It is vital for doctors to take them into consideration when prescribing multiple medications to elderly patients or adding to a long prescription list.

If a patient is taking two medications that are known to interact, the doctor may use blood tests to monitor the levels of both medications. If the levels of one or both are outside of the normal range, this may be a sign of a drug interaction.

Your doctor will act accordingly to minimize drug-drug interactions. This may involve adjusting the dosage of one or both medicines, switching to different medicines, or avoiding the interaction altogether by asking you to take them several hours apart or cutting down on your prescription list.

It is important to note that not all drug interactions are serious. Some drug interactions are mild and only cause minor side effects. Other drug interactions can be more serious and can lead to hospitalization or even death. If symptoms persist after a prescription has been adjusted accordingly, the doctor may proceed to investigate with follow-up tests to check for signs of disease.

Conclusion

Regular blood tests are invaluable for monitoring the health of older patients. Understanding age-related changes is essential to prevent unnecessary concern. Certain parameters are known to change in the elderly that can mimic signs of disease, yet they are not necessarily a cause for concern. These include a lower blood cell count, higher blood waste products, reduced thyroid function, and increased overall bodily inflammation.

Medications, comorbidities, and frailty all pose challenges in interpreting elderly blood test results. This highlights the importance of consulting with a doctor, asking the right questions at appointments, and supplying them with accurate information regarding your medical history before they can arrive at an accurate diagnosis.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
Sources: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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what older patients should know about blood test results

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WHAT OLDER PATIENTS SHOULD KNOW ABOUT BLOOD TEST RESULTS

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Gain essential knowledge about interpreting blood test results in older adults, the significance of different markers, and their implications for health.

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STIFF PERSON SYNDROME - SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT - MYA CARE

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STIFF PERSON SYNDROME - SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT - MYA CARE

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Pop superstar Celine Dion’s recent announcement on Social Media of being diagnosed with Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) has drawn attention to this rare neurological disorder that affects about one in a million people.

What is Stiff Person Syndrome?

Stiff Person Syndrome is a rare neurological muscle disorder that affects the nerves, causing stiff muscles and body stiffness. Stiff Person Syndrome is also known as stiff man syndrome or Moersch-Woltman syndrome.

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STIFF PERSON SYNDROME - SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT | Mya Care

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A rare neurological muscle disorder impacting the nerves, Stiff Person Syndrome causes crippling pain, chronic anxiety, stiffness, and muscle spasms that can sometimes dislocate joints and even break bones. Click to learn about symptoms, causes, risk factors, and more.

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THE TRUTH ABOUT ELECTROLYTE DRINKS: DO YOU NEED THEM? - MYA CARE

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THE TRUTH ABOUT ELECTROLYTE DRINKS: DO YOU NEED THEM? - MYA CARE

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When it comes to maintaining proper hydration and overall health, electrolytes often take center stage. You have probably heard about electrolyte drinks before and why they might be important for post-workout recovery. Yet it is not clear how much you really need them to maintain peak fitness or whether they are required at all.

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When it comes to maintaining proper hydration and overall health, electrolytes often take center stage. You have probably heard about electrolyte drinks before and why they might be important for post-workout recovery. Yet it is not clear how much you really need them to maintain peak fitness or whether they are required at all.

In this article, we will dive deep into the world of electrolytes, exploring what they are, why they matter, and how you can get them naturally from your diet.

What Are Electrolytes?

Electrolytes, also known as ions or ionic particles, are minerals with an electric charge. These essential minerals include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, and bicarbonate. You can think of electrolytes as the body's electrical conductors. The charge they carry is used to perpetuate slight electrical currents between cells and tissues that guide the movement of fluids and enhance cellular signaling.

Why Are Electrolytes Important?

Electrolytes are required to ensure that all chemical reactions in the cell can take place, that water levels and pressure inside the cell are kept constant, and to enhance energy production and maintenance.

Some of the key functions electrolytes serve include:

1. Maintaining Hydration: Electrolytes help your body retain water and prevent excessive fluid loss through sweating, urination, and other processes. They are also required for the absorption of water from the digestive tract and the optimal recycling of cellular fluids.

2. Supporting Nerve and Muscle Function: Proper nerve impulses and muscle contractions rely on the presence of adequate electrolytes. This extends the importance of electrolytes to many bodily functions, including the heartbeat, digestion, bowel movements, physical coordination, and brain activity.

3. Balancing Blood Pressure: Sodium and potassium work together to regulate blood pressure, helping to keep it within a healthy range.

4. Ensuring pH Balance: Electrolytes help maintain the body's pH balance, which is crucial for overall health. If body pH is too low, it can cause increases in inflammation, stiffness, and pain, while if too high, it may interfere with the optimal functioning of many tissues.

5. Bone Mineralization: Calcium is famous for maintaining strong bones, which helps to keep muscles and the overall metabolism in check. Other electrolytes contribute to optimal bone density by regulating calcium levels and enhancing its functions.

Electrolyte imbalances eventually have a deleterious effect on all organs and tissues in the body. The first symptoms of electrolyte deficiency mainly pertain to dehydration and problems pertaining to electrical transmission in the body, including fatigue, muscle cramps, and edema or swelling. It may also cause an irregular heartbeat and nerve problems, such as tingling and numbness.

When Are Electrolyte Drinks Necessary?

Electrolyte drinks may be required when electrolytes become depleted, which can happen after intense physical activity, prolonged illness, severe dehydration, or extreme starvation.

We usually replenish our electrolytes on a daily basis through water and food. In some situations, electrolytes can be depleted faster than our usual dietary habits can cover, and this is where electrolyte drinks can be very useful. Yet, most of the time, electrolyte drinks are not necessary as most people do not often become severely dehydrated on a regular basis.

Benefits of Electrolyte Drinks

There are no true benefits of electrolyte drinks other than their ability to quickly correct electrolyte losses, especially after intense workouts, athleticism, illness, or severe dehydration. It should be noted that many sports electrolyte drinks do not appear to be any more hydrating than ordinary water. They make the most difference in cases of electrolyte deficiency.

Their necessity is often exaggerated amongst bodybuilders and exercise enthusiasts who swear by them to enhance performance. Unfortunately, having extra electrolytes does not enhance performance any more than having fully replenished electrolyte levels does. If you enjoy intense physical activity on a frequent basis, you may benefit more from electrolyte drinks every now and then when you notice symptoms.

Similarly, electrolyte drinks may be beneficial if one experiences symptoms of dehydration after a heatwave or severe infections that result in persistent fevers or muscle cramps.

Potential Risks and Considerations

Despite being fantastic for rehydration, electrolyte drinks can come with several disadvantages if consumed too often:

High Sugar Content. Many commercial electrolyte drinks contain high amounts of sugar or artificial sweeteners (which can sometimes be worse for health). Excessive sugar consumption can interfere with electrolyte absorption, lead to weight gain, and contribute to other health concerns. Opt for options with lower sugar content, or make your own at home.

Allergies or Sensitivities. Some people may have allergies or sensitivities to ingredients found in electrolyte drinks. Always read labels carefully, especially if you have dietary restrictions or allergies.

Misuse or Overconsumption. Like any supplement, misuse or overconsumption of electrolyte drinks can have adverse effects. Stick to recommended serving sizes and use them as intended.

Common Myths About Electrolyte Drinks

While electrolytes are essential, it is not certain that electrolyte drinks are. Before adding electrolyte drinks to your diet plan or workout routine, here are a few debunked myths about them that might change your approach.

Myth 1: You Can Only Get Electrolytes from Sports Drinks

One common misconception is that sports drinks are the only source of electrolytes. While it is true that these beverages often contain electrolytes, they are not your only option. In fact, drinking too many sugary sports drinks might harm your health, leading to tooth damage and ingesting too many calories.

Truth: You can obtain electrolytes from a variety of sources, including whole foods and healthier beverage choices. Opt for natural options like fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and dairy products to get your electrolyte fix, and leave electrolyte drinks for when you cannot replenish electrolytes naturally.

Myth 2: You Need Electrolyte Drinks Every Day

Many people believe that they need to consume electrolyte drinks daily to maintain their health. While these beverages have their place, they are not a daily necessity for most individuals, especially if you have a balanced diet.

Truth: Electrolyte drinks are beneficial in certain situations, such as intense physical activity or when you have lost fluids through sweating. For everyday hydration, water is usually sufficient, especially if your diet includes electrolyte-rich foods.

Myth 3: Electrolytes Are Only for Athletes

Another common myth is that electrolytes are exclusively for athletes or individuals engaged in rigorous physical activity. While athletes do have higher electrolyte needs due to increased sweat loss, electrolytes are essential for everyone, regardless of their activity level.

Truth: Electrolytes are vital for overall health, and their roles extend beyond exercise. They are essential for everyday bodily functions, so everyone should ensure they are getting an adequate supply.

Choosing the Right Electrolyte Drink

Studies suggest that electrolytes in water without any other additives are the most efficient way to hydrate, especially when depleted. However, many electrolyte drinks and other preparations have added sugars and flavor enhancers to them to improve their taste or other ingredients that give them different benefits.

When choosing the right electrolyte drink, it is best to understand what you need it for. If you want electrolytes every now and then to replenish yourself after an intensive workout, you may want to opt for one that is higher in other antioxidant vitamins and proteins to promote muscle building and recovery.

It may be best to avoid electrolyte drinks high in sugar as these can interfere with absorption and contribute to dehydration.

Are Electrolyte Drinks the Only Solution?

Electrolytes do not originate from sports drinks. They are found everywhere throughout the diet in almost all foods and water.

How to Get Electrolytes Naturally

The best sources are water and natural whole foods that do not cause irritation, and that support optimal digestion.

Here are some decent natural sources of electrolytes:

1. Fruits: Bananas, oranges, and avocados are rich in potassium, an essential electrolyte.

2. Leafy Greens: Swiss chard, spinach, and kale are excellent sources of magnesium and calcium.

3. Nuts and Seeds: Almonds, sunflower seeds, and peanuts contain magnesium and potassium.

4. Dairy Products: Milk, yogurt, and cheese are good sources of calcium and magnesium.

5. Coconut Water: This natural beverage is a great source of potassium and sodium and is often considered a healthier alternative to commercial sports drinks. However, while it performs similarly to sports electrolyte drinks, it is capable of causing stomach upset in some people.

6. Electrolyte-Rich Foods: Some foods, like pickles or olives, contain significant amounts of sodium and can be included in your diet in moderation.

7. Mineral-Rich Salts: Consider using mineral-rich salts like Himalayan pink salt or sea salt in your cooking instead of highly processed table salt.

You can often replenish your electrolytes after a workout or a hot day by creating a rounded selection of any of the above ingredients that include some of each of the 6 electrolytes. Some of the most effective options include making a green smoothie sweetened with fruit or consuming a brightly-colored, nutritionally complete salad with sufficient water.

Consulting a Healthcare Professional for Specific Needs

Individuals with specific medical issues, such as kidney problems or heart issues, often have electrolyte imbalances and complain of similar symptoms, such as muscle cramps and arrhythmias. If you have an underlying health condition, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before relying solely on electrolyte drinks to correct these symptoms. They can provide tailored guidance to help you improve your electrolyte profile or to treat other causes that may result in similar symptoms.

Conclusion

Electrolytes are undeniably vital for overall health, but you do not need to rely on sugary sports beverages or other electrolyte drinks to maintain the right balance. By incorporating electrolyte-rich foods into your diet and staying properly hydrated with water, you can support your body's essential functions naturally. While electrolyte drinks have their time and place, it is crucial to realize that they are not a daily requirement for most people. Prioritize a balanced diet, and your body will thank you with better health and well-being.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
Sources:

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the truth about electrolyte drinks: do you need them?

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THE TRUTH ABOUT ELECTROLYTE DRINKS: DO YOU NEED THEM?

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Are electrolyte drinks, widely consumed for post-workout recovery, necessary? Explore why electrolytes matter, common myths about electrolyte drinks, natural dietary sources of electrolytes, and more.

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DOES PLATELET-RICH PLASMA (PRP) THERAPY WORK? - MYA CARE

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DOES PLATELET-RICH PLASMA (PRP) THERAPY WORK? - MYA CARE

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The human body does wonders when it comes to healing itself. It has the ability to adjust and adapt using intrinsic mechanisms and functions whenever it faces a certain disease or malfunction.

During recent years, medicine has advanced tremendously, and doctors have found ways to control and amplify those abilities, thus accelerating the process of healing oneself. One of the major medical advances that promote tissue healing is called “platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy”.

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The human body does wonders when it comes to healing itself. It has the ability to adjust and adapt using intrinsic mechanisms and functions whenever it faces a certain disease or malfunction.

During recent years, medicine has advanced tremendously, and doctors have found ways to control and amplify those abilities, thus accelerating the process of healing oneself. One of the major medical advances that promote tissue healing is called "platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy".

Platelet-rich plasma is a biological product made from your plasma and a concentration of your platelets. The idea of PRP therapy goes back to the 1970s when doctors used it to transfuse patients who had low platelet counts. Bit by bit, PRP treatment became more widely available, and it was developed to treat more complex conditions. Today, PRP is used to treat musculoskeletal injuries in sports medicine, as well as in the field of dermatology.

What Is Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) therapy?

To better understand PRP therapy, you must first know what Platelet-rich plasma is made of. There are two main components in PRP

Plasma: The liquid fraction of your blood, mostly formed of water and proteins. It is the means through which your cells (i.e., red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) circulate within your vessels to reach all your organs.

Platelets: a type of blood cells that serve the main function of forming blood clots. Platelets are also essential for your body's healing functions.

To produce platelet-rich plasma, your blood will be first withdrawn and collected into a few plastic tubes. Next, the tubes will be put through a blood centrifuge machine to concentrate the platelets and remove unwanted cells and blood components. The resultant substance is the platelet-rich plasma.

Depending on the condition you're being treated for, the PRP will be directly injected into the site of injury or disease. The body reacts by producing growth factors that further enhance your natural repair and healing processes. In many instances, your doctor might use ultrasound imaging to guide their injections, especially when PRP therapy is being given for musculoskeletal disorders.

PRP therapy is used to promote tissue healing and treat disorders affecting muscles, ligaments, and tendinous structures. Lately, platelet-rich plasma is also being increasingly used in dermatology, particularly for tissue restoration, wound healing, getting rid of scars, revitalizing skin, and treating hair loss.

What conditions are treated by PRP injections?

As we previously discussed, the use of PRP therapy is becoming increasingly popular and is not limited anymore to one medical field. Here are some conditions that can be treated using platelet-rich plasma:

1. Thrombocytopenia: It is defined as an abnormally low platelet count, and it can result from many diseases. Given the high concentration of platelets in PRP injections, doctors first appreciated their value in the field of hematology, wherein they transfused thrombocytopenic patients with this platelet-rich product.

2. Surgeries: PRP therapy is being progressively utilized in cardiac, pediatric, urologic, and plastic surgeries. The rationale behind this is the excellent homeostatic and anti-inflammatory effects of platelet-rich plasma.

3. Musculoskeletal diseases and injuries: One of the major uses of PRP treatment is decreasing the pain associated with different musculoskeletal diseases, mainly chronic tendinosis (the degeneration of tendons from chronic overuse). This includes conditions like tennis or golfer's elbow, chronic patellar tendinosis, and Achilles tendinosis. Another condition that can be treated with PRP therapy is osteoarthritis, which is a disease that destroys your joints. Platelet-rich plasma therapy was also shown to augment the healing process after musculoskeletal injuries such as tendon rupture, rotator cuff tears, and joint injuries.

4. Dermatological conditions: The application of PRP therapy in cosmetics has caught the attention of many dermatologists. In fact, PRP injections were found to induce the proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, which are cells that play a key role in wound healing and tissue regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma also promotes the synthesis and deposition of collagen, in addition to the formation of blood vessels and adipose (fat) tissue, all of which are principal factors in cosmetics. This has allowed PRP therapy to play a role in reducing scars (e.g. post-surgical scars, burns, acne scars, etc.) and improving overall skin health.

5. Hair loss: The latest use of PRP therapy is in the form of hair injections to stop hair loss and restore hair growth. As of 2006, PRP therapy has been considered a revolutionary curative treatment for conditions that cause hair loss, namely androgenetic alopecia and alopecia areata.

How is the PRP procedure done?

Platelet-rich plasma therapy is performed in three simple steps:

1. Blood is withdrawn from one of your veins and stored in anticoagulated tubes to avoid blood clotting. The procedure requires only a small amount of your blood (60-100 ml)

2. The tubes are put into a centrifugation machine which separates different blood components and concentrates the platelets to obtain the platelet-rich plasma.

3. The obtained PRP is injected into the site of disease or injury, such as joints, tendons, or the scalp (for hair loss).

The procedure does not require any anesthesia, as it is neither invasive nor painful. It is similar to the process of blood donation and is not at all uncomfortable to the extent that you might require any sort of sedation. Nevertheless, local anesthesia might be sometimes applied to manage any mild discomfort in patients who don't tolerate needle injections well.

The whole procedure from blood collection to PRP injection takes around two hours and is done on an outpatient basis (i.e., in the clinic). You can go back to your normal life routine right after the platelet-rich therapy treatment, although, you might want to avoid any strenuous activities in the immediate 24 hours following your procedure.

How to prepare for PRP therapy?

Your doctor will clearly explain to you how you can prepare for your platelet-rich plasma therapy during your first office visit. You might be asked to do the following:

1 month before PRP injections, you need to stop steroid injections if you're on them

2-3 weeks before PRP injections, do not donate blood or plasma in order to have a sufficient amount for your procedure

1-2 weeks before PRP injections, stop blood-thinning agents and systemic steroids

3-4 days before PRP injections, stop anti-inflammatory drugs

On the day of PRP therapy, drink lots of water and have a nutritious breakfast

What to expect during recovery after PRP injections?

After a PRP injection, doctors advise that patients limit their activity and rest for the remaining part of the day. In the couple of days following your procedure, avoid any extensive use of the injected site, particularly when it comes to joints. Nevertheless, movement is highly encouraged as it promotes joint recovery by allowing further absorption of the platelet-rich plasma into the surrounding tissues.

During the first 3 days after your PRP injections, you might feel some pain at the site of injection. No need to worry, this means that your body is healing.

It is important to stay hydrated early after the procedure to help with the healing process.

Do not take any drugs after your treatment, unless clearly advised by your doctor. Many medications can impair healing and bring about several adverse effects, so always ask your physician before taking anything.

Avoid using ice or heat pads at the site of injection for the first 3 days after your PRP injection. Similarly, taking hot baths, going to a sauna, using tanning beds are all forbidden early after the procedure. You shouldn't shower in the immediate 24 hours after your PRP therapy.

After the third day, you can progressively step up your activities and go back to your exercise routine. At this point, if you felt any discomfort, you can apply ice to the treated area for around 20 minutes up to four times a day. You can also use anti-inflammatory agents in case of pain or discomfort.

During the first two weeks after your procedure, it is recommended that you keep away from alcohol, caffeine, and smoking

One month after your procedure, schedule a follow-up session with your doctor to ensure that things are going as they should and recovery is achieved.

When can you start seeing results after PRP therapy?

For musculoskeletal disorders, like joint injuries and tendinosis, PRP treatment might need a few weeks to start taking effect. As for hair loss treatment, you should start seeing results one month after your PRP injection. Still, it might take up to 3-4 months to see the full results you are expecting. You might need up to 3 sessions (one month apart) to obtain the best results. This is largely due to your natural hair growth cycle

What are the possible side effects of PRP therapy?

PRP therapy comes in the form of injections and thus carries a small risk of side effects. Since the injected product is autologous (i.e., obtained from your own body), the risk of having an allergic reaction is extremely low. The adverse effects of this treatment are particularly due to the injection itself, rather than to the PRP product. These can include:

Local Infection

Nerve injury

Tissue injury

Pain at the injection site

Your doctor will discuss the probable side effects with you and will guide you through the steps taken to avoid them.

How much does PRP therapy cost?

The price of PRP therapy can vary a lot and it mostly depends on the condition being treated. PRP treatment for hair loss is a bit more expensive than those used for musculoskeletal pain. However, all in all, PRP therapy is affordable when considering how beneficial it is. Costs are mainly paid out of one's own pocket, as only a few insurance companies cover the costs of PRP injections at the moment.

What does the future of PRP therapy hold?

The use of PRP injections is being broadly researched as it has shown strong healing potential in many musculoskeletal problems as well as dermatological conditions. Platelet-rich plasma currently offers encouraging results and is expected to ultimately guide the development of exceptional therapies.

Meanwhile, healthy amounts of caution should be taken until dyed-in-the-wool clinical evidence is ascertained. Ongoing research is being conducted to investigate the most ideal techniques of preparation and use to ensure faster and more efficient healing.

To search for the best PRP Therapy healthcare providers in India, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, and the UK, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Mersad is a medical doctor, author, and editor based in Germany. He's managed to publish several research papers early in his career. He is passionate about spreading medical knowledge. Thus, he spends a big portion of his time writing educational articles for everyone to learn.
Sources:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5806188/

https://www.hss.edu/playbook/does-platelet-rich-plasma-prp-really-work/

https://www.prphairmd.com/blog/what-is-prp-who-is-it-for-steps-anesthesia-prp-therapy-procedure-in-nj/

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260149313_Are_Multiple_Platelet-Rich_Plasma_Injections_Useful_for_Treatment_of_Chronic_Patellar_Tendinopathy_in_Athletes_A_Prospective_Study/figures?lo=1&utm_source=google&utm_medium=organic

https://www.the-dermatologist.com/issue-content/incorporating-platelet-rich-plasma-hair-restoration-your-practice

https://www.osoc.com/tag/elbow.html

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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does platelet-rich plasma (prp) therapy work?

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DOES PLATELET-RICH PLASMA (PRP) THERAPY WORK?

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Does PRP therapy work? Platelet-rich plasma is a biological product made from your plasma and a concentration of your platelets. Click to learn more about how it works

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DEPRESSION AS A DISEASE OF MODERN-DAY LIVING - MYA CARE

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DEPRESSION AS A DISEASE OF MODERN-DAY LIVING - MYA CARE

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In the last several thousand years, humans developed better-structured civilizations that gave rise to vast improvements in building, agriculture, and convenience. With the exception of a few tribal cultures, societies began to change the environments in which they lived, giving rise to the metropolitan environments that we now occupy.

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In the last several thousand years, humans developed better-structured civilizations that gave rise to vast improvements in building, agriculture, and convenience. With the exception of a few tribal cultures, societies began to change the environments in which they lived, giving rise to the metropolitan environments that we now occupy.

Research is beginning to piece together the effects that the modern environment has on our biology. Some of these effects may serve to perpetuate states of disease in susceptible individuals. Depression may be considered a prime candidate.

As it is not always easy to tell what affects our health and well-being, remaining informed of environmental factors can be useful. Depression and its incidence in the context of modern-day living is discussed below.

A Brief Look at Depression

Depression may present with chronic sadness and/or irritability, but is ultimately associated with a deficit of feeling, a loss of interest, and physical symptoms such as fatigue and sleep disturbance.

The cognitive and neurological changes observed in depressive disorders impact the daily functioning of affected individuals. Depression may also increase the risk of disease due to its relationship with immune function.

Other symptoms of depression can include:

Loss of pleasure

Feelings of guilt

Lack of self-worth

Changes in appetite and weight

Suicidal ideation

Pathology

The pathology of depression has yet to be fully established. Common neurobiological factors include disruptions in serotonin signaling of the central nervous system and sometimes of other tissues, such as blood platelets. This is observed for all types of depression and is one of the reasons that serotonin reuptake inhibitors are often prescribed.

Norepinephrine and dopamine levels may be altered in states of severe depression, affecting attention, energy levels, motivation and perceived reward. Unbalanced glutamate, GABA and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels are also implicated in moderating cognitive ability in depressed people.

Damage to areas of the brain that regulate emotion can contribute towards chronic depression and anxiety as well. Thus neurological diseases, vascular lesions, brain ischemia and traumatic brain injury are known to substantially increase the risk for depression.

Sickness syndrome is another major risk factor in which serotonin alterations occur in the context of chronic infection. This can eventually give rise to faulty serotonin signaling in the nervous system and induce depression. This is particularly prominent in neurological infections.

Prevalence

In the 90s, depression rates nearly doubled, moving from 3.6% to just over 7%, where it currently remains. However, due to misconceptions (largely perpetuated by societal attitudes discussed below) the prevalence of depression is actually thought to be much higher in the population. It is estimated that as many as 60% of cases are unreported and left untreated.

Women are at a 1.5-3-fold higher risk for depression than men. Furthermore, the incidence of depression is three times higher in those aged 18 to 29 years, than in those aged 60 and older.

The elderly are known to have better emotional well-being than they did in their youth. Yet the incidence of depression is likely also commonly misdiagnosed in elderly individuals. Symptoms are experienced differently due to lifelong stress exposure and lived experience.

When Depression Was First Documented Historically: A Big Clue

The first cases of depression were documented in early settlements in which humans began to participate in agriculture. It is not that agriculture is a cause of depression, but it is that with agriculture, many lifestyle factors changed simultaneously. As humans were originally hunter-gatherers who lived while roaming a variety of terrains, the change induced by staying in one place to tend vegetables and livestock is substantial.

Another aspect of this change would be an ever-growing focus on wealth accumulation. Systems of commerce provide a platform for inequality as well as for both inadequate and excessive consumption. Alcohol, tobacco and other addictive substances that detract from health were likely to have only emerged after the invention of agriculture. When taken to the extreme, all of these factors may predispose individuals to depression.

Social Isolation as a Main Feature of Modern-Day Depression

Social isolation and depression tend to go hand-in-hand and enhance one another. Depressing thoughts can easily arise from alienation, and feeling depressed is strongly linked to retraction from social settings.

Modern-day societal perceptions, consumerism, technological advancements and media have contributed towards a reduced degree of social connection, which can increase the risk of social isolation.

The Negative Impact of Social Isolation on Health

Social isolation has a pronounced effect on mental health. The main symptoms induced by social isolation include:

Anxiety

Depression

Poor sleep quality

Physical inactivity

Prolonged social isolation can increase the risk of chronic fatigue, poor immune function, and mental health disorders, especially anxiety disorders. Chronic social isolation may also cause social anxiety disorder in susceptible people and can make the disorder worse in those who already have it.

In addition to mental health problems, social isolation can increase the risk of all-cause mortality. Chronic anxiety and stress can lead to metabolic problems, low-grade inflammation, and heart problems, which can elevate the risk of diabetes, heart disease, muscle wasting, and/or weight gain.

Social Isolation at an Early Age Affects Neural Development

Children and adolescents are particularly susceptible to the effects of social isolation, which may increase with stressful life events, social exclusion, bullying at school and a lack of social support from family, friends or caregivers.

Childhood social isolation is also linked to an increased risk of developing a substance abuse disorder later on in life, in tandem with chronic anxiety. Healthy socializing helps to regulate neurotransmitters that influence behavior, such as dopamine. Faulty noradrenergic signaling is linked to childhood isolation, persistent anxiety, and alcoholism.

Following on from this trend in children, rats undergoing social isolation proved that it affects brain areas that regulate fear, anxiety and aggression. Neuropeptides get released during social isolation that help to regulate these areas of the brain. Chronic isolation may result in unbalanced levels of these peptides, leading to persistent fear and heightened aggression.

It is natural for children to learn from stressful situations through fear-based conditioning. However, the fear generally abates as the child becomes an adult. This is referred to as fear inhibition. Childhood isolation has been shown to increase a lack of fear inhibition, which may lead to chronic anxiety later on in life.

Is There a Difference between Social Isolation and Perceived Loneliness?

This raises the question: is social isolation a purely subjective phenomenon? The realistic answer is no. Objective social isolation has been proven to negatively affect health and increase mortality risk. Subjective isolation can increase or induce the negative effects of objective isolation. The tendency for perceived isolation is heightened in depressed, stressed or anxious individuals and those with mental health conditions. One's approach to socializing, to others and to themselves, all appears to influence the impact of social isolation in a way unique to the individual.

Lockdown Measures and Social Isolation Risk

COVID-19-induced social isolation proved to increase depression scores by 12.8% and anxiety by 12.3% over a period of 6 weeks in 7127 UK citizens above the age of 50. The increased incidence rates seen for women were double that of men. Women were more susceptible to depression, while men were more susceptible to anxiety. Oddly, a small percentage of participants reported an improvement of symptoms in response to the lockdown, most of which were for anxiety (4.9%) and not depression (1.5%).

Rates of loneliness increased during the pandemic from 2-20%, in spite of having the option to communicate remotely with friends and family.

In men, digital social activity appears to promote more anxiety related to social isolation instead of providing relief. This suggests that digital social interactions are not equivalent to physical social interactions and that physical contact is important for avoiding depressive symptoms induced by social isolation.

The fraction of those that experienced symptom relief highlights how perception plays a large role in moderating the negative effects of social isolation. Perceived social connectedness and connection are invaluable for well-being..

The Benefits of Socializing May Be Quality and Dose-Dependent

There is a limited body of evidence that suggests that a person with less social roles participates in less social activity and is at a higher risk of disease. This proved to be true of cardiovascular disease, with disease risk in relation to social activity being more pertinent to men.

It also suggests that social contact has dose-dependent health effects, with too little increasing the risk of disease and social isolation. Too much social contact may have a negative impact on some individuals in terms of increasing perceived isolation; however, it is generally not associated with adverse health effects. This does not apply to unhealthy relationships, which are not conducive to well-being.

Relationship strain of this kind is linked with increased body inflammation, prolonged infection, and delayed wound healing. If left unresolved, it can get worse over time, increasing the risk of disease and subsequent mortality.

Peaceful conflict resolution is generally seen as a sign of a healthy relationship, as it serves to diminish perpetual emotional stress. Conflict resolution is not equitable to conflict avoidance, which often facilitates relationship strain and may promote unhealthy coping mechanisms, such as alcoholism.

Mental Health Platforms for Social Well-Being

Nobody should ever be completely alone. While digital socializing is not an actual replacement for in-person contact, it does help to alleviate many of the negative effects of total social isolation. Those that find themselves in total isolation can make use of online social platforms to reach out and get at least some form of contact.

Mental health platforms are available that offer social support with an emphasis on promoting optimal social integration in those prone to chronic isolation. Some of these platforms allow for the person to record their mood and other mental health symptoms in order to track progress, as well as including a medication schedule where applicable. Those with pre-existing health conditions are at a higher risk of being socially isolated and may benefit immensely from the support offered by such platforms.

Telehealth therapists are another option for those that require psychological input in order to expand and improve the quality of their social life. Mya Care can get you in touch with some of the world's top telehealth therapists.

7 Other Modern Lifestyle and Environmental Factors Associated with Depression

Already depressed and/or anxious individuals are susceptible to being socially isolated, as they may promote worry in others or push others away through their interpersonal social style.

Other factors pertinent to living a modern lifestyle have been associated with promoting depression and anxiety, contributing to the prevalence of social isolation and symptom exacerbation. The main ones are discussed below.

1. Excessive Consumerism May Promote Social Isolation

Consumerism has led to a society that values individuals over the whole. People are often told, subtly or otherwise, that money can buy happiness, even though this is not true.

Media, including social media, influences our thoughts and behaviors by promoting ideals about ourselves. Social culture plays a big role in what is considered popular, and advertising reinforces these trends. Ads often promote products or ideas as essential to our identity, whether individual or corporate. This has always been true to some extent, but the digital age has exposed us to advertising like never before.

Social media platforms are full of ads that tell us what is desirable. Many people now associate success with accumulating wealth and possessions. We aspire to be like celebrities and other wealthy icons. This is a big shift from the way humans used to think. Our ancestors were more religious, spiritual, and social, and less focused on material things. Eastern cultures and some religious groups are still less focused on individualistic consumerism.

Experts are concerned about the effects of this exposure on young minds. Ads can damage self-esteem and body image, and they can also perpetuate feelings of inequality. In vulnerable individuals, this can lead to mental health problems such as depression. Individualism has also been linked to difficulty forming relationships and selfish thinking, which can contribute to social isolation, loneliness, and depression.

2. Digital Social Activity, Family Connection and Relationship Quality

Family norms are changing in the modern world. Families are smaller, parents work longer hours, and family values are less emphasized. This can have a negative impact on children's social development, as they have less time to connect with their parents and peers.

Smaller families can have advantages, but they also mean more responsibilities. And even though there has been progress, in many parts of the world, women are still expected to manage the household and care for the elderly. A large family or a good social network can help to reduce the stress of these responsibilities and promote better well-being for the whole family.

3. Physical Inactivity

Humans have become less physically active since agriculture became widespread. Modernization has accelerated this trend, with many people spending their free time in sedentary activities such as watching television or using electronic devices.

Physical inactivity can have serious consequences for physical and mental health. Sitting for long periods of time increases mortality by up to 34%, interferes with blood sugar control, and can lead to weight gain and other health problems. Lack of exercise can also contribute to anxiety, tension, boredom, low sleep quality, and excessive eating.

All of these factors contribute to the risk of disease, particularly for respiratory, cardiovascular, neurologic and metabolic conditions. Children are at an increased risk of the negative consequences of physical inactivity, as they need physical activity for proper development.

Low physical activity levels are also linked to depression and social isolation. Physical inactivity can be both a symptom and a risk factor for these conditions.

4. Over-feeding and Undernutrition

Many people around the world suffer from nutritional deficiencies. This can be due to starvation, but it can also be caused by consuming unhealthy foods excessively. Mass-produced foods, although convenient, are often high in calories and low in essential nutrients..

Overeating and undernutrition can both lead to obesity and chronic low energy imbalance. This is especially true for people who are sedentary and tend to opt for convenience foods more often. The risk of disease is higher under these conditions, and depression is a common complication. Malnutrition can increase the risk of depression in all populations.

People who eat a healthy diet of nutritious whole foods have a 25-35% lower risk of developing depression. A healthy diet can also help to improve sleep quality, which is important for mental health.

5. Antibiotic Use, Chemicals and the Gut-Brain Axis

The gut microbiome is a currently underappreciated aspect of well-being. The trillions of bacteria residing in the gut contribute towards digestion and nutrient uptake. They also produce a wealth of essential nutrients and enzymes that would otherwise be lacking in a sterile digestive tract. Many of the nutrients produced by the microbiome play very important roles in maintaining the health of the brain and nervous system at large.

Modern life has led to an increase in the use of antibiotics, disinfectants, pesticides, and other chemical solutions, and a decrease in the use of probiotics. This, along with other factors, has contributed to a decline in the number of bacteria in our guts. This can lead to undernutrition, unbalanced metabolism, depression, anxiety, and illness. Western diets tend to be less diverse than non-Western and traditional .

6. Chronic Lifestyle Diseases

Despite advances in disease prevention, chronic lifestyle diseases have become more common in recent decades due to modern lifestyles. , cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and many other related conditions are now more prevalent. Chronic diseases can cause depression, and depression can make people more likely to develop chronic diseases.

7. Artificial Light, Night Shift Work and Modern Circadian Changes

A whole wing of our metabolism depends upon the day-night cycle that sets the body's circadian rhythm. Several hormones released in response to either light or dark cues are known as circadian hormones. These ensure that other cellular processes occur "on time."

Natural sunlight exposure during the day is a requirement for healthy circadian signaling, as is darkness exposure at night. In seasonal affective disorder, altered serotonin status is linked with circadian changes that occur as a result of less sunlight, which promotes depression in the colder, darker seasons.

Our sleep-wake cycle is one example of a bodily function that is regulated by circadian signaling. When circadian signaling is disrupted, sleep quality can decline and people may experience sleep disruptions and trouble falling asleep. Depression, mood swings, and anxiety can also cause or be caused by sleep disruption, which is linked to circadian signaling.

Civilization began to interfere with circadian signaling as soon as artificial light sources were invented. Electricity allowed people to have much brighter environments at night than was previously possible. The effects of bright light exposure at night are particularly evident in night shift workers, who are a well-known population at risk for circadian and sleep disruption.

In addition to room lighting, many electronic devices emit light, including digital screens, cell phones, televisions, and alarm clocks. The light emitted from these artificial sources is not the same as that from natural sources. Light intensity and spectrum can have different effects on health and circadian signaling. Some light spectrums are used in light therapy and can be beneficial for people with mood disorders, especially seasonal affective disorder.

Conclusion

Our bodies are better adapted to a natural environment. As generations pass, our biology is changing in response to modern living conditions. It is important to be aware of the effects of our living environment on our bodies and how modern lifestyle factors can affect us.

Many factors that are often overlooked can contribute to depression and detract from our overall well-being. Social isolation and loneliness are major risk factors, especially for young people. Diets low in nutrients, sedentary living, excessive screen time, exposure to chemicals, and poor social interactions can also promote depression and increase the risk of social isolation.

If you are struggling with these symptoms, try to promote your mental health by improving your diet. Getting enough natural light and exercising may also be helpful. It is also important to make an effort to connect with others, work on improving your relationships, and get adequate social support. If you are completely isolated, it is important to reach out for social help, which can be done through telehealth therapists and online mental health services. Psychotherapy can also be beneficial for those who struggle to maintain healthy relationships and can help to address the underlying causes of anxiety and depression in lonely individuals.

It is important to note that depression is a complex mental health condition that cannot be solely attributed to modern-day living and lifestyle factors. It is essential to consult with medical professionals for an accurate diagnosis and to seek appropriate treatment.

To search for Psychiatrists in Germany, Spain, The United States and more, use the Mya Care Search Engine.
Source: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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depression as a disease of modern-day living

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DEPRESSION AS A DISEASE OF MODERN-DAY LIVING

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It's not always easy to tell what affects our health and well-being, remaining informed of environmental factors can be useful. Depression and it's incidence in the context of modern day living is discussed in this article

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5 TYPES OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE THERAPY - MYA CARE

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5 TYPES OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE THERAPY - MYA CARE

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Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) are medical treatments that are considered out of the ordinary from traditional medicine in the West. The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health has reported that around 30% of Americans receive alternative treatments. CAM prioritizes not only the patient’s specific health issues but the entire body, mind, and well-being of the individual, including social factors.

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Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) are medical treatments that are considered out of the ordinary from traditional medicine in the West. The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health has reported that around 30% of Americans receive alternative treatments. CAM prioritizes not only the patient's specific health issues but the entire body, mind, and well-being of the individual, including social factors.

People have their reasons for choosing alternative medicine over the conventional. Perhaps they are open to new things and want more options, or they no longer trust conventional methodologies. Some could be following in the footsteps of their ancestors and believe their personal beliefs. Whatever the reason, CAM has its benefits, as well as the close attention of many in the scientific community who may not have much faith. Therefore, it is advised that patients do their research before diving in because of the expansive grey area surrounding these forms of healing.

Alternative Medicine Categories

There are five main categories within CAM: Alternative Medical Systems, Mind-body Techniques, Biologically Based Therapies, Energy Therapies, and Manipulative and Body-based Therapies. The alternative medical systems consist of Acupuncture, Homeopathy, Ayurveda, and more. Mind-body techniques include music therapy, meditation, Hypnotherapy, yoga, art therapy, and more. Biologically-based treatments involve diets, dietary supplements, herbals, and mega-vitamins. Energy therapies work with Qi Gong, Reiki, therapeutic touch, and Prana. Finally, manipulative and body-based therapies consist of chiropractic, acupressure, osteopathy, Trager approach, massage therapy, and more.

Acupuncture

The practice of acupuncture began thousands of years ago and is considered traditional Chinese medicine. Those that are involved with the practice believe that there exist more than a thousand acupuncture locations/points in the body that each sit on a meridian. A meridian is an energy channel that is a part of the body's Qi (life energy). When there is a disturbance with the flow of energy, then health problems arise and acupuncture is a treatment option to restore that flow. Extremely thin needles are inserted into these meridian points.

Scientists do not yet know much about acupuncture, but one theory is that it causes the body to release endorphins, which are natural pain-relieving chemicals. The most popular uses of acupuncture are anxiety, depression, migraines, arthritis, insomnia, addictions, nausea, and stress.

Ayurvedic Medicine (Ayurveda)

Ayurveda is one of the oldest holistic treatments that traces its origin back to India over 3000 years ago. It is believed that fighting diseases is counterproductive to the goal of promoting health through the mind, body, and soul. Ayurveda followers believe that everything in the Universe is connected and that every human is composed of space, water, fire, earth, and air. These elements form what is known as the three Doshas (life energies): Vata Dosha (space & air), Pitta dosha (fire & water), and Kapha dosha (water & earth). Ayurvedic practitioners believe that health is dependent on the balance of your doshas. This is similar to some alternative medicine in Thailand that involves energy and spiritual health.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic medicine is a German system that was created around 200 years ago. It follows two principles:

1. "Like cures like" - Diseases can be cured by a substance that causes similar symptoms in healthy people.

2. "Law of minimum dose" - The lower the dose, the more significant effect of the medicine.

Chiropractic

Chiropractors deal with the spine and its association with the nervous system. There are two main principles:

1. Misalignment or structural problems with the spine affects the nervous system.

2. Chiropractic sessions can help fix spinal issues, decrease pain and pressure on the tissue, and ultimately improve health overall.

Applied Kinesiology (AK)

Applied Kinesiology, also known as Muscle Testing, is an alternative treatment that diagnoses health issues based on other parts of the body. For example, a weak bicep would correlate to problems with the spleen. It is believed that every part of the body affects another in either a direct or indirect manner.

Finding a suitable alternative medicine practitioner can be a difficult task. Here are some points to consider.

Verifying credentials is a good idea for any healthcare provider. Check their education, training, licensing, certification, and other critical factors which vary as per the country and the discipline.

Make sure that they are willing to dispense coordinated care along with the regular healthcare service provider, as the communication and corporation will help administer more holistic care and treatment.

It is essential to inform all your health care providers about the alternative medicine approach so that they all can work together to strengthen your overall well-being.

Since not every insurance company covers the alternative medicine approach in their policies, you need to make sure that you choose that healthcare insurance provider who does. Furthermore, many such coverage providers will cover your alternative medicine expense but with specific terms and conditions.

To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

https://www.pacificcollege.edu/news/blog/2018/02/26/what-alternative-medicine

https://www.verywellhealth.com/acupuncture-health-uses-88407

https://www.webmd.com/balance/guide/ayurvedic-treatments#1

https://nccih.nih.gov/health/homeopathy

https://www.spine-health.com/treatment/chiropractic/what-a-chiropractor

https://www.healthline.com/health/muscle-testing

https://myacare.com/en/blog/ayurveda-tips

https://myacare.com/en/healthcare-provider/kathleen-o-hara-counselling-services-8

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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Do you want to know about the 5 types of alternative medicine therapy? If you do, then visit the Mya Care blog section and learn about the types of alternative medicine therapy.

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CHIN FILLERS VS. CHIN IMPLANTS - Mya Care

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CHIN FILLERS VS. CHIN IMPLANTS - Mya Care

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Many people experience the signs of common mood disorders such as anxiety and depression without realizing that unstable blood sugar could be the reason. This should not be surprising because glucose is the primary fuel for the brain.

A growing body of research points to a connection between mood and blood-sugar levels. It has been demonstrated that signs of poor sugar control closely resemble mental health issues such as irritability, anxiety, and worry.

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Two vital components of aesthetic appeal are symmetry and balance.

That applies to all physical features of the body. That's a rule, and the chin is no exception.

Harmony between the nose, cheeks, eyes, lips, forehead, jawline and chin is can create a balanced profile for an individual.

Chin and Beauty

In facial structure, the aesthetic role of the chin is to create a contrast between the face and the neck. A well-defined chin is a focal point that balances other facial features.

A well shaped chin can improve the facial profile. For example, when the chin is too small - the nose appears bigger.

Luckily, modern medicine offers several quality solutions for chin improvement. The two most popular ones are chin fillers and chin implants. The goal of both procedures is to add volume to the chin, but that's where most similarities end.

This article aims to help patients understand how these treatments can help them. We'll also elaborate on the pros, cons, and potential risks.

So, if you are thinking a chin implant or filler, but you're unsure about which procedure to pick, read on.

Overview

It is difficult to say which of the two procedures is better. That's because each individual has specific desires, needs, and limitations. For one patient, fillers may be a more suitable option. For another, it may be the opposite.

The vital difference between fillers and implants is in their invasiveness. Chin fillers are minimally invasive injectables, while chin implants are a surgical procedure.

There are other differences too. Most fillers produce non-permanent results, while implants are permanent. The costs of the two also differ, and so on.

When planning a chin augmentation procedure, there are many factors to consider. The best way is to understand all the pros and cons. So, let's take a more detailed look at both procedures.

Chin Implant Surgery

Chin implant procedure is a type of plastic surgery. The goal of the procedure is to add volume and restructure the chin. In some cases, a mix of chin augmentation, facial liposuction, and rhinoplasty is necessary.

Additionally, the procedure can help with skin deformities in the chin area and improve defects of various origins. However, aesthetic indications, such as a small chin, are most common.

Chin augmentation surgery, using implants, lasts a few hours. It requires local or general anesthesia, with the incision under the chin or inside the mouth.

The common materials for implants include:

Silicone

AllloDerm (Acellular Dermal Matrix)

Gore-Tex

Medpor

Common side effects include:

These occur due to incision-induced trauma. Bandages and stitches are necessary after surgery. Their removal usually takes place seven to ten days after the procedure.

The recovery process is not very complex. However, some downtime is necessary. Chewing is a challenge for the first few days of recovery. So, doctors will likely recommend a liquid diet for two or three days, followed by a soft diet for the same period.

It is essential to avoid sleeping on the chin, putting any pressure on the area, or exercising.

The results of chin augmentation are highly-satisfying and permanent. The procedure causes radical changes in facial proportion. However, it may take up to three months for the swelling to subside completely.
Pros

Chin augmentation balances facial features and improves symmetry and facial profile.

It is a one-time procedure with permanent results.

It is reversible (you can take the implants out).

Implants can also smooth out other chin irregularities (not only the size).

A safe and non-complicated surgical procedure

Cons

Bruising, swelling, and discomfort after the procedure are common.

The chin often becomes temporarily numb (for several weeks).

The maximum effect of the surgery is not visible until two to three months after the procedure.

There is downtime. Complications, such as infections, are possible.

In comparison to chin fillers, the cost is significantly higher.

Chin Fillers Procedure

Fillers are a non-surgical option for mild to moderate chin re-shaping and augmentation. The range of potential improvements is much smaller than with chin implants. However, chin fillers are cheaper, do not require any downtime, and the results are instantly visible.

Today, most fillers are hyaluronic acid fillers. Their effect lasts between six to twelve months. There are also other semi-permanent options, such as PMMA. The polymethyl methacrylate fillers are a longer-lasting solution. However, they carry a risk of complications.

The chin fillers procedure usually lasts between fifteen to forty-five minutes. There is no need for sedation. Topical anesthetics do the job just fine.

The cost of one treatment is significantly smaller compared to chin implant surgery. The maintenance costs, however, may amount to much more over time.

The temporary effect has a good side too. If you do not like the results, you will not need a revision procedure. They will wear off after some time, leaving you free to pick a different treatment.
Pros

No need for incisions, surgery, or downtime

Low risk of complications

No need for local or general anesthesia (only topical)

The results are instantly visible.

Safe, effective, and low-cost solution

Cons

Regular maintenance treatments are necessary to maintain the effects.

Long-term higher cost

Only mild to moderate improvements are possible (no radical changes).

The Bottom Line

Dermal fillers are a cost-effective way of testing the effects of chin augmentation on your physical appearance. If you are unsure about surgery, the fillers can give you a taste of the possibilities, which will help you understand if a more drastic improvement is necessary. Once, if ever, you are ready for permanent changes, chin implants are the way to go.

To search for the best Plastic & Cosmetic Surgery healthcare providers in Croatia, Germany, Greece, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Slovakia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, the UAE, the UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

Dr. Rosmy Barrios is an aesthetic medicine specialist with international work experience. She earned her physician diploma at the Universidad Del Norte's School of Medicine in Barranquilla, Colombia, and her specialty at John F. Kennedy University in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Dr. Barrios is a member of Pan-American Aesthetic Medicine Association (PASAM) and the Union Internationale de Medecine Esthetique (UIME). She is an expert health writer with keen interests in aesthetic medicine, regenerative aesthetics, anti-aging, fitness, and nutrition. Currently, Dr. Barrios heads the Regenerative Aesthetics department at a renowned Internal Medicine clinic based in Belgrade, Serbia.
References:

Sykes JM, Suárez GA. Chin Advancement, Augmentation, and Reduction as Adjuncts to Rhinoplasty. Clin Plast Surg. 2016;43(1):295-306. doi:10.1016/j.cps.2015.09.021

Newberry CI, Mobley SR. Chin Augmentation Using Silastic Implants. Facial Plast Surg. 2019;35(2):149-157. doi:10.1055/s-0039-1683867

Beer K, Kaufman-Janette J, Bank D, et al. Safe and Effective Chin Augmentation With the Hyaluronic Acid Injectable Filler, VYC-20L. Dermatol Surg. 2021;47(1):80-85. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000002795

Ogilvie P, Sattler G, Gaymans F, et al. Safe, Effective Chin and Jaw Restoration With VYC-25L Hyaluronic Acid Injectable Gel. Dermatol Surg. 2019;45(10):1294-1303. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000001960

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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A well-shaped chin improves the facial profile. Click here for the pros, cons, and potential risks of chin implants and chin fillers - two popular chin augmentation procedures.

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CAN INSULIN RESISTANCE LEAD TO DEPRESSION AND OTHER MOOD DISORDERS? - Mya Care

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CAN INSULIN RESISTANCE LEAD TO DEPRESSION AND OTHER MOOD DISORDERS? - Mya Care

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Many people experience the signs of common mood disorders such as anxiety and depression without realizing that unstable blood sugar could be the reason. This should not be surprising because glucose is the primary fuel for the brain.

A growing body of research points to a connection between mood and blood-sugar levels. It has been demonstrated that signs of poor sugar control closely resemble mental health issues such as irritability, anxiety, and worry.

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Many people experience the signs of common mood disorders such as anxiety and depression without realizing that unstable blood sugar could be the reason. This should not be surprising because glucose is the primary fuel for the brain.

A growing body of research points to a connection between mood and blood-sugar levels. It has been demonstrated that signs of poor sugar control closely resemble mental health issues such as irritability, anxiety, and worry.

Surprisingly, type 2 diabetics are twice as likely to suffer from depression. Also, anxiety diagnoses are 20% more common in people with diabetes.

So, how are glucose levels and insulin resistance associated with mood swings, depression, and emotions? Let's explore.

What Is Insulin Resistance?

Long before a person is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, the body starts to experience subtle changes. These indications are simultaneously a boon and a bane in that they can enable you to prevent or delay diabetes but may remain undetected due to their subtlety. One of the most significant unnoticed changes is insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance, also known as impaired insulin sensitivity, is a condition where cells in your muscles, fat, and liver do not respond to insulin as they should and are unable to use glucose from your blood for energy. As a result, the pancreas produces more insulin to make up for the loss, and your blood sugar levels rise over time.

High blood pressure, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and high cholesterol are just a few of the issues that are part of insulin resistance syndrome. So, how do you know if you have insulin resistance?

Insulin resistance cannot be detected by how you feel. You must undergo a blood test to determine your blood sugar, fat (triglyceride), and cholesterol (HDL and LDL) levels. Your health care provider will decide if you have insulin resistance based on the signs and symptoms, in addition to:

Family and personal medical history

Blood pressure readings of 130/80 or more.

A waist measurement exceeding 35 inches for women or 40 inches for men.

Acanthosis nigricans, or dark, velvety skin patches.

A fasting triglyceride level of more than 150 mg/dL.

A blood sugar level over 100 mg/dL while fasting

Low HDL Cholesterol levels, below 40 mg/dL for men and 50 mg/dL for women.

Causes Of Insulin Resistance

It is still being researched how insulin resistance develops. However, studies have discovered a number of genes that influence a person's likelihood of developing insulin resistance.

Diabetes and insulin resistance do not necessarily co-occur. Several factors can increase the likelihood of this condition, such as:
1. Inactive lifestyle.
Exercise increases insulin sensitivity and develops muscles that can absorb blood sugar. Conversely, lack of exercise can have the opposite effect and lead to insulin resistance. Additionally, a sedentary lifestyle and a lack of exercise are linked to weight gain, which can also cause insulin resistance.
2. Obesity, particularly excess abdominal fat.
According to studies, belly fat produces hormones and other chemicals that can fuel chronic inflammation in the body. The inflammatory response may contribute to insulin resistance.
3. A high-carbohydrate diet.
Insulin resistance has been linked to a diet high in saturated fats, highly processed foods, and carbohydrates. Highly processed, high-carbohydrate foods are digested quickly by your body, which raises your blood sugar levels. As a result, your pancreas is under additional strain to produce a lot of insulin, which can eventually result in insulin resistance.
4. Gestational diabetes.
In pregnancy, hormones like estrogen, human placental lactogen, and cortisol can block insulin or make it less effective.
5. A history of diabetes in the family.
Diabetes and insulin resistance tends to run in families. A family history of diabetes significantly predicts fasting insulin levels, according to studies.
6. Smoking.
Smoking is a lifestyle choice that may impact insulin resistance either directly or indirectly. It causes the activation of hormones and indirectly leads to insulin resistance. One of the potential mechanisms underlying these theories could be nicotine-induced.
7. Other factors.
The risk of insulin resistance is also increased if you:

Are of African, Latino, or Native American ancestry.

Are over 45 years.

Have health issues such as polycystic ovary syndrome and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Suffer from a hormonal disorder such as acromegaly or Cushing's syndrome.

Have sleep apnea and other sleep problems.

Take drugs such as antipsychotics, steroids, and HIV medications.

Insulin Resistance And How It Is Linked To Mental Health

A 2021 study found that those with insulin resistance are more likely to develop a serious depressive condition. In addition, the research published in the American Journal of Psychiatry states that people with insulin resistance were more at risk of developing depression.

The Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) obtained insights from the enrolled participants, monitoring them over nine years.

The study measured three variables that suggest insulin resistance, which are:

1. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol to triglyceride ratio, which the researchers claim has been well-correlated with the gold standard for insulin resistance and is often used in a clinical context.

2. Waist circumference.

3. Blood sugar level, measured as fasting plasma glucose level.

The team included 601 participants in the data analysis who had never previously experienced anxiety or clinical depression. At the initial evaluation and again after two years, the researchers checked the participants' physical measurements, collected lab samples, and screened them for depression and other psychiatric disorders.

After the initial evaluation, the participants underwent follow-up psychiatric evaluations at four, six, and nine years. The fourth edition of "The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders," which is a standardized classification system for the diagnosis of mental health conditions, served as the foundation for the team's criteria for diagnosing cases of depression.

The participants' age, gender, level of physical activity, education level, alcohol use, and smoking status were all taken into account by the researchers. The three insulin resistance indicators were all linked to a higher risk of depression, according to their primary analysis.

The researchers also looked at a particular subgroup of people who, at the beginning of the study, had no signs of insulin resistance. However, by the 2-year follow-up, these individuals had prediabetes based on blood glucose levels and other signs of insulin resistance.

At the nine-year follow-up, they discovered that those who had normal levels of plasma glucose at the two-year mark were less likely to have major depression than those who had prediabetes during the first two years of the study.

Brain Insulin Resistance And Depression

The inability of brain cells to respond to insulin activity is known as brain insulin resistance. The hypothalamus, hippocampus, and cortex are where most of the brain's insulin is located, which is controlled by the central nervous system.

Insulin resistance, reward-seeking behavior, depression, obesity, and diabetes have all been linked. In addition, because brain insulin regulates dopaminergic pathways in the brain, problems with insulin signaling also affect dopamine signaling, which in turn affects the reward and motivation systems of the brain. This may result in depression-related symptoms.

People with depression and insulin resistance, for instance, have demonstrated disruptions in the brain's capacity to signal satiation, exhibiting elevated levels of anhedonia (the inability to experience pleasure) and food-seeking behavior.

In addition, studies imply that insulin resistance in the brain may harm the HPA (hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal) axis, which controls how the brain reacts to stress. Notably, a deficient HPA axis may impair the control of glucocorticoid secretion, which results in abnormal reactions to stress, and support depressive behavior.

According to an animal study, the emotional regulation centers of the brain express insulin receptors, which enable the cells in those areas to take up and use glucose for energy. When these receptors were taken out of mouse brains, the mice started to feel anxious and depressed. The development of insulin resistance may have similar detrimental effects on the brain and contribute to mood disorders.

How To Prevent Insulin Resistance?

You can take the following steps to reduce insulin resistance and keep type 2 diabetes at bay along with depression, mood swings, and emotional issues.
1. Exercise.
Spend five or more days a week engaging in moderate activity for at least 30 minutes, such as brisk walking. Work up to that if you are not currently active.
2. Reach a healthy weight.
Consult your doctor if you are unsure of your ideal weight or how to lose weight. You might also want to consult a certified personal trainer and a nutritionist.
3. Adopt a balanced diet.
Consider consuming a diet rich in fruits, nuts, vegetables, whole grains, beans, fish, and other lean proteins.
4. Consume medication.
To help control your blood sugar, your doctor may recommend metformin (available as Glucophage, Fortamet, Riomet, and Glumetza).

These lifestyle changes, over time, can:

Increase insulin sensitivity.

Reduce your blood sugar levels.

Elevate HDL ("good") cholesterol levels

Lower the levels of LDL ("bad") cholesterol and triglycerides.

Bring down blood pressure.

Along with your primary care physician, you might collaborate with other medical professionals such as a nutritionist and an endocrinologist to develop a personalized treatment plan that is most effective for you.

The Bottom Line

Depression and type 2 diabetes are serious conditions strongly correlated with insulin resistance. In addition, several studies have revealed a link between insulin resistance, mood disorders, and glucose dysfunction. Therefore, monitoring glucose levels and preventing insulin resistance may be effective for maintaining mental and emotional well-being.

To search for the best Psychiatry Doctors and Psychiatry Healthcare Providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References:

1. Roy, Tapash, and Cathy E Lloyd. "Epidemiology of depression and diabetes: a systematic review." Journal of affective disorders vol. 142 Suppl (2012): S8-21. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(12)70004-6

2. Li, C et al. "Diabetes and anxiety in US adults: findings from the 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System." Diabetic medicine: a journal of the British Diabetic Association vol. 25,7 (2008): 878-81. doi:10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02477.x

3. The Role of Family History of Diabetes as a Predictor of Insulin Activity in a Sample of Diverse, Normal Weight Children." The Role of Family History of Diabetes as a Predictor of Insulin Activity in a Sample of Diverse, Normal Weight Children - ScienceDirect, 25 Feb. 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endmts.2021.100090

4. T. Watson, Kathleen, et al. "The American Journal of Psychiatry." The American Journal of Psychiatry, 23 Sept. 2021, https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.20101479

5. Arnold, Steven E et al. "Brain insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer disease: concepts and conundrums." Nature reviews. Neurology vol. 14,3 (2018): 168-181. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2017.185

6. Hamer, Julia A et al. "Brain insulin resistance: A treatment target for cognitive impairment and anhedonia in depression." Experimental neurology vol. 315 (2019): 1-8. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.01.016

7. Kullmann, Stephanie, et al. "Brain Insulin Resistance at the Crossroads of Metabolic and Cognitive Disorders in Humans." Physiological reviews vol. 96,4 (2016): 1169-209. doi:10.1152/physrev.00032.2015

8. Lyra E Silva, Natalia de M, et al. "Insulin Resistance as a Shared Pathogenic Mechanism Between Depression and Type 2 Diabetes." Frontiers in psychiatry vol. 10 57. 14 Feb. 2019, doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00057

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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can insulin resistance lead to depression and other mood disorders?

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CAN INSULIN RESISTANCE LEAD TO DEPRESSION AND OTHER MOOD DISORDERS?

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Several studies have revealed a link between insulin resistance, mood disorders, and glucose dysfunction. Click to learn how serious conditions such as depression and type 2 diabetes correlate with insulin resistance, causes, preventive steps, and more.

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STRENGTH TRAINING VS AEROBIC EXERCISE: WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE? - Mya Care

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STRENGTH TRAINING VS AEROBIC EXERCISE: WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE? - Mya Care

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WHO recommends that a healthy adult spend at least 150 to 300 minutes performing moderate-intensity exercises or at least 75 to150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercises per week.

It is also recommended to do strength exercises that involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week for additional health benefits. So, what do aerobic exercises and strength exercises mean? And what kind of exercises does each group include? Read on to learn more.

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WHO recommends that a healthy adult spend at least 150 to 300 minutes performing moderate-intensity exercises or at least 75 to150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic exercises per week.

It is also recommended to do strength exercises that involve all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week for additional health benefits. So, what do aerobic exercises and strength exercises mean? And what kind of exercises does each group include? Read on to learn more.

Different forms of exercises

There are various forms of exercises but we can divide the exercises into three main types.
1. Aerobic Exercises
According to the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), aerobic exercise is an activity that uses large muscle groups and can be maintained continuously for some time. It is rhythmic. In aerobic exercise, breathing controls the amount of oxygen that can make it to the muscles to help them burn fuel and move.

Examples of aerobic exercises are swimming, cycling, walking, hiking, dancing, rowing, running, jumping ropes, and so on.
Benefits of Aerobic Exercise: 2. Strength training Exercises
As per the definition provided by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), strength exercise is a voluntary activity that includes the use of weight machines, exercise bands, hand-held weights, or one's body weight (e.g. push-ups or sit-ups). This exercise increases muscle strength by making muscles work against a weight or force.

Examples of strength training exercises are weightlifting, sprints, interval training, isometric exercise, and plyometrics.
Benefits of Strength Exercise:

Improves muscle strength and tone protecting joints from injury.

Assists in weight management.

Increases muscle-to-fat ratio.

Improves endurance or stamina

Prevents or controls the progression of chronic conditions such as diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, back pain, depressionand obesity.

Increases painthreshold.

Improves posture.

Decreases risk of injury.

Reduces the risk of osteoporosisby increasing bone density and strength

Psychological benefits (boost in self-confidence, improved body image, and mood) may enhance performance in everyday tasks.

3. Stretching Exercises
Flexibility is improved by stretching regularly. Improved flexibility helps us prevent injuries while performing everyday body movements, and during exercise. Stretching also reduces muscle tension, increases circulation, and improves posture.
Benefits of Stretching Exercise:

Improves flexibility, mobility, and balance

Increases the range of joint movements

Improves the performance in physical activities

Decreases the risk of injuries

Increases blood flow to different groups of muscles thus enabling an effective muscle function.

Improves efficiency in daily activities.

How does aerobic exercise differ from strength exercise?

Although we tend to feel that every exercise is the same and has the same physiological effects on our body, there is a significant difference between aerobic and strength exercise.

Aerobic exercise requires the presence of oxygen i.e., involves transport and utilization of oxygen whereas strength exercise does not necessarily require oxygen transport and utilization.

Aerobic exercise increases muscle endurance and blood capillaries size. Muscle size and strength are increased by strength exercise.

Fats are burned only during the workout while performing aerobic exercises. In contrast, fat burn continues and also occurs while in rest for people performing strength exercises.

Aerobic exercises can be sustained for an extended period. Strength exercises can be done for a shorter period since lactic acid builds up and we start to feel pain.

Aerobic exercises are mainly low intensity and can be performed comfortably while breathing through the nose. Strength exercises are high intensity and require mouth breathing to perform.

Aerobic exercise is helpful for weight reduction whereas strength exercise increases muscle mass and hence, strength.

Aerobic exercise improves stamina while strength exercise increases power.

The Bottom line

WHO has recommended different forms of exercise to maintain a healthy body. The recommended duration varies significantly on which forms of exercise we chose to do. There are mainly three forms of exercises: aerobic, strength, and stretching exercises.

Physiological and psychological benefits from each form of exercise can vary. It is necessary to know what are the examples of different forms of exercise. Thus, we should decide the exercise regimen we should be following based on our goals, limitations, fitness level, preferences, and availability.

The most vital part of following a specific exercise routine is to consider these factors and learn about them from various sources and our own experiences. This can help us draft an exercise regimen that can be successful in reaching our goals as well as keep us healthy and happy.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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strength training vs aerobic exercise: what’s the difference?

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STRENGTH TRAINING VS AEROBIC EXERCISE: WHAT'S THE DIFFERENCE?

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The WHO recommends combining different forms of exercise - Aerobics, Strength Training, and Stretching - to maintain a healthy body. Click to learn more about the benefits of each and how they differ.

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The concept of oil pulling— washing the mouth with an oil — is gaining attention globally. It is endorsed by several celebrities on the internet, and many swear by its health benefits. It is an ancient practice that has gained renewed interest among people looking for an alternative to reduce the adverse effects of modern medicine.

In this article, we discuss the concept of oil pulling in detail and its benefits for oral health.

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This article is continuously updated.
The concept of oil pulling- washing the mouth with an oil - is gaining attention globally. It is endorsed by several celebrities on the internet, and many swear by its health benefits. It is an ancient practice that has gained renewed interest among people looking for an alternative to reduce the adverse effects of modern medicine.

In this article, we discuss the concept of oil pulling in detail and its benefits for oral health.

What is Oil Pulling?

Oil pulling (or oil washing) is a home-based remedy that involves swishing oil in the mouth for 5-20 minutes early in the morning. The concept of oil pulling dates back to 3000 BC and has been extensively discussed in Ayurvedic texts such as Charaka Samhita and Sushrutha's Arthashastra. This process is known as Kavala Gandoosha or Kavala Graha in Ayurveda. The continuous swishing of oil inside the mouth activates several enzymes (proteins) that remove toxins from the blood, curing several systemic and oral diseases. Research suggests that after practicing oil pulling for 40 days, a 20% reduction in the microbial count was observed in the oral cavity.

What Oils are Used for Oil Pulling?

Here are some of the oils that can be used for oil pulling:

Coconut oil: Coconut oil is the most recommended oil for oil pulling. It mainly comprises lauric acid, which offers antimicrobial properties against a wide range of microorganisms in the mouth. In addition, coconut oil boosts the immune system and has anti-inflammatory properties beneficial to oral health. Even the pleasant taste of the oil makes it comfortable to use. Coconut oil has antiseptic properties and is considered safe to use.

Sesame oil: Sesame oil is rich in chemicals (e.g., sesamin, sesamolin, also sesaminol) containing Vitamin E and good fats (polyunsaturated fatty acids). The presence of vitamin E in sesame oil infuses antioxidant properties that lessen damage or injury to the oral tissues. Research suggests sesame oil aids in the removal of the bacterial film (plaque) present on teeth and gums.

Olive oil: Olive oil contains 70% of healthy fats (monosaturated fatty acids) and is rich in vitamin A, E, and K. These constituents impart antimicrobial and antioxidative effects, which aid in oral care. It is claimed that oil pulling using olive oil prevents bad breath.

Refined sunflower oil: Refined sunflower oil is rich in antioxidants and has antimicrobial properties. Just like sesame oil, it helps remove the bacterial film from the surfaces of teeth and gums.

Liquid extracts of gooseberries and mangoes can also be used for oil pulling.

What are the Different Types of Oil Pulling?

According to Ayurvedic texts, there are two different types of oil pulling-Kavala Gandoosha and Kavala Graha

* Kavala Gandoosha - In this type, oil is filled in the mouth and held for 3-5 minutes, then spat out. As the mouth of the user is completely filled with oil, gargling is not possible. This is medicative in nature and recommended for individuals with dry mouth.

* Kavala Graha - In this type, a smaller quantity of oil is taken in the mouth by the user and gargled for three minutes with the mouth closed. This is the most used technique as it is believed that the swishing motion enables better cleansing of teeth and gums.

How is Oil Pulling performed?

Oil pulling should be ideally performed in the morning on an empty stomach. It is best practiced in a seated and chin up position. Here are some of the steps involved in performing oil pulling:

Take one tablespoon of oil (~10ml) into the mouth.

Swish the oil gently for 5-20 minutes between the teeth. If the jaw starts aching, then reduce the duration of the procedure. Swishing oil changes the consistency of oil and makes it thin and milky.

Spit the oil on a tissue paper or directly into the trash.

Use water to rinse your mouth thoroughly, followed by brushing and flossing.

What is the Mechanism of Action of Oil Pulling?

The exact mechanism of oil pulling is still not clear. However, some of the proposed theories are as follows:

Oils used in oil pulling are rich in antioxidants. These antioxidants damage the bacterial cell wall and remove infection-causing microorganisms aiding in oral health maintenance.

During oil pulling, oil gets emulsified (oil combined with water present in the saliva), and its surface area increases. This allows oil to coat different surfaces of teeth and gums in the mouth. Since oils used for oil pulling contain fats, it attracts the fat-rich layer (lipid layer) of bacterial cell membranes causing them to stick to the oil. When people spit the oil after swishing, they spit out the toxins too. This process claims to inhibit the formation of the bacterial film (plaque) responsible for tooth decay, gum infections, and bad odor. [1]

What are the Benefits of Oil Pulling?

Oil pulling is a simple and cost-effective procedure that does not require specialized oils. It is believed to cure approximately 30 different systemic ailments, including migraine, headaches, asthma, eczema, diabetes, and cough. In addition, it offers benefits in several oral conditions. These include:

Tooth decay: Oil pulling with coconut and sesame oil has been reported to have an antibacterial effect against several bacterial species (e.g., Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli), which are known to release chemicals that cause demineralization (loss of mineral content) of the tooth surface, resulting in decay. Research suggests that following a 40-day regimen of oil pulling results in a 20% reduction in the number of microorganisms in the oral cavity.

Gum disease: The presence of plaque (a sticky film of bacteria) on the tooth surface often results in gum diseases, such as gingivitis (gum inflammation). Oil pulling is known to reduce bacterial film (plaque) formation and the growth of microorganisms that cause inflammation of the gums. Research suggests that 45 days of oil-pulling therapy using sunflower oil resulted in an 18-30% reduction in plaque scores and 52-60% in gingivitis.

Bad breath: Bad breath is caused by the release of sulfide compounds after the degradation of food debris by various oral bacteria. Oil pulling, especially with sesame oil, has been reported to be effective against oral bacteria that cause bad breath. Research suggests that oil pulling is effective against bad breath, similar to chlorhexidine mouthwash (medicated mouthwash prescribed by dentists). In addition, unlike chlorhexidine mouthwash, oil pulling does not stain teeth or alter taste sensation with prolonged use.

Fungal infection: Fungal infection (oral candidiasis) in the mouth is common among denture wearers, individuals who are on prolonged antibiotic therapy, those using steroid inhalers for asthma, and those undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Oil pulling aids in the removal of causative microorganisms by trapping them during oil swishing. Additionally, oil pulling using coconut oil removes microorganisms by killing them.

Teeth whitening: Some reports suggest that coconut oil pulling whitens teeth. However, these claims require further investigation.

What to Expect Before, During, and After Oil Pulling?

Some of the things to be expected before, during, and after oil pulling are as follows:
Before
Oil pulling is recommended in the morning on an empty stomach before brushing and flossing. It is believed that oil pulling performed before brushing and flossing helps keep the mouth clean after oil filled with toxins is spat out.[2]
During
During the procedure, put a tablespoon of oil into the mouth and swish gently or rigorously between the teeth and gums for 5-20 minutes. Once the swishing completes, the oil mixes with saliva and turns thin and milky white. It is then spit out and the mouth is thoroughly rinsed with water. If jaw pain occurs due to prolonged swishing of oil, the procedure can be reduced to 5-10 minutes. It is recommended to avoid swallowing viscous oil because it contains bacteria and toxins.
After
Individuals may feel freshness in their breath immediately after the oil pulling. However, the major oil pulling benefits are more evident after a few weeks. In individuals with high gum inflammation, it may take months to restore gum health.

Who Might Benefit and Who Should Avoid Oil Pulling

Oil pulling may be beneficial in individuals seeking additional ways to prevent tooth decay and maintain gum health. It may also benefit individuals with bad breath or dry mouth.

To date, no contraindications have been suggested for oil pulling. However, it can be avoided by individuals who experience nausea or gagging during the procedure, have undergone a recent oral surgical procedure, or have an oral infection. In such individuals, it is best recommended to begin oil pulling once the oral site heals or the infection subsides. In addition, it should be avoided in children below five years of age. Individuals allergic to coconut, sesame, or sunflower oil can also refrain from oil pulling.

Tips to get started with Oil Pulling (Duration, Selecting an oil)

Some of the tips to consider while starting with oil pulling are as follows.

Use organic cold-pressed oils instead of processed oils since processed oils lose most of their nutrients during processing

Develop a routine to perform oil pulling on an empty stomach before brushing and flossing to experience better results.

Perform oil pulling for a shorter duration of 3-5 minutes in the beginning, gradually extending it to 15-20 minutes.

Spit the oil in the tissue instead of the sink or toilet to avoid clogging of pipes over time.

What Precautions are Recommended during Oil Pulling?

Avoid swallowing oil as it contains toxins and microorganisms, which may have adverse effects on general health.

Brush and floss your teeth after oil pulling.

Avoid the intake of beverages immediately after oil pulling. It is recommended only after rinsing the mouth.

What are the Shortcomings of Oil Pulling?

In rare cases, lipoid pneumonia is reported in people who accidentally swallow the oil rich in toxins while oil pulling. Commonly observed symptoms include - fever, weight loss, cough, breathlessness, discomfort in the chest, and blood-filled sputum. Sometimes people also complain of an upset stomach after oil pulling.

Is Oil Pulling good for the Mouth?

Oil pulling is among the easiest and most inexpensive means to maintain oral hygiene. According to research by University of Oxford scientists, it has no adverse effects and may benefit oral hygiene. However, it does not reverse the effects of tooth decay and gum infections or cure these conditions completely. It can only act as an additional oral hygiene practice that can be used alongside brushing and flossing of teeth.

In addition, American Dental Association doesn't recommend this practice as there is inadequate scientific evidence supporting the benefits of oil pulling in improving oral health. Even the existing literature lacks high-quality trials of a longer duration. [3]

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Does oil pulling whiten teeth?
Oil pulling helps remove the plaque from the tooth surface, which imparts a yellowish appearance to the teeth. Removal of plaque results in whitening of teeth. However, oil pulling for teeth whitening may not be effective if the teeth are yellow due to internal staining (stains within the layers of tooth).
How often should you oil pull? Is it ok to oil pull every day?
Oil pulling can be performed once daily on an empty stomach for 5-20 minutes to maintain oral health. Some researchers recommend oil pulling thrice a day before meals to hasten the healing of acute oral conditions. However, performing oil pulling thrice daily can be exhausting and may result in soreness of the jaws.
Is oil pulling safe?
The short answer is yes. According to research by University of Oxford scientists, it has no adverse effects and may benefit oral hygiene. However, a few individuals may complain of upset stomach or nausea after oil pulling. In rare cases, lipoid pneumonia was reported in people who accidentally swallowed the oil rich in toxins while oil pulling.
Can oil pulling reverse cavities?
Oil pulling does not reverse already formed cavities. However, oil pulling can be effective against bacteria that cause cavities, preventing the formation of new ones.
Do you oil pull before or after brushing?
Research suggests that oil pulling before brushing and flossing offers better results. This is because brushing and flossing after oil pulling allows the complete removal of the oil filled with bacterial toxins.
Can oil pulling be performed with braces?
Regular oil pulling may help reduce bacteria in the mouth and keep areas around brackets clean. However, oil pulling should only be used as an adjunct to regular brushing and flossing to enhance oral care. It is also recommended to consult an orthodontist before starting oil pulling if you wear braces.
Does oil pulling remove tartar?
Research suggests that oil pulling is effective against plaque, a soft white thin bacterial film. However, oil pulling may not be effective enough to remove the hardened, calcified mass of tartar.
How long does it take for oil pulling to wor k? Which oil is good for oil pulling?
It may take a few weeks to months to experience the benefits of oil pulling. This variation in duration depends on the intensity of oral conditions present in the mouth. According to a research study, oil pulling, when regularly performed by individuals aged 16-18 years, resulted in a 50% reduction in plaque and plaque-induced inflammation of gums (gingivitis) after a month. However, signs of improvement were evident after 7 days.

The benefits of oil pulling with coconut oil or sesame oil that make these good choices are that they are rich in antioxidants and have antibacterial properties.

To search for the best dentists in Germany, India, Malaysia, Poland, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References:
Dr. Shilpy Bhandari is an experienced dental surgeon, with specialization in periodontics and implantology. She received her graduate and postgraduate education from Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences in India. Besides her private practice, she enjoys writing on medical topics. She is also interested in evidence-based academic writing and has published several articles in international journals.
Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

Hariharan R, Babu N, Masthan K, Rajesh E. Oil Pulling And Its Oral Benefits-A Review. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine. 2020;7(03):2020.

Kode S, Kamble P, Karkhanis D, Khan R. Coconut oil pulling-The holistic medicine: Evaluation of efficacy of coconut oil pulling therapy as an adjunct to scaling in diabetic patients with chronic gingivitis-A clinical and microbiological study. Journal of Interdisciplinary Dentistry. 2019 May 1;9(2):59.

RCSE F. Role of Coconut Oil Pulling on Oral Health-An Overview. JPDA. 2018 Jul;27(03).

Shanbhag VK. Oil pulling for maintaining oral hygiene - A review. J Tradit Complement Med. 2016 Jun 6;7(1):106-109.

https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/o/oil-pulling

Gbinigie O, Onakpoya I, Spencer E, MacBain MM, Heneghan C. Effect of oil pulling in promoting oro dental hygiene: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Complementary therapies in medicine. 2016 Jun 1;26:47-54.

Saher, Fizza & Hosein, Mervyn & Ahmed, Jabbar. (2018). Role of Coconut Oil Pulling On Oral Health - An Overview. Journal of The Pakistan Dental Association. 27. 94-99. 10.25301/JPDA.273.94.

Naseem M, Khiyani MF, Nauman H, Zafar MS, Shah AH, Khalil HS. Oil pulling and importance of traditional medicine in oral health maintenance. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2017 Sep-Oct;11(4):65-70. PMID: 29085271; PMCID: PMC5654187.

Woolley J, Gibbons T, Patel K, Sacco R. The effect of oil pulling with coconut oil to improve dental hygiene and oral health: A systematic review. Heliyon. 2020 Aug 27;6(8):e04789.

King, A. BAD SCIENCE: Oil pulling. Br Dent J 224, 470 (2018).

Singh A, Purohit B. Tooth brushing, oil pulling and tissue regeneration: A review of holistic approaches to oral health. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2011 Apr;2(2):64-8.

Peedikayil FC, Sreenivasan P, Narayanan A. Effect of coconut oil in plaque related gingivitis - A preliminary report. Niger Med J. 2015 Mar-Apr;56(2):143-7.

https://www.dentistryiq.com/dental-hygiene/patient-education/article/16359465/how-dental-professionals-can-respond-to-oil-pulling-patients

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is oil pulling the silver bullet it is touted to be?

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IS OIL PULLING THE SILVER BULLET IT IS TOUTED TO BE?

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An ancient practice gaining renewed interest, oil pulling involves washing the mouth with an oil. Click for information on how it works, the benefits, precautions, and more.

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ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT “QUVIVIQ” (DARIDOREXANT): THE NEW INSOMNIA TREATMENT - Mya Care

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ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT “QUVIVIQ” (DARIDOREXANT): THE NEW INSOMNIA TREATMENT - Mya Care

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Studies show that 10%-30% of people worldwide don’t get enough sleep. In some populations, the percentage of people with insomnia is as high as 50%-60%.

There’s a huge demand for effective insomnia treatments because this condition can increase the risk of several health concerns. People who don’t sleep well also often have trouble driving, performing well at work, and maintaining healthy relationships.

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ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT “QUVIVIQ” (DARIDOREXANT): THE NEW INSOMNIA TREATMENT | Mya Care

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The new FDA-approved prescription insomnia drug Quviviq (daridorexant) works by dual-action, i.e., blocking wake-promoting neurotransmitters and promoting sleep. Learn how it differs from other insomnia treatments, the side-effects, and more.

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THE ROLE OF EXOSOMES IN AESTHETICS - Mya Care

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THE ROLE OF EXOSOMES IN AESTHETICS - Mya Care

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To attain eternal youth and beauty, the world of aesthetics constantly evolves, seeking innovative and effective treatments. Exosomes, a relatively recent discovery in the field of regenerative medicine, have emerged as a promising tool for enhancing aesthetics. These tiny vesicles, secreted by various cells in the body, play a pivotal role in cell-to-cell communication and tissue repair. Their regenerative potential and versatile applications have garnered interest in cosmetic procedures. This article delves into the role of exosomes in aesthetics, exploring their mechanism of action, benefits, and the potential future they hold for revolutionizing beauty treatments.

for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/the-role-of-exosomes-in-aesthetics

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To attain eternal youth and beauty, the world of aesthetics constantly evolves, seeking innovative and effective treatments. Exosomes, a relatively recent discovery in the field of regenerative medicine, have emerged as a promising tool for enhancing aesthetics. These tiny vesicles, secreted by various cells in the body, play a pivotal role in cell-to-cell communication and tissue repair. Their regenerative potential and versatile applications have garnered interest in cosmetic procedures. This article delves into the role of exosomes in aesthetics, exploring their mechanism of action, benefits, and the potential future they hold for revolutionizing beauty treatments.

Understanding Exosomes

Exosomes might be tiny, but their role in the world of aesthetics is anything but small. These minuscule vesicles, ranging from 30 to 150 nanometers in size, are produced by various cells in our body and serve as essential messengers of communication. They carry powerful ingredients, including genetic material, proteins, and other molecules, and travel throughout the body, delivering these precious cargoes to target cells.

When exosomes arrive at their destination, they bind to the surface of the target cells and release their contents, which then influence the behavior of these cells. This interaction triggers a series of events that lead to improved cellular health and overall tissue repair.

One of the interesting features of exosomes is their ability to transfer genetic material, particularly microRNAs, which are like tiny conductors of a genetic orchestra. These microRNAs can tune up or down the expression of genes within the recipient cells, regulating their behavior and encouraging them to act in a more youthful and vibrant manner. According to studies, Exosomes may have the power to turn back the clock on aging cells, prompting them to behave like they did when we were younger. This means they can boost collagen and elastin production, improve skin texture, reduce the appearance of wrinkles, and even promote hair growth.

Mechanism of Action in Aesthetics

Exosomes in aesthetics exert effects through a complex and intricate mechanism of action. These tiny vesicles, when introduced into the target tissue, engage in cell-to-cell communication, delivering essential bioactive molecules to promote cellular regeneration and rejuvenation. Understanding the intricacies of this mechanism is crucial to grasp the transformative potential of exosomes in the field of aesthetics.

Intercellular Communication

Exosomes act as messengers in the intercellular communication network of the body. They are secreted by various cell types, including stem cells, and are released into the extracellular environment. These exosomes carry a diverse payload of molecules, including microRNAs, mRNAs, proteins, and lipids. These molecular components are selectively packaged within the exosomes, allowing them to target specific cells and influence cellular behavior.

Cellular Uptake

Upon reaching the target tissue, exosomes interact with recipient cells by binding to their surface receptors. This interaction facilitates the internalization of exosomes into the target cells, where the encapsulated bioactive molecules are released and begin to exert their effects.

Genetic Regulation

One of the most significant contributions of exosomes in aesthetics is their ability to transfer genetic material, specifically microRNAs, to recipient cells. MicroRNAs are short, non-coding RNA molecules that play a vital role in regulating gene expression. By delivering specific microRNAs to the target cells, exosomes can modulate the expression of genes involved in cell growth, tissue repair, and collagen synthesis.

Stimulation of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation

Exosomes promote the proliferation and differentiation of target cells, thereby encouraging tissue regeneration. For instance, in facial rejuvenation procedures, exosomes delivered into the skin can stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts. The fibroblast cells are responsible for producing collagen and elastin. This increase in collagen and elastin production leads to improved skin elasticity, reduced wrinkles, and an overall more youthful appearance.

Suppression of Inflammation

Inflammation is a commonresponse to tissue damage or injury, but excessive or chronic inflammation can be detrimental to the skin. Exosomes have demonstrated anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce skin redness, irritation, and swelling. By modulating the inflammatory response, exosomes promote a calmer and more balanced environment in the treated tissues.

Induction of Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels, is a crucial process in tissue repair and regeneration. Exosomes have been found to promote angiogenesis, which is particularly beneficial in procedures aimed at scar reduction and wound healing. It can even boost the blood flow to the treated area by encouraging the development of new blood vessels, which speeds up tissue repair and lessens the visibility of scars.

Collagen and Elastin Remodeling

Exosomes play a role in collagen and elastin remodeling, which is vital in maintaining skin structure and elasticity. Collagen and elastin production declines with age, causing the skin to sag and wrinkle. By boosting the synthesis of fresh collagen and elastin fibers and their appropriate alignment within the skin matrix, exosomes can reverse this process in its tracks.

Immune Modulation

Exosomes also possess immune-modulating properties. They can regulate the immune response in the treated tissues, helping to avoid adverse reactions to the exosome treatment itself. This immune regulation contributes to the overall safety and well-tolerated nature of exosome-based aesthetics procedures.

Exosome Treatments in Aesthetics

Facial Rejuvenation

Exosomes can be utilized in facial treatments to restore youthful vitality. Injected into the skin, they encourage the body's natural regenerative processes, reducing the signs of aging and sun damage.

Hair Restoration

For many people, losing their hair can be a distressing event.. Exosomes can offer a potential non-surgical solution by promoting hair follicle health and stimulating hair growth.

Scar Reduction

Exosomes have shown promise in minimizing the appearance of scars by modulating the extracellular matrix and tissue regeneration.

Breast Augmentation

For those seeking non-invasive breast augmentation, exosomes hold potential as an alternative to traditional surgical procedures.

Benefits of Exosome Treatments

Exosomes have emerged as powerful agents with the potential to revolutionize beauty treatments. These tiny, cell-derived vesicles carry regenerative properties, offering a non-invasive and natural approach to enhancing beauty. From facial rejuvenation to scar reduction and beyond, the benefits of exosomes in aesthetics are garnering significant attention and sparking hope for a more radiant and youthful future. Let us look at the benefits.

Non-Invasive Approach: Unlike surgical procedures, exosome treatments offer a non-invasive option, minimizing the risk of complications and reducing recovery time.

Natural Regeneration: Exosomes harness the body's natural regenerative capabilities, offering a more organic approach to aesthetics.

Long-Lasting Effects: As exosomes encourage cellular repair, the effects of treatments can be long-lasting, making them an attractive option.

Reduced Side Effects: Exosome treatments have demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with minimal side effects reported compared to other interventions.

The Future of Exosomes in Aesthetics

The application of exosomes in aesthetics is still in its infancy, and ongoing research holds the potential to unlock further benefits and refine existing treatments. As technology advances, scientists are exploring ways to engineer exosomes to deliver specific therapeutic payloads tailored to individual patient needs. This personalized approach could cater to unique concerns with targeted precision.

Challenges and Ethical Considerations

As with any emerging medical technology, the use of exosomes in aesthetics presents challenges and ethical considerations. The current lack of standardized protocols and regulations raises concerns about treatment safety, efficacy, and potential abuse by unscrupulous practitioners. Transparent guidelines and thorough clinical trials are crucial to ensure patient safety and establish the effectiveness of exosome-based therapies.

The Takeaway

Exosomes offer a non-invasive and natural approach to beauty enhancement. Their ability to stimulate cellular regeneration and improve tissue health has shown promise in a wide range of aesthetic applications, from facial rejuvenation to scar reduction and beyond.

As research continues and regulations are established, the role of exosomes in aesthetics is poised to grow, potentially transforming the way we approach beauty and anti-aging treatments. However, it is essential to proceed with caution, emphasizing the importance of responsible research and ethical practice to ensure that exosome-based therapies fulfill their potential as a safe and effective means of unveiling the beauty within.

To search for the best health providers for dermatology in Croatia, Germany, Greece, Italy, Malaysia, Singapore, Slovakia Spain, Thailand, The UAE, the UK, and the US, please use our free search engine.
References:

Ku, Ying C., et al. "The Potential Role of Exosomes in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery: A Review of Current Literature." Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open 11.6 (2023).

Xiong, Mingchen, et al. "The novel mechanisms and applications of exosomes in dermatology and cutaneous medical aesthetics." Pharmacological research 166 (2021): 105490.

Zhang, Bin, et al. "Exosomes based advancements for application in medical aesthetics." Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 10 (2022): 1083640.

Vyas, Krishna S., et al. "Exosomes: The latest in regenerative aesthetics." Regenerative Medicine 18.2 (2023): 181-194.

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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Discover the power of exosomes. These tiny vesicles secreted by various cells aid tissue repair and could potentially revolutionize the beauty and aesthetic industry with their regenerative capabilities.

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9 TIPS TO BUILD MUSCLE MASS AFTER 70 - Mya Care 

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9 TIPS TO BUILD MUSCLE MASS AFTER 70 - Mya Care 

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Yes, you can still gain muscles if you are over 70 years old. Many forms of exercise and nutritional considerations backed by research can help those over 70 build muscle mass and improve muscle tone. However, it is essential to adapt exercises according to your health condition and physical limitations.
for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/9-tips-to-build-muscle-mass-after-70

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This article is continuously updated.
Yes, you can still gain muscles if you are over 70 years old. Many forms of exercise and nutritional considerations backed by research can help those over 70 build muscle mass and improve muscle tone. However, it is essential to adapt exercises according to your health condition and physical limitations.

Increasing Your Intake Of Protein

Proteins form the building blocks of muscles. Hence, a protein-rich diet is essential for building muscles. Men and women above the age of 70 can benefit from a protein-rich diet that provides them with essential nutrients.

Proteins can be derived from various food sources, such as beans, legumes, and meats. In the elderly, a larger dose of protein is required for muscle building as compared to younger adults.

One of the major health issues the elderly face is the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function with age, known as sarcopenia. Several studies have identified protein, especially the essential amino acids, as the main component for muscle health in elderly adults.

The current recommended daily protein consumption in adults is 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight. However, in the elderly, the recommended daily allowance of protein is between 1.2 and 2.0 grams per kilogram of body weight. This reflects the higher need and importance of protein in the diet.

The quality of the protein and type of protein you consume should also be considered. Essential amino acids, especially the branched-chain amino acid leucine, are potent stimulators of muscle protein formation. Animal proteins or animal-source proteins such as meats and dairy products have a greater amount of essential amino acids than plant-based forms such as soy milk, legumes, and beans.

Eating A Balanced Diet

Many people advocate for a Mediterranean diet or a rainbow diet, with different colors of food items. Including a variety of fruits and vegetables in your diet (varying in color) ensures you are receiving enough fiber and vitamins. On the other hand, a Mediterranean diet helps to ensure that you get a moderate amount of healthy fats through the intake of nuts, seeds, olives, avocadoes, and oils.

The micro-nutrients that can be used as supplements to help build muscle include selenium and magnesium. Minerals such as calcium and zinc also affect the musculoskeletal system. Calcium maintains the structural integrity of your bones and muscles. Similarly, zinc acts as an essential component for several biochemical reactions in the body.

A study showed that when compared to participants with normal selenium levels, those with lower selenium levels had comparatively weak hips, low knee strength, and decreased grip strength. Serum selenium is a marker for the risk of muscle loss.

In addition, vitamin C, and vitamin B6 also play significant roles in muscle health. Marked vitamin B deficiency can lead to neurological symptoms that affect motor neurons. This, in turn, leads to weakness. Therefore, it is essential to have a good mix of in your diet.

Pre-workout Warm-up and Stretches

Muscles and other connective tissue structures become prone to injury as you age. So, it is essential to do pre-workout warm-up exercises to prevent sudden excessive stress on your muscles.

Some light jogging, stretches and other forms of pre-workout warm-up exercises can help your body prepare for more strenuous forms of exercise. These stretches also reduce the possibility of injuries such as sprains, muscle tears, and fractures.

The period of pre-workout warm-up should be about 10 minutes. You can focus your warm-up on the group of muscles that you plan to train that day.

Using Resistance Bands

Resistance bands are great for integrating resistance training into your regimen. Elderly people can start with lower body strength training exercises that do not require equipment. A resistance band can then be added to provide an additional form of resistance.

After completing exercises to build the lower body muscular groups, you can workout to strengthen the core and upper body.

There is a natural muscle-building response when you stretch a muscle until it begins to strain. The muscle increases in mass as it must adapt to the strain. This leads to increased muscle fibers, which causes the growth in muscle size or muscle mass.

Studies have shown that using an elastic material such as a resistance band can be effective in improving muscle strength in elderly populations irrespective of health status. Training with elastic resistance is most effective in people who have mild functional limitations.

Body Weight Exercises Like Push-ups And Situps

You can perform resistance workouts such as push-ups and squats using only your body weight if you do not have any weights or a resistance band.. They also form an essential part of strength training that can help to build and maintain muscles.

It is simple to do these exercises at home. You must focus on doing sets of push-ups or squats. You need to repeat these sets and also take breaks in between the sets.

Muscles are composed of different fibers, and these fibers can degenerate with age. The elderly are prone to a sedentary lifestyle with fewer high-intensity forms of exercise. So, introducing exercises into your daily routine can help you to maintain muscle form.

A well-designed, progressive resistance exercise training program exerts a positive effect on both the nervous and muscular systems. Resistance exercise training should be considered a first-line treatment strategy for managing sarcopenia or muscle loss.

The duration of resistance exercise training (RET) should be 30 minutes to one hour. The exercise should be performed two to four days a week. Resistance training includes wall push-ups, seated cable row, biceps curl, triceps extension, calf raise, and leg extensions.

Use of Exercise Machines

Resistance exercises are commonly categorized into multi-joint and uni-joint. Multi-joint exercises are those in which more than one joint is involved. It includes a chest press and a leg press. Uni-joint exercises are those in which only one joint is involved, like bicep curls.

In older populations, multi-joint exercises should be encouraged and resistance exercise machines are more beneficial than the use of free weights for beginners unfamiliar with the use of barbells and dumbbells.

Exercise machines in general, are also helpful as they allow the elderly to exercise without concern for pathogens and external allergens. It is beneficial to invest in an exercise machine according to your needs. Examples of these machines include elliptical machines, recumbent exercise bikes, lat pulldown machines, and rowing machines.

Ellipticals are stationary machines that allow you to do cardio exercises of various intensities. Recumbent exercise bikes are appropriate for seniors and allow you to improve your leg muscles. They are also very comfortable due to the padding provided on them. Rowing machines allow you to have a full-body workout. Similarly, lat pulldown machines enable you to train a particular group of muscles at a time.

Lifting Light to Moderate Weights

People over the age of 70 can lift weights as per their health condition. Lifting weights will help increase muscle mass. However, it is inadvisable to lift very heavy weights. People of this age group should prioritize adapting their weight lifts and exercises considering prior injuries, lack of flexibility, joint problems, and limited range of motion.

For older adults, strength training is the key to muscle growth. It is advisable to do this with light weights and to workout slowly. Use slow movements and lighter weights to allow your muscles to work harder. Never exercise the same muscle group two days in a row.

During your exercise sets, you need to take a few minutes of rest in between sets and also after you finish your regimen. This allows your body to return to its normal physiological limits.

Research on the effect of lifting weights on the elderly population is promising. One research observed a group of people aged 60 to 86 years who trained the same five muscle groups for three sets. They had 10 to 12 repetitions followed by 20 minutes of endurance training over six months. In the end, three measurements were made- dynamic, isometric strength, and endurance. The results showed that free-weight training had the greatest benefits in improving leg and triceps strength.

Take the advice of a personal trainer, as it can be harder to gauge which exercises you can and cannot do safely. A personally customized training regimen is essential if you have other health issues that may interfere with your goals.

Slow and Steady Increase Of Exercise Intensity

Initially, performing 10 reps of an appropriate exercise is adequate. This applies to weight training as well. Continue using that weight until you can do 12 to 15 of them in a row.

Eventually, you can add more weight targeting 10 to 12 repetitions in one go. The cycle continues as such, with eventual gains seen in muscle mass and your capacity to lift weights.

Getting Sufficient Amount Of Rest And Sleep

During sleep, the body recovers from all the physical and mental stress that accumulated throughout the day. So, it is essential to get sufficient rest with sleep.

It is also necessary to take breaks in between your exercises. You need to rest so that you do not overexert and injure your muscles, tendons, or ligaments. 1 or 2 rest days are recommended between each exercise session.

Sleep may also play a role in muscle protein metabolism. A sleep disorder can promote age-related muscle loss by favoring proteolysis, modifying body composition, and increasing the risk of insulin resistance. Age-related sleep problems also inhibit anabolic hormone cascades and promote catabolic pathways in the skeletal muscle.

Sleep is also related to the release of various hormones in the body. The effects of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), testosterone, insulin, and cortisol on muscles must be taken into account.

The Bottom Line

Low to moderate-intensity strength training with a protein-rich diet forms the basis for building muscles for those over the age of 70. There are many age-related considerations, such as degeneration of muscles, nerves, joints, and bones, which may limit the intensity of exercises from person to person.

It is a myth that you cannot build muscle mass after the age of 70. All people over the age of 70 should add resistance training into their routine and focus on a well-balanced diet to maintain muscle tone and gain muscle mass.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References:

Baum, Jamie I et al. "Protein Consumption and the Elderly: What Is the Optimal Level of Intake?." Nutrients vol. 8,6 359. 8 Jun. 2016, doi:10.3390/nu8060359

Houston, Denise K et al. "Dietary protein intake is associated with lean mass change in older, community-dwelling adults: the Health, Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study." The American journal of clinical nutrition vol. 87,1 (2008): 150-5. doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.1.150

Ganapathy, Aravinda, and Jeri W Nieves. "Nutrition and Sarcopenia-What Do We Know?." Nutrients vol. 12,6 1755. 11 Jun. 2020, doi:10.3390/nu12061755

Lauretani, Fulvio et al. "Association of low plasma selenium concentrations with poor muscle strength in older community-dwelling adults: the InCHIANTI Study." The American journal of clinical nutrition vol. 86,2 (2007): 347-52. doi:10.1093/ajcn/86.2.347

VILTER, R W et al. "The effect of vitamin B6 deficiency induced by desoxypyridoxine in human beings." The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine vol. 42,3 (1953): 335-57.

Martins, Wagner Rodrigues et al. "Elastic resistance training to increase muscle strength in elderly: a systematic review with meta-analysis." Archives of gerontology and geriatrics vol. 57,1 (2013): 8-15. doi:10.1016/j.archger.2013.03.002

Willoughby, D. S. "Current comments are official statements by the American College of Sports Medicine concerning topics of interest to the public at large." Indianapolis: American College of Sports Medicine (2015).

Schott, Nadja et al. "Effects of free weights and machine training on muscular strength in high-functioning older adults." Experimental gerontology vol. 122 (2019): 15-24. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.03.012

Piovezan, Ronaldo D et al. "The impact of sleep on age-related sarcopenia: Possible connections and clinical implications." Ageing research reviews vol. 23,Pt B (2015): 210-20. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2015.07.003

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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Building muscle mass or improving muscle tone over 70 is possible with appropriate exercise and nutritional considerations. Click here for nine tips ranging from dietary advice to the use of resistance bands, and more.

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Type 4 Diabetes, also referred to as "insulin-resistant diabetes in older adults", is a term used by researchers for a specific subtype of diabetes characterize

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UNDERSTANDING TYPE 4 DIABETES: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT

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UNDERSTANDING TYPE 4 DIABETES: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT

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for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/understanding-type-4-diabetes-causes-symptoms-and-management

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Scapular Winging or Winged Scapula is a medical disorder caused when the muscles that stabilize the area between the shoulder blades become weak or paralyzed.

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WINGED SCAPULA: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT - Mya Care 

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WINGED SCAPULA: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT - Mya Care 

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for more :- https://myacare.com/blog/winged-scapula-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment

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UNDERSTANDING TYPE 4 DIABETES: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT - Mya Care

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UNDERSTANDING TYPE 4 DIABETES: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT - Mya Care

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Type 4 Diabetes, also referred to as "insulin-resistant diabetes in older adults", is a term used by researchers for a specific subtype of diabetes characterized by insulin resistance in older adults.

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Type 4 Diabetes, also referred to as "insulin-resistant diabetes in older adults", is a term used by researchers for a specific subtype of diabetes characterized by insulin resistance in older adults. It is estimated to be frequently underdiagnosed because those affected are neither obese or overweight (the cardinal sign of Type 2 Diabetes) nor show signs of autoimmunity (as associated with ).

The primary cause of Type 4 Diabetes is insulin resistance, a condition where the bodily cells do not efficiently respond to insulin. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. In Type 4 Diabetes, it is theorized that this resistance tends to develop as people age and is often linked to genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors.

Raising awareness about Type 4 Diabetes is crucial because it remains widely unrecognized, even by healthcare professionals. Many older adults experience symptoms of diabetes but attribute them to the aging process. Increased awareness can lead to early detection, timely treatment, and improved outcomes for those affected by this condition. However, it is worth noting that Type 4 Diabetes is a subject of ongoing research and is not yet recognized as an official diagnosis.

Risk Factors for Type 4 Diabetes

Understanding the risk factors associated with Type 4 Diabetes is paramount in preventing, detecting, and managing the condition. While diabetes, in general, is a complex condition, Type 4 Diabetes presents its own unique set of risk factors, separate from those typically associated with other diabetes types.

Sedentary lifestyle

A sedentary lifestyle, involving prolonged periods of sitting and limited physical activity, significantly increases the risk of Type 4 Diabetes. Physical activity is vital for maintaining insulin sensitivity, especially as we age. Engaging in regular exercise can help prevent or manage this condition.

Poor Diet

Dietary choices can significantly influence the development of Type 4 Diabetes. A high intake of saturated fats, processed foods, and added sugars can contribute to insulin resistance. Conversely, a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can promote insulin sensitivity and reduce the risk of Type 4 Diabetes.

Obesity

While Type 4 Diabetes is not exclusively linked to obesity, excess weight can exacerbate insulin resistance. It is essential to note that many cases occur in non-obese people, highlighting the complexity of this condition. Thus, weight management remains an important aspect of prevention and management.

Family History

A family history of diabetes can significantly increase an individual's risk of developing Type 4 Diabetes. Genetic factors can contribute to insulin resistance. Therefore, people with a family history of diabetes should be vigilant about their health and proactive in adopting a healthy lifestyle.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Recognizing the symptoms and understanding the diagnostic process for Type 4 Diabetes is essential for early intervention and effective management. Type 4 Diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance in older adults who are neither overweight nor obese, can often manifest with subtle signs that are sometimes mistaken for the natural aging process.

The symptoms of type 4 Diabetes often overlap with those of other types of diabetes. Common symptoms include:

Increased thirst and frequent urination

Fatigue and weakness

Blurred vision

Slow wound healing

Recurring infections

However, these symptoms can be subtle, and many may attribute them to the aging process, making diagnosis challenging.

Diagnostic Tests and Procedures

Diagnosing Type 4 Diabetes typically involves blood tests, including fasting blood sugar tests and oral glucose tolerance tests. These tests measure blood glucose levels and assess insulin resistance. Healthcare professionals use these results to confirm the presence of Type 4 Diabetes and differentiate it from other forms of the condition.

Management and Treatment

Effectively managing Type 4 Diabetes requires a multifaceted approach that encompasses lifestyle modifications, medical interventions, and diligent self-care. While this form of diabetes presents its own set of challenges, it is essential to understand that with the right guidance and commitment, it can be managed effectively.

Lifestyle Changes (Diet and Exercise)

Management of Type 4 Diabetes often begins with lifestyle modifications. These include adopting a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy body weight. Lifestyle changes can improve insulin sensitivity, even in older adults.

Medications for Type 4 Diabetes

In some cases, medications may be prescribed for managing insulin resistance. These medications work in various ways to enhance insulin function in the body. Common medications include metformin, thiazolidinediones, and GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Monitoring Blood Sugar Levels

Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels is crucial for people with Type 4 Diabetes. This helps track progress, make necessary adjustments to treatment plans, and detect any fluctuations in blood glucose levels.

Importance of Regular Check-ups

Frequent check-ups with healthcare professionals are essential for managing Type 4 Diabetes effectively. These visits allow healthcare providers to monitor overall health, assess treatment efficacy, and provide guidance on lifestyle adjustments.

Complications and Prevention

Type 4 Diabetes can lead to various complications, including:

Cardiovascular disease

Kidney problems

Vision issues, including diabetic retinopathy

Nerve damage (neuropathy)

Foot problems, including diabetic ulcers

Early intervention and proper management can significantly reduce the risk of these complications.

Strategies to Prevent Type 4 Diabetes

Preventing Type 4 Diabetes involves a proactive approach:

Maintaining a Healthy Lifestyle: Engage in regular physical activity, adopt a balanced diet, and manage your weight.

Awareness of Family History: If diabetes runs in your family, be vigilant about your health and discuss your risk with a healthcare professional.

Regular Health Check-ups: Visit your doctor for routine check-ups to monitor your health and detect any signs of diabetes early.

Early Detection and Intervention

Early detection of Type 4 Diabetes is important for effective management. Being aware of the risk factors, recognizing potential symptoms, and seeking medical attention promptly can lead to timely intervention and improved outcomes.

Resources and Support

Support Groups and Communities

Support groups and online communities can provide valuable emotional support and practical advice for people living with Type 4 Diabetes. Sharing experiences and learning from others can be empowering.

Educational Materials and Websites

Reputable websites and educational materials offer in-depth information on Type 4 Diabetes, its management, and the latest research findings. Staying informed is essential for those affected by this condition.

Professional Healthcare Providers

Consulting healthcare professionals with expertise in diabetes management is essential. Endocrinologists, dietitians, and diabetes educators can provide personalized guidance and treatment plans tailored to individual needs.

Conclusion

In summary, Type 4 Diabetes is the term put forth for a unique form of diabetes primarily affecting older people who are not overweight or obese. It often goes undiagnosed due to its distinctive characteristics. However, with increased awareness, lifestyle modifications, and early intervention, you can effectively manage Type 4 Diabetes and improve your quality of life.

If you suspect you may be at risk for Type 4 Diabetes or are experiencing symptoms, do not hesitate to seek medical attention. By taking control of your health through awareness, education, and support, you can effectively manage Type 4 Diabetes and lead a healthier life.

To search for the best Dietitian/Nutritionists in Croatia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Slovakia, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, the UK and The USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best Endocrinology Healthcare Providers in Germany, India, Malaysia, Spain, Thailand, the UAE, UK, the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References: Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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UNDERSTANDING TYPE 4 DIABETES: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT

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UNDERSTANDING TYPE 4 DIABETES: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, AND MANAGEMENT

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WINGED SCAPULA: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT - Mya Care 

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WINGED SCAPULA: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT - Mya Care 

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Scapular Winging or Winged Scapula is a medical disorder caused when the muscles that stabilize the area between the shoulder blades become weak or paralyzed. This condition leads to the protrusion of the shoulder blade to form a deformity that resembles the shape of a wing.

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Scapular Winging or Winged Scapula is a medical disorder caused when the muscles that stabilize the area between the shoulder blades become weak or paralyzed. This condition leads to the protrusion of the shoulder blade to form a deformity that resembles the shape of a wing. This condition can impact a person's quality of life, with symptoms ranging from mild back discomfort to severe pain. Scapular winging can also affect the range of motion for activities such as pulling, pushing, and lifting objects.

Causes of Winged Scapula

Scapular Winging can result from dysfunction of the nerves and muscles in the shoulder blade region. Another cause is trauma or injuries to the nerves and muscle structures in this area. The etiology of this condition includes the following:

Nerve damage

Damage to nerves of the shoulder blade region can be traumatic (due to injuries) or non-traumatic. Traumatic injuries are caused by:

Major blunt or sharp traumas to the neck and torso region

Repeated micro-traumas from daily activities such as cleaning overhead structures, gardening, and mopping

Sports injuries, such as from shot put, bowling, and weight-lifting

Compression of the nerves by tight clothing or bag straps

Iatrogenic sharp traumas, such as during treatment of Pneumothorax or shoulder surgeries

Surgeries such as Mastectomy

Tumors or other growths in the shoulder area

Non-traumatic injuries include viral nerve damage such as Polio or Influenza, toxin exposures, allergic reactions, congenital conditions such as Muscular Dystrophy, and genetic conditions affecting the musculoskeletal or neural system.

Damage to the long thoracic nerve often results in winging of the medial (inner) border of the scapula. Damage to the spinal accessory nerve causes scapular winging of the outer (lateral) border of the scapula. Dorsal scapular nerve damage can also contribute to this condition.

If you experience tingling sensations in your arm or occasional weakness in your shoulders, this may be a sign of nerve problems that increase your susceptibility to scapular winging.

Muscular weakness or imbalance

Pathologies involving the Serratus Anterior, Trapezius, or Rhomboid muscles can cause scapular winging. Serratus Anterior weakness or paralysis is the most common cause of a winged scapula. Muscular Dystrophy, congenital muscle weakness, tearing of muscle fibers due to trauma, and drug-induced myopathies are some causes of scapular winging.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Winged scapula manifests with various symptoms and signs. People with winged scapula complain of discomfort and fatigue in the shoulder blade region. Often, dull aching pain or sharp shooting pain accompanies the inability to lift the arms above a certain point and difficulty reaching behind the back. The pain can be in your shoulder region and may extend to the upper arms or further down. Fatigue is another common complaint. This results in a reduction in daily activities and a decrease in quality of life.

The diagnosis of winged scapula is confirmed by clinical tests. The healthcare provider will ask you to face the wall and push against the wall with your arms parallel to the ground. In case of Serratus Anterior muscle involvement, this clinical test makes the winged scapula more prominent. Winged scapula due to a Trapezius muscle problem is diagnosed by raising the arms to form a 'T shape' with your body. Similarly, a winged scapula due to a Rhomboid muscle problem is diagnosed by extending the arm from a fully flexed position.

The healthcare provider may also order an electrodiagnostic test or neuromuscular ultrasound to confirm the exact cause of the condition. This helps with treating the underlying cause of your scapular winging. Other techniques used to assess winged scapula include electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies. These methods are highly accurate and can pinpoint the specific nerve affected in the condition, as well as identify the precise location of the nerve damage. This is achieved by recording the electrical activity generated by muscles and assessing the speed at which nerve impulses travel through a particular nerve.

Common Risk Factors

Certain risk factors increase the likelihood of developing a winged scapula. Intense activities and sports involving rapid movements of the torso or upper limb can contribute to scapular winging. Weight-lifters, athletes, construction workers, and dancers are prone to winging of the scapula. In addition, previous injuries to your shoulder region or surgeries in this part of your body can also make you more susceptible.

Treatment Options

In most cases, your doctor will recommend techniques to strengthen the shoulder blade muscles and physical therapy. This includes range of motion exercises and muscle strengthening exercises, which improve shoulder girdle function.

You can get relief from your symptoms through pain relief medication, anti-inflammatories, and muscle relaxants. Non-steroidal pain medication and more potent pain medication are used for symptomatic relief. Another pillar of treatment includes external support devices. External support devices or orthoses (devices that you can wear) and braces/collars/traction devices.

It is important to identify and treat the underlying causes of scapular winging. This includes avoiding certain physical activities that may have caused the condition, such as sports, gardening, cleaning, and heavy overhead exercises. Mobility modification helps to reduce further damage to this area.

In severe or chronic cases, surgical treatment can be considered. Choices include split pectoralis major transfer, Eden-Lange muscle transfer, intercostal nerve transfer, tendon transfer, and Scapulopexy.

Coping Strategies and Lifestyle Tips

By modifying your lifestyle, you can reduce your symptoms and also prevent debilitating sequelae of scapular winging. You need to avoid heavy weight-lifting and long-term repetitive actions, including swimming, digging, and reaching overhead structures.

You have to be mindful of your posture and adopt coping mechanisms. Avoid sleeping with your arms stretched away from the body, popularly known as abduction, such as when you make a snow angel, use comfortable bedding, and avoid sitting in positions with the arm overhead for extended periods.

Low to moderate-intensity exercises preceded by adequate stretching can help to strengthen your muscles. Coping with muscle weakness and fatigue can be difficult without these exercises. The push-up plus (PUP) exercise has been shown to strengthen your Serratus Anterior muscle. You can also do exercises to strengthen your Rhomboid muscle and Trapezius muscle.

Prevention

You can reduce the likelihood of developing winged scapula by taking certain precautions. It is essential to properly stretch and warm-up adequately before engaging in rigorous athletic activities. You can also do prophylactic shoulder girdle strengthening exercises. These exercises should be done regularly and show a beneficial effect over time.

If you experience any pain in the shoulder blades or notice any protrusion in that area, avoid activities that put pressure on the shoulder and maintain a healthy weight. Seek advice from a certified doctor. Early treatment of this condition can prevent complications and long-term issues such as brachial plexus injuries, a frozen shoulder, and subacromial impingement.

Living with Winged Scapula

If you have a winged scapula, you need to develop a support system to help with your symptoms. Your family and friends can help you with rigorous activities involving the shoulder blade muscles. You can also notify your condition at work so they can facilitate your needs. You can utilize physiotherapy facilities and support groups to form a coping strategy.

It is essential to have a holistic approach and maintain your physical and mental well-being.

Conclusion

A winged scapula is a deformity of the shoulder blades resulting from neural or musculoskeletal problems. Serratus anterior muscle and long thoracic nerve damage are commonly implicated in this condition. Trauma to the shoulder blade region is the main cause.

Pain and fatigue of the shoulder and limited arm mobility, along with a clinically induced or grossly visible deformity of the shoulder blade, leads to a diagnosis of winged scapula. Physiotherapy and supportive medication or orthosis form the main pillars of treatment for this condition. If you experience any symptoms of a winged scapula, seek professional medical advice as soon as possible to get treatment and prevent serious complications.

To search for the best Orthopedic Doctors in Germany, India, Malaysia, Spain, Thailand, the UAE, the UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best Orthopedics Healthcare Providers in Croatia, Germany, India, Malaysia, Singapore, Spain, Thailand, Turkey, the UAE, UK and the USA, please use the Mya Care search engine.

To search for the best doctors and healthcare providers worldwide, please use the Mya Care search engine.
References:

Didesch, Jacob T, and Peter Tang. "Anatomy, Etiology, and Management of Scapular Winging." The Journal of Hand Surgery vol. 44,4 (2019): 321-330.

Martin, Ryan M, and David E Fish. "Scapular winging: anatomical review, diagnosis, and treatments." Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine vol. 1,1 (2008): 1-11.

Gooding, Benjamin W T et al. "Scapular Winging." Shoulder & elbow vol. 6,1 (2014): 4-11.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541005/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4447661/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6851043/

https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hereditary-neuralgic-amyotrophy/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5802755/

https://www.cureus.com/articles/10077-winged-scapula-a-comprehensive-review-of-surgical-treatment/

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29399426/

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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WINGED SCAPULA: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

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WINGED SCAPULA: CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

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As with other brainstem stroke syndromes, Wallenberg Syndrome highlights the importance of protecting the neck and head, as well as the health of the cardiovascular system.

The article below aims to describe Wallenberg Syndrome, the associated symptoms, and the brain structures involved. The following discussion also covers prognosis, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

What is Wallenberg Syndrome?

Wallenberg Syndrome is one of the most common conditions that occur as a result of a brainstem stroke arising from ischemia of the Vertebral Artery (VA) or Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA). It is also known as  Lateral Medullary Syndrome or PICA syndrome. Lateral Medullary Syndrome is one of many brainstem stroke syndromes that occur due to ischemic strokes of the posterior circulation. The posterior circulation refers to the major arteries behind the carotid arteries that supply blood to the brain.

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As with other brainstem stroke syndromes, Wallenberg Syndrome highlights the importance of protecting the neck and head, as well as the health of the cardiovascular system.

The article below aims to describe Wallenberg Syndrome, the associated symptoms, and the brain structures involved. The following discussion also covers prognosis, causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

What is Wallenberg Syndrome?

Wallenberg Syndrome is one of the most common conditions that occur as a result of a brainstem stroke arising from ischemia of the Vertebral Artery (VA) or Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA). It is also known as Lateral Medullary Syndrome or PICA syndrome. Lateral Medullary Syndrome is one of many brainstem stroke syndromes that occur due to ischemic strokes of the posterior circulation. The posterior circulation refers to the major arteries behind the carotid arteries that supply blood to the brain.[1]

Prevalence. Depending on the source, ischemic strokes account for up to 62-87% of all cases globally, averaging 7.6 million strokes per year.[2] Of these, 20-25% are posterior circulation strokes, which largely affect the brainstem and lead to brainstem stroke syndromes. It is estimated that Wallenberg Syndrome makes up half of brainstem syndrome cases, suggesting that there are roughly 750 000 - 950 000 new cases worldwide every year. Other sources suggest the global incidence is much lower, indicative of 152 000 - 228 000 (2-3% of ischemic strokes) per annum.

Anatomy. Those with Wallenberg Syndrome experience symptoms that arise from blood flow obstruction to the following arteries and brain areas:

The Vertebral Artery (VA) is the main artery that supplies blood to the medulla oblongata in the brainstem and adjacent parts of the lower cerebellum. It runs through the spine in the neck and eventually becomes the basilar artery, which reaches the inner core regions of the upper cortices.

The Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) joins the VA just before it merges with the basilar artery, diverging into the lower cerebellum regions (the cerebellum tonsils and cortical branch segments).

The Brainstem is responsible for coordinating involuntary physical processes and reflexes (e.g., heartbeat, respiration, blinking, etc.), as well as for rerouting sensory information to higher brain areas.

The Cerebellum helps to coordinate physical movement, including speech, motor learning, fine motor control, posture, gait, and movement evaluation.[3]

Symptoms

The symptoms of Wallenberg Syndrome are usually acute, yet roughly 25% of patients may experience a gradual onset of symptoms over several hours to days. Patients with gradual onset tend to develop headaches or migraines first, coupled with dizziness and gait ataxia, while other symptoms typically develop later on. Rare cases of head and neck trauma may cause symptom manifestation to be delayed for as long as 3-6 months.

Wallenberg Syndrome symptoms usually consist of the following:

Dizziness

Vertigo (sensation of internal or external spinning)

Nystagmus (involuntary eye movements)

Ataxia (reduced muscle control, or coordination resulting from brain, nerve or muscle damage)

Nausea or vomiting

Hiccups

It is rare for Wallenberg Syndrome symptoms to present uniformly among patients as it depends on the location of the stroke along the arteries and which parts of the brainstem they affect. The below points detail symptoms in accordance with affected brainstem areas during a stroke.[4]

Ipsilateral Side. Symptoms arising from the same side of the body as the VA or PICA stroke include:

Inferior Vestibular Nucleus: Vertigo, Nystagmus, double vision (Diplopia), misalignment of the eyes (skew deviation), nausea, vomiting, and hiccups.

Medullary and Pons Fibers: Difficulty in speaking and swallowing, as well as loss of voice, hoarseness, and gag reflex.

Sympathetic Fibers: Horner Syndrome characteristic of a constricted pupil (Miosis), drooping eyelid (Ptosis), and sweat impairment (Anhidrosis).

Cerebellum Structures: Ataxia

Trigeminal Nerves: Pain, numbness, and loss of sensation in the face

Nucleus Tractus Solitarius: Loss of taste and hyponatremia due to reduced antidiuretic hormone

Contralateral Side. Symptoms that occur on the side of the body opposite to the stroke site include:

Spinothalamic Tract: Loss of pain and temperature sensation in arms and legs

Ventral Corticospinal Fibers: Little to no weakness in the side of the body opposite to the stroke side.

Non-conventional symptoms and complications are also known to occur in those with Wallenberg Syndrome, including hypoventilation syndrome[5], facial paresis[6], and more.

Causes

Causes of Wallenberg Syndrome pertain to occlusion of the VA or PICA, with 80% of cases being attributable to the former. The occlusion usually occurs as a result of a cardiovascular condition coupled with other risk factors or as a result of injury. However, injury is a more common cause in younger individuals.

Atherothrombosis is the most common primary cause of arterial occlusion and is usually linked to atherosclerosis. In atherosclerosis, fats, and other substances create plaques in the walls of blood vessels, which narrow them and lower blood flow. Atherothrombosis can occur when a plaque disrupts, creates a lesion and a thrombus, which can occlude arteries and lead to an ischemic stroke of the brainstem and Wallenberg Syndrome.[7] Small vessel disease, in which similar processes happen in the small blood vessels, is also a prevalent cause of Wallenberg Syndrome and often also promotes Hypertension.

Risk Factors

Risk factors for Wallenberg Syndrome are the same as those for all other types of ischemic stroke, including:

Hypertension is quoted to be the most important risk factor for any kind of stroke. Up to half of those with stroke are estimated to have a history of Hypertension. Dietary and lifestyle factors that chronically increase blood pressure can promote Hypertension. Certain health conditions can predispose people to higher blood pressure, Hypertension, and Stroke. Fibromuscular Dysplasia is a condition in which the arteries are too large, causing blood flow compression and higher blood pressure. In some patients, symptoms overlap with Wallenberg Syndrome and may increase the risk.[8]

Smoking is known to double the risk of stroke while stopping can reduce the risk caused by smoking within 2-4 years.

Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, and Heart Disease. Individuals who have metabolic syndrome are predisposed to a number of serious chronic lifestyle disorders.These include high blood pressure, Hyperglycemia, Hyperinsulinemia, Obesity, Hypercholesterolemia, and Dyslipidemia[9]. Patients with Hypertension, Diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease often have metabolic syndrome first. These diseases are considered to be various manifestations of advanced metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome and its related diseases can increase the risk of stroke, especially with regard to Dyslipidemia and Hypertension. Diabetes is the most common manifestation of metabolic syndrome associated with Wallenberg Syndrome.

History of Stroke, Heart Attack, or Cardiac Anomalies. Those with a history of either stroke or heart attack are usually at an increased risk of contracting another in the future. Cardiac risks specific to those with Wallenberg Syndrome include large artery disease or Atherothrombosis, as well as Cardioembolism and related Atrial Fibrillation. Atrial Fibrillation and other unusual cardiac activity may also elevate the risk, which increases with age and the presence of metabolic syndrome factors.

Head and Neck Injury or Trauma. Injuries or traumatic wounds can impact the blood flow of the arteries in the spinal column of the neck, as well as in the base of the head. This is a more prevalent cause of Wallenberg Syndrome in younger individuals, who tend to sustain neck and head injuries more on average than the elderly. Infants and young children are more sensitive to injuries of the neck and head due to immature bone formation. They commonly present with wounds lower down by comparison to adults. Neck injuries may also occur as a result of neck manipulation, which can increase the risk of arterial occlusion and Wallenberg Syndrome. In some circumstances, injuries may cause symptoms of lateral medullary syndrome to occur only 3 - 6 months after as a result of the mildly reduced posterior circulation.[10]

Surgery. The VA and PICA are exposed during various types of brain surgeries. They may accidentally become occluded as a surgical complication, which can greatly increase the risk of developing Wallenberg Syndrome.

Rare Conditions. Atypical strain within or growth of blood vessels due to connective tissue disorders can heighten the chance of brainstem strokes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of brainstem stroke syndromes is considered to be difficult due to the wide symptom presentation. The patient will be examined by a healthcare practitioner, who will assess their symptoms and medical history. The physician will need to rule out other conditions and may carry out blood tests as well. Wallenberg Syndrome can sometimes be confused for acute demyelination in Multiple Sclerosis or Neuromyelitis Optica. Treatment may begin once a stroke has been diagnosed, even before the patient is diagnosed with a brainstem stroke or Wallenberg Syndrome.

Imaging Techniques are used to confirm the site of occlusion and the degree of brain damage. CT scans are often used for the initial diagnosis, while MRIs are able to further detail the stroke's location. Diffusion-weighted MRI is able to detect the onset of a brainstem stroke early on. Digital Subtraction Angiography is the golden standard for diagnosing VA injury as it is one of the most accurate imaging techniques, able to give the precise location of the lesion. However, it may increase the risk of stroke by 0.5%. CT and MR angiography proved to be better imaging methods with a higher accuracy and lower risk involvement.

Treatment Options

The treatment of Wallenberg Syndrome is similar to that of any other ischemic stroke, aiming to lower the size of the blood vessel blockage and minimize the risk of post-stroke complications. Treatment is divided into acute treatment and long-term treatment.

Acute Treatment starts within the first 3 - 4.5 hours after stroke onset if symptoms are acute and the patient has been accurately diagnosed. The patient will be monitored for the development of any further complications in the ICU, usually for a period of 24 hours until stable. During that time, treatment often includes the following:

Anticoagulants and Antihypertensives. It is common for the IV administration of potent anticoagulants and antihypertensives to occur within the first 3 - 4.5 hours of stroke onset. This helps to dissolve the obstruction, improve blood flow, and prevent further tissue damage to oxygen-deprived areas. Studies indicate that IV Thrombolysis may improve outcomes by as much as 30% on average.

General Critical Care. After the patient has been stabilized, they are monitored and prescribed medications to control for risk factors that may detract from successful recovery. These often include additional anticoagulants and antidiabetic medications that control excess blood glucose levels. Blood thinning medications are contraindicated in the case of severe Traumatic Brain Injury or Aneurysm. The patient may require a respirator, postural support, or feeding assistance if unable to speak, swallow, or breathe optimally.

Stents. If a head or neck injury was implicated in causing Wallenberg Syndrome and anticoagulant treatment proves ineffective or is contraindicated, surgical stents may be recommended to improve blood flow to affected areas.

Long-Term Treatment and Secondary Stroke Prevention. After the patient's condition has been stabilized, long-term treatment aims to prevent future stroke occurrences and correct any residual complications. Common and novel rehabilitation and prevention strategies are described below:

Speech Therapy. Some patients may lose their ability to swallow, which can affect drinking, eating, and talking. Speech therapy is often recommended for such patients. Limited evidence suggests that it benefits many post-stroke patients with dysphagia[11] and that it may help to restore normal swallowing function within 3 months. During that time, the patient may need to remain hospitalized and be dependent on an orogastric tube to facilitate feeding.

Rehabilitation. Besides speech therapy, rehabilitation often consists of any number of interventions that help to restore or improve functions that were lost as a result of Stroke, such as the ability to walk properly, maintain posture and balance, or think, comprehend, or solve problems. These may include physical therapies, cognitive training, physical exercise, and psychosocial support. Similar to speech therapy, improvement in response to physical therapies tends to show within 3 months[12]. Certain supplements and medications may help to enhance rehabilitation by promoting Neurogenesis and Neuroplasticity, referred to as Neuromodulators.

Dietary and Lifestyle Modifications. Wallenberg Syndrome is considered to be a type of posterior circulation ischemic stroke. The patient is often advised to make dietary and lifestyle changes that promote their recovery and limit future strokes from occurring. These include quitting smoking, regular physical activity, and consuming a balanced diet (low in refined carbs and fat) that does not increase the risk of Hypertension or Diabetes, such as the DASH or Mediterranean diets.[13] Anti-inflammatory dietary nutrients may also promote Stroke prevention by helping to regulate Neuroinflammation.

Pharmaceutical Management. Some patients may be prescribed routine anticoagulants, antihypertensives, anti-glycemic medications, or painkillers to treat post-Stroke complications or causes.

Stem Cell Therapy. Stem cells may greatly enhance the regeneration of blood vessels and damaged brain cells after a Stroke. Pre-clinical trials have shown that stem cell therapies promote Neurogenesis as well as help regulate Neuroinflammation that can perpetuate post-stroke damage[14]. Animal studies have shown similar efficacy for less invasive Platelet-Rich Plasma injections in models of Stroke[15] to that of highly invasive intracerebral stem cell transplantation. The effects of stem cell therapy have the potential to greatly improve the outcomes of physical rehabilitation[16], which can serve to guide the process of regeneration toward full recovery.

Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation. Several forms of non-invasive brain stimulation have been developed over the years, all of which have shown promise in improving parameters of brain regeneration, vascular repair, cerebral blood flow, and neurologic function. Studies suggest that Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and direct current stimulation may increase the benefit of physical rehabilitation in stroke survivors. Vagal nerve stimulation, which stimulates the brain via the Vagus nerve, has been shown to improve sensory and motor functions in Stroke patients.[17]

Prognosis

The overall prognosis for Wallenberg Syndrome is positive, with a high recovery rate.

Complications and Rehabilitation. Many patients with Wallenberg Syndrome recover within 3 - 6 months, especially with the aid of current rehabilitation strategies. Recovery from acute symptoms may be worse for patients with multiple lesions, while long-term outcomes may be worse for those with larger areas of damage in critical regions of the brainstem and cerebellum.[18]

Mortality. By comparison to other strokes of the Medulla Oblongata and posterior circulation, the Lateral Medullary Ssyndrome is not associated with a significant long-term risk of mortality. Outcomes are known to be worse for older patients, those with a history of recurrent Stroke, and those who have developed swallowing problems, which can impact both breathing and digestive function.[19]

Conclusion

Wallenberg Syndrome is one of the most common types of brainstem Stroke syndromes, primarily affecting the Vertebral Artery and sometimes the Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery. Acute symptoms pertain to the brainstem and cerebellar ischemia and often include dizziness, vertigo, hiccups, swallowing difficulties, and muscle weakness. Patients with Wallenberg Syndrome usually have a better prognosis than those with other brainstem stroke syndromes. After initial stabilization in the hospital, recovery usually demands restoring postural coordination, balance, speech, and swallowing ability. Speech and physical therapy are indispensable for these patients, as are classic lifestyle modifications for stroke prevention. Stem cell therapy and non-invasive brain stimulation may substantially enhance outcomes for stroke survivors in recovery.

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Sources:

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470174/

[2] https://www.world-stroke.org/assets/downloads/WSO_Global_Stroke_Fact_Sheet.pdf

[3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538167/

[4] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551670/

[5] https://ejnpn.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41983-021-00326-z

[6] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3271596/

[7] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1544319115318525

[8] https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/fibromuscular-dysplasia

[9] https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metabolic-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20351916

[10] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3175894/

[11] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2846331/

[12] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24119775/

[13] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0002962922000301

[14] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31381876/

[15] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25452023/

[16] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34572529/

[17] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9724451/

[18] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29558752/

[19] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7969705/

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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WALLENBERG SYNDROME - SYMPTOMS, CAUSES, RISK FACTORS AND TREATMENT

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WALLENBERG SYNDROME - SYMPTOMS, CAUSES, RISK FACTORS AND TREATMENT

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Between the decades of 1910 and 1920, Dr. Ludwig Roemheld studied the phenomenon in which patients suffering from digestive problems and no detectable heart issues would experience cardiac symptoms. By the 40`s, his research received more attention and the medical community would eventually accept the existence of a gastro-cardiac symptom complex, also known as the Roemheld Syndrome (RS). The most common model known for Roemheld Syndrome involves some gastrointestinal problem or disease that leads to arrhythmia or other types of abnormal heart rate issues. Although the precise interactions involved in Roemheld Syndrome are not well-described, anatomical proximity, the vagus nerve (VN) and electrolyte deficiencies are still considered as equally valid candidates for the key element in Roemheld Syndrome, with VN being a well-supported option.

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Between the decades of 1910 and 1920, Dr. Ludwig Roemheld studied the phenomenon in which patients suffering from digestive problems and no detectable heart issues would experience cardiac symptoms. By the 40`s, his research received more attention and the medical community would eventually accept the existence of a gastro-cardiac symptom complex, also known as the Roemheld Syndrome (RS). The most common model known for Roemheld Syndrome involves some gastrointestinal problem or disease that leads to arrhythmia or other types of abnormal heart rate issues. Although the precise interactions involved in Roemheld Syndrome are not well-described, anatomical proximity, the vagus nerve (VN) and electrolyte deficiencies are still considered as equally valid candidates for the key element in Roemheld Syndrome, with VN being a well-supported option.

Roemheld Syndrome is not a disease, is just a particular combination of symptoms appearing together being caused by one or more pathologies. Although in the first publications discussing this phenomenon several authors (including Roemheld himself) mention how "frequent" was to see patients with gastrointestinal diseases presenting RS, very little information about this syndrome's epidemiology is available today. In fact, observing Roemheld Syndrome, personally seems to be so rare that a big portion of all modern publications on this topic tend to be case studies about individual patients. Overall, even patients with the exact conditions to be diagnosed with Roemheld Syndrome, usually aren't, the connection between the guts and heart symptoms is made, but the syndrome is rarely mentioned.

In this article we'll examine the available information for Roemheld Syndrome and provide hard facts about its causes, specific symptoms, people at risk, diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

Causes

Since the 1920's, is well-known that the primary cause of Roemheld Syndrome, is the accumulation of gas in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Initially, physicians assumed that those who experienced RS were producing more gas than usual though fermentation (part of the normal processes of digestion), however, as time went on, it became clear that for a great majority of cases, the problem wasn't the gas produced, but the gas ingested.

A phenomenon called aerophagia (the excessive swallowing of air) seemed to be more pronounced in individuals with Roemheld Syndrome. It's considered that any condition that promotes aerophagia will also increase the risk for Roemheld Syndrome.

The gas is "the problem" that leads to RS, however, for someone to develop this condition, the vagus nerve is key. If this nerve can be easily overstimulated by the stress in the GI tract then is much more likely for the heart's rate of pulsations per minute to become affected (normally decreasing to then increase rapidly). Considering this, a pre-existing or easily producible vagotonic condition could also be considered as a cause (or at least a main contributing factor) for Roemheld Syndrome.

Pathologies known to promote Roemheld Syndrome, include:

Abnormal gallbladder function

Hiatal hernia

Enteric disease

Loss of the ability to burp (Aneructonia)

Bowel obstruction

Acute pancreatic necrosis

Symptoms

Roemheld Syndrome, can manifest in several different ways, these are the most common symptoms reported by patients.

Sinus Bradycardia (slow heart rate)

Shortness of Breath

Chest tightness

Muscle cramping

Dizziness

Palpitations

Belching, nausea

Arrhythmia (irregular heart beat)

Tachycardia (rapid heart rate)

Panic attacks

Confusion

Anxiety

Depression

Blood pressure fluctuations

Lightheadedness

Vasovagal syncope (fainting)

Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)

People at risk

As we mentioned before, aerophagia is an important element in Roemheld Syndrome, and those with this condition will be at a higher risk of developing the syndrome.

Aerophagia is common in people who have the habits of:

Eating too quickly

Talking while they eat

Drinking through straws

Breathing through their mouths

Exercising vigorously

Drinking carbonated beverages

Wearing loose-fitting dentures

People with respiratory problems who use medical equipment to alleviate their condition are also at risk. Sleep apnea is a good example, usually this condition requires the patient to use a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Machine (CPAPM) in the form of a mask. If the air pressure being generated by the machine is not properly calibrated or there're some congestion problems, a lot of air will be swallowed. In general, any need for long-term assisted breathing will increase the risk of aerophagia and Roemheld Syndrome.

In the 1920's researchers also noticed that those of "nervous predisposition" were more likely to develop symptoms. By today's standards, this means that those struggling with anxiety are also at risk.

People with an overstimulated vagus nerve like those with vasotonic angina will have the right conditions to manifest the syndrome, however, very little is known about the precise vagotonic conditions that could be related to higher or lower risk. People with symphathicotonic conditions will also be vulnerable.

Pathologies that lead to weakness of the superior esophageal sphincter (like cricopharyngeal fibrosis) can also increase the risk for Roemheld Syndrome, since they allow more air to enter the GI tract. A good example of this is the link that seems to be between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and atrial fibrillation (AF). Up to 14% of people who suffer from GERD also experience AF.

Diagnosis

Diagnosing Roemheld Syndrome is not easy and due to its nature, many will be misdiagnosed with either a non-existent heart condition or mental issue. Patient's experiences will vary considerably depending on which doctor they visit first.

Since the most obvious symptoms of Roemheld Syndrome are very similar to those belonging to many different cardiac diseases, most patients will visit a cardiologist first. Most doctors will focus on finding a heart problem that is not really there. With that purpose, they'll use diagnostic tools like EKG's, Holter monitors, slope tests, cardiac MRIs, cardiac CTs, cardiac catheterizations, EP studies, Echocardiograms and many blood tests. Sleep studies may even be included. If everything goes well, no heart condition will be found.

Some patients are put under psychological examination to detect any signs of anxiety, depression or a conversion disorder. Mainly because their symptoms will appear to have no physical cause.

Gastroenterologists have the best chance of diagnosing RS in symptomatic patients by performing colonoscopies, endoscopies and ultrasounds. This way, a doctor will be able to detect the presence of a gastrointestinal problem (leading to a distended GI tract).

Linking the cardiac symptoms to the GI issues is more difficult. Roemheld Syndrome, diagnosis at this point is not an exact science and only recently the medical community has started to consider this type of association between the digestive and circulatory systems in the context of treating arrhythmias.

If Roemheld Syndrome is suspected by a doctor, a combination of X-rays and EKGs to detect simultaneous air-filled bowels and arrhythmia has been used for effective diagnosis; However, improvement of cardiac symptoms after treatment of the gastric conditions is the strongest confirmation for Roemheld Syndrome,.

Treatment

Roemheld Syndrome has no definitive cure but it can be managed by treating its symptoms. The following medications are very helpful for this purpose:

Anticholinergics or magnesium/ sodium supplements to raise blood pressure

Anticonvulsants like Lorazepam and Oxcarbazepine help regulate motility in the GI tract and the vagus nerve

Alpha and beta blockers to increase motility and regulate heart rate respectively

Antigas to reduce gastric pressure. In this category Simethicone is very popular

Antacids help against acid reflux

Some sources mention Vagusectomy as another type of treatment, but we've not found information to support this option.

Prevention

A healthier lifestyle and reducing some of the behaviors that lead to gas accumulation in the intestines will help prevent RS.

Eat slowly and with your mouth closed

Don't smoke

If you need assisted breathing, check with your doctor to determine if your equipment is properly calibrated.

Follow a reduced FODMAP diet. It will help prevent gas accumulation

Use magnesium supplements and regular exercise to make your heart stronger

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Hector Osorio is a cell biologist, research assistant and science/health content writer. He loves complex topics related to life sciences like cancer, viral infections and aging. He graduated from Central University of Venezuela Faculty of Sciences and worked as a research assistant for the Center of Experimental Medicine of the Venezuelan Center for Scientific Research (IVIC) for 5 years.
References

Jervell, O., & Lødøen, O. (2009). THE GASTROCARDIAC SYNDROME. Acta Medica Scandinavica, 142(S266), 595-599. doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1952.tb13409.x

Saeed, M., Bhandohal, J. S., Visco, F., Pekler, G., & Mushiyev, S. (2018). Gastrocardiac syndrome: A forgotten entity. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 36(8), 1525.e5-1525.e7. doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2018.05.002

The Gastrocardiac Syndrome. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://emdidactic.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-gastrocardiac-syndrome.html

Aerophagia: Definition, Treatment, and More. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.healthline.com/health/aerophagia#causes

the definition of vagotonic. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vagotonic

Sharma, S. (n.d.). Roemheld Syndrome - Gastric Cardia. Retrieved from http://roemheld-syndrome.com/

Roemheld syndrome. (2019, February 24). Retrieved from https://www.patientslikeme.com/conditions/roemheld-syndrome

Suguayani. (2018, June 9). Roemheld syndrome. Retrieved from http://yourpressinfo.blogspot.com/2018/06/roemheld-syndrome.html

The Gastrocardiac Syndrome. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://emdidactic.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-gastrocardiac-syndrome.html

Bugiardini, R., Pozzati, A., Ottani, F., Morgagni, G. L., & Puddu, P. (1993). Vasotonic angina: A spectrum of ischemic syndromes involving function abnormalities of the epicardial and microvascular coronary circulation. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 22(2), 417-425. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(93)90045-3

Cook, I. J. (2006). Clinical disorders of the upper esophageal sphincter. GI Motility online. doi:10.1038/gimo37

Roman, C., Varannes, S. B., Muresan, L., Picos, A., & Dumitrascu, D. L. (2014). Atrial fibrillation in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: A comprehensive review. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 20(28), 9592-9599. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i28.9592

Linz, D., Hohl, M., Vollmar, J., Ukena, C., Mahfoud, F., & Böhm, M. (2016). Atrial fibrillation and gastroesophageal reflux disease: the cardiogastric interaction. Europace, euw092. doi:10.1093/europace/euw092

Suguayani. (2018, 9). Roemheld syndrome. Retrieved from http://yourpressinfo.blogspot.com/2018/06/roemheld-syndrome.html

Dr sanjay gupta cardiologist: Roemheld Syndrome, Stomach Issues Can Cause Heart Problem And Arrhythmia. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.keepandshare.com/doc8/19893/drsanjayguptacardiologist-roemheld-syn

What is a FODMAP diet?. Retrieved from https://www.alimmenta.com/dietas/fodmap/

Disclaimer: Please note that Mya Care does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The information provided is not intended to replace the care or advice of a qualified health care professional. The views expressed are personal views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of Mya Care. Always consult your doctor for all diagnoses, treatments, and cures for any diseases or conditions, as well as before changing your health care regimen. Do not reproduce, copy, reformat, publish, distribute, upload, post, transmit, transfer in any manner or sell any of the materials in this blog without prior written permission from myacare.com.

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What is Roemheld Syndrome? | Symptoms Roemheld Syndrome | Mya Care

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Roemheld Syndrome is not a disease but a combination of symptoms appearing together being caused by one or more pathologies. Click to read more about Roemheld Syndrome.